| 词汇 | down |
| 释义 | downUK:*/ˈdaʊn/US:/daʊn/ ,(doun)UK-RP:UK-Yorkshire:Irish:Scottish:US Southern:Jamaican: 主要翻译 down adv (from higher to lower)向下；往下He climbed down from the tree.他从树上爬了下来。 down adv (on the bottom)在底部；在尽头There's a house down there in the valley.这条峡谷的底部有一间屋子。 down adv (away from here)离开此处Are you coming down to the pub with us?你要和我们一起去酒馆吗？ down prep (from higher to lower place)下行；往下They walked down the mountain.他们下了山。 down prep (further along)在…的一端，在…的尽头The restaurant is just down the street.餐厅就在这条街的尽头。 down prep (near body of water)在（河流）的下游They live about 20 miles down river.他们住在河流的下游大约20英里处。 down prep (throughout: years, ages, etc.)…以来Philosophers have sought answers down the ages.几世纪以来，哲学家们一直都在搜寻答案。 down adv (southward)向南；往南We're going down to Italy for our holidays this year.今年，我们要南下到意大利去度假。 down adj (lower)降低的；下跌的；下跌的The price of oil is down this week.这个星期油价降了。 其他翻译 down adj (level: reduced) (水平面等)下降了的，降低了的The water level is down. We should add some more.水平面下降了，我们应该补充点水。 down adj figurative, informal (sad or depressed)心情抑郁的；心情沮丧的I feel a little down, but I'll be alright.我感觉有点忧郁，但我会好的。 down adj (to the south)南下的；向南的They're down on the south coast all week.他们南下在海滩呆了整整一周。 down adj (American football: stopped) (橄榄球术语)被阻截的The referee declared the ball down.裁判宣布这个球是死球。 down adj (sports: behind in score) (体育比赛术语)比分落后的The Danish team is down ten points.丹麦队落后十分。 down adj UK (trains: away from capital) (指火车)驶离首都的The down train leaves from this platform.火车从这个月台出发，驶离首都。 down adj informal (not working, out of order)停止运行的；出故障的The server's down. You'll have to try again later.服务器掉线，只能等会儿再试。 down adj informal (learned)掌握了的；背下来的Have you got your lines down for the school play yet?学校话剧的台词你背下来了吗？ down adj informal (gambling: with losses of) (赌博)输钱的I'm down three hundred dollars.我输了300元。 down adj informal (finished)做完的；完成的We've got three reports down, one to go! down adj (crossword puzzles: vertical) (猜字游戏)竖行的I can't work out the answer to 7 down.竖行7的答案我想不出来。 down with [sth] adj + prep US, informal (sick with, suffering from)生...病的；患...病的She's down with the flu and can't come to the party.她患上了流感，无法来参加派对了。 down to [sth/sb] adj + prep informal (determined by)由…负责；由…决定Whether he goes free or not is down to the judge's decision.他能否释放取决于法官的裁决。 down to [sth] adj + prep (left with only)只剩下We're down to the last of the coffee, so could you buy some more while you're out?咖啡差不多用光了，你出去时能再买些回来吗？ down to [sth/sb] adj + prep informal (caused by)是…的责任；由…引起The accident was entirely down to driver error.那次事故完全是司机的失误造成的。 down adv (written)（写）下；（记）下Have you got that down yet?你记下来了吗？ down adv (sitting or lying)坐下；躺下I put her down for her nap.我把她放下让她小睡片刻。 down adv (to lower value)价值变低Prices have come down in recent weeks.最近几周物价有所下降。 down adv (reduced: in volume, amount, etc.)音量由大到小地We've got our luggage down to one suitcase each.我们将行李精简到每人一个手提箱。 down adv (time: earlier to later) (时间)从以前往后Language changes down through the ages.随着时代的变迁，语言也在发生变化。 down adv (to lesser strength)变弱；变淡The beer tastes watered down.这个啤酒尝起来像是掺了水似的，味道很淡。 down adv (cash payment)现金支付How much money can you put down?首付你能付多少？ down adv (into submission)屈服地He shouted down his opponent.他的喊叫声压倒了对手。 down adv (fixed state)处于被固定的状态The antenna was tied down with ropes.天线用绳子固定好了。 down adv (to the source)溯源备注: For example: track down, hunt downHe tracked down his natural father.他溯本追源，找到了亲生父亲。 down adv (suppressed)被抑制；被压制He choked down his emotions.他压抑着自己的情绪。 down with [sth], down with doing [sth], down to do [sth], down for [sth], down for doing [sth] expr slang (keen to do [sth])支持Sure, I'm down for going hiking this weekend.当然，我支持这个周末去远足。 down interj (command to a dog) (对动物发出的口令)坐下！Down, boy! Get back to your kennel.坐下，小子！回你的窝里去。 down n (bird: soft feathers)羽毛；羽绒These pillows are filled with goose down.这些枕头里填的是鹅绒。 down n (person: soft hair)软毛；绒毛He was sixteen and had down on his chin.他十六岁，下巴上已经长了绒毛。 down n (botany: fuzz) (植物)绒毛Peaches have a layer of down on their skin.桃子外皮上有一层绒毛。 The Downs n UK (range of low ridges in England) (英国)唐斯丘陵Bill took his children to fly their kites on the Downs. The Downs n UK (sea area in England) (英国)唐斯海域, 唐斯锚地The Downs are an area of the sea off the east coast of Kent. down n as adj (made with soft feathers)绒羽的I find a down pillow more comfortable than a synthetic one. the downs npl UK (rolling country)延绵起伏的山丘Sheep were grazing on the downs. downs npl informal (negative events, experiences)低谷vtr；低落Life has been hard on me lately; I've had more downs than ups this past year. down prep UK, informal (at, to)去；到Were you down the pub last night?昨晚你去酒吧了吗？ down vi informal (fall)降下The road ups and downs all the way to the sea. down [sth] vtr informal (drink) (非正式用语)喝光He downed his beer and left. down [sth] vtr (shoot from the sky)击落；打落They downed a helicopter with just a rifle. down [sb/sth] vtr informal (fell, knock to the ground) (非正式用语)打倒；击倒That wrestler could down anyone in thirty seconds. 动词短语 back down vi phrasal (give in, yield)放弃；退让Despite the evidence, he refused to back down.尽管证据就摆在面前，他仍不放弃。 batten [sth] down, batten down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (batten: close securely)将…封起来 batter [sth] down, batter down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (hit until it collapses)击垮；击溃 bear down vi phrasal (labor: push baby out) (指女性自然分娩时)用力，使劲 bear down vi phrasal US (apply pressure, concentrate)努力，尽力，发挥You have to know when to conserve your strength and when to bear down with every bit of energy you have. bear down on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (push, press on)用力压在…上；加压力于Bear down on the pen to make clear carbon copies. bear down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (weigh heavily upon)沉重地压在…心头；让...难以承受Emma felt the full weight of her financial worries bearing down on her. bear down on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep UK (rush towards)冲向，撞向The truck came bearing down on the brothers as they were crossing the street. bear down on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (approach threateningly)气势汹汹地向…进逼The man was bearing down on Jim along the path. beat down vi phrasal (sun: shine brightly and hot) (太阳)火辣辣地照射；强烈地照射The sun was beating down on our backs.太阳火辣辣地照射在我们的背上。 beat down vi phrasal (rain: pour heavily) (雨)倾盆而下The rain beat down so hard on the apple tree that in the morning half of the apples were on the ground.雨重重地打在苹果树上，一早上一半苹果都掉落在地。 beat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (negotiate lower price from)杀价；还价；砍价Amy beat the seller down to £20 for the vase.艾米还价到20欧元从买下花瓶。 beat [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (price: negotiate lower) (价格)把…压低We beat the price down to $45.我们把价格压到45美元。 beat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (demoralize)使…受挫；使…泄气Doris admitted that life was beating her down.多丽斯承认生活把她打倒了。 beat [sth] down, beat down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (suppress)抑制；克制Deborah beat down her fear of flying and got on the plane to visit her daughter in Australia.黛博拉抑制住了自己对于飞行的恐惧，登上飞机，去往澳大利亚看望女儿。 bed down vi phrasal (go to bed)上床睡觉I usually bed down at about eleven o'clock. bed [sb] down vtr phrasal sep (provide bed for)为…提供住宿；给…安排住宿；安排…睡下Emily fed, bathed, and bedded down the children. belt down vi phrasal (rain: fall heavily) (雨)倾盆落下 bend down vi phrasal (lean over)弯腰；屈身The mother bent down to tie the child's shoe laces.那位妈妈弯下腰去给孩子系鞋带。 bog [sth] down, bog down [sth] vtr phrasal sep usually passive, informal (vehicle: mire)使…止步不前，使…陷入泥潭The jeep got bogged down in a huge mud puddle. bog [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative, usually passive, informal (person: hinder, burden)使...陷入困境，使...陷入停滞；阻碍，阻挠Work is really bogging me down lately.最近，工作真的让我停滞不前。 boil [sth] down, boil down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (liquid: reduce) (液体)把 ... 煮稠，把…煮浓The cook boiled the drippings down to a rich gravy.厨师将汁水煮到浓稠。 boil down vi phrasal (liquid: be reduced) (液体)浓缩，煮浓Heat the water until it boils down to a volume of about 10ml.将水加热，煮至剩余大约10毫升。 boil down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (be essentially)归结为；归根结底到What it all boils down to is a failure to plan.这一切都归结于计划的失败。 boil [sth] down, boil down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (information, argument: reduce) (信息，论点)缩短，压缩If you boil down Machiavelli's philosophy, he is saying that the end justifies the means.如果归纳一下马基雅维利的哲学，他所表达的是目的决定手段。 bolt [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (fasten, secure [sth])用螺栓拧紧Bolt down that metal plate so that it doesn't vibrate. bolt [sth] down vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (eat [sth] quickly)狼吞虎咽Jerry was late for class, so he bolted down his breakfast. bow down vi phrasal (bend, kneel in respect)鞠躬；服从；顺从She was asked to bow down in front of a statue of their god.她被要求在他们信奉的神的雕像前鞠躬。 bow down before [sb] vi phrasal + prep literal (bow in deference to)向…鞠躬It is customary to bow down before the Emperor of Japan. bow down before [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (show deference to)对…表示敬意He is so arrogant that he thinks everyone should bow down before him.他很傲慢，觉得所有人都需要向他表示敬意。 break down vi phrasal (machine: stop working)坏掉，抛锚；发生故障备注: The single-word form is used when the term is a noun.The car broke down on the way home.回家的路上，车子抛锚了。 break down vi phrasal figurative (person: cry)精神崩溃；情绪失控Stella broke down when the police told her about her husband's accident.斯特拉在警察告知自己丈夫出事时，精神崩溃了。 break down vi phrasal figurative (collapse, become weak)崩溃，瓦解，破裂； (身体)垮掉，衰弱The union called a strike after talks broke down over retirement benefits.退休福利的谈判破裂后，工会号召进行罢工。 break [sth] down, break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (door, wall: knock down) (将门、墙等)摧毁，捣毁，破坏The police broke down the door when they raided the house.当对房屋进行搜查时，警方破门而入。 break [sth] down, break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (substance: disintegrate)将…分解成化学成分Stomach acid breaks down food during digestion.消化时，胃酸会将食物分解成化学成分。 break [sth] down, break down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (analyze)对…进行分解分析We can break down the process into a number of separate stages.我们能够将整个过程分解为一系列独立的阶段。 bring [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (cause demise)打倒；击败The scandal brought down the government.这件丑闻击垮了政府。 bring [sb] down vtr phrasal sep US, figurative, slang (make sad)挫伤…，使沮丧If you keep criticizing Michael, you'll just bring him down.如果你一直批评迈克尔的话，你会使他沮丧的。 bucket down, bucket vi phrasal informal, figurative (rain heavily)下大雨备注: Most commonly used in the continuousDon't forget your umbrella - it's bucketing down out there. buckle [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (fasten: shoe, seatbelt)用搭扣扣紧Will you please buckle down the car seat so it doesn't move around? buckle down vi phrasal informal, figurative (set to work)开始认真工作I've got to buckle down and finish planting the vegetable seeds. buckle down vi phrasal informal, figurative (work diligently)全力以赴I have to buckle down and finish this term paper. bunk down vi phrasal informal (go to bed, sleep)睡觉；去睡了 call [sb] down vtr phrasal sep US, informal (reprimand [sb], tell [sb] off)训斥；斥责 calm down vi phrasal (become calmer)平静下来；镇静下来The street market is closed until the weather has calmed down.集市已关闭，直至天气状况好转。 calm [sb] down, calm down [sb] vtr phrasal sep (make calmer)使平静；使镇静；使安静She gave the baby a bottle to calm him down.她给了婴儿奶瓶，让他平静下来。 cast off, cast down vi phrasal (country dancing)乡村舞The dancers cast off and moved to the end of the line. change down vi phrasal (vehicle: shift to lower gear) (车辆)降档；减速 choke [sth] down, choke down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (eat with difficulty)强咽…下去 choke [sth] down, choke down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (suppress: words, feelings)将…抑制 chomp down vi phrasal (bite forcefully)猛咬 chomp down on [sth] vi phrasal + prep (bite [sth] forcefully)把...猛咬一口 chop [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (tree: fell, cut down) (树)砍倒Pioneers would chop down trees to build their homes. clamp down vi phrasal figurative (be strict, enforce rules)严厉压制；严厉打击备注: Single-word form is used when the term is a nounThere is a big problem with dangerous driving on this stretch of road, but the police are clamping down.这段路存在严重的危险驾驶问题，警方正在严厉打击。 clamp down on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (be strict, enforce rules)严厉打击，严格压制；严厉扼制The city is clamping down on gang violence. climb down vi phrasal UK, figurative (accept defeat)屈服, 妥协, 认输There was a public outcry at the proposals and the government was forced to climb down.提案引起了公愤，政府不得不妥协。 close down vi phrasal (business: cease trading)停业When the doctor was killed, the clinic was forced to close down.那名医生遇害后，诊所就被迫停业了。close [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (prevent [sth] from operating)使停业；关闭，关掉The Women's Anti-Exploitation League vowed to close down the porno shop.妇女反剥削联盟发誓要关掉那家色情服务店。collapse [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (dismantle or disassemble)使…散架collapse [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (cause to fold together)折叠come down vi phrasal (descend)下来；下楼Go upstairs and tell your sister to come down for dinner.上楼去叫你姐妹下来吃饭。come down vi phrasal (structure: collapse)坍塌；倒塌After the wrecking ball hit the side of the building it came down quickly.落锤击中大楼的一侧，大楼很快就塌了。come down vi phrasal slang, figurative (cease to be high on drugs) (俚语)药力下降That weed was so good that it took me 3 hours to finally come down.那大麻太棒了，我最终花了3个小时才冷静下来。come down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (punish) (比喻，非正式用语)斥责，呵斥；惩罚，处罚The teacher came down on him for his repeated absence.come down on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (collapse)落到, 降落到, 坍塌到The bedroom ceiling came down on us during the hurricane.在龙卷风期间，我们的卧室屋顶塌了下来。come down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep (be essentially)归根结底是…What this strike comes down to is a failure to communicate with your staff.come down with [sth] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (fall ill) (比喻，非正式用语)染上…病，患…病I've just come down with a cold.我刚患上感冒。cool down vi phrasal (become less hot)冷却Give the cookies ten minutes to cool down.让饼干冷却十分钟。cool down vi phrasal figurative, informal (become less angry)冷静下来；平静下来It took Andy a while to cool down after the argument with his brother.安迪和他兄弟争执后，过了一会才冷静下来。cool down vi phrasal (slow pace to end exercise) (放慢节奏以结束运动)整理，休整It is important to spend five minutes cooling down after a vigorous exercise session.剧烈运动后休整五分钟很重要。cool [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (make less hot)使凉快下来；使冷却下来Ben took a cold shower to cool himself down after the race.比赛结束后，本冲了个冷水澡让自己冷却下来。copy [sth] down, copy down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (write [sth])把…记下来count down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep figurative (prepare for, anticipate [sth])为…作最后的准备As soon as one birthday is over, Tommy starts counting down to the next one.count down vi phrasal (count back to zero)倒计时；倒计数count [sth] down vtr phrasal insep (count backwards to event)倒计；倒数It was almost midnight on New Year's Eve; the crowd in Times Square was counting down the seconds.cow down vi phrasal US, informal (be intimidated)受威胁，被吓坏Jeff tried to intimidate me but I refused to cow down.cow down to [sb] vi phrasal + prep US, informal (be intimidated)威胁，恐吓I'm not going to cow down to her. She doesn't scare me!crack down vi phrasal informal (enforce laws)扫除； (法律等)执行The police will no longer tolerate public drunkenness; they're going to crack down.警方不会再容忍当众酗醉了，将采取措施应对。crack down on [sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (not tolerate)打击；制裁The principal is starting to crack down on unexcused absences.校长开始严厉打击无故旷课。crack down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (punish)惩治Every holiday, police set up checkpoints to crack down on drunk drivers.每逢节假日，警察都会设立检查站，以惩处酒驾司机。crouch down vi phrasal (squat, hunker)蹲下I crouched down to hide behind the low wall.cry [sb/sth] down, cry down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep dated (disparage)贬低；贬损cut down vi phrasal (reduce consumption)削减消耗；减少消耗If you can't give up smoking altogether, you should at least try to cut down.如果你不能彻底戒烟的话，那么也应该试着减少吸烟量。cut down on [sth] vi phrasal + prep (reduce, consume less of)削减对…的消耗；减少对…的消费It's hard to cut down on alcohol when my friends keep inviting me out for drinks.在朋友一直邀请我外出喝酒时，就很难减少对酒精的摄入。cut [sth] down, cut down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (reduce)削减；减少When the team decided to cut down their roster, everyone was upset.当队伍决定裁员时，每个人都很沮丧。cut [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (kill, strike down)杀死Many soldiers were cut down by enemy fire.由于敌军的炮火，许多士兵都被杀死了。damp [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (fire, etc.: smother) (火等)使…减弱；阻止die down vi phrasal (diminish, subside)逐渐变弱The shouting died down when the rock star began singing.当那名摇滚明星开始演唱时，喊叫声就逐渐变弱了。do [sb] down vtr phrasal sep UK, informal (criticize)批评…；指责…double down vi phrasal US (blackjack: double the bid) (二十一点扑克牌游戏)双倍下注The blackjack player took the risk of doubling down.double down vi phrasal mainly US, figurative (become more stubborn)加倍努力；变本加厉When criticized for his views, he doubled down and his remarks caused more outrage.当他的看法受到批评时，他反而变本加厉，其言论引起了更大的愤慨。double down on [sth] vi phrasal + prep mainly US, figurative (become more stubborn about [sth])在…上加倍努力；在...方面更加执着When the interviewer questioned her, she doubled down on her support for the President.采访者质疑她时，她更为坚定支持总统。drag [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (demoralize)使感到沮丧；使士气低落His attitude is dragging the rest of us down.drag [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (lower the status, reputation of)使（名声、地位等）下降Marrying that reprobate will certainly drag down her reputation.draw [sth] down, draw down [sth] vtr phrasal sep mainly US (military: reduce number of troops)撤军The army will gradually draw down the troops in the war-torn region this year.；draw [sth] down, draw down [sth] vtr phrasal sep mainly US (deplete: supplies) (物资)耗尽dress down vi phrasal (wear casual clothes)穿着休闲；穿得比平时随便We can dress down tonight because the wedding is going to be very informal.dress [sb] down vtr phrasal sep US, informal (scold) (非正式用语)责骂, 斥责dress [sb] down for [sth] vtr phrasal sep US, informal (scold)因...而斥责；因...而训斥dress [sb] down for doing [sth] vtr phrasal sep US, informal (scold)因...而斥责；因...而训斥My boss dressed me down for being rude to the client.drill down vi phrasal (bore a hole)钻drill down vi phrasal (computing: go to lower data level) (数据)细分；钻取drill down vi phrasal US, figurative (focus)集中精力；集中注意力Jack was carefree when he was younger and often skipped school, but during his last two years of high school, he really drilled down and did well.drill down through [sth] vi phrasal + prep (computing: go through lower data levels) (数据)钻取；细分drill down through [sth] vi phrasal + prep US, figurative (focus on)将注意力集中在…上；将精力集中在…上drink [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (beverage: finish quickly)把…一饮而尽，把…一口喝下I know the medicine tastes bad, but drink it down and then you can have some candy.drive [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (force to decrease)压低The current economic crisis will drive down house prices.drop down vi phrasal (computer menu: be displayed)下拉Click here and a list of options will drop down.单击这里，就能下拉出一个选项菜单。dumb down vi phrasal informal (present [sth] in less educated way) (非正式用语)简单化The news media these days is dumbing down, with more photos of celebrities than real news stories.近来的新闻媒体正逐步简单化，提供的名人的照片比实际新闻内容还多。dumb [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (present in less educated way) (非正式用语)把…简单化You may need to dumb down your presentation for this audience.为照顾这群听众，你可能需要将演讲内容简单化。dust [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (wipe clean)把灰尘从...上掸掉dust [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (use: [sth] neglected) (比喻)从箱底拿出；长期搁置后重新使用face [sth/sb] down, face down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (overcome by confronting)压倒；降服I faced down my attacker and he ran away.fall down vi phrasal (structure: collapse)垮塌The brick wall fell down.那面砖墙垮塌了。fall down vi phrasal (person: trip, slip)摔倒；滑倒Mike fell down and injured his back.麦克摔倒了，还伤到了他的背。fall down vi phrasal figurative (person: fail) (人)失败；没通过，不及格，挂科Many students fall down on this test task.许多学生都没有通过这次测验。fall down vi phrasal figurative ([sth]: not succeed) (事)失败Negotiations for broadcasting the game fell down over the issue of international TV rights.这场比赛的转播协商由于国际电视转播权的问题失败了。flag [sb/sth] down, flag down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (stop by signalling: taxi, etc.)给信号使停下；挥手拦车It's hard to flag down a taxi during the rush hour. Julie was lost and had no signal on her phone; she had to flag down a passing car to ask for help.在上下班高峰时段很难叫到一辆出租车。朱莉迷路了，手机也没信号，她不得不拦下一辆过路的汽车寻求帮助。flop down vi phrasal informal (lie, sit carelessly) (非正式用语)猛然躺下或坐下，一屁股坐下He flopped down on the couch to watch the television.force [sth] down, force down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (eat with difficulty)勉强吃下…force [sth] down, force down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (airplane: force to land) (飞机)使…迫降funnel down (into/through [sth]) vi phrasal (be channelled)灌入；导入；传导；输送gear down vi phrasal (put vehicle into lower gear)换慢档；减速Truck drivers gear down on a downhill slope to keep the truck from going too fast.gear [sth] down vtr phrasal sep US, figurative, informal (reduce, scale down)减弱, 降低With this economic crisis, we're going to have to gear down our business plans.由于经济危机，我们不得不放缓执行我们的商业计划。get down vi phrasal (from vehicle, horse)下来；下车；下马The truck driver got down from his cab to inspect the tires.卡车司机从驾驶室下来检查轮胎。get [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal (depress)使…沮丧；使…消沉Try not to let your exam results get you down.试着不要让你的考试成绩令你变得消沉。get [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (write [sth] down)写下；记下When inspiration strikes, get the idea down before you forget it.灵感来的时候，在忘记前赶快记下来。get [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (swallow [sth])吞下；咽下A glass of water will help you to get those pills down.喝一杯水可以帮助你吞下那些药片。get down vi phrasal slang (have fun, esp. dance) (尤其是跳舞)玩, 娱乐At the wedding, it was hilarious to see my dad getting down on the dance floor.在婚礼上，看到我爸在舞池里跳舞，真是太搞笑了。get down vi phrasal informal (leave the meal table)离开餐桌；下桌Mum, can I get down now, please? I can't eat any more.妈妈，我能离开餐桌了吗？我吃不下了。get down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep informal (start)开始；着手办理Let's get down to the important matter of choosing our new chairperson.让我们开始着手挑选新主席吧，这才是重要的事。go down vi phrasal (descend)下去Keep going down until you reach the foot of the mountain.一直往下走，直到山脚。go down [sth] vtr phrasal insep (stairs, hill: descend) (楼梯、山)下If you go down these stairs, you'll find yourself in the basement.下了这些楼梯后，你就到了地下室。go down vi phrasal figurative (prices: decrease)降价；价格下调The prices have gone down at this store.这家店的价格下降了。go down vi phrasal slang (give oral sex)口交She won't have sex with him but she does let him go down.她不会和他做爱，但却让他口交。go down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep slang (give oral sex)给…口交； (口交)给…吹箫Sandy enjoys it when her boyfriend goes down on her.桑迪喜欢她男朋友给她口交。go down vi phrasal slang (happen)发生I knew the second I entered the room that something was going down between Jon and Matt.我一走进房间就知道乔恩和马特之间发生了什么事。go down vi phrasal (sports: be defeated) (体育)被击败；失败The player went down to her opponent in straight sets.这位选手连输几局败给了对手。go down with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (be defeated with [sb/sth])与…一起被打败，与…一起被打倒If our company goes down, our subsidiaries will go down with us.如果我们的公司垮掉了，那我们旗下的子公司也会同我们一道破产。go down with [sth] vtr phrasal insep (become ill)因…而病倒；感染上；染上Roger went down with flu.罗杰染上了流感。gobble [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (eat hungrily)狼吞虎咽They gobbled down their dinner.grind [sth] down, grind down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (make into powder)磨碎The builder uses a power tool to grind down the stone.grind [sb] down, grind down [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (make weary or disheartened)压迫, 折磨The constant criticism from his partner was grinding him down.gun [sb] down vtr phrasal sep (shoot dead)击毙The victim was gunned down at short range.hammer [sth] down, hammer down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (UK, sell at a auction)拍卖出售hand [sth] down, hand down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (pass on to a successor)把…传下去；流传Before I die, I will hand down to you, my son, my entire estate.我的儿子，在我死之前，我会将王位传给你。hang down vi phrasal (droop, dangle)垂下；高悬The Halloween decorations were hanging down from the ceiling.haul [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (transport [sth] large to a place) (尤指大型物品)运送；运输；hold down [sth/sb], hold [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (restrain) (本义)把…按住让其不能动弹Hold his arms down so he'll stop hitting me!把他手臂按住，这样他就不能继续打我了！hold [sth/sb] down, hold down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (restrain or repress)压制；控制；限制I find it hard to hold down my anger when I see someone drop litter.看到有人乱扔垃圾时，我发现很难控制住自己的怒气。hold down [sth], hold [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (keep from losing)保住（工作等）I've been fired four times. I just can't hold down a job!我已经被开除过四次了，我就是保不住自己的工作！hold down [sth], hold [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (food: not eject as vomit) (食物等)忍住未吐出Though she still felt a little sick, Lisa managed to hold down her lunch.虽然仍然觉得有点不舒服，但丽莎还是忍住未将午饭吐出。hose [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (spray [sth] clean)用软管浇，淋；用软管冲洗Sailors hosed down the decks with seawater.hunker down vi phrasal (squat, crouch low)蹲坐；蹲hunker down vi phrasal figurative (settle in for a period of time)待着I like nothing better on a winter's evening than to hunker down in the armchair with a good book and a bottle of wine.hunt [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep (find criminal)搜寻；搜索；追捕The cop swore he would hunt down the murderer.那警察发誓一定要找到凶手。jot [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (write, make a note of)草草记下I'll just jot down the address.我就把地址记下来。keep [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (repress [sth])控制；抑制；压制；镇压The teacher asked the boys to keep the noise down.老师要求男孩子们小声点。keep [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (digest with difficulty)勉强吞下；勉强咽下；勉强吃下Although my stomach was upset, I kept my breakfast down.尽管我的肚子不舒服，不过我还是勉强吃下了早餐。kneel down vi phrasal (get onto one or both knees)跪下；下跪I dropped the coin and it rolled right under the cabinet - I had to kneel down and feel underneath to find it.kneel down vi phrasal (genuflect)跪下（祈祷等）Catholics kneel down often during Mass.knock [sth] down, knock down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (demolish)拆毁，摧毁，拆除The old office building was knocked down to make place for a new shopping mall.那栋老旧办公楼被拆除了，来给要新盖的商场腾地。knock [sth] down, knock down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (reduce the price of)压低…的价格，降价No one was buying anything so they decided to knock down the prices.没有人购买商品，所以他们决定降价。knock [sb] down, knock down [sb] vtr phrasal sep (pedestrian: hit with a vehicle)驾车撞倒The car knocked him down as he crossed the street.他过马路的时候被一辆车撞倒了。knock down [sth], knock [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (cause to fall to the ground)撞倒，推倒；拆毁The objective of bowling is to knock down as many pins as possible.打保龄球的目标就是要尽可能多地撞倒保龄球瓶。knuckle down vi phrasal slang (apply yourself to a task)努力You had better start knuckling down in school, or you'll never graduate.knuckle down to [sth] vi phrasal + prep slang (apply yourself)埋头工作；埋头苦干We don't have much time for this project. We'd better knuckle down to work.lash down vi phrasal (rain: fall heavily, forcefully)瓢泼而下；倾盆而下laugh [sb/sth] down, laugh down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (ridicule [sb/sth])嘲笑；嘲讽lay [sth] down, lay down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (surrender, give up: weapons) (武器等)放下；投降The President pleaded with the terrorists to lay down their arms.总统请求恐怖分子放下武器。lay [sth] down, lay down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (establish: law, rules, etc.) (法律，规则等)制定，规定Good parenting involves laying down clear rules.好的父母会设立明确的规则。lay down vi phrasal informal (recline, lie down)躺下I'm tired; I'm going to lay down on the bed for an hour.我累了，要在床上躺一个小时。let [sb] down, let down [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (disappoint, fail)使某人失望You had better get straight A's in school -- don't let me down!你最好在学校里得全A，别让我失望！let [sth] down, let down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (lower gradually)把…逐渐往下放The girl let down a rope and her boyfriend climbed up into her room.女孩放下一根绳子，让她的男朋友爬进了她的房间。let [sth] down, let down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (clothing: lengthen at hem) (衣服褶边)放长The seamstress let down the skirt so that it fell to just below Sally's knee.女裁缝把裙子放长，刚好落在莎莉的膝盖以下。let [sth] down, let [sth] down vtr phrasal sep UK (release air from: tire, etc) (轮胎等)放气When Jim's car would not start, he discovered that someone had let down his front tyres.吉姆的车发动不起来，他发现有人把他前轮胎的气放了。live [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (embarrassment: get over)通过努力让人们忘记自己的尴尬事His friends ensured that he could never live down the day he accidentally wore his sister's pants.load [sb/sth] down, load down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep often passive (make carry [sth] heavy)使承担重负；使负荷沉重The farmer loaded the donkey down.load [sb] down, load down [sb] vtr phrasal sep often passive (burden with problems, work, etc.)加以重负，加以重压；使负担过重My boss is always loading me down and then blaming me for not finishing my projects on time.lock [sth] down, lock down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (make secure)把…固定住；把…锁住Please securely lock down the skis on the roof rack.请将滑雪板牢牢地固定在车顶的行李架上。lock [sth] down, lock down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (restrict movement within area)封锁；封闭lock [sb] down, lock down [sb] vtr phrasal sep (restrict movement of people)禁止...活动；封禁look down vi phrasal (lower one's gaze)俯视；向下看；低下头Gary looked down in shame as the teacher told him off.当老师训斥盖里时，他羞愧地低下了头。look down on [sb], look down upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (feel superior to) (比喻)看不起，鄙视It is wrong to look down on people less fortunate than yourself.看不起不如自己幸运的人是错误的。look down on [sth], look down upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep figurative (consider inferior)看不上These were rich girls who looked down on cheap clothes.这些有钱女生看不起廉价的衣服。mark [sth] down, mark down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (give lower grade to)给…打低分The teacher marked my paper down because I misspelled so many words.mark [sth] down, mark down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (reduce price of)标低…的价格The store marked down the Christmas merchandise in January.mark [sth] down, mark down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (record, note)记下Mark down your dentist appointment on the calendar so you don't forget it!melt [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (substance)核反应堆核心熔毁Melt down used wax and pour it into molds to make new candles.melt down vi phrasal (nuclear power plant) (指核反应堆或核电站)熔毁After the accident, the nuclear plant began to melt down.melt down vi phrasal (emotionally) (精神或情绪)崩溃，失控Pete is melting down because he is under so much pressure at work.mow [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (pedestrian: knock over)撞倒, 撞翻She drove up onto the sidewalk and mowed him down with her car.mow [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (kill en masse)撂倒，杀死；大败（对手）Bank robbers mowed down the police with machine guns.nail [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (fasten with nails)用钉子把…钉牢I need to nail down a few loose boards in the flooring.nail [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (identify precisely)搞清楚；搞确实；确定We need to nail down exactly how much money was embezzeled by our accountant.narrow [sth] down, narrow down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (possibilities: limit)缩小...的范围Giving the police as detailed a description as you can of the mugger will narrow down their search.尽可能详细地向警方描述抢劫犯的样子，可以帮助警方缩小搜寻范围。note [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (write for reference)记录；记下Hold on, I'll just note that down.note down that vtr phrasal sep (with clause: write for reference)记下；记录I will note down that only notarised statements may be presented in court.pack [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (make [sth] more compact)压紧；压实Irene packed down the blanket so that it would fit in the drawer.page down vi phrasal (computing: move down a screen) (计算机)向下翻页pare [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (reduce to the essentials)削减，减少pass [sth] down vtr phrasal sep often passive (property, etc.: be bequeathed) (财物等)将...传下来My mother gave me a quilt that had been passed down over many generations.妈妈给了我一个通过好几代传下来的小被子。pass [sth] down vtr phrasal sep usually passive (genetic: be inherited) (基因)遗传The gene responsible for red hair has been passed down through Ron's family.红发的基因已经在罗恩的家族里遗传下来了。；pat [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (flatten with the hand)压扁；拍平pat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep (check for concealed items)搜身pay [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (make a down payment)付...的首付；为...支付头款pay down [sth], pay [sth] down vtr phrasal sep mainly US (partly pay off, pay back: debt)部分偿还...；为...部分还款pelt down vi phrasal (rain: fall hard) (雨)倾泻，倾盆而下pin [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (force to a decision, statement) (非正式用语)迫使某人明确表态；迫使某人做（决定）The reporters asked again and again whether he favored the bill, but they couldn't pin him down.记者们一遍又一遍地询问他是否赞成这项法案，但他们还是无法让他明确表态。pin [sb] down on [sth] vtr phrasal 3-part figurative, informal (force to a decision, statement) (非正式用语)迫使…就…明确表态；迫使…就…作出决定The interviewer struggled to pin the Prime Minister down on whether she planned to raise taxes.记者竭尽全力让首相表态是否计划增税。pin [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal, often passive (locate, identify) (非正式用语)确定；搞清楚There is a strange noise coming from somewhere in the room but I can't pin down the exact location.The exact time of Julia's disappearance cannot be pinned down.房间某处有一种奇怪的声音，但我无法找到确切的位置。//我们无法确定茱莉亚失踪的确切时间。piss down vi phrasal vulgar, slang (rain heavily)下大雨play [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (minimize significance of)贬低；淡化In my job interview I played down my previous failures and emphasized my successes.我面试时，淡化自己过去的失败，突出强调自己取得的成功。plump [sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (drop, place carelessly)随手放下...Marion plumped the shopping down on the kitchen worktop.plump down vi phrasal informal (fall, sit heavily)一屁股坐下；重重地坐下James plumped down on the sofa.pour down vi phrasal informal, figurative (rain heavily)下大雨, 倾盆大雨, 倾泻I hope you've got an umbrella, it's pouring down today!power [sth] down, power down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (computer: switch off) (电脑电源)关掉；中断…电源At the end of the working week, the computer should be powered down; you should also power it down during holidays.power down vi phrasal (computer: be switched off) (电脑等)关机；电源切断put [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal (disparage, speak ill of)蔑视, 贬低, 诽谤You shouldn't put him down like that.你不该那么贬低他。put [sth] down vtr phrasal sep euphemism (animal: kill as an act of mercy) (因不忍动物受苦而将其杀死)杀死The vet had to put our guinea pig down because she was very sick.兽医不得不将我们的天竺鼠杀死，因为她病得非常重。put [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (write, make note of)写下；记下I will put down that information in my notebook.我会把那些信息记在我的笔记本上。put [sb] down for [sth] vtr phrasal sep ([sb] promises to contribute [sth])记下…承诺捐赠So, can I put you down for a $20 donation this month? That's very generous of you. Can I put you down for £1,000?那么我能记下你这月准备捐款20美元？你真是太大方了。那我能记下你准备捐款1000英磅吗？put [sb/sth] down as [sth] vtr phrasal sep (consider [sb/sth] to be [sth])认为…是，把…看作quiet down vi phrasal informal (stop talking so loudly) (说话)小声一点，放低音量Please quiet down! I can't hear myself think over your chatter.quiet down vi phrasal informal (become less active)安静下来The shops always quiet down after the New Year.rain down vi phrasal (fall heavily and copiously)大量地落下来；倾盆而下ramp down vi phrasal (decrease effort, work)减少，减产，减量ramp down vi phrasal (bring project to a close)项目收尾ramp [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (effort, work: decrease, slow)减少，减低ramp [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (project: bring to a close) (项目)让…收尾，让…进入尾声ratchet [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (cause to decrease)使...降低；让...变少rattle [sth] down, rattle down [sth] vtr phrasal sep UK, informal (recite)背诵reduce [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (cookery: boil down)煮浓；熬浓Reduce the sauce down by simmering rapidly.render [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (reduce by melting)提取；熬成round [sth] down, round [sth] down to [sth] vtr phrasal sep (express as previous whole number) (数字)把…向下舍入The answer was 5.1, so I rounded it down to 5.rub [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (horse: clean away sweat, dust) (马)把…梳洗干净rub [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (rub thoroughly)擦遍run [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (disparage)贬低，诽谤Mark's girlfriend is always running him down; she never says anything nice about him.马克的女朋友总是贬低他，她从来没说过他的好话。run [sb/sth] down, run [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep (hit with a vehicle) (车辆)撞倒A man was injured when a car thief ran him down and sped off.偷车贼撞倒这个人之后迅速逃离，被撞的人也因此受伤。scale [sth] down, scale down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (reduce, downsize)按比例缩减scroll down vi phrasal (move cursor down the screen) (电脑屏幕光标)向下移动，向下滚动You can use the wheel on the mouse to scroll up and down the screen. The reason you can't see the image at the bottom of the document is because you haven't scrolled down enough.你可以通过鼠标上的滚轮键实现屏幕的上下滚动。图片在文件的底部，要一直滚动到最下面才能看到。scrub [sth/sb] down, scrub down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (clean thoroughly)清洗scrum down vi phrasal (rugby: form a scrum)形成争球send [sb] down, send down [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (law: sentence to prison) (俚语，法律)处以某人徒刑，把…送进监狱；送某人进大牢Johnno's been arrested again; he's going to get sent down this time for sure!乔诺又被逮捕了，他这次肯定要进监狱了！send [sb] down, send down [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK (expel from university) (从大学中)开除，劝退William's parents were furious when he was sent down for smoking cannabis.set [sth] down, set down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (place, put on a surface)放在；放置；放下She set down the book on a nearby table.她将书放在附近的一张桌子上。set [sth] down, set down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (put in writing)写下；记下If you set your thoughts down on paper first, it helps you to think about things more clearly.如果你能先把自己的想法写下来，这样就能更有条理地进进行思考。settle down vi phrasal (start to lead domesticated life)安顿下来；定居；过安定的生活I wanted to get married, but he wasn't ready to settle down.I travel too much for my job to settle down and raise a family.我想结婚，但他还没准备好安定下来。//为了工作，我经常出差，很难安顿下来成家。settle down vi phrasal (become stable)平息；停息A newly built house will often make noises as it settles down.新建的房子经常会发出响声，而后会平息下来。settle down vi phrasal (become calmer)平静下来Stop interrupting me, settle down, and I'll continue with my explanation.别打断我，冷静下来，我将继续解释。settle down vi phrasal (become comfortable: in chair, etc.) (在椅子上等)坐好Paul settled down in the armchair to enjoy the film.保罗在扶手椅上坐好，观赏那部电影。shake [sb] down, shake down [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang, chiefly US (extort money, blackmail)敲诈；勒索shake [sb/sth] down, shake down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep slang, chiefly US (search completely)彻底搜查；翻...个底朝天shake down vi phrasal (adapt to new situation)适应新环境shake down vtr phrasal insep chiefly US (ship, airplane: test)试飞；试航shoot [sth] down, shoot down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (aircraft: attack with gunfire)击落、We were ordered to shoot down the military aircraft.shoot [sb] down, shoot down [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (kill with gun)击毙The sheriff's posse shot down the outlaws as they tried to make their getaway.警长在歹徒试图逃跑时将他们击毙。shoot [sb/sth] down, shoot down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (discredit)击破…的论点；驳倒His idea was immediately shot down by the director.shout [sb] down vtr phrasal sep (speak more loudly than)大喊大叫以压倒；用喊叫声盖过Jennifer tried to talk at the convention but the delegates shouted her down.shut [sth] down, shut down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (close: business operation)关闭；停业I plan to shut down the business next month.我计划下月停业。shut down vi phrasal (cease to operate)关闭；停止运营Many shops have shut down due to the economic crisis.因为经济危机，许多商店都关门了。shut down vi phrasal (switch off a computer, machine, etc.)关机My work wasn't saved because I didn't shut down properly.我做的作业没有保存，因为我没有正常关机。shut [sth] down, shut down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (switch off: a machine, engine) (机器、发动机)关闭, 关掉Remember to log out of your user account before shutting down your computer.请记得关闭电脑前登出你的用户帐户。shut [sth] down, shut down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (switch off: a computer) (计算机)关闭To shut down your computer properly, do not simply use the power switch.为正常关闭电脑，请不要直接使用电源开关。shut down vi phrasal figurative, informal (refuse to listen)拒绝听Ed shuts down any time I try to talk to him about our money problems.每次我跟艾德谈钱的问题，他都不听。simmer down vi phrasal informal (become calmer) (非正式用语)放松，安静下来Please simmer down; you are over-excited.sink down vi phrasal (settle down)坐下She sank down into the old armchair and let out a contented sigh.sit down vi phrasal (seat yourself)坐着；坐下She asked me to sit down beside her.她要我在她身边坐下。sit down with [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (enter negotiations with)和…谈判In 1993 the Israelis sat down with the PLO in Oslo; the treaty was signed in Washington.slam [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (violently put down)摔掉；重重掷下Andy angrily slammed down the telephone receiver.slim down vi phrasal (lose weight)消瘦；减肥；变苗条I'll have to slim down if I ever want to get into that dress again!slim [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (reduce) (体重)减轻；缩减We're going to have to slim down the staff.slow down vi phrasal (reduce one's speed)慢下来，放慢速度；减速He slowed down as he came up to the junction.他在岔路口放慢了速度。slow [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (reduce speed of: [sb] or [sth])减慢；使…慢下来；使...放缓The economic crisis slowed down the hot housing market.金融危机放缓了过热房地产市场的劲头。slump down vi phrasal ([sb]: collapse)瘫坐，垮下来He slumped down wearily on the sofa.smooth [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (make flat and even)抚平；把…弄平整；拉平He smoothed down his shirt, trying to hide the creases.splash down vi phrasal (spacecraft: land in water) (宇宙飞船着陆于海上)溅落sponge off, sponge down vtr phrasal sep (clean with a sponge) (用海绵)擦洗stand down vi phrasal (resign) (从高位上)退下；下台I'd like to announce that I'm standing down as director of the company.我宣布，我将辞去公司的董事之职。stand down vi phrasal (witness: leave stand) (证人)退出证人席Once I finished giving my testimony, the judge told me I could stand down.我作证完，法官告诉我可以退出证人席。stand down vi phrasal (troops: go off duty) (部队)被撤下岗位After the military exercise, the soldiers were ordered to stand down.军事演习后，士兵们被命令撤下岗位。stare [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (look in the eye for longer)久久凝视；盯着step down vi phrasal (resign)辞职；下台The chairman of the committee decided to step down because of ill health.由于身体原因，委员会的主席决定辞职。stick [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (seal with an adhesive)把…粘在一起；粘住Nowadays you don't have to lick the edge of an envelope before you stick it down.strike [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (law, ruling: invalidate)取消（规定等）The Supreme Court struck down state segregation laws.strip down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (remove paint or wallpaper from)剥去油漆或墙纸strip [sth] down to [sth] vtr phrasal insep figurative (reduce: to essentials or basics)去芜存菁；使精炼In these economic hard times, many families have stripped their grocery budget down to a few staple items.strip down vi phrasal (remove one's clothes)脱光衣服I had to strip down to my underwear for my medical examination.take [sth] down, take down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (make a written note of)记下；记录The policeman took down his name and address and told him not to leave town.警察记下了他姓名和住址并告诉他别离开这个城市。take [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (reduce [sb]'s self-esteem)压下…的气焰Frank was a bit pompous at first, but the new teacher took him down a notch.弗兰克起初有些自负，不过新来的老师压下了他的气焰。take [sb] down, take down [sb] vtr phrasal sep (knock to the ground)击倒The boxer took his opponent down with one punch.拳击手一拳就将对手击倒了。talk down to [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (speak condescendingly to)以居高临下的口气跟…说话I hate it when my teacher talks down to me.我讨厌我的老师用居高临下的口气跟我说话。talk [sth] down, talk down [sth] vtr phrasal sep UK, figurative (speak disparagingly of)以居高临下的姿态讲话；批评，批判The politician spends a lot of time talking down his rival's policies, but not much talking about his own.这位政客花了许多时间来贬低对手的政策，但却很少谈论自己的政策。tear [sth] down, tear down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (dismantle, demolish)拆除，卸下The government must tear down several houses to build the highway.要修建高速公路，政府必须拆除好几栋房屋。tear [sth] down, tear down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (destroy)破坏，毁坏，摧毁His cutting remarks tore down her fragile self-esteem.他尖酸刻薄的评论摧毁了她脆弱的自尊心。tear [sb/sth] down, tear down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (criticize harshly)严责；强烈指责Bran's partner is always tearing him down; he should find someone kinder.布兰的伴侣总是在责备他，他应该找个对他更好的人。；thin down vi phrasal (become slimmer)变瘦She was trying to thin down but kept on eating potato chips every night.thin [sth] down, thin down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (make thinner)使…变瘦；使...稀释If you thin that whiskey down, you won't get drunk so fast.tone [sth] down, tone down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (make more subtle)缓和，柔和I toned down the photos because they were too bright.tone [sth] down, tone down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (subdue)缓和, 柔和touch down vi phrasal (plane: land) (飞机)降落The plane had to touch down in Dallas due to severe weather.touch down, touchdown vi phrasal (American football: score) (美式足球)触地得分，达阵track [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (locate, hunt for)追踪到；追查到；追捕The posse used bloodhounds to track down the fugitive.武装队用警犬追捕逃犯。track [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (find)找到；追踪到I'll see if I can track down that recipe for you.我看能不能帮你找到那份菜谱。trim [sth] down, trim down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (edit, cut length of)删减；裁减The author's publishers asked her to trim down her novel.trim down vi phrasal figurative (lose weight)消瘦；减重Philip has really trimmed down since he started that diet.turn [sth/sb] down, turn down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (decline, refuse)拒绝；回绝；婉谢The bank turned down my application for a loan.银行拒绝了我的贷款申请。turn [sth] down, turn down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (sound: reduce volume)关小…的音量；调小…的音量I wish you'd turn down that music!我希望你把音乐关小点声！vote [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (proposal: defeat)投票否决An overwhelming majority of committee members have voted the proposal down.walk down [sth] vtr phrasal insep (go along on foot)沿着…向下走Walk down Elm Street then turn left at the corner.沿着榆树街向下走，然后在拐角处左转。warm down vi phrasal (sports) (运动后)放松；舒展wash [sth] down, wash down [sth] vtr phrasal sep informal (food: accompany with a drink)伴着饮料吃下I need some milk to wash down these cookies.wash [sth] down, wash down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (clean thoroughly)冲洗Wash down the cutting board with hot water and plenty of soap to kill the bacteria.Since the water restrictions have gone into effect we will no longer be able to wash down the sidewalks on a daily basis.water down, water [sth] down, water down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (dilute) (本义)掺水于，用水把…冲淡；往...兑水I don't like this orange juice; it's too watered down!我不爱喝这款橙汁，它兑太多水了。water down, water [sth] down, water down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (make weaker)削弱；使减弱；弱化John's publishers advised him to water down his polemic.约翰的出版商建议他不要有太强烈的论辩。wave [sb/sth] down, wave down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (signal [sth/sb] to stop)挥手示意…停下wear down vi phrasal (be eroded)磨损，被损耗The heel of my right shoe wears down more than the left one.我右边鞋子的鞋跟的磨损程度比左边的严重。wear [sth] down vtr phrasal sep (erode)使磨损，使损耗，使磨坏She wore down the blade by using it so often.因为经常使用那把刀，她把刀锋都磨坏了。wear [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (tire into submission)磨得让人屈服The children's constant pleading for sweets wore me down, until I finally gave in and let them have some.孩子们一直恳求我给糖果，磨得让我屈服，最后我不得不放弃，给了他们一些。wear [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (exhaust)使疲劳，使疲惫不堪Her constant complaining wears me down.她持续不断的抱怨使我疲惫不堪。weigh [sb/sth] down, weigh down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep often passive (be heavy)令...承重；令...负重I was weighed down with all the shopping I did today.The weight of her rucksack weighed Sarah down.weigh [sb] down, weigh down [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (be a burden)使负担, 使心情沉重All this debt weighs me down, and I can't enjoy myself anymore.weight [sth] down, weight down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (hold down with a weight)使…负重whittle [sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (cut, reduce)削减；削弱；逐渐减少；逐渐降低wind down vi phrasal figurative (relax)放松After work I have a drink to wind down.下班后，我喝了一杯，放松一下。wind [sth] down, wind down [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (bring to gradual end)使…逐渐停止The company is winding down its operations in that part of the world.这家公司正在逐渐减少那个地区的业务。work [sth] down, work down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (negotiate lower price)议…的价；对...讨论降价After negotiating for fifteen minutes, Sam worked the price down to $200.write [sth] down, write down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (transcribe, put in writing)写下；记下That was a great idea! Let's find some paper and write it down. You should write the phone number down before you forget it.那真是个好点子！让我们找张纸把它写下来。你应该将那个电话号码写下来，以防忘记。write [sth] down, write down [sth] vtr phrasal sep (reduce value of asset)减记，划减；减少The company's assets were written down by $20m last year.去年，这家公司的资产缩水了2000万美元。 复合形式： a long way down adv (far below)远低于地It's a long way down from the top of the cliff. a long way down prep (a significant distance along)很长一段路；慢慢长路The climber fell a long way down the mountain, but luckily landed in deep snow. abseil down [sth] vi + prep (descend using a rope)绳降；绕绳下降Sharon abseiled down the side of a skyscraper to raise money for charity. batten down the hatches, batten the hatches v expr figurative (prepare defenses)未雨绸缪 be bogged down in/by [sth] v expr figurative (encumbered or oppressed) (比喻)陷入，被陷在The lawyer was bogged down in paper work. be down with the kids v expr informal (know about youth trends)跟上年轻一代的步伐；赶时髦Dad thinks he's down with the kids; it's so embarrassing! be turned down v expr (be rejected or refused)被拒绝He applied for a job as a flight attendant but was turned down. be washed down v expr figurative, informal (food: be accompanied by a drink) (食物)被灌下肚The chicken wings and potato skins were washed down with beer. be washed down v expr (be cleaned with water)被用水清洗After driving through all the mud, my car had to be washed down. blow [sth] down, blow down [sth] vtr + adv (wind: knock over)刮倒；吹倒The wind blew down our swing set and shade umbrella.狂风刮倒了我们的秋千架和遮阳伞。 blow me down interj informal (expressing amazement) (非正式用语，表示惊讶的感叹语)太惊人了！太厉害了！Well, blow me down! You won the lottery! bob, bob along, bob up and down vi used in compounds (move up and down: on water) (水面上)上下摆动，上下晃动The toy boat bobbed along on the surface of the lake. bog [sb] down in [sth] v expr figurative, usually passive, informal (person: mire in [sth])让...陷入；让...困在；让...淹溺在My boss is bogging me down in work! boil it down, boil it all down v expr figurative (reduce to essence)精简；压缩When you boil it all down, you have two choices: In or out. bowed down adj figurative (weighed down, oppressed)被压弯的；被压倒的Jack was bowed down by troubles after he lost his job.杰克在失去工作后，各种麻烦都压得他不能翻身。 break down and cry v expr (burst into tears)崩溃而哭Helen broke down and cried when she heard the sad news. break it down v expr figurative, informal (analyze the situation)分析情况；分解 break it down interj AU, slang (stop it)停止；停下来"Break it down, will ya?" said Alf. "I've had enough of your whingeing!" breakdown n (car, machine: failure) (汽车)抛锚； (机器)故障Mary had a breakdown on the way to work, which caused her to be late.玛丽的车在上班路上抛锚，导致她上班迟到。 breakdown n (chemical decomposition) (化学)分解In just a few days, the breakdown of the cell structure was apparent.短短几天，细胞结构的分解就变得非常明显。 breakdown n (mental collapse)心理崩溃，精神崩溃Apparently, Dr. Harris had a breakdown, so Dr. Watts is taking over his scheduled surgeries.很显然哈里斯医生心理崩溃了，所以瓦茨医生接手了安排给哈里斯医生的手术。 breakdown n (analysis into parts)细目分类，细目，分类分析A breakdown of the study, its findings, and its implications can be found on page 10.该研究的细目、研究结果及其影响可在第10页找到。 breakdown n (finance: itemization) (财务)逐条账目，分类细目The breakdown of the department's spending budget is shown in this graph.本图表显示了该部门支出预算的分类细目。 breakdown n (disrupted communication) (对话、谈判等)失败，破裂There's been a breakdown in negotiations between the two countries.两国之间的谈判破裂。 breaking down n (disintegration)破裂 breathe down [sb]'s neck v expr (monitor closely)监视；密切监控 breathe down [sb]'s neck v expr (be close behind [sb])逼近某人；对某人紧追不舍 bring down the house, bring the house down v expr (make audience laugh or cheer)掌声雷动；博得满堂喝彩 broken-down adj (dilapidated) (建筑物)破败不堪的，坍塌的The house was old and its broken-down roof was letting in the rain.房屋老旧，破败不堪的屋顶一直在漏雨。 bucket, bucket along [sth], bucket down [sth] vi + prep UK (travel quickly)沿着…快速前进；沿着…高速行进，沿着…高速行驶The car was bucketing along the road.车子沿着道路高速行驶。 burn down vi + adv (be destroyed by fire)被烧毁；被焚毁The factory burnt down in a fire that killed 11 workers.那间工厂在一场造成11名工人罹难的大火中被烧毁。 burn [sth] down vtr + adv (destroy by fire)烧毁；焚毁A fire burnt the hotel down.一场大火把那家酒店烧毁了。 burned-down, also UK: burnt-down adj (destroyed by fire)烧毁的The burned-down hotel is being rebuilt. button-down shirt n (has buttons on collar)领尖用领扣系上的衬衫He's always neatly dressed in a freshly-pressed suit and a button-down shirt. buttoned-down, button-down adj (shirt: with collar buttons) (衬衫)有衣领扣的 buttoned-down, button-down adj (shirt collar: with buttons) (衬衫领)有扣的 buttoned-down adj informal, figurative (conservative) (非正式用法)保守的，守旧的The new boss seems more buttoned-down than the old one. buy [sth] down, buy down [sth] vtr (rate: lower with a subsidy) (利率)买低备注: 住宅开发商或卖方会向放款人支付补助款，以买低购房者者的实际利率，从而降低他们的每月供款 Calm down! interj (don't panic)冷静！Calm down! The matter has been resolved.冷静！事情已经解决了。 chow down vi US, informal (eat)吃 chow down on [sth] vi + prep US, informal (eat [sth])吃… climb down [sth] vi + prep (descend by grasping) (登山等)下，爬下She managed to climb down the mountain to fetch help for her injured friend. climb down vi + adv (descend [sth] by grasping)爬下来If the cat climbed up the tree, I'm sure he can climb down. climbdown, climb-down n UK, figurative (retreat from an argument)让步；改变立场 closed down, closed-down adj (gone out of business)停止营业的；关门的备注: A hyphen is used when the adjective precedes the noun.They are going to open a clothing store on the site of that closed-down restaurant.他们将在那家关门的餐馆所在地开一家服装店。closedown, close-down n (cessation of work or business)停业The health and safety inspector ordered a complete closedown until the factory could be made safe.closing-down sale n (sale: stock clearance)清仓甩卖；停业大减价come down [sth] vi + prep (descend)从…下来；下An avalanche prevented them from coming down the mountain.雪崩致使他们无法下山。come down hard on [sb] v expr informal, figurative (punish)惩罚come down in price v expr informal (become less expensive)价格下跌That computer will come down in price when a faster model becomes available.come down on the side of [sb], come down on [sb]'s side v expr (choose to support)支持；站在...一边come down on the side of [sth] v expr (decide in favor of)赞成；赞同come down the pike v expr US, figurative (appear, emerge)出现；发生come down to earth v expr figurative (be realistic)回到现实中来He came down to earth with a real bump when he was forced to get his first job.cooling down n (slowing of pace to end exercise)结束运动；缓和运动Cooling down after exercise prevents injury.course down [sth] vi + prep (liquids: flow down)沿着…流下Tears were coursing down the cheeks of the mourners as they stood at the graveside.The waterfall coursed down the rocks into the pool below.哀悼者伫立在坟墓一旁，任凭泪水沿着脸颊流下。// 瀑布沿着岩壁飞流而下，汇进下方的水池。crash down vi + adv (collapse, fall)倒下；坍塌After they detonated the explosives, the old bridge crashed down into the ravine.cut [sth] down, cut down [sth] vtr + adv (tree: fell) (树)砍倒It's a pity that they cut down that old tree.很遗憾他们砍倒了那棵树。cut [sb/sth] down to size expr (criticize, find faults)揭穿...的底细；挫挫…的傲气Rick was cocky at first, but his new teammates cut him down to size.cut-down adj figurative (reduced in number)减少的，削减的cut-down adj figurative (reduced in size)缩小的cut-down adj (tree, etc.: severed and fallen) (树等)砍倒的deep down adv (inwardly or intimately)发自内心的；内心深处的She looks happy but deep down she is very lonely.她看起来很开心，不过内心深处却十分孤独。deep down in his heart adv (his conscience)在他的内心深处Deep down in his heart he knew what he had done was wrong.dip down vi + prep (land: slope downward) (地势)向下；下倾down at heel, down-at-heel adj figurative (shabby and worn)破烂的，破旧的备注: A hyphen is used when the adjective precedes the noundown at heel, down-at-heel adj figurative (person: dressed shabbily) (人)邋遢的，衣衫褴褛的down below adv figurative, informal (in Hell)在地狱They should send these evil people down below.down below adv euphemism (in the genital area)在下身Harry's been suffering from problems down below.down in the dumps, in the dumps expr figurative, informal (miserable)愁眉苦脸；闷闷不乐Kate has been down in the dumps since she failed her exam.down in the mouth, down-in-the-mouth adj informal (sad)垂头丧气的，沮丧的，闷闷不乐的down jacket n (jacket filled with feathers)羽绒夹克；羽绒服Jack was wearing a down jacket.be down on [sth/sb] v expr (dislike)不喜欢down on your luck expr (have bad luck)走霉运；运气不好down payment, downpayment n (sum paid in advance)预付订金；（分期付款的）首付When we bought a new car, we made a down payment of £1000 and paid the rest in instalments.买新车时，我们付了1000英镑的首付，剩余的我们采取分期付款的方式。down south, down South adv US (in Southern States)南下；去南方down south, down South adv UK (in Southern counties)在南方Jack's been living down south in Kent for many years now.down south adv (any country: in the south)在南方Down south in India is the ancient trading port of Cochin.Down the hatch! interj slang (drinks toast)走下船舱口；消失在舱口下Down the hatch, everybody!down the line, further down the line expr figurative, informal (in the future) (非正式用语)今后，以后down the line expr (to the next person or people)接下来的人；后继者；后来人down the road adv figurative, informal (in the future)将来，今后We're planning to have kids somewhere down the road, maybe in five years or so.down the road adv (further along the street)马路那头This is number 17 Main Street; number 25's down the road in that direction.down there adv (in that lower place)在下面I don't want to go down there; the basement looks scary!down there adv figurative, euphemism (in or to Hell)下地狱down there adv figurative, euphemism (in genital area)在生殖器部位down to earth, down-to-earth adj (sensible)通情达理的备注: Hyphens are used when the term is an adjective that precedes the nounMarilyn's a very down-to-earth person: she'll be a great asset in the coming crisis.玛丽琳是个十分通情达理的人，在即将到来的危机中，她肯定能有所作为。down to earth adv figurative (to reality)现实地，回归现实Telling her I was broke brought her quickly back down to earth and stopped her spending sprees.告诉她我破产了将她拉回了现实，她也不再疯狂地乱花钱了。down to luck adj informal (depends on chance)归功于运气；屏运气My win at chess was down to luck, rather than skill.It's down to luck now whether we get there on time.down to the wire expr figurative (close to the deadline)最后关头；最后一刻down tools vtr + npl UK (stop working as protest)停止工作以示罢工；罢工The factory workers have voted to down tools due to a pay dispute.down under adv informal (in, to Australia, New Zealand) (非正式用语)去澳大利亚或新西兰I'm moving to start a new life down under.我要去澳大利亚开始新生活。down with expr (+ noun: used to show disapproval)打倒Down with the king!be down with [sth] v expr slang (agree with)同意…down-and-out n informal (destitute person)落魄潦倒的人down-and-out, down and out adj informal (person: destitute)落魄的；贫困潦倒的When we met Rick again some years later, he was down-and-out and couldn't help us.down-home adj US, informal (simple, rural)淳朴的, 乡村的Down's n abbr, informal (Down syndrome)唐氏症；唐氏综合症备注: 由染色体异常引起的，先天性生长发育障碍Down's syndrome, also US: Down syndrome n (chromosome abnormality)唐氏综合征My brother was born with Down's syndrome.downmarket, down-market adj (area, etc.: low income)低端市场的；廉价市场的；低收入市场的Marion purchases houses in downmarket areas, then sells them after she renovates them.downmarket, down-market adj (mass-produced)低端的；低档的；面向大众的I prefer to shop at boutiques rather than buy downmarket clothing at box stores.downmarket, down-market adj (finance: cheaper, lower quality)低端市场Down-market goods represent 42% of the country's exports.downmarket, down-market adv (for mass consumption)大众消费地The company hopes to increase its sales by moving downmaket.downslope, down-slope adj (relating to a downward slope)下坡的downslope, down-slope adv (at, toward the lower part of a slope)下坡；dressing down n (casual clothes)穿便装；穿着轻松随便In many industries, dressing down is the new norm.dressing down, dressing-down n informal (reprimand)痛骂；厉声呵斥The teacher gave the children a dressing-down for having disobeyed the rules.drilldown menu, also UK: drill-down menu n (hierarchical list of options)下钻操作菜单；向下钻取菜单drop-down, dropdown adj (computer list: displayed when selected)下拉Select your country of residence from the drop-down list.drop-down list n (computing: options list)下拉式列表You can select accessories from a convenient drop-down list on our web site.drop-down menu n (computing: list of options) (计算机)下拉菜单duck down n (soft feathers of a duck)鸭绒duck down vi + adv (bend, crouch down)弯下身子；曲身face down adv (facing downwards)脸朝下；面朝下Place the document face down on the glass to scan it.After tripping over the roller skate, he found himself face down on the sidewalk.fasten [sth] down, fasten down [sth] vtr + adv (secure [sth])系牢；盖紧；固定feel down vi + adj informal (be sad)情绪低落, 沮丧Given what you experienced, it's only natural that you're feeling down. I feel down about not getting that job; I thought I really nailed the interview.基于你的经历，你感到沮丧是很正常的。没有得到那份工作，我感到很沮丧，我原本真的以为我的面试已十拿九稳了。fold down vi + adv (furniture: lower for use) (家具)放倒，放下Behind this wall panel is a bed that folds down at night.fold down vi + adv (furniture: become flat)折叠放平The seat backs fold down to create more room in the car.fold [sth] down, fold down [sth] vtr + adv (furniture: lower for use)折下On the plane, he folded down the arm rests and fastened his seat belt.fold-down adj (furniture: convertible) (家具)折叠的He put a fold-down craft table in the children's room.fold out, fold down vi + adv (unfold into [sth] larger)展开；伸展The couch folds out to make a bed.further down adv (lower)更低；更深According to what it says further down, you don't need to do anything yet.Many of the teams further down in the standings are losing money.get bogged down in/by [sth] v expr figurative, informal (stuck: in activity, etc.) (比喻)陷入I thought I would be able to leave early, but I got bogged down by paperwork.get bogged down v expr (stuck: in mud)陷入Once again, the car got bogged down in the mud.get bogged down in debt v expr informal (owe money)债务缠身；债台高筑Neil found himself getting bogged down in debt.get down on your knees v expr (kneel)下跪Before we went to bed we got down on our knees and prayed.睡前我们双膝跪地祈祷。get down on your knees v expr figurative (beg for [sth])苦苦哀求, 乞求If you want to borrow his precious car, you'll have to get down on your knees!如果你想借他那辆珍贵的汽车，你就得苦苦哀求！get down to brass tacks v expr figurative, informal (discuss essentials) (非正式用语)谈实质性问题，切入要提；切入正题Thank you all for coming to this emergency meeting; now, let's get down to brass tacks.get down to business, get down to work v expr (start now)进入正题；言归正传We need to get down to business if we hope to finish this today.glance down vi + adv (look briefly downwards)朝下看一眼；往下瞥一眼Sarah glanced down at the contents of her plate.萨拉往下瞥了一眼自己盘子里的东西。go down a storm v expr UK, informal (be enthusiastically received)深受欢迎；大获成功The magic act went down a storm with the kids.go down as [sth] v expr (be remembered as)作为，是，被视为That's going to go down as one of the greatest mistakes a politician has ever made.go down badly v expr informal, figurative (news: be unwelcome)下场糟糕；结局凄惨go down in history v expr (be remembered in future)载入史册；名垂青史go down the drain v expr figurative, informal (be wasted)泡汤；化为乌有；付诸东流A lot of the investors saw their entire life savings go down the drain.go down the drain v expr figurative, informal (be ruined)前功尽弃；毁于一旦It was tough to see the family business go down the drain.go down the pan v expr UK, slang, figurative (fail or go wrong)毁掉； (比喻义)泡汤All our holiday plans have gone down the pan.go down the toilet v expr figurative, informal (be lost, doomed)白白浪费；徒劳；前功尽弃go down well v expr informal, figurative (news: be welcome) (消息等)被顺利接受News of an increase in profits went down well with investors in the company.利润增加的消息让公司投资者很高兴。go down well v expr informal, figurative (performance: be enjoyed)受欢迎；受到好评The band were very good and they went down well with the fans.这支乐队很出色，受到歌迷的好评。ground down adj (exhausted)磨损的；疲惫不堪的gulp [sth] down vtr + adv (food, drink: swallow quickly)灌下，大口喝下；狼吞虎咽地吃I was so thirsty that I opened the fridge and started gulping down milk straight from the carton.gulp [sth] down vtr + adv (air: breathe in)大口吸（气）Avoid gulping down air with your food, and make sure you chew each mouthful thoroughly.hammer [sth] down, hammer down [sth] vtr + adv (nail, etc.: insert using hammer) (钉子等)用锤子敲，用锤子砸hammer [sth] down, hammer down [sth] vtr + adv figurative (plan: fix) (计划)确定，决定Before we buy the materials, let's hammer down a work schedule.hand-me-down n (used garment)旧衣物；二手衣物Bill became used to wearing his brother's hand-me-downs.hand-me-down n (used item)传下来的物品；二手旧物Mandy saved a lot of money on items for her baby thanks to hand-me-downs from her family.hand-me-down adj (second-hand)二手的；旧的Emma was given all her sister's hand-me-down clothes.handed down adj (bequeathed, passed on)传承的；世代流传的Most of the children were wearing handed-down clothes.hands down, hands-down adv (without a doubt)毫无疑问地This is hands down the best cake I have ever tasted.have [sth] down cold, also US: have [sth] down pat v expr US, informal (know, understand [sth] completely)完全了解，彻底明白She scored 100% on her Spanish test because she had the conjugations down cold.她对动词变形了解得非常透彻，所以在西班牙语考试中得了满分。have [sb] down cold v expr US, informal (understand [sb]'s character) (非正式用语)清楚…的品行；have [sth] down flat vtr US, Informal ([sth]: know or understand completely) (非正式用语)完全了解, 彻底明白After weeks of practice, she had the lyrics to the three most common songs down flat.hold down a job v expr (remain in employment)保住饭碗；保住工作After years of unemployment, John managed to hold down a job at the post office.I can never seem to hold down a job.hold the fort, also US: hold down the fort v expr figurative (be in charge temporarily)代管；临时负责I'll hold the fort while you go on your coffee break.hold-down, holddown n (building: hardware for plywood wall)压板，压具，夹爪hunker down vi US, figurative (prepare to endure, resist)认真准备以应付艰难的局面Any company that wants to survive this recession must hunker down, reduce costs and cut investment to the bare minimum.it's pouring down, it's pouring expr informal (it's raining heavily)下着瓢泼大雨, 下着倾盆大雨I'm not going to walk the dog right now, it's pouring down; I'll do it later on.jot [sth] down on [sth] v expr informal (write, make a note of)把…记在…上I jotted down his phone number on a scrap of paper.我把他的电话号码记在一张纸上。jump down vi + adv (leap off of [sth])跳下…，从…跳下来jump up and down v expr (bounce)上下跳，跳动If you jump up and down on the spot for one minute, you will probably end up out of breath.jump up and down v expr informal, figurative (be very excited)非常兴奋；欣喜若狂；暴跳如雷You should have seen her; she was jumping up and down with excitement.kick down vi + adv (vehicle: lower gear) (车辆)换低挡kick-down, kickdown n chiefly UK (vehicle: device to lower gear) (车辆)换低挡装置knockdown price, knock-down price n UK, informal (low cost, discounted price)最低价；折扣价This holiday season, our store will offer the best knockdown prices of the year.knocked down adj (hit and felled: by a vehicle, etc.)（被车）撞倒的；撞翻的The cyclist was knocked down by a car.knocked down adj (punched to the ground)被打倒的；被击倒的lash [sth] down, lash down [sth] vtr + adv (bind, fasten in place)捆紧；扎牢lay down the law v expr (enforce rules)制定法规My mom laid down the law; if I choose to smoke I can't live at home.lay down your life for [sb/sth] v expr (die for a cause)为...献出生命；为...拼上性命Some mothers would lay down their lives for their children.lead [sb] down the garden path, lead [sb] up the garden path v expr informal, figurative (deceive)欺骗；某人；使某人上当I never suspected he was just leading me down the garden path.let down adj (disappointed, failed)失望的；沮丧的She felt let down when no one came to her party.没人来参加她的聚会，她感到很失望。let down by [sb/sth] expr (disappointed, failed)因...而失望Alicia feels let down by her best friend, who always says she's too busy to spend time with her.艾丽西亚觉得让她最好的朋友失望了，因为她总是说她太忙了，没时间跟她一起。let your hair down v expr figurative (get comfortable and relax)放轻松，放松let-down, letdown n informal (disappointment)令人失望的事物；失望The bad news was a letdown.let-down, letdown n (release of breast milk)泌乳；乳汁分泌lie down vi + adv ([sb]: recline, prostrate self)躺下，平躺I'm very tired so I'm going to lie down.The man had to lie down on the table for the doctor to inspect his abdomen.我太累了，要去躺一会儿。 // 那个男人平躺在检查床上，让医生检查他的腹部。lie-down n informal (rest, nap)小睡；小憩Dad decided to have a lie-down after lunch.load [sb/sth] down with [sth], load down [sb/sth] with [sth] v expr often passive (make carry [sth] heavy) (通常指重物)使承担；使负担Lucy loaded her husband down with suitcases.load [sb] down with [sth] v expr figurative, often passive (burden with problems, work, etc.)加以...的重负，加以...的重压；使...的负担过重The manager loaded the staff down with work.look down on [sb/sth], look down upon [sb/sth] v expr (observe from high up)俯视；俯瞰From the top of the tower you can look down upon the whole city.从山顶上看，你可以俯瞰整个城市。look down your nose at [sb/sth] expr figurative (think yourself superior)看不起；轻视look [sb] up and down v expr (examine, scrutinize [sb])打量；上下打量low-down adj slang (base, sneaky)下贱的；狡猾的That low-down thief stole my wallet!那个下贱的贼偷了我的钱包！the lowdown, also UK: the low-down n informal (current information)真相，实情，内幕消息If you want the lowdown, ask Julie. She was at the meeting.如果你想了解实情，那你就去问朱莉。她正在参加这次会议。the lowdown on [sth], also UK: the low-down on [sth] n informal (current information)最新消息；内幕Here's the low-down on our upcoming merger.lying down adj (reclining, resting on one's back)躺倒；躺下I spent the afternoon lying down on the couch watching television.take [sth] lying down adj informal, figurative (not resisting or fighting back) (非正式用语)不作抵抗, 不作反击； (俚语, 比喻)躺平接受The worker refused to take his dismissal lying down, vowing to take his employer to court.marked-down adj (sold at a reduced price)降价的；减价的Tania bought the marked-down shoes for half their original price.money down n (down payment)首付款nailed down adj (fixed in place)钉住的nailed down adj figurative (scheduled)已确定安排的narrow [sth] down to [sth], narrow down [sth] to [sth] v expr (possibilities: limit to [sth])把范围缩小到；局限在When choosing a college, it is important to narrow down your options to only three or four colleges.选大学的时候，将你的选择范围缩小到三到四所大学非常重要。down for the count (US), out for the count (UK) adj (boxer: unconscious)被击倒读秒的, 被打晕的down for the count (US), out for the count (UK) adj informal, figurative (asleep)睡着的He's out for the count.pace up and down v expr (walk back and forth)来回踱步pared-down adj figurative (without unnecessary features)精简的，简化的The pared-down version of the software is much cheaper than the full version.；down pat (US), off pat (UK) adv (off by heart, memorized)记得非常清楚；了解透彻，烂熟于胸Allison didn't need any notes, as she had her speech down pat.艾莉森不需要任何笔记，因为她对自己的演讲内容已经烂熟于胸。pat down, pat-down n (search for concealed items)搜身检查paydown n US (type of debt reduction)部分还款pin [sb] down vtr + adv (hold on the ground)使…动弹不得The police officer wrestled the thief to the ground and pinned him down until backup arrived.警察把小偷摔倒在地，压制住他，等待后援到来。pinned down adj figurative (forced to decide)被迫决定的pipe down vi informal (stop talking, lower one's voice)安静下来We'd better pipe down or we'll wake the baby.pipe down! interj informal (Be quiet!)请安静！不许嚷嚷！Pipe down in there, or somebody is going to get a spanking!plaster [sth] down vtr + adv (cause to lie flat)抚平；弄平Colin plastered his hair down with Brylcreem.play down the importance of [sth] v expr (minimize significance of)降低…的重要性We are trying to play down the importance of standardized tests in our school.plop [sth] down vtr + adv informal (drop, place carelessly)随意扔下，随手放下plop down vi + adv informal (sit carelessly)一屁股坐下，随意坐下plop yourself down v expr informal (sit carelessly)一屁股坐下，随意坐下plunk [sth] down (US), plonk [sth] down (UK) vtr + adv informal (put down heavily)把…随意扔下，把…随意放下She plonked the keys down on the desk and fell wearily into the chair.press down vi + adv (apply pressure, depress [sth])压下；按下；向下按压To stop the car, put your foot on the brake and press down.pressed down adj (depressed, pushed in)按下去的；压下去的pull [sth] down, pull down [sth] vtr + adv (draw downwards)拉下I always pull down the shades at night.我总会在晚上拉下百叶窗。pull [sth] down, pull down [sth] vtr + adv (building: demolish) (建筑)拆毁，拆除They pulled down the old movie theater to make way for new houses.他们拆除了老电影院，腾出地方来建设新住宅。pull-down n (movies: film advancement) (电影)抓片pull-down adj (furniture: made to be pulled down) (家具)下拉式的pull-down adj (computing: shown below an icon) (电脑)下拉的push down vi + adv (apply pressure)按下；向下按Push down on the table leaf to fold it out of the way.将桌叶向下按来将桌子折叠以免挡道。push [sth] down vtr + adv (press downwards)按Push the lever down to start the pump.按下杠杆来启动泵。push [sb/sth] down vtr + adv (cause to fall)推倒The cows pushed down the fence to get to the grass.奶牛们踩倒了篱笆，去到外面吃草。push [sth] down vtr + adv (hold down by pressing)向下压，向下按I'll push the branch down while you climb over it.我来按住树枝，你爬过去。put [sth/sb] down vtr + adv (place on surface)把…放下Patsy put her pens down on the desk.The child's mother put him down and he ran off to play on the swings.帕齐把笔放在桌上。//那个孩子的妈妈将他放下，他便跑去荡秋千了。put [sth] down to [sth] v expr UK, informal (consider as reason) (书面)归因于，归结为；是因为Sharon never speaks to me; I put it down to shyness.莎伦从不跟我说话，我把这归因于她的腼腆害羞。put down roots v expr (settle: in a place)在某地扎根；定居；安居After years of wandering, we've finally put down roots in this area.put [sth] down to [sth] v expr (ascribe to)归因于Jake's parents put his mood swings down to him being a teenager.put your foot down v expr informal (accelerate, drive faster)加速；踩油门If you put your foot down, we can get through the lights before they turn red.put your foot down v expr informal, figurative (insist on [sth])坚持I had to put my foot down and tell him I wouldn't lie for him again.putdown, put-down n informal (insult, disparaging remark)奚落, 贬低ram [sth] down [sb]'s throat v expr figurative, informal (force, impose)强迫（某人）接受；把（观点等）强加于人I wish they'd stop ramming their ideas down our throats.ratchet [sth] down vtr + prep figurative (decrease [sth])减少..., 降低...reach down vi + prep (extend arm downward)向下伸出手Greg reached down to give the little girl a flower.ride [sb/sth] down, ride down [sb/sth] vtr + adv (trample under hooves) (指被马)踩踏，践踏ride [sb] down, ride down [sb] vtr + adv (catch up with)赶上；追上ride [sth] down, ride down [sth] vtr + adv (nautical: bear down on rope) 没有提供翻译 roll down [sth] vi + prep (droplet: move downwards) (如泪珠)从…掉落，从…滚滚而下A tear rolled down the little girl's cheek.一滴眼泪从小女孩的脸颊上掉落。roll down [sth] vi + prep (move down a slope)从…滚下来The marble rolled down the ramp.那颗弹珠从斜坡上滚下来。roll [sth] down [sth] vtr + prep (push down a slope)将…滚下去Dan rolled the ball down the hill.丹将球从小山上滚下去。roll [sth] down, roll down [sth] vtr + adv (open: car window) (指将车窗等)摇下Estelle rolled down the car window.爱斯特尔摇下了车窗。roll [sth] down, roll down [sth] vtr + adv (close: window shade) (指将百叶窗等)关闭, 关上Barbara rolled down the window shade.芭芭拉关上了遮光窗帘。roll down n (economy: lower strike price option) (期权)趋低滚动备注: 按约定价平仓的同时以更低的价格就同一标的物开立新的期权。rub [sb/sth] down with [sth] v expr (rub thoroughly with [sth])用…擦遍rubdown (US), rub-down (UK) n (body massage)按摩rubdown (US), rub-down (UK) n (act of buffing or cleaning)磨光run down, run-down adj informal (decrepit, dilapidated)破旧的；衰败的备注: A hyphen is used when the adjective precedes the noun.The shack by the river was old and run down.河边的小屋破旧不堪。run down, run-down adj informal (person: exhausted)精疲力竭的；精疲力尽的备注: A hyphen is used when the adjective precedes the noun.Well, Doctor, I've been feeling listless and run down recently.嗯，医生，我最近一直无精打采，身体很疲惫。rundown, run-down n informal (summary)概要；纲要George asked his assistant for a rundown before the meeting.rundown, run-down n (company: decrease in productivity) (公司)削减, 减产Decreased sales have lead to a rundown in the company.销售下降，导致公司减产。scaled-down adj (reduced in number)数量减少的scaled-down adj (reduced in reach)缩短的，规模变小的scaled-down adj (reduced in intensity)减弱的sell [sb] down the river v expr figurative (betray)背叛某人；背弃某人shakedown, shake-down n US, slang (extortion, esp. blackmail)敲诈，恐吓，勒索，讹诈These allegations are nothing but a shakedown.shakedown, shake-down n US (police, prison: thorough search)彻底搜索；彻底搜查During the shakedown, the police found an improvised knife in the prisoner's cell.shakedown, shake-down n US (initial trial and adjustments)新工艺试验；试航；试运行The ship's shakedown went smoothly and very few adjustments were necessary.shakedown, shake-down n as adj US (done as trial, preparatory to regular use)试航的；试运行的We're taking the new RV out on a short shakedown trip this weekend; would you like to come along?shakedown, shake-down n US (major reorganization)整顿；调整The shakedown of the company caused its stock prices to plummet.shakedown, shake-down n (makeshift bed)临时床铺I don't have much room, but I can prepare a shakedown for you in the living room if you want to stay the night.shut it down v expr (business, etc.: force it to close)迫使其停产；将其关闭For lack of sales he had to shut it down.shut it down vi (computer, etc.: switch it off)关闭电脑Be sure to shut it down before you leave the office.simmer down! interj figurative, informal (calm down, be quiet)平静下来！Simmer down! - you'll wake grandpa up!sit down at the table v expr (take a seat at mealtime)在餐桌前就坐, 准备就餐Dinner's almost ready – will you all please come and sit down at the table.sit down at the table v expr figurative (enter negotiations)在谈判桌前就坐, 准备开始谈判We will sit down at the table later in the week to discuss terms.sit-down n UK, informal (rest)坐下休息I'm worn out after mowing the lawn; I think I'll have a sit-down before I start making dinner.sit-down adj (meal: eaten sitting down)坐下来吃的Audrey always tries to have a proper sit-down lunch, instead of just grabbing a sandwich and eating it standing by the kitchen counter.sit-down adj (restaurant: dine-in) (餐厅)有侍者送餐饭上餐桌的I'm tired of being on the road; let's stop at a sit-down restaurant instead of going to a drive-through.sit-down dinner n (formal meal)正餐，正式宴会sit-down strike n (protest: employees refuse to leave)静坐罢工slam [sth], slam [sth] down vtr (put down forcefully)使劲扔；用力扔；砰地放下Ursula slammed the book on the table.slip down vi + prep (slide downward)滑落；滑下slip down vi + prep (in a ranking, etc.: drop in position) (排行等)下跌，下降；下滑slope down vi + adv (have a downhill slant)向下倾斜slowdown, slow-down n (decline in pace)减速，下降There's been a slowdown in the rate of infection.slowdown, slow-down n (decline in activity)放缓，下滑，下行The cause of the economic slowdown is unknown.slowdown, slow-down n US (deliberate slowing of work pace)怠工The workers organized a slowdown when management refused to listen to their demands.slowing down n (deceleration)慢下来splashdown, splash-down n (landing on water)水上降落stamp [sth] down, stamp down [sth] vtr + adv (compress with foot)把...踩平；把...踩扁stand-down n (ceasefire)停火，停战stand-down n (military: relaxation after alert) (士兵)休整期stand-down n (work stoppage)停工stand-down n (resignation from job)下台；辞职stand-down n (troops: going off duty) (部队)休整stop down v + adv (photography: reduce the aperture) (摄影)收缩光圈strap [sth] down vtr + adv (secure with straps) (物)用绳子固定The driver put the cases onto the roof rack and strapped them down.strap [sb] down vtr + adv (restrain with straps) (人)用绳子固定The doctors strapped the patient down to keep him still.strike [sb] down vtr + adv literary, figurative (afflict, kill) (疾病等)击垮，摧毁He was struck down tragically in the prime of life.strike [sb] down vtr + adv (person: knock to ground)击倒；撞倒A soldier struck Aelfric down with his sword.stripped-down, stripped down adj figurative, informal (sparse or minimalist)极简的；朴素的备注: A hyphen is used when the adjective precedes the noun.Carol was aiming for a more stripped-down lifestyle; one that was cheaper and more environmentally friendly.struck down adj (afflicted by an illness)被疾病打倒的I couldn't come to work because I was struck down with a cold.suit [sb] down to the ground v expr informal (be ideal)非常适合；对...很理想swipe down vi + adv (drag finger down screen) (用手指在屏幕上)向下滑动swoop, swoop on, swoop down, swoop down on vi (bird: fly down on prey) (鸟：以捕食)俯冲The eagle swooped down on the rabbit.老鹰向下俯冲，捕捉兔子。swoop, swoop in, swoop in on, swoop down, swoop down on vi (attacker, etc: move in)忽然搜查；突然袭击；忽然来到The Apaches swooped in on the camp while we were sleeping.正当我们熟睡时，阿帕奇人闯进了营地。tack [sth] down, tack down [sth] vtr + adv (affix with tacks)钉住，钉牢take [sth] down, take down [sth] vtr + adv (disassemble, dismantle)拆卸；拆除The campers took the tent down and packed it away in the car.露营人员拆卸下帐篷，并将其打包好放进了车里。takedown, take-down n (act of taking down)拆下；拆卸takedown, take-down, takeout, take-out n (finance: takeout mortgage)承接贷款takedown, take-down n (gun that can be taken apart)组装枪takedown, take-down n (takedown gun: point of separation) (组装枪)拆装点takedown, take-down n (wrestling move) (摔跤)摔倒对手的动作；摔倒takedown, take-down n informal (humiliation of [sb])羞辱；贬低takedown, take-down adj (can be easily taken apart)可拆卸的takedown, take-down adj (finance: relating to a takeout mortgage)承接贷款的talk [sb] down from [sth] v expr figurative (dissuade from)说服The King's advisors tried to talk him down from his anger.国王的顾问们试图说服他平息怒火。；tearing down n (demolition, dismantling)拆除；卸下The tearing down of the hotel's unstable remains after the fire is expected to take several months.throw [sth] down, throw down [sth] vtr + adv (toss downward)丢下；扔下；掷下The tennis player angrily threw down his racquet when he lost the game.throw down, throwdown, throw-down n (competition)竞赛；比赛；决斗In next week's throwdown, up to one hundred graffiti artists will be competing to win the $100,000 first prize.throw down the gauntlet v expr figurative (issue a challenge)发出挑战；下战书The boss threw down the gauntlet by doubling the sales targets for the month.thumbs down, thumbs-down n (gesture)大拇指向下thumbs down, thumbs-down n figurative, informal (expression of disapproval)鄙视；差评Critics gave the film the thumbs down.tie [sth] down vtr + adv (fasten with rope)用绳子将…捆好, 系紧tie [sb] down vtr + adv figurative (restrain, restrict [sb])限制tied down adj informal, figurative (by a partner, family)连累的tied down adj informal, figurative (with duties)牵累的，束缚的Since I retired I am no longer tied down by a work schedule, so I can travel more.toned-down, toned down adj figurative, informal (subdued, made more subtle)缓和下来的；温和下来的备注: A hyphen is used when the adjective precedes the noun.The toned-down report wasn't as strong as the original.He was very toned down and hardly said a word.top-down, top down adj (hierarchical: working downwards)自上而下的；自顶而下的；由上而下的The corporation did a top-down restructuring.torn down, torn-down adj (structure: demolished) (建筑物)被拆毁的备注: A hyphen is used when the term precedes the noun.The streets of torn-down houses gave way to shiny new tower blocks.torn off, torn-down adj (detached by ripping)撕下；撕掉备注: A hyphen is used when the term precedes the noun.Emily put the torn-off strip from the bottom of the bill in an envelope with a cheque.torn out, torn-down adj (detached by ripping)撕下；撕掉备注: A hyphen is used when the term precedes the noun.Oliver threw the torn-out pages from the magazine in the bin.touchdown n (plane, spacecraft: landing) (飞机等)着陆，降落The pilot's touchdown was surprisingly smooth in spite of the strong winds.touchdown n (American football: goal) (橄榄球)触地得分Gregory scored his first touchdown against the Tigers today!trade down vi + adv (exchange for [sth] of lower value)用高价物品交换低价物品trample [sth] down vtr + adv (damage by treading on)践踏，踩坏trample [sth] down vtr + adv figurative (quash, quell)镇压trickle down vi + adv (economics: work from top down) (利益在从富裕阶层往下传递)渗漏Liberal economists believe that if you allow the top tier of society to become very rich, wealth will trickle down to the lower tiers and everyone will become richer.tumble down vi + adv (collapse, fall)坍塌；垮塌The house had not been maintained for years and it was tumbling down around us.turn [sth] down, turn down [sth] vtr + adv (reduce by turning a knob)转动旋钮降低；降低；减小The chef turned the heat down under the pan and let it simmer.厨师将锅下的热度调小，让它慢炖。turn [sth] down, turn down [sth] vtr + adv (fold back: blankets on bed) (毛毯、床单等)将...折过来, 翻折The hotel cleaner had turned down the sheets and left a chocolate on the pillow.酒店清洁人员将床单折叠好，并将一块巧克力放在枕头上。turn [sth] upside down, turn [sth] upside-down v expr (invert)倒转，使…倒置，颠倒I turned my bag upside down and shook the contents onto the floor, hoping to find my keys.我颠倒自己的包，将包里的东西倒到地上，希望能找到自己的钥匙。turn [sth] upside down, turn [sth] upside-down v expr figurative (rummage through roughly)把…翻得乱七八糟The house was turned upside down as the burglars searched for valuable items.turn [sth] upside down, turn [sth] upside-down v expr figurative (change dramatically) (比喻)使…翻天覆地，（生活等发生巨大变化）完全颠倒…The terrible news turned his world upside down.turn upside down, turn upside-down vi + adv (be inverted)倒置, 倒过来Aleesha felt sick as the roller coaster turned upside down.up and down adj figurative (fluctuating)上上下下的；起起伏伏的Over the last two weeks, Tania's internet connection has been up and down; sometimes it works, but more often it doesn't.The weather has been really up and down lately; snow one day and blue skies and sunshine the next.up-and-down adj (moving up and down)上下起伏的upside down, upside-down adj (the wrong way up)颠倒的；倒置的；翻转的The painting on the wall is upside down.墙上的画挂反了。upside down, upside-down adj figurative (muddled, in chaos)混乱的Krishnan's life is upside down since his wife died.妻子死后，克里斯南的生活变得一团糟。upside down, upside-down adv (the wrong way up)上下颠倒；倒置地Did you know you've hung that painting upside down?你知道你把那幅画挂反了吗？upside down adv figurative (into chaos)混乱地My sister's accident threw our lives upside down.我姐妹的事故让我们的生活变得一团糟。waist-down adj (from the waist downwards)下半身的The accident left him with waist-down paralysis.walk down the aisle, go down the aisle v expr (get married)结婚walk [sb] down the aisle v expr (lead bride to altar)领着新娘走向舞台On her wedding day, Joanna's father walked her down the aisle.watered-down adj literal (diluted)用水稀释的watered-down adj figurative (weakened, made milder)减弱的；缓和的way down adv (deep)深深地They drilled a well way down into the ground.way down adv (very low)非常低地For some reason our sales are way down.weighed down adj figurative (burdened by [sth])负担沉重的；心情沉重的Harry's feelings of guilt made him feel weighed down.when the chips are down adv informal, figurative (in a difficult situation) (非正式用语，比喻)最后，结果，尘埃落定When the chips are down, are you brave enough to keep going?whittle [sth] down to [sth] v expr figurative (cut, reduce to [sth])将...削减至；将...削弱至；将...逐渐减少至；将...逐渐降低至win hands down v expr figurative, informal (be outright winner)轻松赢得We knew that our team would win the game hands down.wind down vi + adv (run out of power) (因发条松掉失去动力)越走越慢, 慢慢停下Geoffrey's pocket watch had wound down and was telling the wrong time.杰弗里的怀表越走越慢，走错了时间。winnow [sth] down to [sth] v expr (leave only what is desirable)选择Elsa looked at all the available courses and finally winnowed her choices down to two universities.wipe [sth] down, wipe down [sth] v expr (clean by rubbing)擦干wolf [sth] down, wolf down [sth] vtr + adv informal (eat hungrily or greedily)狼吞虎咽地吃He wolfed down the cheeseburger as if he hadn't eaten in a month.worn-down adj (eroded) (岩石)风化的；腐蚀的Jeremy gazed at the worn-down rock of the cliffs along the beach.worn-down adj figurative (exhausted, reduced to submission) (比喻)精疲力尽的，累垮的A worn-down old woman asked me for money.write-down n (business asset: reduction in value) (商业资产)减值write-down n (procedure of making a write-down)减记 |
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