| 词汇 | sb |
| 释义 | sb 主要翻译 [sb] pron written, abbreviation (somebody)某人 动词短语 advance upon [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (invade, move in to attack)入侵The swarm of killer bees advanced upon the unsuspecting cow that was grazing in the pasture. advert to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep formal (make reference to)提到；论及 advert to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep formal (turn your attention to)注意到The committee adverted to the second item on their agenda.委员会注意到了他们议程上的第二项。；agree with [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (be good for digestion)有利消化备注: Usually used in the negativeSpicy food does not agree with me. allude to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (make reference to)提及；提到He alluded to his predecessor's scandals without mentioning them directly.answer [sb] back vtr phrasal sep informal (reply impudently)对…顶嘴；向…还嘴If she gets bossy, answer her back.如果她对你蛮横，你可以顶回去。answer [sb] back vtr phrasal sep informal (respond)回答，应答I left a message for him but he hasn't answered me back.我给他留了消息，但是他没有回复我。ask after [sb] vtr phrasal insep (enquire about health of: [sb])问候；向…问好I ran into your old friends Vicki and Peter yesterday, and they asked after you.ask [sb] back vtr phrasal sep (invite [sb] to return)让…回来；要…回来The panel asked the candidate back for a second interview.ask [sb] back vtr phrasal sep UK (invite back to home)邀请…到家里ask [sb] in vtr phrasal insep (invite to enter)请…进来ask [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (invite on a date)邀请…一起约会He asked her out.他邀请她一起约会。ask [sb] round vtr phrasal sep UK (invite to [sb]'s house)请…来家associate with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (keep the company of)与…打交道；和…来往；联系I don't want you to associate with him; he's not good for you.；back over [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (vehicle: run over in reverse)倒车撞倒Oh no! I think I just backed over my son's bike.back [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (support) (某人的说法，某人的话)证实Go ahead and tell the boss just what happened; I'll back you up on it.去吧，直接告诉老板发生了什么事，我会支持你的。bail [sb] out, bail out [sb], also UK: bale [sb] out, bale out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (help with money) (某人)出资帮助…摆脱困境A relative bailed Ian out with a loan.一位亲戚出钱帮助兰还了贷款。bail [sb] out, bail out [sb], also UK: bale [sb] out, bale out [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (rescue)保释；帮助…摆脱难关；帮助…脱离困境You can't expect your big brother to bail you out whenever you have a problem.你不能总是指望任何时候出了问题都由你哥哥帮你摆脱困境。bail out on [sb], UK: bale out on [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal, figurative (abandon: [sb])放弃；抛弃James bailed out on Chris and left him to do all the work on his own.bang [sb] up vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (put in prison)把…关进监狱He got banged up for robbing the local liquor store.barge in on [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (interrupt [sb]) (对人)打扰She barged in on me while I was getting dressed!bawl [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang (shout at, reprimand)训斥The sergeant was bawling out one of the new recruits.beam [sb/sth] up, beam up [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep informal (science fiction: transport) (科幻)传送…bear down on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (push, press on)用力压在…上；加压力于Bear down on the pen to make clear carbon copies.bear down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (weigh heavily upon)沉重地压在…心头；让...难以承受Emma felt the full weight of her financial worries bearing down on her.bear down on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep UK (rush towards)冲向，撞向The truck came bearing down on the brothers as they were crossing the street.bear down on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (approach threateningly)气势汹汹地向…进逼The man was bearing down on Jim along the path.bear out [sb], bear [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (support: [sb]'s assertion) (某人的说法，看法，观点)证实，印证，证明He said it was a job for younger men, and the statistics bear him out.他说这是年轻人的工作，统计数据也证实了他的观点。bear with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (be patient)对…耐心点；对…有耐心I asked them to bear with me while I checked the details of their booking.当我检查他们预订的详细信息时，我请他们耐心等待。beat [sth/sb] back, beat back [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (push, repel)击退We were able to beat back the flames before they reached the house.beat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (negotiate lower price from)杀价；还价；砍价Amy beat the seller down to £20 for the vase.艾米还价到20欧元从买下花瓶。beat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (demoralize)使…受挫；使…泄气Doris admitted that life was beating her down.多丽斯承认生活把她打倒了。beat [sb] off, beat off [sb] vtr phrasal sep vulgar, slang (masturbate)为...手淫She was beating him off.beat out [sb], beat [sb] out vtr phrasal sep US, informal (outdo competitor)把…击败；把…比下去The other team beat us out for the championship.beat [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (assault)痛打；暴打A group of youths beat Henry up.一群年轻人暴打了亨利一顿。；become of [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (happen to [sb], [sth])境遇（如何）；出了（何事）Whatever became of Joe Hill? Do you know where he is now?bed [sb] down vtr phrasal sep (provide bed for)为…提供住宿；给…安排住宿；安排…睡下Emily fed, bathed, and bedded down the children.bed [sb] in vtr phrasal sep (make settled)让...安顿下来；让...适应The coach took several months to bed the team's young defender in.believe in [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (think real)对…信以为真；相信…的存在Even though she's ten, she still believes in fairies.即使她十岁了，她还是相信精灵的存在。believe in [sb] vtr phrasal insep (think capable) (人)信任； (人)相信I believe in the new prime minister.我相信这位新首相。belong to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (be owned: by [sb])成为…的一员；属于This pen belongs to me.这支笔是我的。bid against [sb] vtr phrasal insep (make a competing offer against)与...竞标；抬价竞标；big [sb] up vtr phrasal sep slang (express admiration)向…致敬bind [sb] out, bind out [sb] vtr phrasal sep archaic, often passive (bind: employ as an apprentice)订立契约当学徒；订立合约学手艺The boy's parents bound him out to a cobbler to learn a trade.bliss [sb] out, bliss out [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (produce bliss in [sb])使…幸福无比；使…飘飘欲仙blow [sb] away, blow away [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (impress greatly)给…留下深刻印象The candidate blew her interviewer away.那位竞聘者给面试官们留下了深刻印象。blow [sb] away, blow away [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (kill by shooting)射杀；枪杀The gunman blew away his victim from close range.枪手将他的牺牲者近距离射杀了。blow [sb] away, blow away [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (thoroughly defeat)大败；彻底战胜The first time he ran, he blew away the competition and came home with a gold medal.他的首跑就彻底战胜对手，收获了一枚金牌回家。blow kisses at [sb] vtr phrasal sep (kiss hand and blow)冲…飞吻blow [sb/sth] off vtr phrasal sep slang (reject or ignore) (俚语)赶走；拒绝；无视I smiled at Rita and said hi, but she blew me off; maybe she didn't recognise me.我朝丽塔微笑并打了招呼，但她却将我赶走，可能她没有认出我。blow [sb] out vtr phrasal sep UK, slang, figurative (reject) (俚语)拒绝A well-known movie star spent the night chasing after her, but she blew him out.一位知名影星花了一整晚追求她，不过遭到了她的拒绝。board out [sb], board [sb] out vtr phrasal sep UK, dated (child: send to a foster family)送...去寄养家庭board out [sb], board [sb] out vtr phrasal sep mainly UK (military: discharge on medical grounds)因病退伍bog [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative, usually passive, informal (person: hinder, burden)使...陷入困境，使...陷入停滞；阻碍，阻挠Work is really bogging me down lately.最近，工作真的让我停滞不前。bolster [sb] up, bolster up [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (support [sb])支持；辅助bomb out [sb], bomb [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (leave [sb] homeless by bombing their home) (使其无家可归)炸毁…的家boo [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (performer: jeer from stage)喝倒彩；把…哄下舞台The audience booed him off for telling a joke in bad taste.book [sb] in, book [sb] in for [sth] vtr phrasal sep (make appointment)为…预约；为…预约…I've booked you in at midday for a cut and blow dry.book [sb] out, book out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (hotel: transfer a guest to another hotel)把…转到另一家酒店boot [sb] out vtr phrasal sep figurative, often passive, slang (evict)撵走，逐走，赶跑If you keep acting like an idiot, the hotel management will surely boot you out.boot [sb] out vtr phrasal sep figurative, often passive, slang (remove from office)解聘，解职Voters tend to boot out politicians who cheat on their wives more than politicians who take bribes.boss [sb] around, boss around [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (order about)使唤…；差遣…My manager likes to boss people around.bow down before [sb] vi phrasal + prep literal (bow in deference to)向…鞠躬It is customary to bow down before the Emperor of Japan.bow down before [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (show deference to)对…表示敬意He is so arrogant that he thinks everyone should bow down before him.他很傲慢，觉得所有人都需要向他表示敬意。bowl [sb] over, bowl over [sb] vtr phrasal sep (knock to the ground)击倒在地The big dog was so excited that he ran up and bowled over the little boy.bowl [sb] over, bowl over [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative, often passive (astound, amaze)使大吃一惊；极大惊喜My colleagues' kindness following my car accident really bowled me over.同事们在我发生车祸后所表达的善意让我惊喜万分。box [sb] in, box in [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (confine)把…关起来；被围困起来I missed my highway exit because I was boxed in in the wrong lane.break away from [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (separate: from group) (团体)脱离，离开Several members broke away from the party to form their own extremist group.几名党员脱离了该党派成立了自己的极端主义组织。break back to [sb] vi phrasal + prep (sports: return to original position)回到原位The goalkeeper saved the shot, but the ball broke back to Smith, who scored.break [sb] in, break in [sb] vtr phrasal sep (train [sb] to do a job)培养…做…； (环境或工作)使…适应，使…熟悉The company runs a three-month programme to break in new employees.该公司有着一个为期三个月的项目来使新进员工适应工作环境。break [sb] out, break out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (set [sb] free)帮…逃离；帮…逃出去One of the gang members was in jail, so the others broke him out.一名帮派成员被关进监狱，其他成员把他救了出来。break up with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (separate)与…分开；与…崩了I think you need to break up with your boyfriend.我认为你应该跟你男朋友分手。break with [sb] vtr phrasal insep ([sb]: end association) (人)与…绝交break with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (group: withdraw from) (组织)与…脱离关系bring [sth/sb] along, bring along [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (carry or take: to a given place)将…带过来This is not a private dinner so please invite your friends and bring along a bottle of wine.这不是一场私人晚宴，所以请你邀请好友，并带一瓶葡萄酒过来。bring [sb] before [sb], bring [sth] before [sb] vtr phrasal sep (take to: court)把…带上法庭受审；提审The Senator was brought before the High Court on charges of racketeering.bring [sb] closer vtr phrasal sep (make more intimate)使更为亲近She planned a quiet weekend away for the two of them in hopes that it would bring them closer.bring [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (cause demise)打倒；击败The scandal brought down the government.这件丑闻击垮了政府。bring [sb] down vtr phrasal sep US, figurative, slang (make sad)挫伤…，使沮丧If you keep criticizing Michael, you'll just bring him down.如果你一直批评迈克尔的话，你会使他沮丧的。bring [sb/sth] in, bring in [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (transport to a place)带来；推来The nurse brought in an ECG machine.护士拿来一台心电图仪器。bring [sb] in, bring in [sb] vtr phrasal sep (ask to do a job)引进；带来Usually a new head coach will bring in his own team of assistants.通常，新的主教练会带来自己的助理团队。bring [sb/sth] on vtr phrasal sep (performer, act: send on stage)通过介绍将（演员或节目）引上舞台It was time to bring on the next act.是时候介绍下一个节目了。bring [sb] round vtr phrasal sep informal (make conscious)使…苏醒过来Victorians used smelling salts to bring round someone who had fainted.维多利亚时代的人用嗅盐来唤醒晕厥的人。bring [sb] round vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (persuade)说服Wendy wasn't sure about moving to Florida, but her husband's talk of beaches brought her round.温迪不确定是否要搬去佛罗里达州，但他丈夫关于海滩的一番话说服了她。bring [sb] to vtr phrasal sep informal (rouse to consciousness)使…苏醒过来She was brought to with smelling salts.嗅盐使她苏醒过来。bring [sb] up, bring up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (raise: a child)抚养；将…养大成人The couple adopted the child and brought him up.那对夫妇收养了那个孩子，并将他养大成人。bring [sb] up, bring up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (bring before a court)起诉；对...提起诉讼bristle with [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (be full of)布满；充满The town square is bristling with tourists.市镇广场上人山人海，充满了游客。brown [sb] off, brown off [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK, figurative, informal (annoy or anger)惹恼brush against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (touch lightly in passing)轻触brush [sth/sb] aside vtr phrasal sep (sweep to one side)扫开；把…拂开Andrea brushed aside her hair.brush [sb] off, brush off [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (dismiss: [sb])不理；漠视I've asked Walter repeatedly if we can talk but he keeps brushing me off.我不断地问沃勒我们是否可以谈一下，但是他一直不理我。brush past [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (skim in passing)与…擦肩而过buck [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (animal: throw rider off) (指马等动物)将...甩下去buck [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (make more cheerful)使…振奋buckle [sb] in vtr phrasal sep (fasten into seat)给…系上安全带Mom insisted I buckle my little sister in before she would start the car.buddy up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep US, informal (become friendly with)与...成为朋友buddy up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep mainly US, informal (work together with)与...共事；与...一起工作bug out on [sb] vi phrasal + prep US, slang (abandon)抛弃；放弃bum [sb] out vtr phrasal sep mainly US (upset, depress)使不愉快；使不安bump against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (collide with [sth/sb])撞上bump into [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (collide with)碰撞I have a huge bruise where I bumped into the corner of the table.I bumped into the car in front of me on the way to work.我撞到桌角的部位出现一块巨大的淤青。我在上班的路上撞上了我前面的车。bump into [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal, figurative (meet by chance)碰到，遇到；碰见Guess who I bumped into at the supermarket?猜猜我在超市遇到谁了？bump [sb] off vtr phrasal sep slang (murder)杀死, 谋杀The mob ordered a contract to bump off the snitch.burn [sb] up vtr phrasal sep US, slang, figurative (make [sb] very angry)使（某人）大怒It burns me up to see that man making my mum cry.见到那个男人让我妈妈哭，这让我很生气。burst upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (leap, pounce)冲上，撞上bus [sb] in vtr phrasal sep (bring by bus)用公共汽车载送They bussed in the visiting team two hours before the match was due to start.butter [sb] up, butter up [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (flatter, sweet-talk) (比喻，非正式用语)阿谀奉承，拍…的马屁He tried to butter up his boss in hopes of getting an extra day off. Stop trying to butter me up and just tell me what you want.他试着拍老板的马屁，以期能多放一天假。别再阿谀奉承了，直接告诉我你想要什么。buy [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (bribe)收买，贿赂We can buy him off by making a donation to his wife's hospital.buy [sb] out, buy out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (take over ownership of)买下…的所有股份The company intends to buy out the rival firm.这家公司打算买下竞争对手公司的所有股份。call [sb] away, call away [sb] vtr phrasal sep (summon [sb])叫走…The doctor was suddenly called away, so he is not in the office today.call [sb] down vtr phrasal sep US, informal (reprimand [sb], tell [sb] off)训斥；斥责call [sb] forth, call forth [sb] vtr phrasal sep (summon)唤起；激起call [sb] in vtr phrasal sep (contact: a professional for help) (指专业工作人员)请...来帮忙；请...上门The tap was leaking, so Jess called in a plumber.水龙头一直在漏水，杰西叫来了水管工。call in on [sb] vi phrasal + prep UK (visit) (某人)拜访，访问Stef called in on her neighbour on the way to the shops, to ask if he needed anything.斯黛弗在去商店的路上拜访了她的邻居，询问是否需要帮他带点什么。call on [sb] for [sth], call upon vtr phrasal insep (seek help)请求；向某人求助John called on his friends for support.约翰请他的朋友支持他。call on [sb], call upon vtr phrasal insep (turn to [sb] for help) (某人)向…求助When you need help, then who can you call upon if not your friends?当你需要帮助时，除了你的朋友还能找谁?call on [sb] to do [sth], call upon [sb] to do [sth] vtr phrasal insep (request that [sb] do [sth])要求某人做某事The union called on the workers to support a strike.工会号召工人支持罢工。call on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (visit [sb])拜访John called on Mary while she was in the hospital.玛丽住院时，约翰去看过她。call on [sb] vtr phrasal insep US (teacher: pick a student to talk) (老师)让…回答问题The teacher called on me but I couldn't answer as I hadn't been listening.老师让我回答问题，但是因为我没有在听讲，所以回答不出。call [sb] out, call out [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (challenge) (某人)挑战；质疑The interviewer called the MP out when he spouted false statistics.当议员虚报统计数据时，那位记者向他提出了质疑。call [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (phone)给…打电话备注: A hyphen is used when the term is a noun.Let's call her up and check the plans.我们打电话给她，确认一下计划。call [sb] up vtr phrasal sep usu passive (military: enlist) (军队)征召，召集Conscripts were called up for military service according to their birthdates.义务兵根据出生日期被征召入伍。calm [sb] down, calm down [sb] vtr phrasal sep (make calmer)使平静；使镇静；使安静She gave the baby a bottle to calm him down.她给了婴儿奶瓶，让他平静下来。carry [sth/sb] away vtr phrasal sep (tide, river: sweep off)冲走The boy dropped a stick in the river and the current carried it away.那个男孩将一根棍子扔进了河里，接着被河流冲走了。carry [sb/sth] off vtr phrasal sep (abduct, kidnap)挟持；绑架She was carried off by persons unknown and never seen again.她被几个不明身份的人挟持了，那之后就再也没过她。carry [sb] through, carry [sb] through [sth] vtr phrasal sep (help to endure, survive)帮助…渡过难关carve [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative, slang (injure with knife)砍伤某人carve [sb] up, cut [sb] up vtr phrasal sep UK, figurative, slang (swerve in front of another vehicle) (用车辆)强超挡道，别...的车备注: 指车辆行驶中被后方车辆强行超车并占据车道cast [sb] aside vtr phrasal sep figurative (reject, abandon) (人)抛弃In her ambition to get ahead, she uses people and then casts them aside when they can do no more for her.cast [sb] away vtr phrasal sep usually passive (shipwreck) (因在海难中船只毁坏)抛出，使...漂流cast [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep (banish)驱逐；逐出；赶走Exorcism is a ceremony for casting out demons.cast up to [sb] vi phrasal + prep UK, regional (reproach [sb] with [sth])责怪Jock cast up to Mary that she was to blame for their situation.乔克责备玛丽，说她应该为他们的处境负责。catch [sb]'s attention vtr phrasal sep (attract notice)吸引…的注意力catch [sb] out vtr phrasal sep UK, often passive, informal (discover deceit)发现某人做坏事The detective suspected the suspect was lying, so she kept asking him questions in the hope of catching him out.警探怀疑嫌疑犯在撒谎，所以她不断地发问，希望抓住他的错漏。catch up with [sb/sth], also US: catch up to [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (go as fast as)追上；赶上I walk faster than he does, so I wait at each corner for him to catch up with me.我走得比他快，所以我在每个转角都会等他赶上来。catch up with [sb], also US: catch up to [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (join, reach)追上, 赶上You go on ahead; I'll catch up with you as soon as I've finished my work here.你先走，我一完成这里的工作就去找你。catch [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (join, reach)赶上；找到Start walking and I'll catch you up; I need to fetch my coat first.你先走，我会赶上你的。我得先去拿下外套。catch up with [sb], also US: catch up to [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (repay: with [sth] bad) (过去造成的问题带来麻烦)找上Finally, his unhealthy habits caught up with him and he became very sick.最后，他那些不健康的坏习惯来找他麻烦了：他病得非常严重。catch up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (apprehend: criminal)逮捕The cops finally caught up with the shoplifter outside the stock exchange.警察最终在证券交易所外抓住了那个商店扒手。catch up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (exchange news)了解某人的最新情况It was a pleasure to catch up with everyone at the family reunion.在家庭聚会上与大家交流近况令人感到愉快。cater for [sb] vtr phrasal insep (provide for [sb])为…提供服务This restaurant does not cater for vegans.这家餐厅不向素食主义者提供餐饮服务。cater to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (meet needs)投...所好，迎合；满足...需求center on [sb/sth], center upon [sb/sth] (US), centre on [sb/sth], centre upon [sb/sth] (UK) vtr phrasal insep (have as main topic)以…为中心, 重点在于…His talk centered on one key issue.center on [sb/sth] (US), centre on [sb/sth] (UK) vtr phrasal insep (have as main purpose)围绕；以…为中心My grandfather's life centered on his family.；chase after [sb] vtr phrasal insep (pursue [sb]) (人)追逐；追赶The police chased after the burglar and caught him in my neighbour's garden.chase [sb/sth] out, chase out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (force to leave)驱赶The wife's scoldings chased the husband out of the house.chase [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (find [sb])找到chat [sb] up vtr phrasal sep UK, informal (try to seduce [sb])与异性搭讪, 调情When he goes to restaurants, he always tries to chat up the waitresses.每当他去餐厅时，他总是设法与女服务员搭讪。cheat on [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (be sexually unfaithful to)对…不贞；对…不忠Carol admitted that she had cheated on her husband.卡罗尔承认了自己对丈夫不忠。check in with [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (make contact, compare notes)跟…商量，跟…交换意见While Steve was working off site, his boss checked in with him once a day by email.斯蒂芬不在单位工作时，他老板每天都会发邮件与他联系。check [sb/sth] out, check out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep informal (investigate, examine)看看When you're in New York, be sure to check out that camera store I told you about.到了纽约，一定要去看看我跟你说过的那家相机店。check [sth/sb] out, check out [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep slang (look at)观察，查看Check out that guy in the top hat!查看那个戴高顶礼帽的人！check up on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (observe progress)校对；检查；检查When it's very hot, remember to check up on your elderly neighbors every couple of hours.cheer [sb] on, cheer on [sb] vtr phrasal sep (shout encouragement to)为…欢呼，向…喝彩We're going to the match to cheer on the team.cheer [sb] on, cheer on [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (encourage, support)鼓励，为…鼓气Ginny thanked her mum for always being there to cheer her on.金妮感谢她的妈妈总是在身边鼓励她。cheer [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (make happier)使…高兴；使…兴奋；使…振奋Here's a plate of chocolate ice cream to cheer you up.这里有一盘巧克力冰淇淋，可以让你高兴起来。cheese [sb] off vtr phrasal sep UK, slang, often passive (make angry)使感到生气，让人感到愤怒He was a big man, so I didn't want to cheese him off.chew [sb] out vtr phrasal sep US, slang, figurative (reprimand)严厉责备The coach chewed out the player who dropped the pass.chivvy [sb] along vtr phrasal sep UK (hurry or harass)不断催促；持续骚扰chivvy [sb] into [sth], chivvy [sb] into doing [sth] vtr phrasal sep UK (hurry or harass [sb] into action)催促...做某事；不断唠叨某人做某事chuck out [sb], chuck [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (evict)撵走，打发走My mum chucked me out of the house.clamp down on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (be strict, enforce rules)严厉打击，严格压制；严厉扼制The city is clamping down on gang violence.clean [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep figurative, slang (take all money)使…失去所有钱财Their business failed and cleaned them out.他们的生意失败，失去了所有的钱财。clean [sb] out vtr phrasal sep figurative, slang (win all of [sb]'s money)赢走…所有的钱The blackjack tables cleaned me out.21点赌桌让我输得精光。clean [sb/sth] up, clean up [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (remove dirt)清洁；把…清洗干净Clean up your face and change your clothes before dinner.先去把脸清洗干净，再换套衣服，然后再吃晚饭。cling on to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (hold tightly)紧紧抓住close in on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (pursuit: get closer)逼近Drive faster! The cops are closing in on us!close in on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep figurative (make claustrophobic) (比喻)迫近Inside the small room, he felt like the walls were closing in on him.close [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (exclude, prevent from entering)将…关在外面Bill closed the dog out of the room.比尔将狗关在房间外面。clue [sb] in, also UK: clue [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (inform)给…讲解，告诉Eleanor had no idea why everyone in the office was cheering, so she asked Jane to clue her in.clue [sb] in on [sth], also UK: clue [sb] up on [sth] vtr phrasal sep informal (inform)告诉某人某事Can you clue me in on what's going on?come across [sb] vtr phrasal insep (encounter [sb] by chance)偶然遇见We came across Monica in the post office.我们在邮局偶遇了莫妮卡。come after [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (pursue, chase)追；追逐The police came after the robbers in a patrol car.come along with [sb] vi phrasal + prep (accompany)与…一起去Nancy came along with us to the park.南希跟我们一起去了公园。come at [sb] vtr phrasal insep (approach threateningly)扑向；快速接近come back to [sb] vi phrasal + prep (return to memory)回想起；在记忆中重现The name of the film suddenly came back to me.我突然想起了那部电影的名字。come before [sb] vtr phrasal insep formal (appear before: magistrate, judge, etc.) (法官等)出庭面对Miller came before the judge two months after pleading guilty to assault.come between [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (cause estrangement)离间；伤害…之间的关系We are such good friends that nothing can come between us.come down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (punish) (比喻，非正式用语)斥责，呵斥；惩罚，处罚The teacher came down on him for his repeated absence.come down on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (collapse)落到, 降落到, 坍塌到The bedroom ceiling came down on us during the hurricane.在龙卷风期间，我们的卧室屋顶塌了下来。come on to [sb] vi phrasal + prep slang (flirt with [sb])勾引；跟…调情备注: Commonly used in the continuousAre you coming on to me?你是在勾引我吗？come over [sb] vtr phrasal insep (emotion: affect) (情绪)支配，影响I don't know what's come over me, but I can't stop crying. A strange feeling of joy came over me.我也不知道我到底怎么了，但就是哭得停不下来。一股奇怪的愉悦感支配了我。come through for [sb] vi phrasal figurative, informal (do what is necessary) (在困境中)支持某人I wasn't worried because I knew you would come through for me.come up to [sb] vi phrasal + prep (approach [sb])接近某人He came up to me in the street and tried to bum a dollar.他从街上向我走来，想讨要一块钱。come up against [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (encounter: opposition, obstacle)遭到…的反对The work is behind schedule because we came up against some unexpected problems.我们遇到了一些意想不到的问题，因此工作延期了。come up against [sb] vi phrasal + prep (compete with [sb])遇到；面对Davies will come up against last year's champion in the semi-final of the competition.戴维斯将在大赛的半决赛中对阵去年的冠军。concentrate upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep slightly formal (focus your attention on)专心于；集中注意力于The last thing I remember is the hypnotist telling me to concentrate upon the watch.conjure [sth/sb] up, conjure up [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (magic: make appear) (魔法)变出，召唤出The audience yawned as the magician conjured up yet another rabbit from the hat.当魔术师从帽子里又变出一只兔子时，观众都打哈欠了。consort with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (associate with: [sb])厮混，来往；与…相配，与…协调People accused her of consorting with the army.contract [sth] out to [sb] vtr phrasal sep (outsource)将某事外包给某人；让某人承包某事cool [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (make less hot)使凉快下来；使冷却下来Ben took a cold shower to cool himself down after the race.比赛结束后，本冲了个冷水澡让自己冷却下来。cool off, cool [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (make [sb] less hot)让...变凉；使...冷下来cool off, cool [sb] off vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (make [sb] less angry)让...平静；使...冷静coop [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative (confine) (比喻)困住Mary's parents coop her up in the house too much.cop off with [sb] vi phrasal + prep UK, slang (have sex with) (俚语)跟...睡觉；与...发生关系cope with [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (person: handle, deal with)对付；处理It is astonishing the way she manages to raise a family, hold a full-time job and cope with a bed-ridden mother, all at the same time.她要拉扯儿女，同时拥有全职工作，还要照顾患病在床的母亲，真不知道她是如何做到的。count [sb] in vtr phrasal sep informal (include)算上…；包括…；把…算进去count on [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (trust, rely on)依靠；指望（某人）I included Sheila in the team because I know I can count on her.因为我知道能指望席拉，所以让她加入了队伍。count on [sb] to do [sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (trust, rely on)指望某人做某事；相信You can count on her to be on time.你可以相信她会准时到场。count out [sb], count [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (exclude) (非正式用语)除开，不把…算在内I'm busy on Saturday so you can count me out of the football game.count upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (depend on, rely on)信赖；依靠I should like to thank you for your help, and assure you that you may count upon my support at any time.cover for [sb] vtr phrasal insep (stand in for [sb])代替…工作，给…替班，帮…代班Can you cover for me at work on Saturday night? I want to stay in.你周六晚上能帮我代班吗？我想待在家里。cover up for [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (hide [sb]'s guilt)包庇；掩盖（错误）Her co-workers tried to cover up for her many mistakes.她的同事试图包庇她的多次过失。cow down to [sb] vi phrasal + prep US, informal (be intimidated)威胁，恐吓I'm not going to cow down to her. She doesn't scare me!cozy up with [sb] (US), cosy up with [sb] (UK) vtr phrasal insep informal (snuggle)与…依偎在一起cozy up to [sb] (US), cosy up to [sb] (UK) vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (ingratiate yourself)讨好；巴结He's trying to get a promotion and has been cosying up to the boss.crack down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (punish)惩治Every holiday, police set up checkpoints to crack down on drunk drivers.每逢节假日，警察都会设立检查站，以惩处酒驾司机。crack [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative, slang (make laugh)使…捧腹大笑；让...笑出眼泪The joke he told really cracked me up.他讲的笑话让我捧腹大笑。credit [sb] with [sth] vtr phrasal sep (attribute: [sth] to [sb])把…归功于credit [sb] with doing [sth] vtr phrasal sep (acknowledge: [sb])认为…做…He credits his parents with awakening his love of music.credit [sb] with [sth] vtr phrasal sep (acknowledge: [sb])认为…具有，认为…是creep [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang (unnerve) (俚语)使...毛骨悚然；让...觉得不自在I don't like the way he looks at me; he creeps me out.creep over [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (feelings: affect slowly) (情感)缓缓爬上心头A sense of resentment began to creep over her.creep up on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (approach stealthily)悄悄接近，偷偷上前She startled her sister by creeping up on her and shouting "Boo!"creep up on [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (fact, situation: arrive unforeseen) (不可预知的情况)渐渐地到来, 不知不觉地到来You had better start working now; don't let the deadline creep up on you.cross [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (eliminate)删除；剔除The interviewer crossed off the applicant with blue and purple hair.cross over to [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (music, film: appeal diversely)吸引各种听众；吸引各种观众The film has enough appeal to cross over to a wider audience.这部片子有足够的魅力，能吸引各种层面的观众。crowd [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep (leave no room)将...挤出去cry [sb/sth] down, cry down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep dated (disparage)贬低；贬损cry out for [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (call aloud)大声呼喊When the child was scared she would cry out for her mother.cuddle up with [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (snuggle next to)抱着；拥着Nancy cuddled up with her favorite doll and fell asleep.cue [sb] in vtr phrasal sep informal (inform)发信号；暗示cue [sb] in on [sth] vtr phrasal sep informal (inform about)暗示某人做某事cut [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (kill, strike down)杀死Many soldiers were cut down by enemy fire.由于敌军的炮火，许多士兵都被杀死了。cut [sb] off vtr phrasal sep figurative (estrange, disown)与…断绝关系；与…断绝往来The parents cut off their alcoholic son and he wasn't even mentioned in their will.那对父母与酒鬼儿子断绝了关系，他甚至都没有出现在他们的遗嘱里。cut [sth/sb] off vtr phrasal sep figurative (disconnect)切断（网络、电力等）的供应While on the net, we were cut off.正在上网时，我们断网了。cut [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (interrupt when speaking)打断…的话Francesca cut me off while I was in the middle of speaking.正当我讲话时，弗朗西斯卡打断了我的话。cut [sb] off vtr phrasal sep US (driver, vehicle: move suddenly in front)突然超车到...前方A black sedan cut me off as I was about to switch lanes.我正要换道时，一辆黑色轿车超了我的车。cut [sb] up vtr phrasal sep UK (driver, vehicle: move suddenly in front) (开车时)强行超过某人；强行超车A blue Mondeo cut me up as I was approaching the roundabout.当我接近环岛时，一辆蓝色的蒙迪欧超了我的车。dawn on [sb] that vtr phrasal insep figurative (occur to [sb] that)意识到；想起Suddenly it dawned on her that her remarks might have been offensive to the others.deal with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (handle: people) (人)应付，搞定You answer the phones and I'll deal with the customers.你来接电话，我来负责搞定那些顾客。deal with [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (reprimand, punish) (比喻)和…算账I'll deal with you later! For now, go to your room and think about what you did.我之后再和你算账。不过现在，先回你房间去想想你的所作所为。defer to [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (concede to authority, etc.)遵从；服从；听从Rachel's boss didn't agree with her idea so, as he had more experience, she deferred to his judgement.；depend on [sb], depend upon [sb] vtr phrasal sep (be supported financially by) (经济上)依赖；靠...生活In the 1950s, most women in the US did not do paid work and depended on their husbands.20世纪50年代，大多数美国女性都未从事有报酬的工作，经济上需依靠她们的丈夫。depend on [sb], depend upon [sb] vtr phrasal sep (rely on [sb]) (对人)依赖，依靠She is a proud lady and doesn't like having to depend on her relatives for help.她是一位有自尊的女士，不喜欢依靠亲戚的帮助。descend on [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (visit [sb] unexpectedly)突然造访...dial [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (phone)致电；给...拨电话备注: hyphen used when term is an adj or a noundig into [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (press into)陷入；勒进David's trousers were too tight and the waistband was digging into him.戴维的裤子太紧了，裤带勒进了肉里。；dispense with [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (do without)省去；不用We're all friends here - I think we can dispense with formalities.dispense with [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (get rid of)免除，省去；放弃；摆脱During the recession the company had to dispense with many employees.dispose of [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (person: kill)除掉某人；杀掉某人The mafia don ordered a hit man to dispose of the traitor.黑手党头目命令一名杀手去除掉那个叛徒。dispose of [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (opponent: beat) (打败: 对手)解决某人The boxer disposed of his opponent in just two rounds.那名拳击手在两回合内就解决了他的对手。do away with [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (kill, murder) (俚语)杀掉，干掉，除掉He was a liability to our gang, and we knew sooner or later we would have to do away with him.他是我们帮派的隐患，我们知道，迟早都要除掉他的。do [sb] down vtr phrasal sep UK, informal (criticize)批评…；指责…do for [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (kill, destroy)除掉...；毁掉...do [sb] in vtr phrasal sep slang (person: kill) (俚语)杀害Trotsky's assassin did him in with an ice axe.do [sb] in vtr phrasal sep slang (make tired) (俚语)累垮；令...疲劳This heat will do me in.do without [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (endure not having)没有…将就；离开...过活James can't do without his morning coffee, so he has bought himself an espresso machine.詹姆斯无法做到早上不喝咖啡，所以他给自己买了一台浓缩咖啡机。dob [sb] in vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (inform on [sb])检举；告…的密dob [sb] in to [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (inform on [sb])向...告发...doll [sb] up vtr phrasal sep slang (adorn, make more glamorous) (俚语)打扮漂亮It's not right to doll children up for beauty pageants.打扮儿童，送他们去参加选美，这种做法不合适。drag [sb] along vtr phrasal sep (force to accompany)硬拉着；生拉硬拽If you drag your son along to church he will only resent it.drag [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (demoralize)使感到沮丧；使士气低落His attitude is dragging the rest of us down.drag [sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative (involve [sb] unwilling) (比喻)把…强扯进去；强迫...参加drag [sb] into [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (involve [sb] in [sth])把...拖下水；使...卷入drag [sth/sb] off vtr phrasal sep (carry away)把…拖走drag [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative, slang (child: rear badly)把…胡乱带大draw ahead of [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (gradually pass [sb/sth])领先draw on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (use [sb]'s contribution)利用，使用；依靠Ruby lives alone, so she draws on her neighbours for help.因为鲁比一个人住，所以她只能向邻居寻求帮助。draw [sb] out, draw out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (incite to talk)引得...开口讲述；让...倾诉The interviewer attempted to draw the MP out on the subject of the transport strike.采访人员试图诱导议员就运输罢工问题发表看法。draw [sb/sth] out, draw out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (lure, esp. out of hiding) (尤其是从藏身之处)引…出来The pest control technician used smoke to draw out the wasps.害虫防治技术员使用烟雾来引出黄蜂。draw upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (use as source or resource)利用To pass the final exam, the students must draw upon everything they have learned in the course.要想通过最终测验，学生们必须利用课堂所学的全部内容。dress [sb] down vtr phrasal sep US, informal (scold) (非正式用语)责骂, 斥责dress [sb] down for [sth] vtr phrasal sep US, informal (scold)因...而斥责；因...而训斥dress [sb] down for doing [sth] vtr phrasal sep US, informal (scold)因...而斥责；因...而训斥My boss dressed me down for being rude to the client.dress up as [sth/sb] vi phrasal (in costume)打扮成；装扮成My son likes to dress up as a pirate.我儿子喜欢打扮成海盗的样子。dress [sb] up, dress up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (clothe stylishly)打扮；装扮Lisa dressed her daughter up in a pretty dress.丽萨用一条漂亮的裙子来打扮女儿。；drive [sb] mad vtr phrasal sep (make insane)使…发疯drive [sb] mad vtr phrasal sep (annoy) (烦躁)把...逼疯drive [sb] mad vtr phrasal sep (arouse sexually) (激起性欲)令…欲罢不能drive [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep (force to leave)赶走；驱逐出去The natives were driven out of their villages by the foreign invaders.当地居民被外来侵略者赶出了自己的村庄。drop in on [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (visit)拜访；造访Matilda enjoys dropping in unannounced on her friends.drop [sb] off, drop off [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (let out of a vehicle)送某人去；开车带某人去I drop my husband off at work every morning.我每天早上送丈夫去上班。drown [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep (be louder than) (声音)压过，压倒，盖倒； (声音)淹没The helicopter drowned out the screaming of the people below.drum [sth] into [sb] vtr phrasal sep (instill by repetition)向…反复灌输…，向…反复讲述…The teacher was trying to drum the information into the students.duff [sb] up, duff up [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (beat up)痛打；狠揍Give me your pocket money or I'll duff you up!dump on [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, slang (abuse verbally)严厉批评；责难Just because you broke up with Jack doesn't mean you have to dump on him all the time.ease up on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (treat less harshly)对某人放松要求；对某人没有过去严厉You may find if you ease up a bit on the child she will behave better.eat away at [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal, figurative (worry)烦扰Raskolnikov's crime ate away at his peace of mind and, ultimately, his soul.eat [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang, vulgar (perform cunnilingus on)舔阴；为...口交edge away from [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (distance yourself)（因为怕羞而）避开；躲开I tried to edge away from the drunk man on the bus.edge [sb] out, edge [sth] out, edge out [sb], edge out [sth] vtr phrasal sep (displace, remove)取代…，挤掉...edge out [sb] vtr phrasal insep (sports: defeat) (体育)险胜…edit [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep (remove from text, film)（从文本中）删掉；划掉Following legal advice, the publisher edited out a number of passages in the text.egg [sb] on vtr phrasal sep informal (encourage, urge) (非正式用语)怂恿, 煽动, 鼓励The fans cheered for their favorite team, egging them on.engage with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (talk, negotiate)接触，接洽； (口语)跟…打交道；face [sth/sb] down, face down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (overcome by confronting)压倒；降服I faced down my attacker and he ran away.face up to [sb] vi phrasal + prep colloquial (confront)面对，直面If you face up to bullies, they usually leave you alone afterwards.如果你直面霸凌者，往往事后他们就不来招惹你了。fade in on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (camera: show gradually)渐显...fade in on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (viewer: see gradually appear)逐渐看见At the opening of the movie, we fade in on a scene of a family at the dinner table.fall on [sth/sb], fall upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (attack, assault)袭击The group of men fell on Pete, punching and kicking him.一群人袭击了皮特，对他拳打脚踢。fall across [sb] vtr phrasal insep (meet [sb] by chance) (指人)偶遇；邂逅fall back on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep informal, figurative (resort to, rely on)转而依靠；求助于；向…求助Whenever I am in trouble, I know that I can always fall back on my friends and family.无论何时我身陷困境，我知道我总是能向朋友和家人求助。fall in with [sb] vi phrasal + prep (start to associate with)偶然碰到，偶遇；赞同…His grades dropped when he fell in with the wrong crowd.fall on [sb/sth], fall upon [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (attack)袭击…；攻击…The two men fell on their victim as he was walking down the street.fall on [sb], fall upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (person: greet, embrace)迎接…；拥抱…Derek fell upon his brother and they wept with joy at being reunited.fall on [sb], fall to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (be the obligation of)落在…肩上Responsibility for the project's success or failure ultimately falls on the manager.fall out with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (quarrel with: a friend) (非正式用语)与…争吵，与…起纠纷；闹翻If you do not stop gossiping, all your friends are going to fall out with you.如果你还要再继续说闲话，你所有朋友都会和你闹翻的。farm out [sb], farm [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (place in another's care)把...寄养（到别人家）；拜托（别人）照顾...The Fergusons farmed their children out to various relatives and went on holiday.feed back to [sb] vi phrasal + prep (report back to)向...提供反馈；向...报告备注: The single-word form is used when the term is a nounJamie always feeds back to his line manager in a timely manner.杰米总是及时向他的电话经理提供反馈。feel for [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (have sympathy)同情I really feel for him since he lost his job.feel for [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (be in love)爱上, 与…相爱feel [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (fondle sexually) (非正式用语)（两性间的）抚摸，爱抚；猥亵She accused the man of trying to feel her up.她控告那名男子猥亵。fence [sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative ([sb]: confine, restrict) (某人)把…关起来，把…监禁起来fend [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (defend yourself against [sb])抵挡；抵御The soldiers used hand grenades to fend off enemy troops.士兵们用手榴弹抵御敌军。；fight back against [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (try to combat)抵抗；反击fight back against [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (try to combat)反抗；回击fight [sb/sth] off, fight off [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (defend yourself from)击退；打败（对手）The 26-year-old woman bravely fought off her attackers with several kicks and punches.通过几次拳打脚踢，那名26岁的女性勇敢地击退了几个袭击者。fight [sb/sth] off, fight off [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (competition) (竞赛中)击退，打败（对手）Dannii fought off the competition to win the prize.达尼在竞赛中打败对手，赢得大奖。fill in for [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (substitute for [sb])临时替代；临时替补I'm filling in for my boss at the board meeting next week.在下周的董事会上，我将代老板出席会议。fill [sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (person: update)让…了解情况He had to leave the meeting for a while, so we filled him in when he got back.他得离开会场一阵，所以等他回来后我们将会议情况告诉他。find out about [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (learn about)了解关于…的情况I read his biography to find out about his life.为了解他的生平，我读了他的传记。find out about [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (learn news or truth of)了解，知道；搞清...的情况I have just found out about your mother; I'm so sorry for your loss.我刚知道你妈的情况，请节哀顺变。finish [sb/sth] off, finish off [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep informal (kill) (非正式用语)杀死；使疲惫不堪That 30-mile walk has just about finished me off.那30英里的步行已使我筋疲力尽了。fink on [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, slang (inform on)告发The police apprehended one of the gang's members and convinced him to fink on the leaders.fink out on [sb] vi phrasal + prep US, slang (break promise to)对某人食言；违背对某人的承诺fire up [sb], fire [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative (excite, enthuse)煽动, 激发, 使情绪高昂The inspirational speech fired up the audience.鼓舞人心的演讲激发了听众的激情。fit [sth/sb] in vtr phrasal sep (make room for)插入，放入I think we can fit one more in at this table.我觉得在这张桌子上我们还能再放一个。fit in with [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (be easily assimilated)适合…His lifestyle doesn't fit in with the group.他的生活习惯并不适合这个群体的人。fit [sb] up vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (cause to be blamed for a crime)硬给…冠以…的罪名He was not guilty, the police fitted him up.fix [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (pair romantically)为某人找约会对象，给某人介绍对象；给...牵红线Stop trying to fix me up; I'm happy being single.不要再给我介绍对象了，我一个人很开心。flag [sb/sth] down, flag down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (stop by signalling: taxi, etc.)给信号使停下；挥手拦车It's hard to flag down a taxi during the rush hour. Julie was lost and had no signal on her phone; she had to flag down a passing car to ask for help.在上下班高峰时段很难叫到一辆出租车。朱莉迷路了，手机也没信号，她不得不拦下一辆过路的汽车寻求帮助。flake out on [sb] vi phrasal + prep mainly US, slang (fail to meet obligations) (俚语)放某人的鸽子；爽某人的约What? She's not coming? That's it! She's flaked out on me for the last time, we're through.flee from [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (run away from, try to escape)从…逃离；逃走The criminals tried to flee from the police in a stolen car.flip [sb] off, flip off [sb], flick [sb] off, flick off [sb] vtr phrasal sep US, slang (gesture obscenely)竖中指I was extremely offended when the boy who stepped out in front of my car flipped me off.fly at [sb] vtr phrasal insep (attack [sb])攻击fob [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (give [sb] [sth] inferior, unsatisfactory)搪塞…；敷衍…The sales rep offered me a partial refund, but I could tell she was just trying to fob me off.follow [sb] around vtr phrasal sep (trail [sb])跟踪，追踪He followed me around all day.fool around with [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (have casual sex)与…胡搞；与…乱搞男女关系He had fooled around with every girl in town before he met Helen.force [sb] out vtr phrasal sep figurative (evict)迫使某人离开Police forced the squatters out.警察将那些非法占用者都赶了出去。freak [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang (disturb)让…不安；让…焦虑Stop looking at me like that! You're freaking me out!别那样看着我！你吓到我了！free [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (make [sth] available) (非正式用语)腾出来，空出来The rental company said all their cars were reserved, but they might be able to free up a sedan in the afternoon.租车公司说所有车都被预定了，不过他们可能在下午能腾出一辆轿车来。freeze [sb] out, freeze out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (poker: eliminate players) (一种扑克赛制)Freezeout赛制备注: 盲注保持不变的单挑比赛，直到某位玩家赢走所有的筹码才结束。freeze [sb] out, freeze out [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (exclude)排斥，排挤She wanted to be a member of that popular group, but they froze her out.她想成为那个受欢迎团体的一员，但却受到他们的排挤。frighten [sb/sth] off vtr phrasal sep (scare away)把…吓跑；吓走Tina's clingy nature frightened off all potential boyfriends.frown on [sth/sb], frown upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (disapprove of)不赞成Teachers frown on students being late for class.Management frowns upon employees socializing at the water cooler.f*** [sb] over vtr phrasal sep vulgar, offensive, slang (swindle or betray)背叛；欺诈I told her the story in confidence, and then she f***ed me over by turning around and telling my boss.f*** [sb] up vtr phrasal sep vulgar, offensive, slang (damage psychologically)使精神崩溃Dan's experiences during the war had f***ed him up.丹参加战争的经历使自己精神崩溃了。f*** with [sb] vtr phrasal insep vulgar, offensive, slang (annoy, provoke)惹；招惹Don't f*** with me, or I'll break your arm.别他妈的惹我，否则我拧断你的胳膊。fuss over [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (be overly attentive to)过分体贴；为...过分操心The little boy's mother fussed over him when he hurt himself.gain on [sb], gain upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep (catch up with)逼近；赶上Drive faster - the police are gaining on us!gain [sb] over vtr phrasal sep US (persuade)把…争取过来；把…拉拢过来Over the years, Romeo gained over Juliet; she had fallen deeply in love with him.gain upon [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (catch up with)赶上；逼近gang up on [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (attack as group)联合起来对付, 结伙对付Every time the teacher makes a mistake, the students gang up on her to point it out.老师每次犯了错，学生们就会联合起来指出她的错误。get ahead of [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (overtake)超过He ran faster and got ahead of his sister just as they reached the car.他跑得更快，并在抵达车子的时候超过了姐姐。get ahead of [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep figurative (be more successful)领先于；胜过；比…更为成功The firm developed a multimedia game system that allowed it to get ahead of its rivals.该公司开发了一种多媒体游戏系统使自己领先于竞争者。get along with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (be friends)与…相处愉快；合得来I get along very well with my mother-in-law.我和婆婆很合得来。get along without [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (not need)缺少…而对付着；凑合着I can get along without luxuries in this economy.get at [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (target for criticism) (俚语)数落，批评，讽刺，打击I hate him; he's always getting at me.我讨厌他，他总是数落我。get at [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (influence illegally) (俚语)贿赂，买通All the evidence is against us; we'll have to see if we can get at the jury.所有证据都对我们不利，我们得看看能否贿赂陪审团。get away from [sb] vtr phrasal insep (escape: [sb])摆脱；离开How did you manage to get away from your captors?你是如何从抓你的人手中逃脱的?get [sth] back, get [sth] back from [sb] vtr phrasal sep (have [sth] returned)取回；还给，交还给I took my watch to be repaired and I'll get it back on Tuesday.我把手表送去维修了，我会在周二的时候取回来。get back at [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (take revenge on)向…报复；找…算账To get back at him, she had an affair with his brother.为了报复他，她和他兄弟搞外遇。get back at [sb] for [sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (take revenge on)为某事向某人复仇；向某人报某事的仇get behind [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (support: a cause, etc.)支持, 赞助If you promise not to change your mind, I'll get behind your efforts to clean up the park.如果你保证不改变主意，我会支持你清理公园的活动。get [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal (depress)使…沮丧；使…消沉Try not to let your exam results get you down.试着不要让你的考试成绩令你变得消沉。get in with [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (start to associate with)与…开始交往；与...开始熟悉He got in with a bad crowd and started skipping school.get into [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (cause to behave differently)让某人变得不同；支配某人get off with [sb] vi phrasal + prep UK, slang (kiss) (异性)与...亲热I saw Tracy getting off with Kevin last night.get on to [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (contact [sb])联系，联络Let me get on to my attorney and see what he says.get on with [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (be friends)与…处得好；与…相处愉快，与…愉快相处If you can't get on with your boss, it might be better to quit.如果你不能与老板愉快相处，那最好就离职吧。get over [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (cease loving: [sb])忘记某人, 不再喜欢某人It took me months to get over Jake after we broke up. He will get over her once he starts going out again.我们分手后，我花了几个月的时间才忘掉杰克。只要他再次开始约会，他就会忘记她。get round [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (cajole)说服某人；哄骗某人改变想法You can't get round me with flattery - you're not getting a bike for Christmas, and that's final!你别想通过阿谀奉承来说服我，圣诞节不会给你自行车的，别说了到此为止！get through to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (reach: on phone)给某人打通电话；接通某人I'm trying to get through to the President but he's not answering his phone.我正试着给总统打电话，不过他不接。get through to [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (make understand)使某人理解；使某人明白I need to get through to my son and make him see drugs are not the answer!我需要使儿子明白毒品不是解决办法！get together with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (socialize with [sb])跟…聚一聚；跟…聚会Every Friday after work, Joe gets together with his colleagues for a drink.每周五下班后，乔都会和他的同事一起喝一杯。get [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (rouse, waken)叫醒；唤醒It's his mother who gets him up every morning and his father who puts him to bed.每天早上叫他起床的是他妈妈，哄他睡觉的是他爸爸。get [sb] up vtr phrasal sep slang (make [sb] ejaculate)使某人射精give [sb] away vtr phrasal sep figurative (reveal incriminating information about)透露...的定罪信息；发布...的有罪信息The boy insisted he wasn't responsible for the graffiti, but the paint spatters on his sweater gave him away.那个男孩坚持说他没有涂鸦，但他毛衣上的颜料渍出卖了他。give [sb] away vtr phrasal sep figurative (reveal true identity)泄露...的真实身份；透露...的真实身份give [sb] away vtr phrasal sep (give bride to groom) (新娘)将...交给新郎Jane's father is no longer alive, so her brother is going to give her away.简的父亲去世了，所以将由她兄弟将她交给新郎。give [sth] back, give [sth] back to [sb] vtr phrasal sep (return: [sth] to [sb])归还，交还，还Did you give me back the pen I lent you? You took my sweater? Give it back!你还了我借你的笔了么？你拿了我的毛衣？还给我！；give in to [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (submit, surrender)屈服于；向…投降After the last scandal, the mayor gave in to the pressure and resigned.上次丑闻发生后，市长迫于压力辞职了。give out to [sb] vtr phrasal insep Irish, informal (reprimand)训斥，斥责My mam gives out to me if I don't do my homework.give [sb/sth] over to [sth] vtr phrasal sep (dedicate to, grant use of)把…交给…，允许…使用…备注: Often used in the passive.During the war, the university was given over to the hospital to make room for more patients.give up on [sb] vi phrasal + prep (abandon: [sb])对…失去信心；对...不抱希望Don't give up on me! I just need a little more encouragement.不要对我失去信心！我只是需要更多一点的鼓励。go to [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (consult, ask a favor of)向…寻求帮助；向…咨询When I need advice, I go to my rabbi.go after [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal, figurative (attack verbally) (非正式用语)言语攻击，抨击He really decided to go after him when he saw him flirting with his wife.当看到他与自己妻子调情时，他决定恶语相向。go after [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (be next, follow)随后就到；下一个，紧接着In the alphabet, the letter B goes after the letter A.字母表内，字母B是字母A的下一个。go against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (not comply with)违背；不遵守If you go against his wishes, he will make things difficult for you.go against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (be in opposition to)反对；与…相对To go against the mob takes courage.go ahead of [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (lead, overtake)超过go along with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep figurative (support, agree with)支持；同意；赞同Rachel is happy to go along with Harry's suggestion.瑞秋很乐意支持哈利的建议。go at [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (attack: [sb])扑向；袭击One of the men went at Ed with a knife.go back to [sb] vi phrasal + prep (return: to partner)回到（伴侣）身边Gina has decided to go back to her husband and try to make their relationship work.吉娜决定回到老公身边，试着维系他们的关系。go by [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (move past)经过；路过The funeral procession went by the town hall.送葬队经过了市政厅。go down on [sb] vi phrasal + prep slang (give oral sex)给…口交； (口交)给…吹箫Sandy enjoys it when her boyfriend goes down on her.桑迪喜欢她男朋友给她口交。go down with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (be defeated with [sb/sth])与…一起被打败，与…一起被打倒If our company goes down, our subsidiaries will go down with us.如果我们的公司垮掉了，那我们旗下的子公司也会同我们一道破产。go easy on [sb] vi phrasal informal (be lenient toward [sb])宽恕；网开一面go for [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (attack)攻击；攻打Suddenly the dog went for him, snarling fiercely.那条狗突然向他扑去，拼命地叫嚷着。go in with [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, informal (share cost)与…分摊费用Do you want to go in with us on the boss's gift?go off [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep UK, informal (lose liking for) (非正式用语)对…失去兴趣I used to really like him, but since I heard about his strange habits I've gone right off him.我过去真的很喜欢他，但自从听说他那些古怪的爱好后，我对他完全失去了兴趣。go off on [sb] (US), go off at [sb] (UK) vtr phrasal insep informal (express anger)向某人发火；朝某人发作All I said was that he had a bit of a temper and he went off on me!go off with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (leave a spouse, etc., for [sb] else)跟…私奔了；跟…走了go on about [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep UK, informal (talk unintelligibly about)嘟囔，含糊不清地说When my sister goes on about programming, I can't understand a word she is saying.我姐妹嘟囔着编程，但她说的我一个字也听不懂。go on about [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep UK, informal (talk incessantly about) (俚语)喋喋不休地说，无休止地说The teacher went on about the topic he had chosen regardless of the fact that many students were asleep.go out with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (date)与...约会，与...谈恋爱She is going out with my cousin.她正在与我的表弟约会。；goad [sb] on vtr phrasal sep (provoke)惹某人；激怒某人goof on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (make fun of [sb])捉弄；戏弄grass on [sb] vtr phrasal insep UK, slang (inform on)供出；告发；检举His sister-in-law grassed on him and he was arrested.grass [sb] up, grass up [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (inform on)告发…grind [sb] down, grind down [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (make weary or disheartened)压迫, 折磨The constant criticism from his partner was grinding him down.gross [sb] out vtr phrasal sep US, slang (revolt, disgust)使…作呕；触怒…Today we had to dissect a frog in biology class and it grossed me out. Don't gross out your friend by wearing those ugly pants!gross [sb] up, gross up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (pay employee back for taxes paid)给…缴税补偿grow away from [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (lose attachment)与…隔膜；疏远Children gradually grow away from their parents and form their own identities.gun [sb] down vtr phrasal sep (shoot dead)击毙The victim was gunned down at short range.gush over [sb] vi phrasal + prep (express excessive praise, flattery to [sb])过分赞扬Frank's parents are always gushing over him to their friends.hack [sb] off vtr phrasal sep slang (irritate, anger)激怒, 使…生气The way he talks down to me really hacks me off!hammer away at [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal, figurative (try to persuade) (非正式用语)反复劝说I hammered away at my boss until he finally agreed to give me a raise.hand [sb] in vtr phrasal sep informal (turn in: to police) (警察)将某人交予When the teenager's parents found out he was selling drugs, they handed him in to the police.这位青少年父母在发现他贩毒后将他交给了警察。hand [sb] off, hand off [sb] vtr phrasal sep (rugby: push away opponent) (橄榄球)推开The player managed to hand off two opponents before being brought down.那个球员在被扑到之前成功地推开两个对手。hand [sth/sb] over, hand [sb/sth] over vtr phrasal sep figurative (territory, child: surrender)交出Damascus has given the kidnappers of eight Syrian workers until Tuesday to hand the hostages over.大马士革要求绑架八名叙利亚工人的绑匪在星期二前交出人质。hang around with [sb], also UK: hang about with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (socialize with [sb])跟…在一起；跟…交往Since Harvey started hanging around with a group of older boys, he is always getting in trouble.自从哈维开始和一群大龄男孩混在一起，他总是惹麻烦。hang on to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (cling to)紧握住；紧紧抓住The slope was so steep and slippery that I had to hang on to a tree to avoid falling.hang out with [sb] vi phrasal + prep slang (be with: friends)与…厮混Since he got a girlfriend he's stopped hanging out with his friends.自从有了女朋友，他就不再与朋友们厮混了。hang up on [sb] vi phrasal + prep (end phone call)挂断…的电话happen on [sth/sb], happen upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep dated, literary (find, encounter)偶然发现；偶然遇到I happened on an interesting article about Cuba in the newspaper.harp on at [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (nag)在...耳边唠叨；对...絮聒My mother always harps on at me about doing my chores.haul [sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative (bring in to question)逮捕…haul [sb] up, haul up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (call [sb] to account)要求…作出解释；have at [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (attack, assault: [sb])攻击某人；袭击某人Have at you, Sir! cried Sherlock Holmes, drawing his sword-stick.have [sb] on vtr phrasal sep informal (tease, try to fool)戏弄；愚弄备注: Commonly used in continuous tenses.'I don't believe it!' exclaimed Harry. 'You're having me on!'have [sb] over, also UK: have [sb] round, have [sb] around vtr phrasal sep informal (receive as a guest)邀请…来做客have [sb] round vtr phrasal sep UK (invite to home)邀请…来做客have [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal, usually passive (law: make [sb] appear at trial)使…出庭受审hear about [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (learn latest news)听说；知道关于…的消息Did you hear about the earthquake in Japan?hear back from [sb] vi phrasal + prep (receive a response)收到…的回复I sent my friend an e-mail and heard back from him immediately.hear from [sb] vtr phrasal insep (receive news from [sb])收到…的来信Do you hear from David these days? She hasn't heard from her brother in 3 months.你最近有收到大卫的来信吗？她有3个月没有收到她哥哥的信了。hear [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (listen to the end)听到底；听完I won't believe his excuse, but I'll hear him out.hedge [sth/sb] in vtr phrasal sep (enclose, surround)将…围起来；包围help [sth/sb] along vtr phrasal sep (give assistance to)有助于发展；促进help [sb] out, help out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (give assistance to)帮助…（渡过难关）；给…以帮助I'd like to help you out, but I'm short of money myself at the moment.我很想帮助你，不过目前我自己也很缺钱。hem [sb/sth] in, hem in [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (confine, enclose)包围；围住Troops were dispatched to hem in the enemy, until artillery could be brought up to pound them into submission.hide behind [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (use to conceal yourself)躲在...后面His friends, who were all hiding behind the door, leaped out and shouted "Surprise!"hide behind [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (use as excuse)以...为借口；假借...之名She always hid behind her intellect so as not to show her emotional vulnerability.；hire [sb] out, hire out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (employ temporarily)暂时雇佣hire [sb] out, hire out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (for temporary employment)短期受雇hit back at [sb] vi phrasal + prep (retaliate against)往后撞在…上The victim of the attempted mugging hit back at his attackers, and they ran off empty-handed.hit back at [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep figurative (respond to criticism)反驳..., 回击...The pop star has hit back at her critics with a series of tweets.hit [sb] in vtr phrasal sep (baseball: win points from hit) (棒球术语)安打得分The batter hit in two runners.hit off [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (describe aptly)刻画；恰当描述hit off [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep US (imitate in order to satirize) (为了讽刺)模仿hit on [sb] vtr phrasal insep mainly US, slang (flirt with, try to seduce) (俚语)勾引；与...调情；向...示爱Gladys told the guy who was hitting on her to get lost.格拉迪斯让那个勾引她的男人滚开。hit out at [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (show aggression to)抨击After Tony had teased him for more than an hour, Pete finally hit out at him.hit out at [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (criticize)抨击；强烈批评The actress has hit out at critics, who she claims have misunderstood her performance.hit [sb] up vtr phrasal sep slang (contact)联系I'm looking for a room to rent; if anyone knows of anything, hit me up.我要租一间房，如果任何人有相关消息，请联系我。hit [sb] up vtr phrasal sep slang (approach for money)联系...以获取财物Dave is always hitting his friends up when he's short on cash.戴夫缺钱的时候总是去找他的朋友。hold [sb] back vtr phrasal sep (restrain [sb] physically)阻止, 阻挡；控制, 抑制The boys started fighting so teachers came to hold them back.男孩们开始打架，所以老师过来阻止他们。hold [sb] back vtr phrasal sep figurative (hinder [sb]'s progress)碍事；阻挡…前进She wants to be an actress but a lack of talent is holding her back.她想成为一名演员，但缺乏天赋阻碍了她的发展。hold down [sth/sb], hold [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (restrain) (本义)把…按住让其不能动弹Hold his arms down so he'll stop hitting me!把他手臂按住，这样他就不能继续打我了！hold [sth/sb] down, hold down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (restrain or repress)压制；控制；限制I find it hard to hold down my anger when I see someone drop litter.看到有人乱扔垃圾时，我发现很难控制住自己的怒气。hold [sth/sb] off vtr phrasal sep (prevent attack)抵挡The soldiers managed to hold off the attacking forces for three days.士兵们成功抵挡了攻击部队三天之久。hold on to [sth/sb], hold onto [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (grasp, clutch)抓住…不放If you think you are going to slip, hold on to my arm.如果你觉得自己要滑倒了，就牢牢抓住我的手臂。hold out against [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (continue to resist)持续抵抗；持续抵制The remote mountain village held out against the foreign armies.I'm holding out against joining Facebook.这偏远的山村顶住了外国军队的进攻。//我坚决不加入Facebook。hold out on [sb] vi phrasal + prep (refuse to give information)瞒着，对...保密Please don't hold out on me; just tell me who did it!请不要瞒我了，告诉我是谁干的！hold out on [sb] vi phrasal + prep (refuse to give [sth] to [sb])隐瞒；保留I need Jason's help but he is holding out on me.我需要杰森的帮助但是被他拒绝了。hold [sb] over vtr phrasal sep informal (be enough for now)让...现在不用考虑；使...暂时不用做I've got some potatoes and some tinned vegetables; that will hold me over until I go to the shops on Saturday.hold [sb] to [sth] vtr phrasal sep (expect [sb] to honour [sth])使某人遵守某事He said he would come and see me and I'll hold him to that.You made a promise and we will hold you to your word.hold [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (keep waiting)耽搁；使停顿；延迟Aren't you ready yet? You're holding us all up!你还没准备好吗？我们都被你耽误了！hold [sth/sb] up, hold [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (rob at gunpoint)持枪抢劫Two masked men tried to hold up a bank, but police arrived and arrested them.两个戴面具的人企图持枪抢劫一家银行，但警察赶来后便将他们逮捕了。home in on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (go towards: a target, etc.)导向目标追踪Airplane pilots use radar, wind speed and direction, and air traffic reports to home in on the destination airport.home in on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (focus attention on)集中注意力于hone in on [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep US, nonstandard but common (go towards: a target, etc.)向...走去；向...集中备注: The correct form is "home in on".备注: 虽然属于不正确用法，但非常常见hook [sth/sb] up, hook [sb/sth] up vtr phrasal sep (connect, attach)连接；接通The nurse hooked the patient up to a machine to monitor his heart rate.护士将病人与一台机器上连接来监测他的心率。hook [sth/sb] up to [sth], hook [sb/sth] up to [sth] vtr phrasal sep (connect, attach)将…连接到I had to hire an expert to hook up my computer to the office network.我需要请一位专家将我的电脑连上办公室的网络。hook up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, slang (become friends)跟…结交hook up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, slang (make contact)联系上；与...取得联系hook up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, slang (engage in sexual activity with)与...过夜；与...发生性关系hook [sb] up with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (put [sb] in touch with a person or group)让...与...建立联系；让...与...交流hop [sb] up, hop up [sb] vtr phrasal sep US (excite)使…兴奋；使…激动hop [sb] up, hop up [sb] vtr phrasal sep US (stimulate with drugs)用药物使…兴奋hose [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (spray [sth] clean)用软管浇，淋；用软管冲洗Sailors hosed down the decks with seawater.hover over [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (float, be suspended above)盘旋于；在…上空盘旋A police helicopter hovered over the building in which the terrorists had taken refuge.hover over [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (attend or supervise impatiently)（不耐烦地在附近）徘徊；守候Jeff's new boss was always hovering over him and making him feel uncomfortable and nervous.hunt [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep (find criminal)搜寻；搜索；追捕The cop swore he would hunt down the murderer.那警察发誓一定要找到凶手。hunt for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (seek, search for)寻找；搜寻I was hunting for the keys, but they won't appear. The detectives hunted for the clue that would finally solve the crime.我一直在找钥匙，但它却不见了。侦探们在搜寻最终破案的线索。hunt for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (scavenge for, track down)猎取My cat hunts for mice every night.hunt up [sb/sth], hunt [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (find [sb/sth])搜寻；寻找Steve hunted up some wood to put on the fire.hurry [sb] along vtr phrasal sep (make [sb] rush)让…赶快hurry [sb/sth] away, hurry away [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (quickly make [sb/sth] leave)让…迅速离开The bride was hurried away so her fiance wouldn't see her in her wedding gown before the ceremony.hurry [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (rush [sb])催某人赶快；让某人赶快You'd better hurry Mike up because otherwise we'll miss our flight.你最好去催麦克赶快，不然我们要误机。hype [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (get excited)使…兴奋；impose on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (force yourself on [sb])硬缠着（某人）；强迫（某人）与己为伴Ken imposed on his hosts and made them irritable.impose on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (inconvenience [sb])给...带来麻烦I don't want to impose on you but could you collect my dry cleaning?impress [sth] on [sb], impress [sth] upon [sb], impress upon [sb] [sth] vtr phrasal sep (stress the importance of)使...明白...的重要意义；使...牢记...的重要性I must impress upon you all the need for complete secrecy. Ken tried to impress the importance of hard work on his children.我必须使你们牢记严格保密的重要性。肯想使自己的孩子明白勤劳的重要性。imprint on [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (bird, person: attach psychologically) (心理)依恋；喜爱The birds had imprinted on their keeper, and followed him around the yard.jack [sb] off, jack off [sb] vtr phrasal sep vulgar, slang (bring to orgasm)手淫He asked her to jack him off, but she refused and left.他要她帮他手淫，但她拒绝了，然后走了。jeer at [sb] vtr phrasal insep (shout at, taunt [sb])嘲笑，讥讽At the bar, the rowdy men jeered at the loser of the fight.jerk [sb] around vtr phrasal sep slang (waste time of, deceive)欺骗…I hope Kieran doesn't jerk Fiona around like he did his last girlfriend.jump on [sb], jump all over [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (criticize, find fault with)责备；责骂；斥责备注: 指一发现有错就立马责备Olivia jumped on her husband for being slow to offer the guests another drink.jump out, jump out at [sb] vi phrasal figurative, informal (be noticeable)打眼, 显眼, 突兀It really jumps out at you.它真的很抢眼。；keep [sth/sb] back vtr phrasal sep (prevent getting closer)使无法靠近A fence around the racing track keeps spectators back.keep [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep (prevent from entering)防止…进入；使…不能进入A waterproof jacket will keep the rain out.防水夹克能够防止雨水进入。keep [sb/sth] safe vtr phrasal sep (avoid harm coming to)使…保持安全；防止…遇到危险I promised to always keep you safe and I meant it. Would you keep my camera safe while I go for a swim, please?我承诺过会一直保护你，我是认真的。我去游泳时，你能帮我保管好相机吗?keep [sb] under vtr phrasal sep (keep under oppression)控制；压制keep [sb] under vtr phrasal sep informal (keep under anesthesia)使麻醉keep [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (prevent [sb] from sleeping)使…睡不着The baby's crying kept her parents up all night.婴儿的哭声让她的父母整晚都无法入睡。keep up with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (go as fast)跟上…的步伐The old woman struggled to keep up with her agile young granddaughter.那位老妇人努力跟上她敏捷的小孙女。keep up with [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (perform as well) (某人)跟上Stella is failing to keep up with her classmates in maths.斯特拉无法跟上同班同学的学习数学的进度。keep up with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (stay in contact with [sb])跟…保持联系Even though we rarely see one another these days, I try to keep up with my cousins via postcards and emails.即使我们现在很少见面，我还是尽可能通过明信片和电子邮件与表兄妹保持联系。key on [sb/sth], key in on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep US (single out as important)盯防The basketball team keyed in on their opponent's star player.key [sb] up, key up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (excite)使…激动；使…兴奋kick [sb] around, kick around [sb], kick about [sb], kick around [sb] vtr phrasal sep (mistreat, abuse)虐待kick [sb/sth] out, kick out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (expel or eject)赶走，把…踢走；开除The teacher kicked me out of class for refusing to turn off my iPod.因为我拒绝关掉iPod，所以老师把我从教室里赶了出去。kiss [sb/sth] off, kiss off [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep US, figurative, slang (disregard, consider lost)放弃；死了...的心Kiss off your inheritance: your mother left everything to her cousins twice removed.kiss up to [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, slang (be obsequious towards)拍马屁；讨好；巴结You can kiss up to your boss but you're still not guaranteed a pay rise.kit [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (provide [sb] with clothes)给…提供衣物kit [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (equip [sb])装备…knacker [sb] out vtr phrasal sep UK, slang, vulgar (make exhausted)使筋疲力尽I've knackered myself out shopping all day!我一整天都在购物，累死我了！knock [sb] around, also UK: knock [sb] about vtr phrasal sep informal (punch or treat roughly)粗暴对待；拳打脚踢knock around with [sb], knock about with [sb] vi phrasal + prep UK, informal (spend time with)与...共度时光knock [sb] back vtr phrasal sep informal (impede progress of) (进展)阻碍，妨碍The unexpected obstacle knocked her back and she was not able to finish on time.意想不到的困难阻碍了她，使她无法按时完成。knock [sb] back [sth] vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (cost)使某人付出某物；让...破费That new car must have knocked you back a fair amount!knock [sb] down, knock down [sb] vtr phrasal sep (pedestrian: hit with a vehicle)驾车撞倒The car knocked him down as he crossed the street.他过马路的时候被一辆车撞倒了。knock [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (strike unconscious)撞昏；击昏The goalkeeper collided with the striker and knocked him out.守门员与前锋相撞，把他撞昏了。knock [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (send to sleep)使入睡；使丧失意识The chloroform knocked her out.氯仿使她入睡。knock [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (KO: defeat in boxing match) (拳击)击倒，打败The boxer knocked out his opponent in the third round.拳击手在第三轮时击倒了对手。knock [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (competitor: eliminate)将…淘汰出局In the semi-final of the competition, Manchester United knocked Liverpool out.半决赛时，曼联将利物浦淘汰出局。knock [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (impress)给…留下深刻印象Sophie knocked everybody out with her great singing voice.索菲用自己动人的歌喉给所有人留下了深刻印象。knock [sb] over, knock over [sb] vtr phrasal sep (pedestrian: hit with a vehicle)（驾车）撞翻；撞倒The bus was delayed because a cyclist was knocked over by a car.公交车之所以迟到，是因为有一名自行车骑手被一辆轿车撞翻在地。knock [sb] up vtr phrasal sep often passive, slang (make pregnant) (俚语)使怀孕，使受孕Her boyfriend knocked her up when she was 16, which put an end to her dreams of being an actress.knock [sb] up vtr phrasal sep UK, informal (call on) (非正式用语)敲门叫醒Knock me up next time you're passing and we'll have a coffee together.Knock me up when you've finished work.；lash out against [sb] vi phrasal + prep (attack verbally)猛然怒斥；严厉斥责She bottles up her anger towards her mother and then lashes out against her husband for no reason.lash out at [sb] vi phrasal + prep (try to strike)猛烈攻击；猛击Davies suddenly lashed out at his victim, punching Mr. Jackson to the ground.lash out at [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (attack verbally)严责；痛斥Adam's always lashing out at everyone.latch on to [sth/sb], latch onto [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (cling)缠住…不放Sea lampreys latch on to passing fish, sharks, and even humans.latch on to [sb], latch onto [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (follow [sb] around)缠着；缠着不放She's so clingy, she just latches on to whatever boy she meets.lather [sb/sth] up vtr phrasal sep (cover with lather)给…涂上泡沫laugh [sb/sth] down, laugh down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (ridicule [sb/sth])嘲笑；嘲讽lay about [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep UK (attack, beat)打…lay into [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (attack)殴打；痛打The attacker laid into his victim with several punches to the head.lay into [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (criticize)责骂...Kate laid into her husband for arriving late.lay [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (make redundant)解雇；解聘The current economic crisis has led many companies to lay off some of their employees.当前经济危机已导致许多公司解雇部分员工。lay off [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (stop bothering: [sb])别再烦；别再骚扰Lay off your sister for five minutes, would you? You've teased her enough.让你姐妹休息五分钟，好吗？你已经戏弄她够久了。lay [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang (punch, knock over)打昏；打晕His punch laid his opponent out and he won the boxing match.他用拳头打昏了对手，并赢得了那场拳击比赛。lay [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (prepare body for funeral)给尸体做殡葬准备The funeral home is going to lay my dead aunt out for viewing tomorrow.明天殡仪馆会安置好我死去的姑妈，供大家悼念。lay [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal, often passive (confine to bed) (非正式用语)使卧床不起A bad dose of flu can lay you up for several days.lead [sth/sb] away vtr phrasal sep (guide elsewhere)将...引开；把…引到别的地方lead [sth/sb] back vtr phrasal sep (show way to original location)将...带回I've forgotten the way to the hotel: could someone lead me back, please?lead [sb] on vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (mislead) (非正式用语)哄骗；误导I thought he loved me, but he was just leading me on.我以为他爱我，可他其实一直在哄骗我。lead [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (guide to the exit)领…出去lean on [sb], lean upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep (rely on for support) (比喻)依靠You can always lean on me.你可以总是依靠我。lean on [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (pressure to do [sth])威胁，恐吓；对…施加压力The president's advisors are leaning on him to back the deal.顾问们向总统施压来支持这笔交易。lean toward [sth/sb], lean towards [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (tend towards, prefer) (比喻)倾向于In the upcoming election, he is leaning towards the Democrats.leap out at [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (be obvious)跃现于...脑海中，跃然...的心中；对...顿时明了The detective was drinking his tea when suddenly the answer leaped out at him: the butler had done it.leave [sth/sb] behind vtr phrasal sep (fail to bring)拉下；忘带It wasn't until I got to the airport that I found I had left my passport behind.等到了机场，我才发现没带护照。leave [sb/sth] behind vtr phrasal sep (get ahead of)超过；把…抛在后面The sprinter from Nigeria left all the other runners behind.尼日利亚的短跑运动员把所有的其他运动员都甩在了后面。leave [sb] behind vtr phrasal sep figurative (perform better) (比喻)超过，超越，把…落在后面From a very early age, Joseph has always left his peers behind.从很小的时候起，约瑟夫便总是将同龄人甩在身后。leave [sth/sb] behind vtr phrasal sep (shed, escape [sth/sb] unwanted)摆脱；逃脱；逃离Brian has a good job now and has left his days of poverty behind him.现在布莱恩有了一份好工作，摆脱了贫困的日子。；leave [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (person: exclude)把…排除在外；不包括All the other children were invited to the party, but I was left out.所有其他的孩子都被邀请参加派对，唯独我被排除在外。leech off [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (scrounge from [sb] else) (比喻)吸…的血，从…身上榨取Martin doesn't have a job; he leeches off his parents and brother.leech [sth] off [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (obtain [sth] from [sb] else)从…处搞到Trevor leeched a few dollars off his friend so that he could buy some ice cream.let [sb] down, let down [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (disappoint, fail)使某人失望You had better get straight A's in school -- don't let me down!你最好在学校里得全A，别让我失望！let [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (find [sb] not guilty)无罪释放The man was charged with assault, but the judge let him off due to insufficient evidence.这名男子被控袭击罪，但因证据不足，法官判他无罪。let [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (forgive, not punish)放过Alfie forgot to do his homework, but the teacher let him off.阿尔菲忘记做家庭作业，但老师放过了他。let [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (excuse [sb] from a duty, job)允许某人不用做某事Ian's boss let him off for a couple of hours to visit his mother in hospital.伊恩的老板给他放了几个小时假，让他去探望住院的母亲。let [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep (allow to exit)放出去；放走Don't forget to let the cat out before you lock up for the night!晚上锁门前别忘了把猫放出去！let [sth/sb] out, let [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep (free from captivity)释放The government finally let out the political prisoners.政府最终释放了政治犯。level with [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (speak honestly to)跟…说实话He decided to level with her about the dent in the car and told her about the accident.lie with [sb/sth] vi phrasal archaic (have sex with)与...有性关系；与...做爱The man was discovered lying with a woman who was married to another.lift [sb/sth] out, lift out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep UK (outsource: a team) (团队)外包listen out for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (try to hear)注意听；留心听live for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (take as one's reason for living)为…而活liven [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (make more energetic)使精神振作I know you're feeling tired. Hopefully this jog will liven you up.；load [sb/sth] down, load down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep often passive (make carry [sth] heavy)使承担重负；使负荷沉重The farmer loaded the donkey down.load [sb] down, load down [sb] vtr phrasal sep often passive (burden with problems, work, etc.)加以重负，加以重压；使负担过重My boss is always loading me down and then blaming me for not finishing my projects on time.lock [sb] away vtr phrasal sep informal (person: put in prison)将…关进监狱That man has committed terrible crimes; the judge is going to lock him away for a long time.lock [sb] away vtr phrasal sep informal (person: put in institution)把…关进精神病院lock [sb] down, lock down [sb] vtr phrasal sep (restrict movement of people)禁止...活动；封禁lock [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (imprison)将…锁起来They locked him up in a cell that was barely large enough to move around in.他们将他关押在一个几乎能走动的牢房里。lock [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (sentence to jail)将…关进监狱The judge should lock up the murderer and throw the key away!法官应该将杀人犯关进监狱，判处无期徒刑。look after [sb] vtr phrasal insep UK (child: be guardian) (对孩子)照顾，照看，照料Who will look after the children while we're away?我们不在的时候，谁来照顾孩子？look around for [sb/sth], also UK: look round for [sb/sth], look about for [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (seek in surrounding area)四处寻找I misplaced my keys, so I'll have to look around for them.look back on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (recall, reminisce about)回首；回顾；回忆I look back on my years in school and smile.look down on [sb], look down upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (feel superior to) (比喻)看不起，鄙视It is wrong to look down on people less fortunate than yourself.看不起不如自己幸运的人是错误的。look for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (search for, seek)搜寻；寻找Some people look for love on the internet. I looked for you, but I couldn't find you.有些人在网上寻找真爱。我想找你，但是没找到。look in on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (visit or check in passing)短暂拜访某人While I'm in town I should look in on my parents.Please look in on the baby and make sure she's tucked in.look on [sb] as [sth], look upon [sb] as [sth] vtr phrasal insep (regard, consider: as)把…视为；把…看成I always looked upon him as a brother.我总是把他视作兄弟。look out for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (stay vigilant)提防；留神，小心You must look out for snakes when walking in these hills.走在这些小山上时，你须要提防蛇类。look out for [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (person: take care of)照料；照看Jimmy's brothers have looked out for him since their parents died.自从吉米父母去世后，便由他的兄弟们来照顾他。look through [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (appear not to see, be oblivious to) (比喻)目光穿过I said hello but he looked right through me.我向他打招呼，不过他目光穿我而过，似乎看不见我。look [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (seek information)查有关…的信息If you don't know who Ada Lovelace was, look her up online.如果你不知道Ada Lovelace是谁，可以上网查一下。look [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (try to contact)尝试联系Look me up the next time you're in town.你下次在镇上的时候来看看我。look up to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (admire and respect [sb])敬爱；尊敬；崇敬Ideally, children should look up to their parents.理想情况下，孩子们应该敬爱自己的父母。look upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (regard, consider: as)看成；看待I look upon television as a bad influence.我将电视看成一种不良影响。look upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep literary (gaze at, take in)（带着某种情绪）看The sculptor looked upon his latest creation with pride.雕刻家自豪地看着自己最新的作品。loop [sb] in, loop in [sb] vtr phrasal sep (bring into a conversation)将...加进对话；让...加入社交loosen [sb] up, loosen up [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (make [sb] more relaxed, less vigilant)使...松懈；使...放松Oliver is quite shy, but a glass of wine usually loosens him up.lose out to [sb] vi phrasal + prep (be beaten by [sb])被凑；被打The driver lost out to the reigning champion on the final lap.这位车手在最后一圈输给了卫冕冠军。；make after [sb] vtr phrasal insep dated (chase) (过时用语)追逐；追求make [sth] out to [sb/sth], make out [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (cheque: address to) (支票)把…开给Please make your cheque out to "James Stephenson".请将你的支票开给“詹姆斯·斯蒂芬森”。make out with [sb] vi phrasal + prep US, slang (kiss, touch sexually)和…亲热Last night at the party I made out with a girl.昨晚聚会上我和一个女孩打得火热。make over [sb], make [sb] over vtr phrasal sep (person: change look)给…化妆She went and made herself over with new makeup and a new hair cut and color.她去给自己化上新的妆容还换了新的发型和发色。make up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (be reconciled)与…和好；与…重归于好I haven't made up with Alex yet after yesterday's fight.昨天吵架之后，我还没有和艾利克斯和好。make up to [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, informal (fawn)巴结；讨好；奉承That guy makes me sick; he's always making up to the boss.march against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (demonstrate, protest about)向…进军The protesters went to Washington to march against increased taxes.match up to [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep UK, figurative, informal (be as good as)比得上；和…一样好Sadly, the reality of modelling did not match up to Tracy's dreams.遗憾的是，真实的模特职涯与特雷西的梦想千差万别。measure up to [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep figurative (match, be equal to)达到…的要求；符合…的标准Rodgers has proved that he is capable of measuring up to the demands of the job.measure [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (calculate size: for clothing) (为裁剪或购买衣服)给…量尺寸The dress designer was measuring Brenda up.measure [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative (assess, scrutinize)评估；估量Colin knew about the vacant position and was aware that his boss was measuring him up.meet up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (see socially) (通过安排)与某人会面I'll meet up with you again tonight.今晚我会再与你会面。mess around with [sb], also UK: mess about with [sb] vi phrasal + prep slang (tease)戏弄；与…开玩笑Why are you so upset? We were just messing around with you.别这么难过。我们刚刚跟你开玩笑呢。mess around with [sb], also UK: mess about with [sb] vi phrasal + prep slang (have an affair)与…鬼混；与…胡搞Helen caught her husband messing around with another woman.海伦抓到丈夫与别的女人鬼混。mess [sb] around, also UK: mess [sb] about vtr phrasal insep slang (treat disrespectfully)为...带来不便；怠慢I'm sorry to mess you around, but I need to change the date of our meeting.很抱歉为您带来不便，不过我必须变更我们会议的日期。mess [sb] up, mess up [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative, slang (cause emotional problems)使…的情绪出问题The death of Charlotte's boyfriend really messed her up.男友的死使夏洛特的情绪大出问题。mess with [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (anger) (俚语)招惹Don't mess with Stan because he'll smash your face in.不要招惹斯坦，他会生气的。mess with [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (tease)戏弄；与…开玩笑It's just so much fun to mess with him!戏弄他太好玩了！mind out for [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep UK (pay attention to)注意；当心；小心minister to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (give care or aid)侍候；服侍；服侍The doctor ministered to her patients. The priest ministered to his congregation.mix with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (be sociable, mingle)与...交往；与...交际The politician mixed with the crowd, saying hello to everybody.mix with [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (socialize)与…交往；与…交际I like to mix with people of all ages as this helps broaden my outlook on life.moon over [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (think of [sb/sth] too much)思念，想念mouth off at [sb], mouth off to [sb] vi phrasal + prep slang (be rude to [sb])和...顶嘴, 对...无礼move in on [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (move closer to attack or capture)向…逼近；准备攻击When the signal was given the police quickly moved in on the suspect and arrested him.move in on [sb] vi phrasal + prep (make advances to)设法接近...He was about to move in on her when her boyfriend returned.move [sb] on, move on [sb] vtr phrasal sep often passive (compel to go elsewhere)驱赶…；命令…走开They went to the park, but once more the police moved them on.他们去了公园，但警察又把他们赶走了。move past [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (go by, pass)超过Thompson moved past the other runners into first position in the race.mow [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (pedestrian: knock over)撞倒, 撞翻She drove up onto the sidewalk and mowed him down with her car.mow [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (kill en masse)撂倒，杀死；大败（对手）Bank robbers mowed down the police with machine guns.muck about with [sb/sth], muck around with [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep UK, slang (waste time on)瞎摆弄；与...瞎混；在...上浪费时间I've spent an hour mucking about with passwords and haven't even managed to log into the website yet!muck [sb] about, muck [sb] around vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (be inconsiderate)不替...着想, 不体谅...I wish you wouldn't muck me about like this. Why do you always cancel at the last minute?muscle in on [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (displace, compete with)取代...；与...竞争I told Jack that the project was his territory and I didn't want to muscle in on him.muscle [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (force to exit, withdraw)将...逼走；逼迫...离开muster [sb] in vtr phrasal sep US (enlist in military)参军；入伍；muster up [sth/sb], muster [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (gather up: people, supplies, etc.)聚集；汇集neaten [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (make [sb] presentable)梳洗整齐nose [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep (narrowly defeat)险险胜过；以毫厘之差胜过Horse number seven seemed all set to win, but then number eleven nosed him out.nose [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep (detect)嗅出；通过嗅觉找到After the avalanche, bloodhounds nosed out the buried skiers.offer [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (present as a sacrifice)奉献给（上帝）Agamemnon offered up his daughter as a sacrifice to Zeus.order [sb] about vtr phrasal sep (be bossy toward [sb])对...颐指气使order [sb] around, UK: order [sb] about vtr phrasal sep informal (be bossy towards)不断对…发号施令；将…差来遣去Don't try to order me around; you aren't my boss.order up [sth/sb], order [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (military: call [sth/sb] to duty) (军队)命令上战场order up [sb] vtr phrasal insep (move in a card game)让...加入；pack [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (send [sb] somewhere)送某人去...；送走某人；把某人打发走pair [sth/sb] off, pair off [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (match, put together in twos)将...配对The teacher made all the kids groan when he paired the boys off with the girls and made them learn how to dance.pair up [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (find a match for [sb] or [sth])牵线；牵线搭桥；配对palm [sth] off on [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (get rid of [sth] by giving it to [sb]) (非正式用语)转手摆脱，转手处理掉The car was such a junker that she couldn't palm it off on anybody.那辆车车况极为糟糕，她没法转手给任何人。pass by [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (go past)从 …旁边经过It's hard to pass by a mirror without looking at your reflection.从镜子旁边经过的时候能难不去照一下。pass by [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (ignore, overlook)不予理会；忽略The shoppers passed by the tomatoes even though they were reduced in price.购物者们忽略了那些番茄，即便它们在降价处理。pass [sb] by vtr phrasal sep figurative (go unnoticed by)没有被 …注意到就过去了Sadly, my brilliant joke passed him by.很遗憾，我精彩绝伦的笑话没有被他注意到就过去了。pass [sth/sb] off as [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (present falsely)把…冒充成He tried to pass himself off as an expert, but we could tell he didn't know much.他试图把自己冒充成专家，但我们看得出他只有一知半解。pass over [sb], pass [sb] over vtr phrasal sep (not give consideration to)对…不予考虑Even though Mary had worked as a manager in that department she was passed over for promotion.尽管玛丽在那个部门做过经理，不过还是对她的升职不予考虑。pat [sb] down vtr phrasal sep (check for concealed items)搜身patch [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (person: treat injury)仓促地包扎（或处理）伤口Don't worry, the doctors will patch you up in no time.；pay [sb] back vtr phrasal sep (return money to)还钱给I will pay you back the £5 tomorrow.明天我会还你5英磅。pay [sb] back vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (take revenge on) (比喻)算账；报复After John embarrassed Susan, she paid him back by playing a joke on him.约翰让苏珊感到尴尬，她讲了一个玩笑报复他。pay [sb] back for [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (take revenge for [sth])因为…报复…How shall I pay him back for that dirty trick he played on me?我应该怎么来回报他捉弄我的卑鄙行为？pay [sb] back for doing [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (take revenge for [sth])因为…报复…I still haven't paid you back for humiliating me in front of all my friends.我还没有跟你算在我朋友面前羞辱我的账。pay [sb] off, pay off [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (bribe: [sb])付给…封口费，贿赂The businesswoman wanted Leo to stay quiet about her fraudulent practices, so she paid him off.这位女商人想让里奥放过她的欺诈行为，所以她进行了贿赂。peer at [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (look curiously at)凝视；仔细看Ana peered at her phone but couldn't read the number.peg [sth] on [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (assign guilt for: [sth] on [sb])把（罪名）认定给They tried to peg the murder on him but his family knew he was innocent.pen [sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative (trap, surround) (比喻)围住；包围The soldiers could not escape; they were penned in by enemy snipers.pension [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (make [sb] retire with pension)发养老金使…退休They thought he was getting too old for the job, so they pensioned him off.perk [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (enliven, cheer) (非正式用语)使…重新振作When I'm feeling sad, a pretty song always perks me up.当我伤心的时候，一首悦耳的歌总能让我振作起来。phase [sth/sb] into [sth] vtr phrasal sep (introduce in stages)分阶段地将…引入；逐步让…了解phone [sb] back, phone back [sb] vtr phrasal sep (return a phone call to [sb])给…回电话phone [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (call on the telephone) (非正式用语)给…电话，打电话给I'm going to phone up directory enquiries to get the number for the cinema.pick at [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (find fault with) (非正式用语)挑…的毛病Her mother was always picking at her about her appearance.pick [sb/sth] off, pick off [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep slang (kill one by one) (俚语)逐个杀死The police sniper picked off the bank robbers one by one.警方的狙击手瞄准那伙银行抢劫犯，将其逐个瞄准射杀。pick on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (harass, bully [sb])招惹；故意找茬；欺负Please don't pick on me because I'm small!请不要因为我身材矮小就来招惹我！pick [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (select)挑出；挑中The professor picked Ken out as his research assistant.教授挑中肯作为自己的研究助理。pick [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (identify)分辨出；识别出；认出The woman picked out the thief in an identity parade.那位女子在列队辨认嫌疑犯时认出了小偷。pick [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (collect in vehicle)开车接…I'll pick up the kids from school today.我今天开车去学校接孩子。pick [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (grasp, lift)拿起；提起I picked up the book which had fallen onto the floor.我捡起掉在地上的书。pick [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative, slang (seduce)勾引…；与…搭讪Lisa picked some guy up in a bar last night.昨晚丽莎在酒吧勾搭了一个男人。；pin [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (force to a decision, statement) (非正式用语)迫使某人明确表态；迫使某人做（决定）The reporters asked again and again whether he favored the bill, but they couldn't pin him down.记者们一遍又一遍地询问他是否赞成这项法案，但他们还是无法让他明确表态。pin [sb] down on [sth] vtr phrasal 3-part figurative, informal (force to a decision, statement) (非正式用语)迫使…就…明确表态；迫使…就…作出决定The interviewer struggled to pin the Prime Minister down on whether she planned to raise taxes.记者竭尽全力让首相表态是否计划增税。piss [sb] off, piss off [sb] vtr phrasal sep vulgar, slang (annoy, anger) (俚语，粗俗语)使生气，使厌烦That guy really pisses me off!那个人真让我生气！pitch into [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (attack verbally) (非正式用语)抨击Vince pitched into Ed, accusing him of lying.play against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (have as an opponent)与…比赛Every time I play against Tom, he beats me in every game.play along with [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (feign co-operation with)假装与…合作；假装与...配合I don't always do what my mother suggests, but I play along with her plans to make her happy.我并不总是听从母亲的建议，但我还是接受了她的计划，让她开心。play [sb/sth] off [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (set against: [sth] else)在...和...挑拨离间The capricious girl played off one suitor against the other.plow into [sth/sb] (US), plough into [sth/sb] (UK) vtr phrasal insep (crash into [sb] or [sth])撞上；撞入plow [sb] under (US), plough [sb] under (UK) vtr phrasal insep figurative (overwhelm) (人)压倒，压制； (人)埋没point at [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (indicate with finger)（用手指）指向It was him, said the witness, pointing at the defendant.point at [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (accuse)指责point at [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (be evidence for) (证据等)指向All the evidence points at Mr. Smith.polish [sth/sb] off, polish off [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep slang (dispose of, completely kill)杀死；干掉；poop [sb] out vtr phrasal sep US, informal (exhaust)使…筋疲力尽，使…疲惫不堪That long run has really pooped me out.posh [sb/sth] up, posh up [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep UK, informal (make more elegant) (物)使…更高雅； (人)使…更优雅press in on [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (make [sb] feel claustrophobic)向...涌来；朝...扑面而来It felt as if the crowd was pressing in on Pat, and she began to panic.pretty [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (improve appearance of)打扮；使漂亮"We need to pretty you up," said her sister, "before Tom takes you to the dance!"prop [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (support, steady)支撑，撑起；支持，扶持She propped up her book to keep her hands free for knitting.她把书撑起来，以腾出手来织毛衣。provide for [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (support financially)抚养；赡养He had a family to provide for, and couldn't waste money.他需要供养家庭，不能随便浪费钱。psych [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal, abbreviation (defeat by psychological means)在心理上压倒puff [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (make out of breath)让某人上气不接下气；让某人气喘吁吁That run has puffed me out.pull ahead of [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (overtake)赶上；赶超；领先pull ahead of [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep figurative (excel, outdo)胜过；超越pull for [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal, figurative (favour, support)划向，向…靠拢； (口语)非常同情，强烈支持； (口语)为…加油，为…打气You can win! We're all pulling for you.pull [sb] in, pull in [sb] vtr phrasal sep (crowds: attract, draw)吸引Circuses are not so popular today, but they used to pull in huge crowds.现在马戏团不那么受欢迎了，但在过去能吸引大量观众。pull [sb] in, pull in [sb] vtr phrasal sep mainly UK (police: detain, arrest)拘留...；逮捕 ...The police pulled Jake in for questioning about the burglary.警察逮捕了杰克，就入室盗窃进行讯问。pull [sb/sth] over vtr phrasal sep often passive (police: stop vehicle) (警察)让…把车停靠路边The police pulled us over for speeding.因为超速，警察让我们靠边停车。pull [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (reprimand)责难, 责备Whenever I use bad grammar, my English teacher pulls me up.我每次用错语法，我英语老师都会责备我。pump [sb/sth] up, pump up [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, slang (cause excitement)推动, 促进, 提振；给…打气The cheerleaders did a great job of pumping up the crowd.拉拉队员在调动观众情绪方面做得很好。punch [sb] out, punch out [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (hit unconscious)击倒, 击晕push [sth/sb] around vtr phrasal sep (move or shove about)把…推来推去push [sb] around vtr phrasal sep figurative (bully, order about)摆布；push [sth/sb] aside, push aside [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (dismiss, disregard)抛开；搁置；把…放到一边She decided to push aside all negative thoughts and thus became a happier person.push [sth/sb] away vtr phrasal sep (shove back) (动作)推开The toddler pushed the bowl of porridge away.push [sb] away vtr phrasal sep figurative (reject)拒绝，抗拒I wish Tom would talk to me about his worries instead of pushing me away.push [sth/sb] back, push back [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (force to retreat)使撤退；迫使后退The Austrians counter charged and pushed the Prussian cavalry back.奥地利人奋起反击，迫使普鲁士骑兵撤退。push on [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep literal (exert pressure against)对…施加压力；用力推push [sb] out, push out [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (exclude, oust)挤出, 逐出, 排除, 开除Her clique pushed her out when she made a major social faux pas.她在社交场合发生重大失礼，被逐出了自己的小圈子。push [sth/sb] over vtr phrasal sep (shove to the ground)推倒；把…推翻put [sb] away vtr phrasal sep often passive, informal (commit to a mental institution)把某人送进精神病院The sculptor Camille Claudel was put away in 1913 and died 30 years later.雕塑家卡蜜尔·克劳戴尔于1913年被送进精神病院，30年后去世。put [sb] away vtr phrasal sep often passive, informal (put into prison)把…关进监狱If they catch the murderer, they are likely to put him away for a very long time.如果他们抓住凶手，他们很可能会将他关进监狱很长一段时间。put [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal (disparage, speak ill of)蔑视, 贬低, 诽谤You shouldn't put him down like that.你不该那么贬低他。put [sb] down for [sth] vtr phrasal sep ([sb] promises to contribute [sth])记下…承诺捐赠So, can I put you down for a $20 donation this month? That's very generous of you. Can I put you down for £1,000?那么我能记下你这月准备捐款20美元？你真是太大方了。那我能记下你准备捐款1000英磅吗？put [sb/sth] down as [sth] vtr phrasal sep (consider [sb/sth] to be [sth])认为…是，把…看作put [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (discourage, deter)劝阻I don't want to put you off, but that make of car you're thinking of buying is very hard to maintain.我不想扫你兴，但是你想买的那个品牌的车很难保养。put [sb] off [sth] vtr phrasal sep (cause to dislike)使…反感，使…对…失去兴趣That was disgusting; it has put me off my dinner.这太恶心了，我都不想吃饭了。put [sb] off of [sth] vtr phrasal sep informal, nonstandard (cause to dislike)使…不喜欢…He was put off of seafood after getting food poisoning from some prawns.他吃虾导致食物中毒，从此之后就不喜欢吃海鲜了。put [sb] on vtr phrasal sep US, informal (try to fool)尝试愚弄；尝试欺骗备注: Usually used in continuous tenses."You're putting me on!" said Bob. "No," Neil insisted, "it's true".鲍勃说：“你在骗我！”奈尔却坚称：“我没有骗你，这是真的。”put [sb] on vtr phrasal sep (pass phone to)让...接电话Your mother's just come in and wants to speak to you; I'll put her on.put [sb] on to [sb], put [sb] onto [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (put in touch with)介绍...联系某人A friend of his father's put him on to Mr. Smith, and Mr. Smith hired him as a printer.put [sb] on to [sth], put [sb] onto [sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (inform about)向某人报告；将…告知某人put [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (inconvenience)给…造成不便I need a lift to the station, but I wouldn't want to put you out.我需要搭车去车站，但我不想给你添麻烦。put [sb] out vtr phrasal sep often passive, informal (aggrieve)使…苦恼；使…烦恼Sophie was put out by the fact that her partner expected her to do all the housework.苏菲的配偶希望她能做所有的家务，这让她很烦恼。put [sb] under vtr phrasal sep informal (anaesthetize)杀死；埋葬；使昏迷Local anesthetics don't work on me, so the dentist has to put me under.put [sb] up, put up [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (accommodate: [sb])为…提供住宿, 供给…住宿We would be happy to put you up when you next come to London.你下次来伦敦的时候，我们很乐意为你提供住宿。put [sb] up to [sth] vtr phrasal sep (persuade [sb] to do [sth])唆使某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事Rick was questioned by police but would not reveal who put him up to the crime.里克遭到警方的审问，不过就是不透露出唆使他犯罪的元凶。put upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (burden)强加于…头上The head of the department put upon Roger by giving him the responsibility for checking all the figures in the report.；rabbit on about [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep UK, slang (talk incessantly)没完没了地讲Barbara is always rabbiting on about her lazy husband.raise [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (lift, hold aloft)提起；举起A kid asked me to raise him up so he could see the parade better.一个小孩让我举起他，好让他更清楚地看到游行队伍。rally around, also UK: rally round [sb] vtr phrasal insep (support [sb])团结在…的周围；团结在…身边Everyone rallied round the mayor in his moment of crisis.rat on [sb] vtr phrasal insep slang (inform on)告发；告密Polly knew it was Tim who let the teacher's car tyres down, so she ratted on him.宝丽知道老师的车胎是提姆划破的，所以向老师告发了他。rat [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang (inform on)泄露了某人秘密；告发了某人Anna's parents found out that she was skipping school when her brother ratted her out.reach across [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (stretch arm over)伸手够，伸手拿Susie knocked my wine glass over when she reached across the table to get the salt.read [sb] in vtr phrasal sep dated (inform) (过时用语)告知read [sb] out, read out [sb] vtr phrasal sep US ([sb]: chastise)宣读Jack's boss read him out for not submitting the report on time.杰克的老板责怪他没有按时提交报告。read up on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (research)研究；查找...的信息I like to read up on a subject before expressing an opinion.ream [sb] out, ream out [sb] vtr phrasal sep US, slang (rebuke)责骂The mother reamed her boy out for breaking the window.reckon on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (count on, rely on)指望，依靠Brian hoped that he could reckon on his wife's support.reckon with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (take account of [sth/sb])考虑到；想到We thought we'd beat the other team easily, but we hadn't reckoned with their new striker.reckon with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (deal with [sb/sth])对付；解决Emily was surprised how many small difficulties she had to reckon with as a new mother.reckon without [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (fail to take account of [sth])忽略；未考虑Tony thought taking Nathan's lunch money would be easy, but he had reckoned without Nathan's older brother who was watching from the other side of the playground.reel [sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative (capture the attention of)引起…的注意；吸引到…的注意力The new neon sign in our window is really reeling in the customers.；rein [sb/sth] in vtr phrasal sep figurative (control, restrain)管制；控制Amanda was getting carried away with the project and was in danger of going over budget, so her boss had to rein her in.relate to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (empathize with)感受到；与…感同身受I can relate to his situation.对于他的处境，我可以感同身受。rely on [sb], rely upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep (have trust in)依赖；信赖Can you rely on her?你可以信赖她吗？rely on [sb], rely upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep (be dependent on) (人)依赖； (人)依靠My mother relies on me to go shopping for her.我妈妈要依赖我去购物。reply to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (answer, respond to)回答；回应He remained silent and did not reply to my question.reply to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (write back to)回信John's letter arrived six weeks ago; I really must reply to him.report back to [sb] vi phrasal + prep (give an account of [sth])向...汇报Go see what's happening over there, and report back to me.report to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (be accountable to: a superior)向...报告；对...负责；由...管理In the table of organization I report to the director, and eleven other people report to me.rid [sb/sth] of [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep formal (free of, clear of)从…中清除Henry was a very tidy man and, when he moved in, he rid Amanda's house of clutter.We haven't managed to rid all the children of their head lice yet.亨利是个十分整洁的男人，搬进来的时候，他从阿曼达的房子中清除了一大堆杂物。我们还未清除所有孩子们头上的跳蚤。ring [sb] up, ring up [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (call on the telephone)给…打电话；打电话给Please ring up Patty tonight, and invite her to our party.今晚请给帕蒂打电话，并邀请她来参加我们的派对。rip into [sb], tear into [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (criticize, berate)猛烈抨击；狠狠责备Nancy was furious with Jane and ripped into her.rip off [sb], rip [sb] off vtr phrasal sep slang (cheat, con)敲竹杠, 欺骗Some restaurants try to rip off foreign tourists.有些餐馆想要宰外国旅客。rise above [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (be unaffected by)不受…影响Prudence hoped she could rise above the petty gossip and narrow-minded behavior of those in the neighborhood.rise up against [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep figurative (revolt, protest)起义反抗；造反The oppressed people will rise up against their autocratic government.受压迫的民众起义反抗专制的政府。roll over for [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (submit to)顺从；听…的话You can't always expect me to roll over for you.root for [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (support, cheer on) (非正式用语)支持He always rooted for the underdog.root [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep (hunt down)找出；挖出The Prime Minister was determined to root out the terrorists and bring them to justice.rope [sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative (involve [sb])拉…帮忙，拉…参与The team didn't have quite enough players, so the members roped in a few of their friends.rough [sb] up, rough up [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (beat up)胖揍；痛殴A gang of youths roughed him up.rough up [sb], rough [sb] up (US), rough [sb] (UK) vtr phrasal sep informal (sports: abuse a player) (体育运动中)粗暴对待, 凶狠应对Go in there and rough up their best player, but don't get any fouls called on you.round [sth/sb] up, round up [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (people: bring together) (指人群)集合，召集If we want to play football we must first round up some players.如果想要踢足球，我们首先得召集一些球员。rout [sb/sth] out, rout out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep US (force from a place)将...赶走rub [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (rub thoroughly)擦遍rub off on [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (be transmitted to [sb] else)影响；感染Dad's bad mood rubbed off on the rest of us, and by the end of the day we were all arguing.爸爸的坏心情影响到了我们，那天结束后，我们都在争吵。rub off on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (be smeared onto [sth] else)擦到...上，蹭上The dirt from his clothes rubbed off on the furniture.他衣服上的尘土蹭到了家具上。rub [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (kill) (俚语)杀死，除去It's said he was rubbed out by the mob for stealing money from the casino.据说他因为从赌场偷钱，被黑帮杀掉了。rule [sb/sth] off vtr phrasal sep (disqualify [sb/sth] from contest)取消...参赛资格run across [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (encounter by chance)不期而遇, 偶然发现On the writers' weekend, I ran across a guy with a lot of useful contacts in the publishing world.I ran across this quote by Oscar Wilde while studying another author.在作家聚会的周末，我偶然遇到了一位在出版界颇有人脉的人。//在研究另一名作家时，我偶然读到了奥斯卡·王尔德的这句话。run after [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (chase)追赶My dog loves to run after a ball.我的狗喜欢追着球跑。run at [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (charge [sb/sth])冲向run [sth] by [sb], run [sth] past [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (check [sth] with [sb])就...问问...的意见；问问...对...的意见I'll run those dates by my boss to make sure he's available then.run [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep informal (disparage)贬低，诽谤Mark's girlfriend is always running him down; she never says anything nice about him.马克的女朋友总是贬低他，她从来没说过他的好话。run [sb/sth] down, run [sb/sth] down vtr phrasal sep (hit with a vehicle) (车辆)撞倒A man was injured when a car thief ran him down and sped off.偷车贼撞倒这个人之后迅速逃离，被撞的人也因此受伤。run in [sb], run [sb] in vtr phrasal sep informal (arrest)逮捕，抓捕The police ran in Meghan for shoplifting today.今天，梅根因入店行窃被警察逮捕了。run into [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (meet [sb] by chance)偶尔遇见；撞见I ran into my cousin yesterday at the market.昨天，我在超市偶遇了我表弟。run off with [sb] vi phrasal + prep (kidnap)绑架；绑走The man ran off with his son after losing custody.那个男人失去抚养权后拐跑了儿子。run off with [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, informal (leave partner for [sb] else)和...私奔Mrs. Johnson apparently ran off with her gardener!很显然，约翰逊夫人和她的园丁私奔了！run [sb] out of [sth] vtr phrasal sep (force to leave)把...驱逐出The townspeople ran the horse thief out of town.镇民们把偷马贼赶出了城。run out on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (leave spouse or partner) (伴侣)抛弃，离开run over [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (vehicle: knock down)撞倒；撞翻I'm so sorry; I accidentally ran over your cat!十分抱歉，我开车不小心碾到了你的猫！run to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (turn to for help)求助于某人；向某人求助Aren't you too old to keep running to your mother every time things go wrong?run up to [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (run to [sth/sb] and stop)跑向；奔向The boys ran up to the front of the church.男孩子们跑向教堂前面。run up against [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (face: challenges)面对...的挑战；遭遇了The explorers ran up against some serious problems when the weather suddenly worsened.run with [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, figurative (be friends with)与…结交；与…交往；与…为友He has been known to run with a bad crowd.sack [sb] off vtr phrasal sep slang (get rid of) (俚语)摆脱某人；解雇某人sail into [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (attack verbally)言语抨击；用言语攻击scare [sb/sth] away vtr phrasal sep (frighten off [sb], [sth])吓走The scarecrows in the garden did nothing to scare away the rabbits.scare [sb/sth] away from [sth], scare [sb/sth] away from doing [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (deter [sb], [sth])使…望而却步I don't mean to scare you away from taking this class, but it'll be a lot of work.scare [sb/sth] off vtr phrasal sep (frighten away)吓走The scarecrow was used to scare off birds.scare [sb] off vtr phrasal sep figurative (deter)使…望而却步I was worried that publishing the starting salary might scare off some potential applicants.scope [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (investigate)调查...；观察...；检查...We scoped out the restaurant to see if it would be a good place to celebrate Clive's birthday.screw [sb] over vtr phrasal sep slang, vulgar (betray)背叛某人；辜负某人He screwed me over by not putting my name on the report.screw with [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, figurative, slang, vulgar (try to deceive)欺骗screw with [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, figurative, slang, vulgar (waste the time of)耍，愚弄scrub [sth/sb] down, scrub down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (clean thoroughly)清洗；see after [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep US (look after, take care of)照顾；照料see [sb] in, see in [sb] vtr phrasal sep (welcome and show in)迎进来see [sb] off, see off [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (chase away or dismiss)赶走；赶开The dog saw off the cat that was eating its food.那只狗赶走了正在吃它食物的猫。see [sb] off, see off [sb] vtr phrasal sep (say farewell to)为（某人）送行He came to the airport with me to see me off. I'll drive you to the station and see you off.他跟我来机场，为我送行。我会开车送你去车站，为你送行。see [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (show to the door)送某人出门；送某人走see [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (bid farewell to)道别It was very late when he saw the last of the guests out.see [sb] through vtr phrasal sep informal (be sufficient)足以让…维持下去$150 a week is enough to see you through.每周150美元足以让你维持下去。seek [sth/sb] out, seek out [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (search, hunt)找出，找到After moving to a new city, she decided to seek out like-minded people.搬到一个新城市之后，她决定去找与自己志同道合的人。sell [sb] [sth] vtr phrasal sep mainly US (persuade to buy)将...推销给As hard as he tried, he couldn't sell her the car.虽然他很努力，但还是没能将车推销给她。sell [sb] on [sth] vtr phrasal sep mainly US (convince) (非正式用语)使某人同意某事； (想法等)把某事成功推销给某人；使某人赞成某事As hard as he tried, he couldn't sell her on the idea.虽然他很努力，但还是没能把那个想法成功推销给她。send [sb] down, send down [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (law: sentence to prison) (俚语，法律)处以某人徒刑，把…送进监狱；送某人进大牢Johnno's been arrested again; he's going to get sent down this time for sure!乔诺又被逮捕了，他这次肯定要进监狱了！send [sb] down, send down [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK (expel from university) (从大学中)开除，劝退William's parents were furious when he was sent down for smoking cannabis.send for [sb] vtr phrasal insep (summon)派人去请；派人去叫；召唤He is very ill, I think we should send for his parents to take him home.send [sb] for [sth] vtr phrasal sep (ask or order: [sb] to fetch [sth])派…去取，派…去拿；派…去买The doctor sent his assistant for some warm water.send [sb] off, send off [sb] vtr phrasal sep (direct [sb])派遣；派出The general sent more soldiers off into battle.将军派出了更多士兵投入战场。send [sth/sb] up, send up [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (mock, parody)取笑, 嘲弄In 1962 and 63, the programme "That was the week that was" would send up politicians on BBC television.set about [sb] vtr phrasal insep (attack: [sb])攻击，袭击；抨击The burglars set about their victim when they were disturbed.窃贼被干扰的时候，袭击了受害人。set [sb] against [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (cause to oppose [sb] or [sth])使某人与…对立Please don't set him against me by spreading rumors that I talk about him behind his back.set [sb] off vtr phrasal insep informal (make [sb] angry)使…生气Don't mention politics to Richard; you'll set him off.不要对理查德提政治，你会惹怒他的。set on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (attack)攻击；袭击When we refused to hand over our wallets, they set on us with a pair of baseball bats.我们拒绝交出钱包，他们就用一对棒球棒攻击我们。set [sth/sb] on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (let loose)让…对…发起袭击；使…袭击；释放……，放出……，放开……The hunters set the dogs on the scent.猎人放出猎犬来追踪气味。set [sth/sb] on [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (urge to attack)让…攻击…If you go into that garden, the owner will set his dog on you.如果你进到花园里，花园的主人就会让狗攻击你。set [sb] straight vtr phrasal sep figurative (correct, clarify [sth] for)澄清；纠正I used to think that NY was the capital of America until my friend Paul set me straight (and told me it was Washington)set [sb] up, set up [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (incriminate falsely)陷害He's really paranoid and always thinks people are trying to set him up.他真的很偏执，总觉得别人想陷害他。set [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (two people: get together)安排…见面George and Lisa met when mutual friends set them up.乔治和丽萨的见面是两人的共同好友安排的。set upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (attack)攻击；袭击The gang set upon their victim without warning.The hounds set upon the fox.settle [sb] in vtr phrasal sep (help to feel at home)帮助…安顿下来；帮助…适应新环境The other students were very friendly and helped to settle Julia in.其他同学都很友好，他们帮助茱莉亚安顿下来。；sew [sth/sb] up, sew up [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (wound, patient: stitch)给（病人）缝合伤口；将（伤口）缝合起来The surgeon finished the operation and sewed the patient up.sex [sb] up, sex up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (arouse sexually)挑逗；激起...的性欲Here are some tips on how to sex a woman up.shack up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep slang (start cohabiting with)与某人未婚同居Nina shacked up with Henry twenty years ago and, although they've never married, they're still together.shake [sb] down, shake down [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang, chiefly US (extort money, blackmail)敲诈；勒索shake [sb/sth] down, shake down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep slang, chiefly US (search completely)彻底搜查；翻...个底朝天shake [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative (shock, upset)使震惊, 使不安The news that her husband had lost his job shook Leah up.丈夫失业的消息让利亚震惊不已。shoot [sb] down, shoot down [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (kill with gun)击毙The sheriff's posse shot down the outlaws as they tried to make their getaway.警长在歹徒试图逃跑时将他们击毙。shoot [sb/sth] down, shoot down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (discredit)击破…的论点；驳倒His idea was immediately shot down by the director.shout [sb] down vtr phrasal sep (speak more loudly than)大喊大叫以压倒；用喊叫声盖过Jennifer tried to talk at the convention but the delegates shouted her down.show [sb] in vtr phrasal sep (guide into a place)把…领进show [sth/sb] off vtr phrasal sep (display proudly)展示；炫耀When his famous mother came to school, he showed her off to all his friends.他那位有名的母亲来到学校时，他向所有的朋友炫耀她。show [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (escort to exit)送...出门；送走After the dinner party, Claire showed the guests out and said goodbye to them.show [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (embarrass, expose)使难堪；使尴尬Joan's husband got drunk and showed her up in front of the other guests.琼的丈夫喝醉了，让她在其他客人面前显得很尴尬。show [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (surpass [sb])超越；超过This is my sister's first time playing tennis and she's beating me; she is really showing me up.这是我姐妹第一次打网球，她打败了我，她真得让我很丢脸。shrink away from [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (be reluctant to face)逃避；躲避Paul always shrinks away from confrontation.shut [sth/sb] away vtr phrasal sep (keep confined)躲起来，与外界隔绝；把…藏起来Victor keeps his priceless wines shut away from prying eyes.shut [sth/sb] in vtr phrasal sep (enclose, confine)把…关起来We always shut the cat in when she's eating so that the dog doesn't disturb her.shut [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep (leave outside)把…关在外面Nancy always shuts the cat out at night.晚上，南希总是把猫咪关在外面。shut [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (not listen)不听；对…充耳不闻Brian shut out what Kate was saying; he didn't want to know.布莱恩对凯特正在说的话充耳不闻，他就是不想知道。shut [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep figurative (person: exclude)把…拒之门外The most exclusive sorority on campus usually shuts out most applicants.校园里最排外的姐妹会通常把绝大多数申请者拒之门外。shut [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep US (team: prevent scoring) (比赛)使…不能得分；阻止…得分The team's failure to shut the opposition out was extremely worrying.队伍没能阻止对手得分，很令人担忧。shut [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (make [sb] stop speaking)使…闭嘴；使…住口The dog kept barking, so Mick gave him a biscuit to shut him up.狗不停地叫，所以米克给了他一块饼干来，让他住口。shy away from [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (keep distance)避开The horse shied away from the elephant.那匹马避开了那只大象。side with [sb] vtr phrasal insep (support in a disagreement)站...那边；支持...；和...一边The party hopes the minister will side with them.sign [sb] off vtr phrasal sep often passive (authorize to miss work)批准…不上班The doctor signed Greg off for two weeks after his surgery.医生同意格雷格在手术后休息两周。sing along with [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (accompany [sth/sb] vocally)与...一起唱；跟着...唱single [sb] out, single out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (identify)认出The witness was asked to single out the offender in a line-up.警察要求目击者把罪犯从一排嫌疑犯中认出来。single [sb/sth] out, single out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (select specifically)挑出；捡出The teacher always singles me out and I never know the answer to her questions.老师总是单独叫我，但我从来不知道她问题的答案。sit down with [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (enter negotiations with)和…谈判In 1993 the Israelis sat down with the PLO in Oslo; the treaty was signed in Washington.sit for [sb] vtr phrasal insep (pose for: an artist)为（某人）做模特摆造型My great-great-grandmother sat for several Impressionist painters.size [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (assess, estimate)估计；估量Before a fight, I size the other man up to determine if I can beat him.拳击比赛前，我先估量一下对手，看能不能打败他。size [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (person: measure)打量；量The assistant sized Liz up and brought her a selection of jeans to try on.那名店员打量了一下丽斯的尺寸，给她拿来一条牛仔裤来试穿。skip out on [sb] vi phrasal + prep US, informal, figurative (leave, abandon)突然离开Her father skipped out on the family when she was young.skip out with [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep US, informal, figurative (leave: taking [sb], [sth])带着…离开slag [sb] off vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (criticize, speak ill of)诋毁, 贬损Nigel is always slagging off his boss.；slot [sth/sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative (find time for)（寻找机会）以让…插入；为…安排时间I can slot you in between lunch and my afternoon class.slot [sb] into [sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (find time for)抽时间做, 给…安排时间I think I can manage to slot you into the director's schedule; I'll have a look and call you back.smarten [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (make neater, tidier)将…弄得更整洁；将…打扮得更齐整My mother-in-law's coming to dinner so I need to smarten the house up a bit.smoke [sb/sth] out, smoke out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (drive out using smoke)用烟把…熏出smoke [sb] out, smoke out [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (expose wrongdoer)揭露, 使…公之于众We're setting up an hourly watch, trying to smoke out the person who keeps leaving the coffee pot empty.snow [sb] under vtr phrasal sep usually passive (overwhelm with work etc.)忙得不可开交；被工作压得喘不过气snow [sb] under vtr phrasal sep usually passive (sports: defeat completely)压倒，击败；一败涂地The points Jackson made kept his team from being snowed under.snuff [sb/sth] out vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (end: [sb/sth]'s life) (某人的生命)结束；扼杀, 杀死sober [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (help recover from drunkenness) (指醉酒后)让...清醒，让...醒酒Peter's friends made him drink lots of coffee in an attempt to sober him up.sock [sb] in, sock in [sb] vtr phrasal sep US, dated, often passive (weather: trap indoors) (天气)使...待在室内；阻止...外出soften [sb] up, soften up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (make more favorable to you) (指人的态度等)软化；使...柔和；使...心软；讨好The teenager did all the housework in an attempt to soften her parents up so they'd let her go to the party.sound [sb] out vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (elicit the opinion of)打听；探听I wonder what Jason thinks of the plan? We should sound him out.space [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang (drug: daze) (用了药物或毒品后)令人昏昏沉沉The doctor gave Jim some medication that spaces him out, but it does not seem to improve his condition.；speak for [sb] vtr phrasal insep (talk on behalf of)代表…讲话；代表…说话I think it's a good idea, but I can't speak for anyone else.speak out about [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (state one's opinion on)谈论；提起I don't hear you speaking out about the unfairness of that service fee, so don't complain to me!speak out against [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (state one's opposition to)坦率地发言反对Many people speak out against domestic violence.speak to [sb] vtr phrasal insep (resonate with [sb])与...共鸣speak up for [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (defend)发言支持；为…辩护My big brother spoke up for our sister when Mom was scolding her.spirit [sb/sth] away vtr phrasal sep (carry off, sneak away)把…悄悄带走split off from [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (separate from group)从...分裂出去；从...独立出去A number of left-wing politicians split off from the party to form a new one.split on [sb] vtr phrasal insep UK, slang, dated (inform on)举报，出卖，告发sponge off [sb/sth], also UK: sponge on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (obtain money, help)揩…的油Edward's friends are getting fed up with him sponging off them.spur [sb] on vtr phrasal sep figurative (encourage)激励；鞭策He was spurred on by the promise of a decent meal when he reached his destination.square up to [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (prepare to fight [sb/sth]) (指为了打架)对...摆好架势，对...摩拳擦掌The wrestler squared up to his opponent.square up to [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (prepare to solve a problem) (指解决问题)正视squeal on [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, slang (inform, tell on [sb])告某人的密；告发某人One of Alex's classmates squealed on him and he was sent to see the headteacher.艾利克斯的一名同班同学告发了他，随后他被送去见校长了。squeeze [sb/sth] in, squeeze in [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (manage to fit inside)把…塞进去The box was beginning to bulge but he managed to squeeze in two more books.squeeze [sb/sth] in, squeeze in [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (fit in schedule) (日程)把…安排进去The dentist was busy, but he managed to squeeze me in.stand behind [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (vouch for the trustworthiness of)支持；做...的后盾stand by [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (help or support)支持The politician's wife stood by him when he was accused of misusing public funds.当这名政客被指控滥用公共资金时，他的妻子在旁支持他。stand for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep US (advocate)支持；主张I will stand for you whatever happens, you can rely on me.不管发生什么，我都会支持你，你可以依赖我。stand in for [sb] vi phrasal + prep (replace [sb] temporarily)代替；替代Your teacher had an emergency so I will stand in for her for this class.你们老师有急事，所以由我代替她来上这节课。stand over [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (oversee)监督；监管；监视stand [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (fail to meet for date)失约，爽约； (指失约)放鸽子We were supposed to meet outside the restaurant but he stood me up.我们本来约好在餐馆外见面的，不过他放了我鸽子。stand up against [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep figurative (oppose actively)站出来反对We must stand up against racism.stand up to [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (confront)对抗；抵抗；反抗Kate stood up to the bully by telling her loudly to stop.凯特反抗那个恶霸，大声叫她停下来。stand with [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (show solidarity with)支持；与...一致；和...站在一起stare [sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (look in the eye for longer)久久凝视；盯着start after [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (begin chasing [sb/sth])开始追赶steam [sb] up vtr phrasal sep slang, figurative (anger, annoy)惹...发怒step on [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (mistreat, exploit)欺负；欺凌；践踏Your naive friendliness is causing them to step on you at work.你太天真友善，导致他们在工作中欺负你。stick by [sb] vtr phrasal insep (be faithful to [sb])忠于某人stick [sb/sth] up, stick up [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep informal (carry out armed robbery on) (俚语)持枪抢劫A gang stuck up that bank over there last week.上周，有一伙歹徒持枪抢劫了那家银行。stick up for [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (defend, support) (非正式用语)维护，保护，支持，为…辩护When the bullies came around, he stuck up for his little sister.stick with [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (remain loyal to)忠于；陪伴She had been a good friend who had stuck with me through thick and thin.她是一位好朋友，无论我的人生处于高潮还是低谷，都一直忠于我。stitch [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (sew [sb]'s wounds) (指伤口)给...缝合，给...缝针stitch [sb] up vtr phrasal sep UK, figurative, informal (swindle)欺诈When he didn't turn up with the goods I knew I'd been stitched up.stress [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (make tense and anxious)使…紧张焦虑Work is really busy at the moment and it's stressing me out.眼下工作十分忙碌，这使我紧张焦虑。stretcher [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (injured player: transport)用担架把…抬离The medics stretchered the injured player off the field.strike [sth/sb] off vtr phrasal sep (delete, remove: from a list) (从名单上)删去, 删掉, 划掉I don't like them any more, strike them off the party list.strike out at [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (hit, attack)攻击；袭击A coiled snake will strike out at anything that threatens it.盘绕着的蛇会攻击任何威胁它的东西。strike out at [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (criticize)抨击；（语言）攻击When he was a candidate for mayor, Bob would strike out at all his opponents.鲍勃作为市长候选人，抨击了他所有的对手。strike [sb] out, strike out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (baseball: put out with three strikes) (棒球)使某人三振出局The pitcher struck out the first two batters, but the third hit a home run.投手将前两名击球手三振出局，不过第三名击球手打出了全垒打。string [sb] along vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (mislead)愚弄；哄骗The scammers strung Wilson along with promises of a one-third share in a $50 million windfall.string [sb] along vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (keep waiting)吊着…的胃口John's been stringing Janet along for three years, but he won't marry her.string [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (hang as punishment)吊死The angry mob yelled, "String him up!"struggle against [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (try to combat)与…作斗争suck [sb] off vtr phrasal sep slang, vulgar (perform oral sex on: a man)讨好；奉承；巴结Larry loves it when his girlfriend sucks him off.suck up to [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative, slang (be obsequious to [sb])奉承；巴结The man sucks up to his boss because he wants a raise.那人巴结他的老板，因为他想要加薪。summon [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (call to action)鼓舞, 振作；suss [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (get the measure of)摸清某人底细swear by [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (have complete faith in)坚信；主张My grandmother swore by honey as a hayfever remedy.swear [sb] in, swear in [sb] vtr phrasal sep (inaugurate, induct into office)使宣誓就职At the ceremony the chief swore in three new deputies.sweep [sb/sth] along, sweep along [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, often passive (involve)使...卷入, 使...陷入Sarah didn't mean to get involved, but she was swept along by the enthusiasm of the crowd.sweep [sth/sb] aside, sweep aside [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (ignore [sth/sb])忽视；搁置一旁；不予理会swing [sb/sth] around, also UK: swing [sb/sth] round vtr phrasal sep (turn [sb/sth] around quickly)使转过来take [sb] aback vtr phrasal sep (surprise)使…受惊吓；让…大吃一惊备注: Often in passive.She declined his offer of a job, which took him aback. I was really taken aback when she reacted so angrily.见她勃然大怒，真把我吓了一跳。她拒绝了他提供的工作，这让他大吃一惊。take after [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (parent: resemble)长得像；追赶；追捕Many people say that Maria takes after her grandmother. Sam really takes after his father.许多人都说玛利亚长得像奶奶。萨姆长得很像爸爸。take after [sb] vtr phrasal insep US (chase)长得像；追赶；追捕The boys took after the dog when it ran off with their ball.当小狗衔着他们的球跑开时，男孩子们一起在后追赶。take [sb/sth] apart, take apart [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative (criticize)批评；抨击The tabloid took the actress apart for her appearance.那份小报对这位女演员的外貌进行了抨击。take [sb] aside, take aside [sb] vtr phrasal sep (talk to privately)借一步说话My dad took me aside and told me I'd better not do that again.take [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (reduce [sb]'s self-esteem)压下…的气焰Frank was a bit pompous at first, but the new teacher took him down a notch.弗兰克起初有些自负，不过新来的老师压下了他的气焰。take [sb] down, take down [sb] vtr phrasal sep (knock to the ground)击倒The boxer took his opponent down with one punch.拳击手一拳就将对手击倒了。take [sth/sb] for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (mistakenly believe to be)认为，把…看作；把…误当成She took me for her servant! Do you take me for a fool?take from [sb] vtr phrasal insep (steal from)从某人处偷盗；从某人处偷拿Before being caught, he took from his employer at every opportunity.在被发现之前，他一有机会就从雇主那里偷钱。take [sb] in vtr phrasal sep informal, often passive (deceive)欺骗, 蒙骗Don't be taken in by his nonsense.别被他无聊的话给蒙骗了。take [sb/sth] in, take in [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (provide a home for)收容；收留Bella took in a stray cat four years ago and it has lived with her ever since.贝拉四年前收养了一只流浪猫，自那以后她就与它生活在一起。take [sb] off, take off [sb] vtr phrasal insep mainly UK, informal (parody [sb]) (某人)模仿This comedian is very good at taking off politicians.这名喜剧演员很擅长模仿政客。take [sb] on, take on [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (compete against)跟…竞争；跟…较量England will take on Croatia in the World Cup final.英格兰队将在世界杯决赛中迎战克罗地亚队。take [sth/sb] on, take on [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (confront, oppose)同…较量；与...对峙He took on management in an attempt to improve conditions for the workers.他接手管理工作，尝试改善工人的工作环境。take [sb] on, take on [sb] vtr phrasal sep (employ, hire)雇用；聘用My shop is so busy, I have had to take on more staff.我的店太忙了，我不得不雇佣更多员工。take [sb] out, take out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (go on a date with) (指约会)邀请…外出, 把…带出去备注: A hyphen or single-word form is used when the term is or modifies a nounLisa was happy that Carl wanted to take her out.卡尔想约她出去，丽莎很高兴。take [sb] out vtr phrasal sep slang (hitman: murder)除掉某人The mobsters had hired a guy to take out the informant before the trial.take out [sb], take [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (treat to a meal or entertainment) (吃饭或娱乐)带…出去We always take Aunt Beth out on her birthday.贝丝阿姨生日时，我们总是带她出去过。take over from [sb] vi phrasal + prep (take control, charge from [sb])接替…When Linda's shift was over, David took over from her.琳达下班后，戴维接替了她的工作。take [sb] through [sth] vtr phrasal sep (guide through: a procedure, etc.)带某人领略...；带某人经历...take to [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (start liking)开始喜欢The little girl took to her new puppy dog. They are now inseparable.小女孩喜欢上了她新买的小狗，现在都时刻在一起。take up with [sb] vi phrasal + prep informal (become friendly with)和某人交往；和某人密切来往He's taken up with a very undesirable crowd, and I fear they will lead him astray.他结交了一群不良分子，我担心他们会把他带坏。talk [sb] around, also UK: talk [sb] round vtr phrasal sep (persuade)说服；劝服I didn't really feel like going out, but my friends talked me round.talk at [sb] vtr phrasal insep (talk and not let listener say anything) (指不给听话者说话的机会)对...唠叨不休；对...滔滔不绝地说话talk down to [sb] vi phrasal + prep figurative (speak condescendingly to)以居高临下的口气跟…说话I hate it when my teacher talks down to me.我讨厌我的老师用居高临下的口气跟我说话。talk over [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (speak more loudly than)大声说话盖住；说话声音盖过I hate it when people talk over me at meetings. Quit trying to talk over me.我不喜欢开会的时候人们大声说话盖过我的发言。别想提高嗓门盖住我说的话。talk through, talk [sb] through [sth] vtr phrasal sep (guide through: a procedure, etc.)指导某人做某事tangle with [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal, figurative (get involved with)与…争吵（争论）You don't want to tangle with the Mafia: it could get you killed.tangle with [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal, figurative (argue or fight with)与…争吵（争论）He was so drunk he tangled with the policeman who was arresting him.；tart [sb] up vtr phrasal sep slang (make more glamorous)将…打扮得花里胡哨Tom's wife tarted him up, with new clothes and freshly styled hair, before they went out.tattletale on [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, informal (inform on [sb])揭发某人；告发某人If you don't stop being mean to me, I'm going to tattletale on you.team up with [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (join forces with)与…联手, 与…合力The US teamed up with Britain to defeat Germany in World War II.美国与英国联手在二战中击败了德国。tear [sb] apart vtr phrasal sep figurative (devastate emotionally)使…心碎Getting a cancer diagnosis can tear you apart.被诊断出癌症会让你崩溃。tear [sb] and [sb] apart, tear apart [sb] and [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (divide)摧毁，毁掉Ryan's affair tore him and his fiancée apart.瑞恩的婚外情让他和未婚妻分道扬镳。tear [sb] away vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (remove)迫使某人离开； (比喻使人放弃某事)让某人从...走开That kid is so glued to the TV that it's difficult to tear her away.tear [sb/sth] down, tear down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (criticize harshly)严责；强烈指责Bran's partner is always tearing him down; he should find someone kinder.布兰的伴侣总是在责备他，他应该找个对他更好的人。tear into [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (scold [sb] harshly)严厉斥责某人tee [sb] off vtr phrasal sep US, slang (anger, annoy)生气, 发怒It always tees me off when she corrects my grammar.The way some politicians act really tees me off.tell [sth/sb] apart vtr phrasal sep informal (distinguish between)分辨；区分The twins are so alike that it's not easy to tell them apart.tell [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (reprimand)谴责, 责骂The teacher told the girls off for giggling in class.老师责备那些女孩在课堂上咯咯地笑。tell on [sb] vtr phrasal insep informal (inform against)告发If a little boy does something naughty, his sister will tell on him.tell on [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, informal, figurative (have an effect on)对…产生影响；对…产生后果After a few glasses, that red wine really starts to tell on you.；throw [sb/sth] around vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (treat roughly)乱丢，乱扔throw [sb] aside vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (get rid of [sb])抛弃某人throw [sb] off, throw off [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (lose: [sb] following)甩掉；摆脱Mark threw off his pursuer by ducking into an alleyway.马克躲进一条小巷，甩掉了追赶他的人。throw [sb] off, throw off [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (mislead)误导The fake suicide note threw the detective off.那封假遗书误导了侦探。throw [sb] off vtr phrasal sep figurative informal (confuse, distract)使…困惑；使慌乱Her silly answers threw me off.她愚蠢的回答让我感到困惑。throw [sb] out vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (expel, evict)赶走；撵走Alan's parents threw him out when he refused to pay rent.艾伦拒绝支付房租，他的父母把他赶出去了。throw [sb] over, throw over [sb] vtr phrasal sep (jilt, break up with)与某人分手；抛弃某人；负心于某人thrust [sth] on [sb], thrust [sth] upon [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (impose) (与oneself连用)强行介入, 强加Imogen's parents thrust a career in law on her from a young age.伊摩根的父母从小就逼她往法律行业靠。tick [sb] off, tick off [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK, informal (reprimand)责骂；责备The boss ticked Linda off for being late.老板责备琳达迟到。tick [sb] off vtr phrasal sep US, informal (irritate)激怒；使生气The new airline regulations really ticked me off.航空公司的新规定真让人生气。tide [sb] over vtr phrasal sep (help to survive)使…渡过tidy up after [sb] vtr phrasal insep (clear up mess made by: [sb] else)收拾某人制造的脏乱tie [sth/sb] up, tie up [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (fasten or secure with rope)用绳子将…捆好备注: A hyphen is used when the term is a noun.Joe wrapped the package and tied it up with string.乔将包裹包起来并用绳子捆好。tie [sth/sb] up, tie up [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative, often passive (keep occupied)将…占住；使无法分身Julia declined the meeting as it would have tied her up for three hours.茱莉亚拒绝了见面，因为这会占用她三个小时的时间。tie [sth] up, tie up [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (end, bring to a conclusion)完成The writer struggled to tie up his complex story.作者想尽办法来完结他复杂的故事。tilt toward [sth/sb], tilt towards [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (start to favor)倾向于；偏好Many investors are now tilting towards Chinese markets.许多投资者现在都倾向于中国市场。tip [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (inform, warn)暗中通知某人；暗中向某人透露消息The police arrived at the party after somebody tipped them off.有人向警察通风报信后，他们赶到了派对现场。tire [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (make exhausted)使…筋疲力尽Every time I look after her kids they tire me out.Taking the underground every day tires me out.tog [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (dress, clothe) (非正式用语)打扮；装扮toss [sb] aside vtr phrasal sep figurative (abandon, stop caring for: [sb])对某人置之不理toss [sb] off vtr phrasal sep UK, vulgar, slang (masturbate [sb])轻松完成；一饮而尽Fiona undid Mark's trousers and tossed him off.toss [sth/sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (reject, dismiss)拒绝接受；驳回The trade union tossed out the employers' offer after only a short discussion.touch up [sb], touch [sb] up vtr phrasal sep slang (grope sexually)爱抚She found her boyfriend at the bar touching up another girl.toughen [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal ([sb]: make resilient)使更坚韧He tried to prepare his children for life by toughening them up.tower above [sth/sb], tower over [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (be above)高耸；高出tower above [sth/sb], tower over [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative (be taller than)比...高出一大截He's very tall and towers above everyone else.track [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep (locate, hunt for)追踪到；追查到；追捕The posse used bloodhounds to track down the fugitive.武装队用警犬追捕逃犯。track [sth/sb] down vtr phrasal sep informal, figurative (find)找到；追踪到I'll see if I can track down that recipe for you.我看能不能帮你找到那份菜谱。trip [sb] up vtr phrasal sep (cause to stumble, fall)绊倒，使摔倒；使犯错He stuck his leg out as I walked past to trip me up.我走过时，他伸出腿来绊倒我。trip [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (cause to make a mistake)使…犯错Double negatives usually trip me up.我通常会在双重否定上犯错。trip [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (try to catch out)使…露出马脚The detectives interviewed the husband and wife separately, hoping to trip one of them up on some aspect of their alibi.侦探们分别询问了丈夫和妻子，希望他们其中一人在不在场证明的某些方面露出马脚。triumph over, triumph over [sb], triumph against, triumph against [sb] vtr phrasal insep (defeat, vanquish)战胜, 征服, 击败In 1066 the Norman invaders triumphed over the Anglo-Saxon defenders of England.trot [sb/sth] out, trot out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep informal, usually pejorative (present for display)显摆；炫耀tuck [sb] in, tuck in [sb] vtr phrasal sep (put to bed by securing blankets)给…掖好被子She read the children a bedtime story before she tucked them in.在给孩子们掖好被子之前，她给他们读了一则睡前故事。tucker [sb] out vtr phrasal sep US, slang (exhaust)使…筋疲力尽，使…疲惫不堪；tune in to [sth/sb], tune into vi phrasal + prep figurative (be aware of: feelings, needs) (感受、需求等)感觉到, 了解turf [sb] out vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (remove, eject)赶走；驱赶My mum had had enough of us getting under her feet, so she turfed us out.turf [sb] out of [sth] vtr phrasal sep UK, slang (remove, eject)将某人从某处赶走They turfed us out of the pub at 2am.turn aside from [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (avert gaze from [sth])避开；从…转过脸来turn away from [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep (face opposite way)转过脸去不看Jane turned away from Peter after she told him to go to hell.简对彼得说了去死后，转头就不理他了。turn away from [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (move further from [sth], [sb])离开；走开I turned away from the town and set my eyes on new horizons.我离开了镇子，把目光投向了新的方向。turn [sth/sb] down, turn down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (decline, refuse)拒绝；回绝；婉谢The bank turned down my application for a loan.银行拒绝了我的贷款申请。turn [sb] in vtr phrasal sep (inform on to the police)检举；告发She knew her brother had committed a crime, but she refused to turn him in.她知道她兄弟犯了罪，但她拒绝告发他。turn [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (disgust)使…反感Men who smoke really turn me off.那个吸烟的男人真让人感到恶心。turn [sb] on, turn on [sb] vtr phrasal sep slang (excite sexually)使某人性奋；挑起某人性欲He turned me on and I just couldn't resist.他让我好性奋，我完全抗拒不了。turn on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (become hostile to)与某人敌对；敌视；对某人有敌意We were getting along well and then suddenly he turned on me.我们一直相处融洽，他却突然变得对我怀有敌意。turn [sb] out, turn out [sb] vtr phrasal sep (evict)赶走；撵走Eva's parents turned her out after she stole money from them.turn to [sb], turn to [sb] for help vtr phrasal insep (seek help from [sb])向…寻求帮助；求助于I'm in such a bad situation that I don't know who to turn to.Don't turn to him for help, he can't be trusted.身处如此糟糕的情境，我不知道该向谁求助。/// 不用向他求助，他并不可靠。；urge [sb] on vtr phrasal sep (encourage, incite)激励；督促；鞭策The crowd urged the player on with shouts of encouragement.vote [sb] in, vote in [sb] vtr phrasal sep (elect to power)投票选出People wanted change when they voted Carter in.wait on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (serve food)侍候用餐Get your own coffee; I'm not here to wait on you!你自己煮咖啡，我不是来这儿侍候你用餐的。wait on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (bar, restaurant: serve)侍候；服侍Gina was waiting on a customer at the restaurant.吉娜在餐厅招待一位顾客。wait upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep formal (serve)侍奉；服侍Servants waited upon the aristocrats.wake up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (awaken from sleep)把…叫醒；弄醒He woke me up to tell me I was snoring.他叫醒我，跟我说我在打鼾。walk in on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (catch unawares)撞见The boss walked in on one of the workers sleeping at his desk.walk into [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (bump against: [sb] or [sth])无意撞上A woman walked into me in the street and didn't even apologise.I wasn't looking where I was going, and walked right into the wall.walk into [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (encounter unexpectedly)意外遇上I just happened to walk into your brother at the store. He looks great!walk over [sb] vtr phrasal insep figurative, informal (treat disrespectfully)轻蔑地对待Larry walked over at least three people to serve as chairman of the board.拉里至少胜过三个人才当上了董事会主席。wall [sth/sb] in, wall in [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (enclose)筑墙围住He used bricks to wall in the garden.wall [sth/sb] in, wall in [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (surround)把...围住The film star was walled in on all sides by his bodyguards.wank [sb] off vtr phrasal sep UK, vulgar, slang (masturbate [sb] to orgasm)帮...手淫到高潮My girlfriend wanked me off last night.ward [sth/sb] off, ward off [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep (keep away)挡开；使…不靠近This spray will help ward off the mosquitoes.这种喷雾能够使蚊子不再靠近。warm [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (make warmer)使变热，使暖和I lit a fire to warm up the house.我点燃了火炉来使房子暖和起来。warm [sb] up vtr phrasal sep figurative (audience: prepare for main act) (正式演出前)暖场，将（观众）情绪调动起来The comic warmed up the audience with jokes and silly pranks.这部喜剧通过笑话和一些愚蠢的恶作剧来暖场。warm up to [sb] (US), warm to [sb] (UK) vtr phrasal insep (come to like better)慢慢喜欢上warn [sb] away, warn away [sb] vtr phrasal sep (advise about dangers of [sth])警告；示警warn [sb] off, warn off [sb] vtr phrasal sep (advise of the dangers of: [sth])警告某人；提醒某人有危险watch for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (be vigilant for, careful of)留心；密切注意Watch for falling rocks along that road.She appears to be uninjured after her fall but we should watch for any signs of a concussion.watch out for [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (remain vigilant for, beware of)注意；留心；提防Watch out for pickpockets when you're in a crowd.In this neighborhood you need to watch out for children playing in the street.watch over [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep (keep under surveillance)看守；监视；监视Watch over him while I call the police.看好他，我来打电话叫警察。watch over [sb] vtr phrasal insep (take care of, look out for)照看，照料，照顾；密切关注Watch over the baby while I prepare his bath.帮我看着点孩子，我去放水准备给他洗澡。wave [sb/sth] aside, wave aside [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (dismiss with hand gesture)挥手示意…退下，挥手示意…离开wave [sb/sth] away, wave away [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (dismiss [sb/sth])挥手告别；挥手拒绝wave back at [sb] vi phrasal + prep (greet in return)挥手回应；向...挥手致意wave [sb/sth] down, wave down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (signal [sth/sb] to stop)挥手示意…停下wave [sb/sth] off vtr phrasal sep (gesture goodbye to)挥手告别The onlookers waved the train off as it left the station.wave [sb/sth] off vtr phrasal sep figurative (dismiss, disregard)挥手赶走；挥手驱去wear [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (tire into submission)磨得让人屈服The children's constant pleading for sweets wore me down, until I finally gave in and let them have some.孩子们一直恳求我给糖果，磨得让我屈服，最后我不得不放弃，给了他们一些。wear [sb] down vtr phrasal sep figurative (exhaust)使疲劳，使疲惫不堪Her constant complaining wears me down.她持续不断的抱怨使我疲惫不堪。wear on [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep informal (annoy)让人烦The clock's ticking is beginning to wear on my nerves.wear [sb] out vtr phrasal sep (exhaust, tire)筋疲力尽；疲惫不堪Hard work will wear you out if you do not take breaks.如果你不休息，繁重的工作会把你累垮的。weed [sb] out, weed out [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (remove [sb] unwanted)剔除；淘汰Why don't you weed out the poor performers by raising performance standards?你为什么不通过提高表演门槛来淘汰那些演技差的人？weigh [sb/sth] down, weigh down [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep often passive (be heavy)令...承重；令...负重I was weighed down with all the shopping I did today.The weight of her rucksack weighed Sarah down.weigh [sb] down, weigh down [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative (be a burden)使负担, 使心情沉重All this debt weighs me down, and I can't enjoy myself anymore.weigh [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep (assess, evaluate)估量The boxer weighed up his opponent.那名拳击手估量了他的对手。whale on [sb] vtr phrasal insep US, informal (beat, thrash)击打；猛击wheel [sb/sth] out, wheel out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (use to support argument)用…来论证wheel [sb/sth] out, wheel out [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep (present repeatedly)反复使用；故技重施whisk [sb] away, whisk [sb] off vtr phrasal sep (transport or escort quickly)护送离开；陪护撤离The minister's bodyguards whisked him away when the protest showed signs of becoming violent.whisk [sb] away, whisk [sb] off vtr phrasal sep informal (take on a romantic holiday)带某人去过一个惊喜浪漫的假期Henry's wife whisked him away for a weekend break in Barcelona.wig out [sb], wig [sb] out vtr phrasal sep US, informal (upset or distress [sb]) (非正式用语)让...生气；让...发狂You really wigged me out when you said that.你那句话真的很让我生气。win back [sth/sb], win [sth/sb] back vtr phrasal sep (retrieve, recover)重新获得；赢回After a long legal battle, the singer finally won back total control over his recorded output.If you want to win back your girlfriend you have to show her you're sorry.win [sb] over vtr phrasal sep informal, often passive (charm, persuade)说服；把…争取过来；赢得…的支持I was wary until I met him in person, but then he won me over completely.直到碰到他本人前我一直很谨慎，不过之后他还是彻底说服了我。win [sb] round vtr phrasal sep (persuade, coax)争取；说服She wanted nothing to do with it at first, but his smooth talking finally won her round.wind [sb] up, wind up [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK, figurative, slang (annoy [sb])使发怒Don't do that; you know it winds me up!不要那么做，你知道这让我很生气！wind [sb] up, wind up [sb] vtr phrasal sep UK, figurative, slang (tease [sb])戏弄, 开...的玩笑Don't listen to Eric; he's winding you up.别听埃里克的，他在戏弄你。wipe [sb] out vtr phrasal sep figurative, often passive, informal (ruin financially) (经济上)将…榨干，彻底摧毁My great-grandfather was a rich man until the stock market crash of 1929 wiped him out.我曾祖父曾是位有钱人，直到1929年的股市大崩盘把他彻底摧毁了。wire [sb] up vtr phrasal sep informal (attach a listening device to)给...安窃听器The police wired up their undercover officer before his meeting with the drug dealer.wise [sb] up (to [sth]) vtr phrasal sep US, informal (make aware)令...认识到；令...意识到wonder about [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep (ponder)想知道；对…感到奇怪Sometimes I wonder about the origins of the universe and where we came from.work on [sb] vtr phrasal insep (try to persuade)努力说服Mike doesn't want to come with us, but I'm working on him.My husband won't let my daughter use nail polish, but I'm working on him.迈克不想和我们一起去，但我在劝说他。//我丈夫不让我女儿用指甲油，我正在努力说服他。work [sb] out vtr phrasal sep informal (understand [sb])了解某人Marc is a moody character; I can't work him out.马克是一个喜怒无常的角色，我琢磨不透他。work [sb] over vtr phrasal sep slang (beat up, assault)攻击, 殴打The thugs really worked him over.work [sb] up, work up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (annoy or excite)激起；激发The politician's speech worked the crowd up.The boss was worked up because I was five minutes late.那位政客的演说激起了群众的热情。//老板因为我迟到了五分钟而发怒。work [sb] up, work up [sb] vtr phrasal sep (medicine: do diagnostic procedures) (医学)诊断The doctor worked the patient up thoroughly in her attempts to find the source of the problem.医生对病人进行了全面彻底的诊断，力图找到问题的源头。wriggle away from [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep figurative (person: escape)从...逃脱write [sb] off, write off [sb] vtr phrasal sep figurative, informal (consider a failure)认为...不合格；...是失败的Even though he did so poorly on the exam, I wasn't going to write him off completely.虽然他在考试中表现不佳，但我不会完全认为他不合格。write [sb] up, write up [sb] vtr phrasal sep US (record misbehaviour)记录…的不良行为One more infraction and I will have to write you up.再来一次，我就得给你记过。zonk [sb] out, zonk out [sb] vtr phrasal sep informal (cause to sleep or pass out)因…睡着；因…昏睡zoom in on [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep (focus closely on)聚焦于；镜头拉近至 复合形式： a cut above [sth/sb] prep (superior to)优于；比…更好；比…略胜一筹He is a cut above the rest. abandon [sb] vtr (person, pet: leave forever) (常指人、宠物等)抛弃 ， 遗弃；舍弃Jack abandoned his girlfriend and never spoke to her again.杰克抛弃了自己的女朋友，在也没有和她说过话。 abandon [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (give up control of)把...的控制权让给...；把...的控制权丢给...The army abandoned the territory to the indigenous peoples. abase [sb/sth] vtr (degrade)降低…的地位；卑躬屈膝His years of living in Paris seem to have completely abased him.他在巴黎的这几年生活好像完全让他陷入了自卑。 abash [sb] vtr literary (make ashamed, disconcert)使...羞愧, 使…窘迫；使…不安The stranger's brazen stare abashed her.那个陌生人无所顾忌地盯着她，让她很难堪。 abduct [sb] vtr (kidnap)绑架；劫持Armed men abducted the heiress on Thursday evening. The author of this book claims that aliens abducted his father.周四晚持械人员绑架了这位女继承人。这本书的作者宣称外星人绑架了他的父亲。 abet [sb] vtr (assist or enable: a criminal)教唆Margret did not commit the crime, but she abetted the person who did. abhor [sth/sb] vtr formal (detest)厌恶，讨厌；憎恨，痛恨I abhor the perpetrators of this evil act. not abide [sth/sb] vtr (not tolerate)不容忍，不忍耐I can't abide his smoking in the house. "I won't abide insolence or bad behaviour," said the schoolteacher.我不能容忍他在房子里吸烟。“我不能容忍傲慢无礼的举动和不良行为，”那位老师说。 abominate [sth/sb] vtr formal (loathe)痛恨；仇恨；厌恶Mrs. Howell abominates people with low morals.豪厄尔女士非常厌恶道德低下的人。 be about [sth/sb] v expr (be on the subject of)关于；有关My presentation is about the effects of alcohol.This book is about a king who loses his crown.我的报告内容是关于酒精影响的。//这本书讲述的是一名国王丢掉皇位的故事。 abreast of [sb/sth] adv (level, side by side)与...持平地, 与...并排地 absolve [sb] vtr (religion: free from sin) (宗教)宣告…无罪，赦免原罪I confessed my sins to Father Eric and he absolved me.我向神父埃里克坦白了我的罪行，他赦免了我犯的罪。 absolve [sb] of [sth], absolve [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (religion: free from sin) (宗教)赦免…的罪The priest absolved the man of all his sins. absolve [sb] vtr (free from responsibility) (责任、义务等)使免除Being divorced doesn't absolve you from responsibility towards your children.离婚并不能免除你对孩子所负的义务。 absolve [sb] of [sth], absolve [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (free from guilt)宣判...无罪；判定…无责The court absolved Richard of any blame for the accident. absorb [sth/sb] vtr figurative, often passive (assimilate)兼并；吞并The corporation gradually absorbed the smaller firms in the area.这家公司逐渐吞并了这片地区比它小的公司。 absorb [sb] vtr figurative (interest)吸引；占据...的注意力The latest novel in the series absorbed readers. abuse [sb] vtr ([sb]: treat badly) (人)虐待He abused his wife for many years before she went to the police.他多年来一直虐待自己的妻子，最终，他妻子去警察局报了案。 accept [sb] vtr (person: approve of) (人)接纳；接受（某人）Her father never really accepted her boyfriend.她的父亲从来没有真正接纳过她男朋友。 accepting of [sth/sb] adj + prep (tolerant of [sth])包容This community is accepting of people of all cultures and backgrounds. accessorize [sth/sb], also UK: accessorise [sth/sb] vtr (adorn with accessories)用饰品装饰A colourful scarf is the perfect way to accessorise an outfit. acclaim [sb/sth] as [sth] vtr + prep often passive (praise, applaud)称许，称赞，赞扬；向…喝彩Critics acclaimed her as the greatest actress of the 20th century.评论家都称赞她为20世纪最伟大的女演员。 acclaim [sb] [sth] vtr (recognize, acknowledge as)拥护；认可The people acclaimed him their leader. acclimate [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (make accustomed to [sth])使适应；使逐渐习惯于 acclimatize [sb/sth] to [sth], also UK: acclimatise [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep (accustom to [sth])使适应；使习惯于If you have cats and you move house you need to keep the cats indoors for at least a few days to acclimatize them to their new home. acclimatize [sb/sth] to [sth], also UK: acclimatise [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep (accustom to climate)使...适应气候；使…服水土Before planting out your young seedlings, take them out of the greenhouse for a short period, then increase each day, to acclimatize them to the colder conditions outdoors. accommodate [sb] vtr (provide lodging)为…提供住处；招待The hotel can't accommodate us tonight.这家酒店今晚无法为我们提供住处。 accommodate [sb] vtr (provide space)容纳；容下The tent can accommodate five.帐篷可以容下五个人。 accommodate [sb/sth] vtr (provide for)供养，支持，满足…所需The new rules accommodate people of all age groups. be accompanied by [sb/sth] v expr (go in company with)有...陪同的 accompany [sb] vtr (go somewhere with) (人)陪；伴随；陪同Will you accompany me to the store?你能陪我一起去商店吗？ accompany [sb] vtr (musician: play along with)给...伴奏；为…伴奏A pianist accompanied the jazz singer.有一个钢琴演奏者给爵士歌手伴奏。 accord [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (grant)将某物授予某人We hereby accord to the petitioner the relief that she requests.我们现授予申请人所要求的救济金。 accost [sb] vtr (approach boldly) (唐突地)跟…打招呼，跟…搭讪A man accosted Emily in the street to ask the time. account [sb/sth] [sth] vtr formal (consider)把…看作；认为...是...This restaurant is accounted the best in town.大家认为这家是镇上最好的餐厅。 accountable to [sb] adj + prep (has to report to)对某人负有解释义务；对某人负责The MP is accountable to his constituents.议员需要对他的选民负责。 accouter [sb] (US), accoutre [sb] (UK) vtr usually passive (military: equip) (军用)为...提供装备，配备 accouter [sb] with [sth] (US), accoutre [sb] with [sth] (UK) vtr + prep (equip or furnish)为...装备... accredit [sb] vtr (ascribe an achievement to)归功于；认为是…的功劳 accredit [sth/sb] vtr (award credits to)给予...荣誉 accredit [sth/sb] vtr (certify, authorize)授权；委任 acculturate [sb] to [sth], acculturate [sb] into [sth] vtr (assimilate: into a culture)使...融入...文化；使...适应...文化 accuse [sb] vtr (blame)指责；谴责Whether or not you think I committed the crime, you can't accuse me without proof.不管你是不是认为我犯了罪，你都不能没有证据就指责我。 accuse [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep often passive (law: charge with a crime)控告某人…；指控某人…Mr Robertson's former employer has accused him of fraud.罗伯森先生的前雇主指控他诈骗。 accuse [sb] of doing [sth] v expr (blame for doing)指责；责备They accused me of not setting aside enough time.他们因我没有抽出足够时间而指责我。 accuse [sb] of doing [sth] v expr (law: charge with a crime) (司法)控告He's accused of embezzling thousands of pounds.他因挪用数千英镑而受到控告。 accustom [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep (habituate)使…习惯Years of living in Morocco have accustomed me to hot weather.在摩洛哥生活多年让我适应了炎热的天气。 ace [sb] vtr (tennis: serve)对抗...发球得分Andrea aced her opponent on the court.安德里亚在球场上对抗对手发球得分。 acerbate [sb] vtr rare (annoy)激怒...；惹恼... ache for [sb] vi + prep figurative (yearn for) (对人)渴望，向往Helen ached for the man she could not be with.海伦渴望着那位得不到的男人。 acknowledge [sb], acknowledge [sb] for [sth] vtr (thank [sb] for)感谢；向…致谢The president acknowledged her contributions in a ceremony.在一次庆典上，总裁对她的贡献表示了感谢。 acknowledge [sb] vtr (greet)搭理；理会He didn't even acknowledge me. acquaint [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (introduce, make familiar)使…熟悉Once Mark had acquainted his assistant with the computer program, she was able to work on her own. be acquainted with [sb] v expr (know [sb]) (人)与...熟识；跟...熟悉；认识Harry, I believe you are acquainted with Miss Forbes?哈利，我想你是认识福布斯小姐的，对吧？ acquit [sb] vtr (pronounce not guilty)宣判…无罪；无罪释放The jury acquitted the defendant due to lack of evidence.因缺乏证据，陪审团裁决认为被告无罪。 across from [sth/sb] prep (opposite)在…对面；在…另一边My office building is just across from the mall.我的办公大楼就在商场对面。 act for [sb] vi (substitute)代理；代表I will have to act for my absent brother. act as [sth/sb] vi + prep (perform function)担当；担任When they first met each other, it was her sister who acted as matchmaker.The man's trousers were held up by a bit of rope that was acting as a belt. act in the interests of [sb/sth] vtr (act to protect or help)为了…的利益而采取行动An attorney will always act in the best interests of her client. actuate [sb], actuate [sb] to do [sth] vtr (motivate [sb] to do [sth])激励...做... addict [sb] vtr (cause dependence on drug)使...上瘾；让...有瘾 addle [sb/sth] vtr (confuse)使…糊涂；使…头脑混乱Fred is talking nonsense; too much whisky has addled his thinking.佛瑞德在讲胡话，喝了太多威士忌后，让他思维混乱了。 address [sb], address [sb] as [sth] vtr (use a title) (头衔)称呼某人，用…来称呼某人"Your Holiness" is the correct way to address the Pope.“陛下”是对教皇的正确称呼。 address [sb] vtr (give a speech)向…发表演说；对…作正式讲话The President will address the nation on Tuesday.礼拜二总统要发表全国讲话。 address [sth] to [sb] vtr (indicate mail is intended for [sb])在…上写…的地址；将（信）寄给Joyce addressed the letter to her sister.乔伊斯将信寄给妹妹。 address [sth] to [sb] vtr (remark: say to [sb])向某人就某事发表讲话O'Neill addressed his remarks to the business owners in the audience.奥尼尔向在座听众中的企业主们发表了讲话。 address [sb] vtr (speak to)对…说话The teacher addressed the cleverest boy in the class. address [sth] to [sb] vtr (consign, entrust)将...交付给；委托…代理The cargo was addressed to the freight forwarder. be addressed to [sb] v expr (mail: be intended for [sb])是寄给某人的This letter is addressed to you.这封信是寄给你的。 adjudge [sb] vtr (pronounce)判决...The suspect was adjudged incompetent. adjure [sb] to do [sth] vtr (appeal or command: [sb] to do [sth])命令...做某事；要求...做某事 admire [sb] vtr (respect)钦佩；敬佩Kristin admires doctors who volunteer to work in third-world countries.克里斯丁敬佩那些自愿去第三世界国家工作的医生。 admit [sb] vtr (allow entry to)准许某人进入；准许某人入内The staff doesn't admit anyone after five o'clock.五点以后，那里的员工就不准许任何人进入了。 admit [sb] vtr often passive (accept as a member)接纳…（成为其中的一员）；准许（某人）获得某种身分；招收The club is not admitting new members at this time.俱乐部现在暂时不接纳新成员。 admit [sb] to [sth] vtr often passive (place in an institution)接纳…入（院）；把…收入医院；接受...住院Have you ever been admitted to a hospital?你有没有住过院？ admit [sth] to [sb] vtr (confess)向…承认；向…供认Ken admitted his part in the robbery to the police. admit [sb] to [sth], admit [sb] into [sth] vtr (allow entry)让…得以进入The night watchman has to go to the door to admit you into the building. admit [sb] to [sth], admit [sb] into [sth] vtr (as a member)准许…加入；允许…加入He was admitted into the golf club as a member. admit [sb] vtr often passive (to institution)使入院She was admitted against her will. admit to [sb] that vtr (confess)向…供认；向…承认；向…招认Jones admitted to the police that he had been involved in the criminal enterprise. admonish [sb] vtr (scold, reprimand)责备；批评If you're late, your boss will admonish you.如果迟到，你老板会批评你的。 admonish [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (reprimand for doing)责备The teacher admonished the student for being late to class yet again. admonish [sb] vtr (warn, caution)警告；告诫"Make sure you don't drive too fast," John's mother admonished him.“不要开得太快。”约翰的母亲警告他说。 admonish [sb] to do [sth] v expr (warn [sb] about doing [sth])警告；告诫The judge admonished the witness to tell the truth. adopt [sb] vtr (become legal parent of: a child) (孩子)领养 ， 收养The Smiths have adopted a baby from Ghana.史密斯一家领养了一个加纳的孩子。 adore [sb] vtr (love)崇拜；敬慕Amy adores Martin and wants to marry him.艾米爱慕马丁，想要嫁给他。 adulate [sb] vtr (idolize, treat with adoration)过度称赞；奉承；阿谀 advise [sb] vtr (counsel [sb])劝告；忠告；建议Our team of experienced attorneys is ready to advise you.我们经验丰富的律师团队已做好准备为您提供建议。 advise [sb] on [sth] vtr + prep (counsel [sb] on [sth])就某事给某人提供建议He was hired to advise the Queen on matters of state.他被雇来就国事向女王谏言献策。 advise [sb] to do [sth] v expr (counsel [sb] to do)建议某人做某事I advised him to eat before the flight.我建议他在上飞机前吃点东西。 advise [sb], advise [sb] that vtr formal (with clause: notify [sb]) (人)通知，告知A text message advised me that my flight was delayed.有短信通知我说我的航班延误了。 advise [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep formal (notify [sb] of [sth])告知某人某事；告诉某人某事；通知某人某事Newcastle Council have advised us of a series of road closures.纽卡斯尔市政厅已通知我们会有多条道路封路。 advise [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep (warn [sb] [sth] is unwise)建议某人不要做某事I'd advise you against that approach, which can be costly. advise [sb] against doing [sth] v expr (warn [sb] not to do [sth])告诫；警告I'd advise you against sailing today; the weather is turning nasty. advise [sb] on [sth] vtr + prep (warn about or recommend)就某事向某人提出建议Eddie advised us on the best restaurants to visit. affect [sb/sth] vtr (have an effect on)影响；起作用The government's plan will affect a lot of people.政府的计划将影响到很多人。；affect [sb] vtr (touch emotionally)感动某人，打动某人，触动某人The film about a cancer survivor affected me deeply.这部关于癌症幸存者的影片深深地打动了我。 affiance [sb] vtr archaic (betroth) (古语)许配affiance [sb] to [sb] vtr archaic (betroth)将...许配给...affiance yourself to [sb] v expr archaic (become engaged to marry)许配给某人；与某人订婚affiliated with [sth/sb] adj + prep (associated with)与…相关的The attack was carried out by an individual claiming to be affiliated with a known terrorist group.affirm [sb] vtr US (support emotionally)肯定；支持afflict [sb/sth] vtr (affect badly)折磨，使…痛苦，使…苦恼This disease afflicts more and more people every year.每年，这种病症让越来越多的人受苦。affront to [sth/sb] n ([sth] that offends)冒犯Samantha took the remarks as an affront to her family.afraid of [sth/sb] adj (scared of [sth], [sb])害怕…的；怕…的When I was younger I was afraid of spiders.我年轻时害怕蜘蛛。be after [sth/sb] vi + prep informal (search for [sth], [sb])搜寻，寻找I'm after a new service provider; which one would you recommend?我现在正在寻找一个新的服务商，你推荐哪一家？be against [sth/sb] vi + prep (oppose)反对；不赞同Many Americans are against the war.许多美国人反对打这场战争。age [sb] vtr (make older-looking)使…变老；使...衰老Smoking ages you by dehydrating your skin.吸烟会导致皮肤脱水，丧失活力，从而使你衰老。aggrandize [sb], also UK: aggrandise [sb] vtr (exaggerate [sb]'s importance)夸大某人的重要性aggravate [sb] vtr informal (irritate, annoy)惹恼；激怒My son is always aggravating his little sister; he just won't leave her in peace.我儿子总是能激怒他的妹妹，他就是不让她安安静静地呆着。aggression on [sth/sb] n (attack, infringement)攻击；侵犯This recent violence against a minority is an aggression on our society as a whole.最近针对少数族裔的暴力事件是对对我们整个社会的一种侵犯。aggrieve [sb] vtr (offend or afflict)使受到侵害；使悲痛agitate [sb] vtr (make anxious)使…心乱；使…忧虑；搅乱I could see that being made to wait was agitating him; he was biting his nails.我可以看出让他一直等待使他产生了焦虑，他在不停咬指甲。agonize [sb], also UK: agonise [sb] vtr (cause to be anguished)使…感到非常痛苦agree with [sb] vi + prep (have same opinion)与（某人）持相同意见；同意（某人）I asked Jane for her opinion, and she agreed with me.我询问简的看法，她表示和我持一样观点。agree with [sb] about [sth], agree with [sb] on [sth] v expr (have same opinion about)在某事方面同意某人的观点；赞同某人所做的某事We all agreed with Jack about the colour of the new chairs.我们一致赞同杰克为新椅子选的颜色。ahead of [sb] prep (in a race: in front)领先于The race is in its final lap, and Ivy is ahead of everyone.比赛已经进入最后一圈，艾薇处在领先的位置。ahead of [sth/sb] adj + prep (in front, before)在...前面The truck ahead of ours has a flat tire.There were fifteen people ahead of me in the queue.我们车前面的卡车轮胎瘪了。ahead of [sb] prep (in front, before)在某人前面We couldn't move because there was an accident ahead of us.我们动不了，因为前面出了事故。ahead of [sb] prep (before, earlier than) (人)早于...，在...之前John arrived at the restaurant ahead of his brother.约翰在他哥哥之前到达饭馆。ahead, ahead of [sb/sth] prep (superior to)优于；比…好Jon is ahead of the other children in his reading ability. This car is far ahead of the others in overall handling and safety.乔恩的阅读能力优于其他小孩。在整体操作和安全性能方面，这辆车都远优于其他。aid [sb] vtr (help)援助某人，帮助某人，向某人伸出援手It's important to aid friends when they are in need.在朋友需要时伸出援手，这点非常重要。aid [sb] in doing [sth] v expr (help)帮助某人做某事Rosa aided her brother in starting his business. Her parents' financial contribution aided Joy in buying the house.罗莎帮她弟弟创业。她父母的经济资助帮助乔伊买下那栋房子。aid and abet [sb/sth] v expr (be accomplice)同谋；伙同作案This type of crime will no longer be tolerated and those who aid and abet the perpetrators will face the full force of the law.我们不再容许这种类型的犯罪，任何伙同罪犯作案的人将面临法律的严厉惩罚。ail [sb] vtr literary, archaic (cause pain, illness to)使生病；使痛苦What ails you, my child? You look so sad.我的孩子，什么让你感到痛苦？你看起来很悲伤。aim [sth] at [sth/sb] vtr + prep (try to hit)用...瞄准；使...对准Although he aimed the arrow at the bull's eye, he hit the outside ring every time.虽然他将箭头瞄准红心，却总是射到外环。aim at [sth/sb] vi + prep (try to hit)瞄准；对准Nathan was aiming at the target with his .40-caliber pistol.南森用.40口径的手枪瞄准目标。aim [sth] at [sb/sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (have as intended audience)把…当作目标群体； (指针对某一受众)瞄准；以...为受众The movie is aimed at a younger audience.这部电影的目标群体是更年轻的观众。airbrush [sth/sb] vtr figurative (image: retouch to conceal flaws)润饰，润色Josh used an image editor to airbrush the model's features.airbrush [sth/sb] out, airbrush out [sth/sb] vtr + adv (remove by spray-painting) (使用喷漆)修掉airbrush [sth/sb] out, airbrush out [sth/sb] vtr + adv figurative (remove from an image) (图片)从...抹去airbrush [sth/sb] out, airbrush out [sth/sb] vtr + adv figurative (conceal in an account or depiction)隐藏；遮盖airlift [sb/sth] vtr (carry or rescue by aircraft)空运；空中救援A helicopter airlifted the injured mountain climber to hospital.直升机将受伤的登山者空运至医院。alarm [sb] vtr (frighten)惊吓；使受惊；吓唬I don't want to alarm you but a police car just pulled into the driveway.我不想吓唬你，但有一辆警车停在我们的车道上了。alert [sb] vtr (warn)通知；告知If anything changes, please alert your supervisor immediately.如果有任何变化，请立即告知你的导师。alert [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (make aware)警告某人注意某事；提醒某人注意某事Milo's boss alerted him to the change in policy.米洛的老板提醒他注意政策变化。alien to [sb/sth] adj + prep (strange, unfamiliar)陌生的These ideas are alien to our way of thinking.这些理念对我们的思维方式来说很陌生。alienate [sb] vtr (make hostile)使不友好；使有敌意Be careful that you don't alienate your girlfriend's parents with your political views.请注意，不要让你女朋友的父母对待的政见产生敌意。alienate [sb] vtr (make distant)使疏远；离间Sara's cruel behaviour alienated her from her peers.萨拉残忍的行为让她的伙伴疏远了她。alienate [sb] vtr (isolate)孤立；排挤；使...格格不入The city's grey urban landscape alienates its residents.align [sb] with [sb/sth] vtr figurative (ally)使…与...联盟；与...联合The sudden betrayal aligned Samantha with her former enemy.由于突然遭到背叛，萨曼莎与她以前的敌人联合了起来。align yourself with [sb/sth] v expr figurative (agree with)公开支持；公开赞同By agreeing with the decision to move forward with the plans, I unknowingly aligned myself with Anthony.我同意了推进计划的决定，这使我在无意中公开支持了安东尼。all around [sth/sb] (US), all round [sth/sb] (UK) prep (surrounding)周围；四周David looked all around him, but Eleanor was nowhere to be seen.大卫环顾四周都未看到埃莉诺。allocated [sb] [sth] vtr (distribute to, share among)给...发放；将..分配给；向...发派The teacher allocates each student an exercise book.老师给每位学生都发了一本练习本。allocate [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (distribute to, share among)为...分配；为...调拨The government allocates resources to those who prove they are in need.政府会被那些能证明自己有需要的人发放资源。allocate [sth/sb] vtr (assign, provide)指定；指派；提供The government will allocate 10,000 troops to the war-torn country.政府将指派10,000名军人奔赴那个战火纷飞的国家。allocate [sth] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (devote: funds to [sth])把...拨给；把...划给The committee will allocate funds to the charity project.委员会将把资金拨给慈善项目。allow [sb], allow [sb] to do [sth] vtr (let: [sb])同意；允许；许可Will your parents allow you to go to the dance?你爸妈让你去舞会吗？allow [sb] [sth] vtr (let have)允许给予；让…得到You may be allowed travelling expenses.allow [sb/sth] to do [sth] v expr (make possible to do)使…能够做The new tramline will allow residents of this neighbourhood to reach the city centre in just ten minutes.新铺设的电车轨道将使这个社区的住户能够在十分钟内到达市中心。ally with [sb/sth] vi + prep (join)结盟Brenda reluctantly allied with her former enemy to solve the problem.布兰达不得不和之前的敌人结盟来解决这个问题。ally [sth/sb], ally [sth/sb] and [sth/sb] vtr (join together)使联盟；使联合The continuing crisis allied the two nations and strengthened their relationship.持续危机让两国联合起来，加强了彼此的合作关系。ally [sth/sb] with [sth/sb] vtr + prep (join together)把...和...联合在一起；把...和...联结在一起The army's approach to combat allied military strength and cunning.这只军队进攻的方式就是把军事力量和狡诈联合在一起。alongside [sb/sth] prep figurative (work, etc.: in cooperation with) (工作、合作等)和...并肩Skylar is lucky to be able to work alongside his father.斯凯拉很幸运能够和他的父亲并肩工作。alongside [sb/sth] prep figurative (at the same time as)与...同时；和…一起Katie is going to go alongside Nora.凯蒂要和诺拉一起去。alongside of [sb/sth] prep US, informal (beside, alongside)在…旁边'Come sit alongside of me,' said Minnie to the new boy.“来，坐到我旁边。”米妮对新来的男孩说。alternate with [sb/sth] vi + prep (take turns with [sb])与...轮班；与...交替做Shannon alternated with Joan as pitcher in the big game.amaze [sb] vtr (make impression)使...惊奇；使吃惊The lion tamer amazed the crowd with his daring stunts.驯狮人大胆做出了冒险动作，使观众们都感到惊奇。ambush [sb/sth] vtr (launch a surprise attack)埋伏；伏击The jaguar ambushed the sleeping hunter.那只豹子伏击了睡梦中的猎人。ambush [sb] vtr figurative (surprise [sb])突然袭击；突击检查The teacher ambushed the students with a pop quiz.老师临时让学生进行一次突击小测验。Americanize [sb/sth], also UK: Americanise [sb/sth] vtr (make American in character)使美国化amuse [sb] vtr (be funny)让...觉得有趣；让...发笑John's jokes amused the whole family.约翰的玩笑让全家都哈哈大笑起来。amuse [sb] vtr (keep entertained)给…提供娱乐The puppeteer amused the children for hours.操纵木偶的人让孩子们在几个小时内都感到开心。amuse [sb] vtr (hold [sb]'s attention)吸引...的注意力；抓住...的注意力The new cartoon amused the older children, but the younger ones were not interested.新动画片吸引了大孩子的注意力，但小一些的孩子不感兴趣。analyze [sb] (US), analyse [sb] (UK) vtr informal, abbreviation (psychoanalyze)对...做心理分析The therapist analyzed her patient.治疗师对她的病人做了心理分析。be anathema to [sb] v expr (be considered abhorrent)对…十分讨厌的The newly proposed law is anathema to most small business owners.anathematize [sb], also UK: anathematise [sb] vtr (religion: condemn as evil) (宗教)把…驱逐出教会，开除…的教籍；强烈谴责anathematize [sb], also UK: anathematise [sb] vtr figurative (curse)诅咒...anesthetize [sb] (US), anaesthetize [sb], anaesthetise [sb] (UK) vtr (patient: put to sleep)给...全身麻醉The operation required that she be anaesthetized.anesthetize [sb] (US), anaesthetize [sb], anaesthetise [sb] (UK) vtr figurative (desensitize to emotion)使麻木，使迟钝； (比喻感情等)麻醉anger [sb] vtr (make angry)使生气；激怒Her answer angered him.她的回答激怒了他。angry with [sb], angry at [sb] adj + prep (cross with [sb])生...的气；对...感到愤怒的Doris is angry with her lazy husband.朵瑞丝对自己懒惰的丈夫感到很生气。angry with [sb] for doing [sth], angry at [sb] for doing [sth] expr (cross with [sb])为某事生某人气I am angry with my sister for taking my book.妹妹拿了我的书，我很生气。animadvert on [sth/sb] vi + prep formal (criticize)批评；指摘The author animadverted on his rival's work.animate [sth/sb] vtr (motivate)激励；鼓舞Richard tried to animate his friends to go out and do something with him.理查德尝试鼓动他的朋友跟他一起出门去做一些事。animate [sb/sth] vtr (bring to life)赋予...生命；使...有生命Frankenstein is a story about a scientist who builds a man and animates him using electricity.《科学怪人》是讲述一位科学家制造出一个人并利用电能赋予其生命的故事。annihilate [sb/sth] vtr figurative, informal, often passive (sport, etc.: defeat) (用于运动、游戏等)击败，打败The other team annihilated us 5-0.另一队以5比0击败了我们。annoy [sb] vtr (irritate, anger)惹恼；激怒People who jump the queue annoy me.插队的人惹恼了我。annoy [sb] vtr (pester, harass)烦扰；骚扰；打搅I'll never finish this report on time if you keep coming to annoy me.如果你一直来烦我，我就不能按时完成这份报告了。be annoyed at [sb/sth], be annoyed with [sb/sth] adj + prep (irritated, angry)对...感到恼怒，对...感到气恼I'm annoyed at my brother for leaving the room in such a mess.弟弟把房间搞得一团糟，让我大为光火。anoint [sth/sb] vtr (apply ointment to)涂膏于The doctor anointed the suture with an antibiotic ointment.医生在缝合处涂上了抗菌药膏。anoint [sb/sth] vtr (apply oil to)涂油于；搽油于The priest anointed the man's forehead.牧师在那个男人前额涂了油。anoint [sb] vtr (religion: consecrate) (一种宗教仪式)为某人施涂油礼以净身The priest anointed the body to prepare it for burial.牧师为尸体涂上油，准备下葬。anoint [sb] vtr (give important position)选定The CEO has yet to anoint his successor.首席执行官还没有选定他的继任者。answer [sb/sth] vtr (reply, respond)回答；回应Kate answered Ben with a nod of her head.凯特点点头，算是回答本。answer to [sb] vi + prep (justify actions) (一般指就事)向...做出解释；向...承担责任You will have to answer to both the teacher and the principal for cheating in the exam.answer to [sb] vi + prep (be subordinate to [sb])听命于；效令于Being independently wealthy, he answered to nobody.answerable to [sb] adj + prep (has to report to [sb]) (对职位更高者)对…负责She believes she is answerable to God and not to any human authority.antagonize [sb], also UK: antagonise [sb] vtr (make hostile)招…的怨；引致…的敌对；招来…的反感Ryan's actions antagonized many of his friends.ape [sb/sth] vtr (mimic)模仿Billy disrespectfully aped his teacher in front of his classmates.比利当着全班的面模仿他的老师，毫无尊重可言。apologist, apologist for [sth/sb] n (person who publicly defends [sth])辩护者；辩解者apologize to [sb], also UK: apologise to [sb] vi + prep (say sorry to [sb]) (人)向…道歉；向…说对不起I apologized to Brenda for the incident and she forgave me.我就那场意外向布兰达道歉，然后她原谅了我。apologise to [sb] for [sth], also UK: apologise to [sb] for [sth] v expr (say sorry to [sb] for [sth])为了某事向某人道歉You ought to apologize to Stephen for the way you treated him yesterday.你应该为自己昨天对待史蒂夫的方式向他道歉。apologise to [sb] for doing [sth], also UK: apologise to [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (say sorry to [sb] for doing [sth])因为做…向…道歉Jane apologized to me for calling me a liar.简因为叫我谎话精而向我道歉。apology for [sth/sb] n formal (apologia: defence of [sth], [sb])为...所做的辩护The biography reads as an apology for its subject's crimes.这本传记读起来像是在为主人公所犯下的罪行辩护一样。apostrophize [sb/sth], also UK: apostrophise [sb/sth] vtr formal (address by apostrophe)向…诵诗；向...述说appall [sb] (US), appal [sb] (UK) vtr often passive (shock, horrify)使…惊骇；使…震惊Your recent bad behavior appalls me.你最近的糟糕表现让我感到震惊。appeal to [sb] vi + prep (be attractive)吸引…的兴趣；引起…的兴趣It is the film's intense love story that appeals to teenage girls.吸引青春期少女兴趣的是电影中炽热的爱情故事。appeal to [sb] for [sth] v expr (ask for help)为某事向某人求助The state governors appealed to the President for help in stopping the riots.为平息暴乱，州政府向总统寻求帮助。appeal to [sb] to do [sth] v expr (ask)呼吁某人做某事；请求某人做某事The Senator appealed to his fellow legislators to vote for more aid to the poor.参议员呼吁其他议员投票，同意为穷人提供更多帮助。appeal to [sb] vi + prep (ask)求助于某人；向某人求助； (人)请求William appealed to his father in the hope that he would provide him with a loan.威廉向父亲求助，希望父亲能贷款给他。appear for [sb] vi + prep (represent in court)代理…出庭；代替…出庭Your Honor, I'm James Alfred III, appearing for the defendant.法官大人，我是詹姆斯·阿尔弗雷德三世，我代替被告出庭。appease [sb] vtr (calm)抚慰；使息怒The new nanny appeased the fussy infant by singing to him.新保姆通过唱歌来安抚吵闹的婴儿。appease [sb] vtr (avoid conflict with) (为避免冲突)绥靖, 姑息, 对…让步Anthony appeased his boss by promising the project would be complete by the end of the week.安东尼对老板作出让步，承诺项目将在本周末完成。applaud [sth/sb] vtr (clap in approval of)为…鼓掌，替…鼓掌；为…喝彩，向…叫好The enthusiastic audience applauded each contestant.热情的观众为每一位参赛者鼓掌。applaud [sth/sb] vtr figurative (show approval of)赞成，赞同，赞许；支持，拥护We applaud the council's decision to revoke their alcohol license.我们赞同委员会撤销他们酒类许可的决定。apple of [sb]'s eye n (beloved person)某人的掌上明珠Jenny loved all her children, but her eldest child was the apple of her eye.珍妮深爱着自己所有的孩子，不过长子是她的掌上明珠。applicable to [sth/sb] adj + prep (relevant)可应用的, 适用的The requirements are applicable to everyone, no matter their age or sex.不管年龄或性别，本规定适用于所有人。apply [sth] to [sth/sb] vtr (spread [sth] on [sth/sb])将...涂抹在...上；往...上搽...Apply the moisturizer liberally to your face and neck.请将保湿液大量地涂抹在你的面部和颈部。apply to [sb/sth] vi + prep (be relevant to [sb], [sth])适用于；适合The guidelines do not apply to this case.这个指导方针并不适用于这个案子。apply pressure to [sb] vtr + n figurative (try to persuade)施加压力What the army calls "applying pressure to prisoners" other people might call "torture".appoint [sb] as [sth] vtr + prep (give a role, job)任命…为；指派…担任The board of directors appointed Mark as head of the party-planning committee.董事会任命马克为党委计划委员会主任。appoint [sb] [sth] vtr (give a role, job)任命...为；指派...担任The President has appointed Jim his chief of staff.总统已任命吉姆为他的幕僚长。appoint [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (give a role, job)任命...为；将...委任给The Queen appoints members to the House of Lords.女皇将各成员任命为上议院议员。apportion [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (responsibility, etc.: assign to)分派The president apportioned the open cabinet seats to his closest colleagues.appreciate [sb] vtr (value: [sb])赏识；欣赏The teacher shows that she appreciates her students.apprehend [sb] vtr (arrest)逮捕；拘押；扣留Police apprehended the suspect as he tried to leave the building.在嫌疑犯试图离开大楼时，警方将其逮捕。apprentice [sb] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (place with employer)让...当学徒Several boys in the family were apprenticed to the factory.家里让几个儿子都去工厂当学徒。apprise [sb] of [sth], apprize [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep formal (notify [sb])通知；告知approach [sb/sth] vtr (move closer physically) (空间)移近，接近，靠近The boxer approached his opponent carefully.拳击手小心地接近对手。approach [sb] vtr (speak to)与…接触，与…谈话Edwin is very nervous when he approaches girls.埃德温与女孩接触时总是很紧张。appropriate for [sb] adj + prep (suited, right)对…合适的；适合（某人）的Books about the Sesame Street characters are appropriate for the under 7 set.有关《芝麻街》角色的书籍适合7岁以下儿童阅读。approve of [sth/sb] vi + prep (consider good, acceptable)满意；喜欢Her parents did not approve of her new boyfriend.她的父母不喜欢她的新男友。argue about [sth], argue about [sth] with [sb] vi + prep (disagree)因某事与某人争吵My friend always argues about money with her husband.我朋友总是因钱的事和她丈夫争吵。arm [sb] vtr (equip with weapons)把…武装起来，给…配备武装The school's board of trustees has approved a plan to arm police officers on campus.学校董事会已经批准了为校园里的警察配备武装的计划。arm [sb] vtr (prepare for war)为…提供武装；武装We aren't sure who is arming the rebel group.arm [sb] with [sth] vtr (equip with weapons)用…武装…The suspect was armed with several firearms.嫌犯持有几支枪。armor [sb] (US), armour [sb] (UK) vtr (equip with armor)为...穿上盔甲arouse [sb] vtr (sexually)激起...的情欲The sexy scene in the movie aroused Rachel.电影里惹火的镜头激起了瑞秋的情欲。arouse [sb] vtr (wake up)唤醒Caroline aroused the children before dawn to milk the cows.黎明时，卡洛琳将孩子们唤醒，让他们去挤奶。arraign [sb] vtr figurative (blame, criticize)责难；批评arrange for [sb] to do [sth] v expr (make preparations)安排某人做某事They arranged for a babysitter to take care of the children.他们安排了一位保姆来照顾孩子。array [sth/sb] vtr (troops: line up) (军队)列（队），整（队）The general arrayed his troops in anticipation of battle.将军整列好自己的军队，为战斗做好准备。array [sb] in [sth] vtr often passive (dress)给...穿上华美服饰；盛装装扮...The geisha was arrayed in a deep purple kimono with intricate embroidery.这位艺伎身着带有复杂刺绣的深紫色和服。arrest [sb] vtr (police: take into custody)拘捕；逮捕The police arrested several suspects.警察拘捕了几个嫌疑犯。as agreed with [sb] expr (in the way decided with [sb])按照和…达成的合意as compared with [sb/sth] expr (in comparison to)与…相比As compared with American English, British English seems more formal.as much as [sb/sth] expr (the same amount as)像…一样多Nobody can eat as much as my brother!没有人能比我兄弟吃得更多！as much [sth] as [sb/sth] expr (an equal amount of)和...等量I can't eat as much cheese as my sister.我吃不了和姐姐等量的奶酪。ascribable to [sb/sth] adj (can be credited to)归因于ascribe [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (attribute [sth] to [sb])归因于，认为是由于；把…归属于，认为是…所写How can you ascribe such motives to me without any evidence?你怎么能在没有证据情况下就说我有这样的动机？ashamed of [sth/sb] adj + prep (embarrassed)对…感到羞耻；为…感到羞愧I was ashamed of my boyfriend's rude behavior at the dinner party.我对男友在晚宴期间的粗鲁表现感到羞耻。ask [sb] [sth] vtr (with object: enquire)询问某人某事A man stopped me in the street and asked me the time.一个男子在街上叫住了我，并向我询问时间。ask [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (request [sth] from [sb])向某人要某物；向某人索求某物The homeless woman asked me for money.这名无家可归的女性向我要钱。ask [sb] to do [sth] v expr (request that [sb] do [sth])请求某人做某事My sister asked me to pass the salt.我妹妹请我把盐递过去。ask [sb] if/whether vtr (with object, clause: enquire)问；询问Rita asked me if I wanted dinner.瑞塔问我要不要吃晚饭。ask [sb] about [sth] vtr (request information from [sb])询问某人某事；向某人咨询某事，向某人打听某事He asked his father about jobs in the factory.他向父亲打听那家工厂的就业机会。ask for [sb] vi + prep (ask to see [sb])要求见；想见；找 (某人)There's a man at the door asking for you.敲门的那个人说想找你。ask [sb] a favor (US), ask [sb] a favour (UK) v expr (request that [sb] do [sth])请求某人帮助ask a favor of [sb] (US), ask a favour of [sb] (UK) v expr (request that [sb] do [sth])向某人请求帮助Could I ask a favor of you?ask [sb] a question v expr (want to know [sth])向...提问；问...问题My young daughter asks me a lot of questions.ask [sb] for forgiveness v expr (plead to be pardoned)请求...原谅Since you caused so much trouble, you should ask your father for forgiveness.asphyxiate [sb] vtr (suffocate)使窒息assail [sb] vtr (attack physically)攻击；痛击；猛击The robber assailed the man in an alleyway and stole his wallet.那个抢劫犯在小巷里袭击了那个男人并偷走了他的钱包。assail [sb/sth] vtr (attack verbally, criticize)抨击；言语攻击The politician's rivals have been constantly assailing him in public speeches.该政客的对手不断地在公开演说中抨击他。assail [sb] vtr (trouble, afflict)困扰；使…烦恼Public schools have been assailed by federal cutbacks.公立学校因联邦削减经费而困扰。assassinate [sb] vtr (murder: a public figure)暗杀；行刺President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in 1865, shot dead while at the theater.总统亚伯拉罕·林肯在1865年被暗杀，是当时在剧院被枪杀的。assault [sb] vtr (attack)攻击；袭击The two men assaulted James while he was walking in the park.詹姆斯在公园散步时，两名男子袭击了他。assault [sb] vtr often passive (abuse sexually)强奸Becky was assaulted while walking through the isolated parking lot after dark.贝基在天黑后穿过偏僻的停车场时遭到强奸。assign [sth] to [sb] vtr (task: give to [sb])把…分配给；指派…负责The manager assigned the task of interviewing job candidates to her assistant.经理将面试求职者的任务分配给了助理。assign [sb] [sth] vtr (charge with a task)指派…做；任命…负责Sarah's supervisor assigned her the task of writing the company newsletter.莎拉的主管指派她编写公司通讯稿。assign [sb] to do [sth] v expr (charge with a task)分配；指派；选派（某人做某事）They assigned Cheri to bake cookies for the luncheon.他们指派谢利为午宴烤饼干。assign [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (allocate to [sb])将…指派给…负责；将…分配给…做City council has assigned resources to five new charity groups this year.市议会今年已将资源分配给了五个新的慈善团体。assign [sth] to [sb] vtr (law: transfer) (法律)把...转让给，把...让渡给assign a task to [sb] v expr (allocate a job)分派工作；指派任务Because she was a new employee, I assigned a task to her that was not difficult.assist [sb] vtr (help)帮助...，协助...Eva assists elementary school children with their homework every Tuesday afternoon.每个周二下午，伊娃都会帮助小学孩子们做家庭作业。assist [sb] in doing [sth] v expr (help to do)帮助某人做某事，协助某人做某事Naomi's cousins assisted her in making preparations for the wedding.直美的堂兄妹们帮她置办婚礼。assist [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (help to do)帮助...做...We persuaded a neighbour with a large van to assist us with our move.我们说服了一名有大货车的邻居帮助我们搬家。associate [sth/sb] with [sth/sb] vtr (connect mentally)联想；联系For some reason, I associate Max with peanut butter.不知道什么原因，我一看到花生酱就会联想到马克思。be associated with [sth/sb] v expr (be related to)与...有关；关乎For many people, Christmas is associated with gifts and shopping.对许多人来说，圣诞节关乎礼物和购物。associated with [sb/sth] adj + prep (related, connected to)与…有关系的；与…有联系的Although they work in similar fields, Charlie is not associated with Bob. She is not associated with the college, so you cannot have her as your advisor.虽然查理和鲍勃在相似的领域工作，但他们与彼此没有联系。她与大学没有关系，所以不能做你的顾问。assure [sb], assure [sb] that vtr (with clause: say confidently)对...肯定地说；向…断言The tour guide assured the group that they would be able to see whales from the boat.导游对旅游团肯定地说，他们可以从船上看到鲸鱼。assure [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (guarantee [sth])向...保证；使...确信Marcus tried to assure Liz of the reliability of the car, but she didn't believe him.马库斯试图向利兹保证汽车的可靠，但利兹不相信他。astonish [sb] vtr (amaze, astound)让...震惊；使大吃一惊The cost of the wedding truly astonished me.婚礼的成本真让我震惊。be astonished at [sth/sb] v expr (be amazed by)因...吃惊；为...感到惊讶Onlookers were astonished at the firefighter's bravery.消防队员的勇敢让旁观者大为惊叹。astound [sb] vtr (amaze)使讶异；使惊诧；使震惊The magician astounded me with his illusions.魔术师用他制造的假象让我感到震惊。at ease with [sb/sth] adj (comfortable)自在；不拘束Chris was very friendly, and I instantly felt at ease with him.克里斯为人友好，所以在他面前时，我马上就觉得很自在。at odds with [sb] adj (person: disagreeing)与...意见相左的；与...意见不一的at [sb]'s expense adv figurative (causing [sb] discomfort)让...付出代价John made a joke at Lina's expense, causing everyone to laugh except Lina, who frowned in dismay.at the behest of, at [sb]'s behest expr literary (as ordered by)受...的吩咐；应...的要求at the behest of, at [sb]'s behest expr literary (as strongly requested by)在…的敦促下；在…的强烈要求下The accused man was deported to the UK at the behest of the British government.at the discretion of [sb], at [sb]'s discretion expr (according to [sb]'s judgment)任凭...决定；由...自行裁定at the expense of [sb], at [sb]'s expense adv (paid for by [sb] else)由...出钱Faculty can attend the conference at the university's expense.at the expense of [sb], at [sb]'s expense prep figurative (to the detriment of [sb])以损失…为代价Many children make cruel jokes at the expense of other children.at [sb]'s expense prep figurative (to detriment of [sb]) (人)以损伤...为代价，以伤害...为代价；at [sb]'s feet, at the feet of [sb] adv (in front of feet)在某人脚边The pencil was lying at his feet, just where he had dropped it.at [sb]'s feet, at the feet of [sb] adv figurative (worshipping)臣服于某人脚下；让某人崇拜Michael had all of the audience at his feet when he sang his latest hit song.at the hands of [sb], at the hand of [sb], by the hands of [sb], by the hand of [sb] prep (because of)出自某人之手；因为某人的原因Many women die at the hands of their own families for perceived dishonor.at [sb]'s hands, at [sb]'s hand, by [sb]'s hands, by [sb]'s hand prep (because of) (指由于某人行为)因为，由于；于...之手，在...手里at the mercy of [sb] prep (dependent)仰赖…的怜悯The child was left at the mercy of his older cousins.at [sb]'s mercy prep (dependent)受...支配；在...的掌握之中at the request of [sb], at [sb]'s request expr (in response to [sb] asking)应…的要求At the request of the Headteacher, the teachers attended a conference.at the suggestion of [sb], at [sb]'s suggestion expr (in response to [sb] else's idea)根据…的建议At the suggestion of my neighbor, I went to the library and checked out some good books.be at variance with [sb] adj (disagreeing)与…有分歧at war with [sb] expr (in armed conflict with)与…交战；与…处于交战状态Britain had been at war with France since 1803.at war with [sb] expr figurative (in a dispute with)与…发生争执；与…发生口角Mr. Ellis has been at war with his neighbour Mr Barker about the state of his garden.at war with [sb] expr figurative (fighting, in conflict with)与…打起来Some militant vegans are at war with meat eaters.The Church has often been openly at war with Marxism.at [sb]'s beck and call, at the beck and call of [sb] expr (available to serve you at any time)随叫随到I will be at your beck and call.at [sb]'s disposal, as the disposal of [sb/sth] adv (available for your use)供你自由使用；由你自由支配I'll leave the computer at your disposal.我会把电脑留给你，供你自由使用。at [sb]'s disposal, as the disposal of [sb] adv (person: available to serve you)随时为您服务；随时听候您的差遣Once I finish this work I will be at your disposal.一旦我做完这个工作，就随时听候您的差遣。at [sb]'s fingertips expr figurative (easily available) (比喻)唾手可得的，手边的You should have everything you need at your fingertips before you start your work.at [sb]'s side, by [sb]'s side adv (beside) (本义)在某人身旁, 在某人身边I will sit at your side during the banquet.at [sb]'s side, by [sb]'s side adv figurative (supporting, comforting) (比喻，表示支持)和某人站在一起, 站在某人一边；支持某人, 安慰某人Fortunately, your husband will always be at your side because he loves you.attach [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (connect to)把...系在...上，把...拴在...上，给…系上The children attached hooks to the ornaments before placing them on the Christmas tree.孩子们给饰品系上挂钩后，把它们挂到圣诞树上。attach [sth] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (fasten)把...紧紧绑在...上；把...固定在...在Jamie attached a note for her son's teacher to his sleeve so he would not forget.杰米把给儿子老师的字条绑在了儿子的袖口，这样他就不会忘了。attach yourself to [sb/sth] v expr figurative (individual, group: follow around)依恋，依赖；缠着...不放Dave attached himself to our group in the first week of college, but none of us really like him.大学第一周，大卫一直缠着我们的小组，但我们中没有人喜欢他。attach [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep often passive (military: assign) (军事)将…调配到， 将…配属给The sergeant attached Rick to a special ops unit.队长将里克调配到一支特别行动组。attach [sb] as [sth] vtr often passive (officially appoint)指派…为；任命…为They attached Melinda as a security officer for the department.他们指派梅琳达为该部门的安全长官。attached to [sb/sth] adj + prep figurative (fond of)喜欢…的My daughter is very attached to her stuffed bear.我女儿很喜欢她的毛绒熊。attack [sb] vtr (assault) (用武力)攻击，袭击； (用语言)攻击，抨击The robbers attacked him in the street.强盗在街上袭击了他。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 新闻媒体对这本新书进行了大肆抨击。attack [sb] vtr (criticize severely)抨击The candidate viciously attacked his opponent.那位竞选者猛烈抨击自己的对手。attend [sb] vtr (look after, guard)看管，看守The prisoner was attended by an armed escort.该名囚犯由一名武装护送人员看管。attend on [sb] vi + prep UK (serve)服侍；服务；为...提供服务There were several staff to attend on the guests.attend to [sb] vi + prep (help)接待…；帮助…The doctor will attend to you shortly.attend to [sb] vi + prep (serve, wait upon)服侍；招待The guest was told that the waiter would attend to him.attended by [sb/sth] adj + prep (accompanied)由…陪同The queen was attended by six ladies in waiting.attentive to [sth/sb] adj + prep (courteous, considerate)对…体贴周到的；对…态度殷勤的The staff at the hotel are quite attentive to guests' needs and desires.酒店的工作人员对客人的需求和愿望非常体贴周到。attire [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep formal (dress)为...穿上The ladies-in-waiting attired the queen in a lavish silk ball gown.侍女们为女皇穿上一件奢华的丝绸舞会礼服。be attracted to [sb] v expr (sexually drawn to: [sb])对某人有好感； (人)喜欢I'm attracted to him, but he does not even know my name.我喜欢他，但他连我的名字都不清楚。attributable to [sth/sb] adj + prep (can be ascribed to)由…引起Philip's disruptive behavior is attributable to his parents' divorce.attributed to [sb] adj + prep (credited)归功于...The discovery of microbes is often attributed to Antony van Leeuwenhoek.attrit [sb/sth] vtr US, informal (wear down)损耗；使疲劳attrit [sb/sth] vtr US, informal (decrease in number)消耗；削弱The army was able to attrit the enemy forces.attune [sb/sth] vtr often passive (make receptive)使…和谐；使…协调attune [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep often passive (make receptive to [sth])习惯于…The politician is known for being attuned to the desires of the people.attune [sb] vtr often passive (acclimatize)适应attune [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep often passive (acclimatize [sb] to [sth])使…适应The program is designed to attune teachers to new teaching methods.audit [sth/sb] vtr (government: conduct a review of)审查；检查Last year, Harry and Sally were audited by the IRS.去年，哈利和萨丽接受了国税局的审查。audition [sb] vtr (try performers for a role)让…试镜；安排…试演We auditioned over 50 actors but didn't like any of them.我们试镜了50多位演员，但是未看中任何一位。authorize [sb] to do [sth], also UK: authorise [sb] to do [sth] v expr (permit officially to do)授权…做…Marla authorized her assistant to file the papers with the city.authorize [sb] for [sth], also UK: authorise [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (permit access)授予...进入...的权限Jack's boss authorized him for entry to the secured area.avail [sb] vtr literary (be of use to, benefit)有益于；有助于In the end, none of these desperate measures availed him.最后，这些极端措施对他并没有帮助。avenge [sb] vtr (take revenge for [sb]) (为某人)为…复仇She avenged her husband for the ruin his partners brought him.因丈夫的伙伴毁了他，她为她的丈夫复仇。avoid [sth/sb] vtr (stay away from)避免；避开The kayakers avoided the rocks in the river.皮艇避开了河中的礁石。avoid [sth/sb] vtr (escape, evade)逃脱（追捕等）；逃避某人The fugitive avoided arrest.该逃犯逃脱了追捕。avoid [sb/sth] like the plague v expr informal (stay away from)不惜一切代价避开；无论怎样都要避免Jenny is the most annoying person in the office; I avoid her like the plague.await [sb] vtr (person: be waiting for)等候；期待Thea was awaiting her cousin.提亚在等候她堂弟。await [sb] vtr figurative (be going to happen)将要发生在...身上Nothing but terror awaited them on the ship.在那只船上，将发生在他们身上的只有恐惧。awaken [sb] vtr (wake: [sb])唤醒，叫醒；使觉醒The sound of cats outside awakened me.外面的猫叫吵醒了我。award [sb] [sth] vtr (give [sb] a prize)给…颁（奖）；授予某人某物He was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace.他被授予诺贝尔和平奖。award [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (give a prize to [sb])给予…某种奖励，授予…某项奖励They awarded the Oscar for Best Picture to "12 Years a Slave".他们将奥斯卡最佳影片奖授予了《为奴十二年》。award [sb] [sth] vtr (grant, give [sb] [sth])给予；允许She was awarded the Advanced Literature class because of her teaching skills.因为她的教学技巧，她被允许开设高等文学班。award [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (grant, give [sth] to [sb])给予，给The government awarded the contract to the small company.政府把合同给了那家小公司。away from [sth/sb] prep (at a distance)从…离开；远离Away from the earthquake's epicentre there was less damage.远离地震震中的区域，损毁程度较轻。away with [sb] interj (dismiss or remove [sb])赶走awe [sb] vtr (amaze)让…惊叹不已，让…感到惊奇The magician awed the crowd with his death-defying act.魔术师极度危险的表演让观众惊叹不已。baby [sb/sth] vtr (treat gently)像照顾婴儿般照料；细心照料She went to the spa, where the staff would pamper and baby her.baby [sb] vtr disapproving (treat like a child)像对待婴儿一样对待；溺爱；娇惯I wish my parents would stop babying me.babysit [sb], baby-sit vtr (watch over: [sb] else's child)为…做保姆I asked my mother to babysit Tom for me so that I could work an extra shift.我让我妈妈为我照看汤姆，这样我就可以多做一个班次。back [sth/sb] vtr (wager on)下赌注于；押注于Which horse should we back?back [sb] vtr informal (music: accompany)为…伴奏They're going to back Bob Dylan on his next tour.back [sb] vtr (support [sb]) (指人)拥护；支持I back this candidate for mayor.我支持这位候选人当市长。back into [sth/sb] vi + prep (hit by reversing)倒退撞上He wasn't paying attention and backed into the bollard.back [sth] into [sth/sb] vtr + prep (vehicle: hit while reversing)倒车时撞上...Matt accidentally backed his car into a lamppost.backtalk [sb], back-talk [sb] vtr (make insolent retorts to [sb])跟…顶嘴Don't you dare backtalk me, young lady!小姑娘，你怎么敢跟我顶嘴!a bad feeling about [sth/sb] n (misgivings)对…有不好的预感；对…有不详之感I have a bad feeling about this place; I think we should leave.badger [sb] vtr (pester)纠缠；吵着要Jane keeps badgering me about going camping with her.简一直纠缠我，要我和她一起去宿营。badger [sb] into doing [sth], badger [sb] to do [sth] v expr (pester to do [sth])缠着...做...；纠缠...做...My children badgered me into taking them to the playground.孩子们缠着要我带他们去游乐场。badmouth [sb], bad-mouth vtr informal (disparage [sb])诋毁，恶意中伤Janice badmouthed her old employer, who then refused to provide her with a reference.贾尼斯大肆攻击她的前雇主，因为他拒绝向她提供推荐信。baffle [sb] vtr (confuse, mystify)使困惑；难住I thought Evan really wanted to take the class; it baffles me that he didn't.我原以为埃文很想要参加这个课程，所以他没有参加我感到很困惑。bag [sb] vtr US, offensive, slang (have sex with)与…性交；和…做爱；和…上床Neil's friends were bored of listening to him go on about which girls he'd like to bag.尼尔没完没了地说要和那个女孩儿上床，他的朋友已经听够了。bail [sb] vtr (pay to release from jail)保释Richard bailed his brother when he was arrested for drunk driving.理查德在他兄弟醉酒驾驶被捕后将他保释出来。bait [sb] vtr figurative (lure) (比喻)诱惑；引诱The undercover policeman baited a criminal and caught him committing the crime.那个便衣警察引诱到了一名罪犯，在他犯罪的时候抓了个现行。bait [sb] vtr figurative (torment, tease)戏弄；逗弄The little boy baited his sister until she cried.那个小男孩戏弄她妹妹，惹得她哭了起来。bait [sb] vtr figurative (tempt, seduce)勾引；引诱Jasmine hoped to bait a rich man with her showy clothes.茉莉想用华丽的服饰勾引有钱人。ball [sb] vtr US, vulgar, slang (have sex with)与…性交The hot kisses made him want to ball her.ballot [sb] vtr (poll)让...投票表决The union balloted its members on whether to take strike action.工会让其成员投票表决是否采取罢工。ballot [sb/sth] vtr (select by vote)用投票方式选出；用投票方式决定The homeowners' association will ballot a new secretary soon since the previous one moved away.前任秘书搬走之后，业主协会即将投票选出新秘书。ballot for [sb/sth] vi + prep (make selection by vote)给...投票；就...投票The club will ballot for new officers at the next meeting.bamboozle [sb] vtr (perplex, bewilder)迷惑；使…困惑The magician's tricks quite bamboozled me.魔术师的戏法迷惑了我。bamboozle [sb] vtr often passive (deceive, trick)欺骗；哄骗ban [sb] from doing [sth] v expr often passive (prohibit)禁止某人做某事Students are banned from chewing gum in class at this school.这所学校禁止学生上课嚼口香糖。ban [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (expel, exclude)禁止某人进入某地After he was caught stealing books, Richie was banned from the library.瑞奇偷书被抓后，被禁止再进入图书馆。bang into [sb/sth] vi + prep (collide with, bump into) (某人)遇到, 碰见； (某物)撞到, 撞上Sara banged into the table, bruising her knee.莎拉不小心撞到桌子，碰青了膝盖。bang [sb] vtr vulgar, slang (have sex with) (粗俗俚语)与…性交；与...发生关系Ben says he's banged a lot of girls, but I don't believe him.本说他与许多女孩发生过关系，但我不相信他。banish [sb] vtr (exile, force to leave)流放；把…驱逐出境He was banished from the kingdom for hunting in the king's domain.他因在国王的领地狩猎被驱逐出王国。bank on [sth/sb], bank upon [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (rely, bet)依靠；指望I'm banking on the stock market recovering; otherwise I won't have enough retirement funds.bankrupt [sb/sth] vtr (ruin financially)使...破产This mistake will bankrupt the company.这个错误会使公司破产的。baptize [sb], also UK: baptise [sb] vtr often passive (admit into church)为…受洗入教The priest baptized the child into the Catholic Church.baptize [sb] [sth], also UK: baptise [sb] [sth] vtr often passive (christen, name)给…授以教名The priest baptised the little girl Eleanor.牧师为这个小女孩取名为埃莉诺。bar [sb] vtr (exclude, ban)禁止；排除The disco has barred Andy because of his crazy antics.安迪动作疯狂滑稽，因此这家迪厅禁止他入内。bar [sb] from doing [sth] vtr + prep often passive (exclude, ban from doing [sth])禁止某人做某事The judge barred Lewis from driving for a year.法官禁止路易斯开车一年。barbarize [sb], also UK: barbarise [sb] vtr (make [sb] savage) (人)使变野蛮barge into [sb/sth] vi + prep informal (shove)撞，推挤I was standing at the bus stop when some idiot barged into me and knocked me off my feet.bark at [sb] vi + prep figurative (tell angrily)对...咆哮；对...怒吼Lately, my boss has been barking at me all the time.最近，老板总是对我发火。barrack [sb] vtr usually passive (lodge: a soldier)兵营，军营；营房Soldiers were barracked just outside the town during the Second World War.barrack for [sb] vi + prep AU, informal (shout encouragement, support for)为...加油, 替...喝彩助威barrack [sb] vtr UK (jeer at)嘲笑barrage [sb/sth] vtr (shoot artillery fire)以密集炮火进攻Enemy fire barraged the scout party.敌人的炮火集中攻击侦察队。barrage [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative (subject to: questions, etc.)向…问一大堆问题The police barraged the child with questions about what he witnessed.警方就目击情况向那个孩子问了一系列问题。base [sb] vtr usually passive (station)驻地在；被派驻于Tom's company based him in New York, but he travels all over the US.汤姆的公司将他派驻到纽约，但他要去美国各地出差。bash [sth/sb] vtr literal, informal (hit hard)重击；重打The toddler accidentally bashed her babysitter with a toy.那个幼童不小心用玩具重重打到了保姆的头。bash [sb/sth] vtr informal, figurative (criticize severely) (比喻)抨击；严厉批评Hector bashed the presentation for nearly an hour afterwards.演示结束后，海克托抨击了将近一个小时。bash into [sth/sb] vi + prep informal (collide with)撞上；撞到Walter neglected to watch where he was going and bashed into a wall.沃尔特走路时不小心看路，还撞到墙上了。bath [sb/sth] vtr UK (bathe: wash in a tub) (在浴缸里)给...洗澡Fiona checked the temperature of the water before bathing the baby.菲奥娜在给婴儿洗澡前检查了水温。bathe [sb] vtr (wash, bath)给…洗澡John bathed the baby carefully in the sink.约翰在水池里仔细地给婴儿洗澡。batten on [sb], batten upon [sb] vi + prep UK, figurative (prosper at [sb]'s expense)损人肥己The millionaire is famous for gaining his wealth by battening on others.这位百万富翁以牺牲他人来获得财富而闻名。batter [sb/sth] vtr (hit repeatedly)不断击打Hail battered the cars in the parking lot.冰雹不断击打着停车场的车。batter [sb] vtr dated (wife: beat, hit)虐待；对...使用暴力The woman's husband had been battering her for years before she finally sought help.那个女人的丈夫多年来一直虐待她，她最终无法忍受，去寻求帮助了。battle [sb/sth] vtr (fight: person, group)和…搏斗They battled the enemy for two weeks.他们和敌人搏斗了两个星期。battle against [sb] vi + prep figurative (strenuously oppose) (与人)与…做斗争，与…抗争Ed Miliband battled against his brother David for leadership of the Labour party.bawl at [sb] vi + prep (shout, yell)大喊大叫；嚎叫；怒吼There's no use in bawling at me to drive faster; the speed limit is 30 miles an hour!为了开了快朝我大吼没用，限速为每小时30英里。be afoul of [sth/sb] v expr (be in conflict with [sth] or [sb])有冲突；相抵触The defendant was well aware that in accepting the bribe, he was afoul of the law.被告很清楚，他接受贿赂的行为是违法的。be aimed at [sth/sb] v expr (be intended for)目的在于；被用于This series of videos is aimed at preschool-aged children.be descended from [sb] v expr (human: have as ancestor)是…的后裔The family is descended from Prince Axel of Denmark and Princess Margaretha of Sweden.be espoused to [sb] v expr literary, archaic (marry [sb])嫁给；许配给be faithful to [sb] v expr (not cheat sexually on)对（配偶等）忠诚I will only stay with my boyfriend if he is faithful to me.be followed by [sth/sb] v expr (precede, come before)在…之前；先于The calm is always followed by the storm.be hell on [sb/sth] v expr (cause extreme difficulty)让...尝尝厉害；给...点颜色看看be in contact with [sb/sth] v expr (communicate with)与...联系The man suspected of the bombing attack had been in contact with a foreign terrorist organization.be in touch with [sb] v expr informal (make contact)与…联系；与…联络Have you been in touch with her recently?be in touch with [sb] v expr informal (habitually be in contact)与…一直保持联系；与…一直保持联络Are you still in touch with your friends from high school?be in with [sb] v expr informal (be friendly with)对...友好；与...是朋友be in [sb]'s shoes v expr figurative (be in another person's situation)站在...的角度思考；替...着想be just like [sb] v expr informal (be typical, expected of [sb])某人的典型方式；一贯如此It's just like Alice to lock herself out of her own hotel room.be led by [sb] v expr (be managed)由…领导The research project was led by a university professor.be music to [sb]'s ears, be music to the ears of [sb] v expr figurative (be welcome news)好消息；佳音be named after [sth/sb], be named for [sth/sb] v expr (be given the same name as)以…命名I was named after my mother's best friend. The park was named for the town's mayor.我以我母亲最好的朋友的名字来取名。这个公园以该城镇市长的名字命名。be no match for [sb] v expr (not be as good as [sb])比不上；没有...要好be out to get [sb] v expr informal (want revenge)找…的麻烦；报复某人She has been out to get me ever since she learned that I was dating her ex-boyfriend.be right for [sb] v expr (be compatible with [sb])与…相配, 对…来说合适Everyone knew Marshall and Elaine were right for each other.be [sb]'s eyes and ears v expr figurative (gather information) (比喻义)做某人的耳目be the death of [sb] v expr (cause [sb]'s death)把...害死be the making of [sb] v expr (bring success for [sb])成就...的因素；让...成功的基础The singer's brilliant new album could be the making of him.be the same as [sth/sb] vtr (be identical to)与…相同The blouse that I wore was the same as my sister's. Christmas dinner was the same as always: ham, potatoes, and salad.我穿的衬衫与我姐妹的相同。圣诞晚餐一直以来都一样：火腿、土豆和色拉。be to [sb]'s advantage, be to the advantage of [sb] v expr (benefit [sb])让…得益；对…好处I know you're not a natural linguist, but learning French would be to your advantage, given that we live in France.be used to [sth/sb] v expr (familiar with) (事物)习惯于, 对…习以为常； (人)对…很熟悉, 习惯了Jen is used to noise; she has six children.珍习惯了吵吵闹闹，因为她有六个孩子。be with [sb] vi + prep (be in company of)和 ... 一起The dying woman wanted to be with her family in her last days.be with [sb] vi + prep informal (date)与...约会；与...谈恋爱She's been with her current boyfriend for nearly a year.be with [sb] vi + prep informal, figurative (showing solidarity)与...同在；与...并肩The crowd responded to her speech with shouts of "We're with you, Amelia!"be written by [sb] v expr (have as author)由…写的；作者为The story "The Pit and the Pendulum" was written by Edgar Allan Poe.《陷坑与钟摆》的故事是由埃德加·爱伦·坡所著。bean [sb] vtr US, slang (hit in the head)打中...的头部；击中...的脑袋During the baseball game, Derek's hit beaned Jeremy right in the head.在棒球比赛中，德里克击中了杰里米的头部。bear [sb] [sth] vtr (give [sb] with an heir)给…生（孩子）The Queen bore her husband three daughters.女王给丈夫生了三个女儿。bear [sth/sb] vtr (carry [sth], [sb])运送；携带；负荷The donkey had to bear the load to the camp.bear a grudge against [sb] v expr (be resentful)对…怀恨在心Fred bore a grudge against his brothers.bear a grudge against [sb] for [sth] v expr (be resentful)因某事对某人怀恨在心Julie bears a grudge against her neighbour for cutting down a hedge that was actually on Julie's property.bear a resemblance to [sb] v expr (look like)相似；看起来很像备注: Often used with an adjective, such as "striking", "strong", "uncanny", etc.He bears a striking resemblance to his sister.bear false witness against [sb] v expr (Bible: lie about [sb]) (圣经)作假见证陷害（某人），说谎陷害（某人）You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.bear no resemblance to [sth/sb] v expr (be totally unlike)与…完全不像The boy bears no resemblance to his father or his other brother.bear the name of [sb] vtr (be named after)名叫；具有…的名称Many butterfly species bear the name of their discoverers.bear witness against [sb] vtr + n (testify)为...作证；做...的目击证人A wife cannot be forced to bear witness against her husband.beard [sb] vtr (oppose)公开反对；公然反抗beat [sb] vtr (hit [sb] repeatedly)反复击打；连续打The judge sentenced Willis to five years in jail for beating his victim with a baseball bat.威利因用棒球棍连续殴打受害者，被法官判处五年监禁。beat [sb] vtr (defeat)击败；战胜The championship team are confident they can beat the challengers.冠军队很有信心击败了挑战者。beat [sb] vtr informal (arrive before)比…提前到达I bet we will beat you! We drive much faster.beat [sb] to [sth] vtr (arrive before)领先…到达；比…先到达Thompson beat the other runners to the finish line.汤普森比其他赛跑选手先到达终点。beat a path to [sb]'s door v expr figurative (be keen to meet with [sb])争先恐后地登门拜访If you have a good idea, investors will beat a path to your door.beat [sb]'s brains out v expr (physically beat [sb] severely)打到屁滚尿流；狠狠地揍一顿beat [sb/sth] hollow, also US: beat [sb/sth] all hollow v expr (defeat)彻底打败；大获全胜beat [sb/sth] off, beat off [sb/sth] vtr + adv (repel, fight back)击退；赶走The pensioner fought back and succeeded in beating off his attackers.beat the crap out of [sb/sth] v expr slang, figurative, vulgar (beat physically) (俚语)锤爆；打扁He threatened to beat the crap out of me if I didn't pay him by the end of the week.beat the s*** out of [sb/sth] v expr slang, figurative, vulgar (beat physically) (比喻义、俗语)把…打得屁滚尿流，把…打出屎来We got into a fistfight and he beat the s*** out of me.beat [sb] to a pulp v expr figurative (give [sb] a severe physical beating)把...打得半死；将...痛打一顿beat [sb/sth] to death v expr (cause death by hitting repeatedly)殴打致死；打死The thieves beat the man to death in order to steal his wallet.beat [sb] to it v expr informal (do [sth] before [sb] else)抢在...前面；抢先...一步I was about to give the answer but she beat me to it.beat [sb] to the draw v expr figurative (be faster than [sb])比...更快；抢在...前面beatify [sb] vtr (award pre-sainthood status to) (宗教)为…行宣福礼，为…举行列福仪式beautify [sth/sb] vtr (adorn, make beautiful)美化；使…变美The council wants to beautify the town's ugliest spots by planting flowers.市政会想通过栽种花卉来美化城镇最不堪入目的地点。beckon to [sb] vi + prep (call, gesture to come)招呼；招手示意Matilda tried to beckon to her husband, who was standing on the other side of the room.玛蒂尔达试着招呼在房间另一边的丈夫。beckon [sb] vtr (call, summon)召唤；召来Seb beckoned me with a tilt of his head.塞布头一歪，召唤我过去。beckon [sb] to do [sth] v expr (call, summon to do)示意；召唤The king beckoned his servant to bring him a drink.国王召唤他的仆人去为他拿喝的。beckon [sb] vtr figurative (interest, appeal to) (比喻)召唤；吸引The bright lights of New York City are beckoning me!纽约市的闪亮灯光在召唤着我。become [sth/sb] vi (grow to be [sth], [sb])变成；成为；变得That client is becoming quite a problem.那位客户变得让人很难伺候。become [sb] vtr (be appropriate, suitable)符合…的身份地位，与…相称It doesn't become someone in your position to behave in that way.这样的举动不符合你这种身份的人。；become [sb] vtr formal (suit, look good on [sb]) (服装)衬得…更美，衬Your new suit becomes you very well.你的新西服很衬你。become acquainted with [sb] v expr (get to know [sb])与…熟识；熟悉I first became acquainted with Arthur about five years ago.become attached to [sb/sth] v expr figurative (grow fond of)依恋；恋慕At first I didn't like him, but I've since become really attached to that dog.become aware of [sth/sb] v expr (notice)开始认识到；开始意识到Sheila became aware of someone following her.become friends with [sb] v expr (develop an amicable relationship with [sb])和…成为朋友；和…成了朋友bed [sb] vtr (provide with a bed)给…提供床位；为…提供宿处The room could bed five people.bed [sb] vtr (put to bed)让…睡觉；使…上床睡觉The nurse had to bath and bed the children by seven o'clock.bed [sb] vtr informal (have sex with) (非正式用语)与…同床，与…发生性关系He had bedded countless women.bedazzle [sb] vtr (amaze, enchant)使迷醉；使沉醉bedevil [sb/sth] vtr literary (plague, trouble)使…折磨；使…苦恼；使…困扰Financial problems have bedevilled the project since it was first announced.自这个项目第一次公布以来，一直受到财政问题的困扰。bedevil [sb] vtr literary, often passive (possess, bewitch)缠住；迷住bedraggle [sth/sb] vtr (make soggy and dirty)使...又脏又湿；把...弄得稀脏befall [sb] vtr formal (happen to)发生在Whatever bad luck befalls him, Matt always stays cheerful.无论碰到什么不幸的事，马特总是保持开朗的心态。befit [sth/sb] vtr formal (be appropriate to) (正式用语)适合于，合适，适宜The princess does a lot of work for charity, as befits a member of the royal family.befriend [sb] vtr (become friends with)和…交朋友I've been trying to befriend the new guy in our choir.我一直尝试与我们合唱队的那位新成员交朋友。befuddle [sb] vtr (confuse, bewilder)使…困惑；使…迷惑Technology befuddles me; I prefer to do things the old-fashioned way.技术使我感到困惑，我还是喜欢用老方法来做事。beg [sb] vtr formal, dated (implore, plead with [sb])求；恳求；乞求Please don't leave me, I beg you!请不要离开我，我求你了！beg [sb] to do [sth] v expr (plead with [sb] to do [sth])恳求某人做某事She begged her parents to buy her the toy.她求父母给她买那个玩具。beg [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (implore [sb] for [sth])乞求；恳求；哀求He keeps begging his mother for a new phone, but she says she can't afford it.他乞求母亲给他买台新手机，但是他母亲说她买不起。beg [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (request food, money)向某人乞讨某物The poor boy begged food and money from strangers on the street.这名贫困的男孩在街上向陌生人讨要食物和钱。beg of [sb] vi + prep formal (implore [sb])恳求；请求I must beg of you to grant me one favour.我不得不求你帮我个忙。beg forgiveness of [sb] vtr + n (plead for pardon)乞求...的宽恕beget [sb] vtr archaic (father: a child)为…之父Joseph begot seven sons and seven daughters.约瑟夫是七个儿子和七个女儿的父亲。beggar [sb] vtr (impoverish)使...沦为乞丐；使...倾家荡产The father's gambling addiction beggared his family.父亲赌博成瘾，使他全家都沦为乞丐。begrudge [sb] [sth] vtr (resent, envy)嫉妒；嫉恨I don't begrudge Lisa her success; she has worked hard for it.我并不嫉妒丽萨的成功，她一直为之努力工作。beguile [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (deceive)欺骗；哄骗；蒙骗In Greek mythology, the gods beguiled Heracles into killing his own family.在希腊神话中，众神欺骗赫拉克勒斯杀死他自己的家人。beguile [sb] vtr (charm)使着迷；使陶醉其中The poet's verses beguiled the class as the professor read the poem aloud.当教授大声朗读诗歌时，整个班级的学生都陶醉在这位诗人的诗句中。on behalf of [sb/sth], on [sb/sth]'s behalf, also US: in behalf of [sb/sth], in [sb/sth]'s behalf prep (in place of [sb])代表；站在…的立场备注: "On behalf of, on sb/sth's behalf" is currently much more common than "in behalf of, in sb/sth's behalf."I'm phoning on behalf of my daughter, who has lost her voice.The millionaire sent somebody to bid on the painting on his behalf.behead [sb] vtr often passive (decapitate)斩…的头；将…杀头Henry VIII of England was fond of beheading those who stood in his way.英国国王亨利八世很喜欢将挡他道路的人斩首。behind [sb]'s back expr figurative, informal (without [sb]'s knowledge)在…背后；背着…She often told lies about him behind his back.be beholden to [sb] v expr (be morally obligated to)欠…的人情I won't accept the gift because I don't want to be beholden to her.behoove [sb] (US), behove [sb] (US) vtr (be right or necessary)有必要做…；做…是必要的，做...是应该的behoove [sb] to do [sth] (US), behove [sb] to do [sth] (UK) v expr (be right or necessary)对…有必要做；理应做…It behooves me to acknowledge the debt I owe to my precedessor in this role.belabor [sb] (US), belabour [sb] (UK) vtr (attack [sb])攻击；痛打；辱骂belay [sth/sb] vtr (secure with a rope)用绳子栓牢；把…系住beleaguer [sb] vtr (harass, trouble)骚扰；困扰；烦扰beleaguer [sb/sth] vtr (surround with military)围困；困扰believe [sb] vtr (trust)相信；信任；信得过He said he saw it and I believe him.他说他是亲眼所见，我相信他。belittle [sb] vtr (disparage: a person) (贬低人)蔑视，轻视，贬低My dad had a nasty habit of belittling us when we were kids.我爸爸有个很不好的习惯，当我们还是小孩的时候总是贬低我们。belt [sth/sb] vtr (attach with a belt)把...用带子系上；拴住；用带子将...捆住备注: followed by a preposition: in, into, to, on, ontoClint belted the crates securely into the truck.克林特用带子将板条箱牢牢地捆在卡车里。belt [sb] vtr (hit, whip with a belt)用皮带抽；用皮带打The boys' father was a strict man who belted them if they misbehaved.男孩们的父亲是个严苛之人，如果他们言行不端就会用皮带抽他们。belt [sb/sth] vtr figurative, informal (hit hard)狠抽，猛揍，暴打；猛击，猛撞"How dare you!" cried Isabel, and belted Alan across the face.“你怎么敢这样！”伊莎贝尔哭喊到，然后狠抽了艾伦一记耳光。bemuse [sb] vtr (bewilder, confuse)使困惑；使迷惑；使茫然The spelling of certain English words bemuses me.一些英语单词的拼写使我很茫然。bench [sb] vtr often passive (sports: ban from playing)不让...出场；让...成为板凳球员James was benched all season for his poor conduct.因为表现糟糕，詹姆士整个赛季都在坐冷板凳。bend [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep figurative (cause to submit, manipulate)使…屈从于…The king vowed to bend the rebel army to his will.国王发誓要使反叛军屈从于他的意志。bend over [sth/sb] vi + prep (lean over)趴在…上；伏在…上Sam bent over the fence to try to reach the ball which had landed in his neighbour's garden.萨姆趴在篱笆，尝试去够落在邻居院子里的那个球。bend over backward for [sb] (US), bend over backwards for [sb] (UK) v expr figurative (make every effort)为...竭尽全力Nicole bent over backwards for her brother when he needed help.benefit [sb/sth] vtr (be of use)对…有用；使…受益；帮助The work of the volunteers benefits the community.志愿者的工作让社区受益良多。benefit [sb/sth] vtr (do good to)对…有好处；使…受益；有益于More exercise will benefit your body.benumb [sth/sb] vtr (make numb)使麻木，使失去知觉；使反应迟钝bequeath [sb] [sth] vtr (property: leave to [sb] in will)遗赠给My great-aunt bequeathed me her antique wooden cabinet.bequeath [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (property: leave to [sb] in will)把...遗赠给The old lady surprised everyone by bequeathing all her worldly goods to her cat.bequeath [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep figurative (hand down) (后代)将…传给My mother bequeathed her jewelry to me and my sisters.我母亲将她的首饰传给我和我姐妹。berate [sb] vtr (rebuke, scold)斥责；叱责；严责Pete's parents constantly berate him for not doing more to find a job.皮特父母总是责备他不尽力找工作。bereave [sb] of [sth/sb] v expr (deprive [sb] of)剥夺；使...失去The First World War bereaved the couple of both their sons.berth [sb] vtr (give place to sleep on ship, etc.)为…提供铺位The young travelers were berthed in the last passenger car.beseech [sb] vtr literary (plead, beg)恳求；哀求Have mercy on me, I beseech you!对我宽容些，我求你了！beseech [sb] to do [sth] v expr literary (beg with [sb] to do) (文学)向...祈求The thief beseeched the king to spare him execution.beseem [sb] vtr formal (befit, be appropriate to) (正式用语)适合, 合适于be beset by [sth/sb] v expr (under attack: from enemy)被围攻的，被敌人包围的The campers were beset by a family of bears.露营者被一群熊包围了。besiege [sth/sb] vtr (surround)包围，围住；围攻，围困Enemy troops besieged the castle.敌人的军队包围了城堡。besiege [sb] vtr figurative, often passive (harass)包围；围困Reporters besieged him as he left the courtroom.besiege [sb] vtr figurative, usually passive (trouble)侵袭, 困扰Doubts besieged her.besmear [sb/sth] vtr figurative, literary (defame, speak ill of)诋毁，败坏，诽谤besmear [sb/sth] vtr literary (soil, make dirty)弄脏，污染，玷污。besmirch [sth/sb] vtr figurative (tarnish, smear)诽谤，中伤，玷污…的名誉The scandal has besmirched the reputation of this previously highly respected man.该丑闻让这位之前深受尊敬的人名誉受损。besot [sb] vtr figurative (infatuate) (比喻)使糊涂, 使痴迷besotted by [sb], besotted with [sb] adj + prep (infatuated)对…爱得发狂Gary is besotted by Evie and would do anything for her.bespatter [sb] vtr (splash, splatter)溅污；弄脏best [sb/sth] vtr often passive (do better than, beat)胜过；超过After practicing every day, Marc bested his sister at their last tennis match.通过每天的练习，马克在上一场网球比赛中战胜了他的姐妹。bestir [sb] vtr literary (rouse) (书面语)使振作起来, 激励, 使奋发bestow [sth] on [sb], bestow [sth] upon [sb] vtr + prep formal (present, give [sb]: an award, gift)给...颁发...，将…颁发给…；将...赠送给...；授予某人...The head of the Board of Education bestowed the Outstanding Teacher of the Year award on Mrs. Hall.The king bestowed knighthoods on his most loyal subjects.教育委员会主席给霍尔夫人颁发了年度杰出教师奖。//国王给最忠诚的臣民授予了爵位。bet [sb] [sth] vtr (wager with [sb])与某人打某物的赌；与某人以某物打赌I'll bet you one hundred dollars.我跟你赌100美元。bet [sb], bet [sb] that vtr informal, figurative (with clause: expect)跟...打赌I bet you the math test will be easy.我跟你打赌，数学测试会很简单。betide [sth/sb] vtr archaic (happen to) (古语)发生在…身上，将临到…头上betray [sb/sth] vtr (be disloyal)背叛 ， 出卖；失信于 ， 辜负Charles I of England was executed for betraying his country.英格兰查尔斯一世因为背叛自己的国家而被处决了。betray [sb/sth] vtr (expose treacherously)出卖；背叛Chad was betrayed by his best friend, and was subsequently arrested.查德被他最好的朋友出卖，之后被捕了。betroth [sb] to [sb] vtr + prep dated (promise in marriage)将…许配给…；把…许配给…The King betrothed his daughter to the crown prince of a neighbouring country.betrothed to [sb] adj + prep formal, literary (engaged to)与某人订婚Mary was betrothed to Robert but still loved Thomas.better for [sb] adj (healthier) (健康)对…更有益Apples are better for you than cheeseburgers.beware of [sth/sb] vtr + prep (be careful, mistrustful)谨防；注意提防Beware of fraudulent emails requesting access to your bank details.注意提防那些请求获取你银行账户信息的诈骗邮件。beware [sth/sb] vtr (be careful, watch out)谨防；当心Beware the broken glass on the sidewalk.当心人行道上的碎玻璃。bewilder [sb] vtr (confuse)使困惑；使迷茫；使糊涂The couple's behavior bewildered even their marriage counselor.这对夫妻的行为甚至让他们的婚姻顾问都感到不解。bewitch [sb] vtr figurative (charm, captivate)使着迷，使迷惑The singer bewitched the audience with her new song.这位歌手的新歌令听众着迷。bewitch [sb/sth] vtr (cast spell on)施魔法于；下魔咒于In the past, people believed it was possible to bewitch somebody with a magic spell.过去，人们相信对某人施以魔法是可能的。bias for [sth/sb] n (inclination: in favour)偏心, 偏袒, 偏向His bias for attractive employees was obvious.他明显偏袒漂亮雇员。bias in favor of [sth/sb] (US), bias in favour of [sth/sb] (UK) n (inclination: in favor)偏袒The electoral system suffers from bias in favour of one particular party.选举存在偏见，偏向了其中一党。bias against [sth/sb] n (prejudice: against)对…的偏见；对…的成见；对…的歧视The manager was fired because of his bias against women.因为对女性的偏见，那个经理被开除了。bias [sb] in favor of [sb/sth] (US), bias [sb] in favour of [sb/sth] (UK) v expr (prejudice, influence in favor)某人因偏见而认同；某人因偏见而支持Steph's upbringing has biased her in favour of left-wing causes.由于成长过程中接受的教育，史蒂夫更加偏好左翼理念。bias [sb] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep (prejudice, influence [sb] against)使…对…产生偏见The media may have biased people against voting for Taylor.媒体可能让人们产生了偏见，导致人们未将选票投给泰勒。bid [sb] (to) do [sth] vtr formal, dated (direct, command)要求；命令When your mother bids you tidy your room, do so.bid [sb] [sth] vtr (speak as greeting)对…说问候的话；向…致意The arriving guest bid his host a good evening.bid [sb] vtr (summon)要求；召唤The magistrate bid the defendant to approach the bench.；bid [sb] farewell, bid farewell to [sb] v expr (say goodbye)告别；辞别Edward's friends bade him farewell as he set out on his journey.bid [sb/sth] good riddance, bid good riddance to [sb/sth] v expr (get rid of [sb], [sth] undesirable)摆脱...是对的；让...走太好了biff [sb] vtr informal (punch, hit) (非正式用语)打, 猛击bigger than [sb/sth] adj + conj (larger)比…大；比…高大When he gets older, he will be bigger than his father.bigger than [sb/sth] adj + conj figurative (more important)比…更重要；比…影响更大The Beatles were even bigger than Elvis.bilk [sb] vtr (swindle)欺骗；骗取bilk [sb] out of [sth] v expr (swindle out of)诈骗某人某物bill [sb] vtr (charge)开账单；要求支付They will bill you later.他们稍后会要求你支付。bill [sb] [sth] vtr (charge)给某人开某物的账单；要求某人为某物付账I can't believe the hospital billed me ten thousand dollars.我不敢相信医院给我开了10000美元的账单。bill [sb] [sth] for [sth] vtr + prep (charge)要求某人为某事付...（钱）；向某人收取...（钱）的...费用The lawyer billed him three hundred dollars for the service.那名律师向他收取300美元的服务费。billet [sb] vtr (provide lodging for a soldier)给士兵们安排住处The army ordered the townspeople to billet the soldiers.军队命令城镇居民为士兵安排住处。bind [sb] vtr (tie up)捆；绑The outlaw bound and gagged the woman.歹徒将女子捆绑并堵住她的嘴。bind [sb] vtr (force legally)使…受（法律等的）约束The contract binds the signer to the above stipulations.合同规定签署人必须遵守上述条款。bind [sb] vtr (constrain by loyalty or obligation) (受忠诚、使命感等影响)让某人不得不做某事His close-knit network of friends and colleagues bind Tom to the university.在亲密朋友和同事圈的影响下，汤姆不得不去上了大学。bind [sb/sth] vtr (govern) (合同等)对…构成约束The contract binds Isabel's activities under the agency for a period of 5 years.按照合同的约束，伊莎贝尔必须为该机构效力5年。bind [sb] vtr archaic, often passive (bind out: employ as an apprentice)通过契约收...做学徒William was bound to a blacksmith at the age of 11.威廉姆11岁时成为铁匠学徒。bind [sb/sth] together, bind together [sb/sth] vtr + adv (cause to feel connected)将…连为一体birch [sb] vtr often passive (flog, beat with a rod)用桦条抽打；用桦条鞭打During his time at boarding school in the 1940s, he was frequently birched by the headmaster.在四十年代他住寄宿学校的时候，经常遭到校长用桦条的鞭打。bird-dog [sb/sth] vtr US, informal (investigate)调查bird-dog [sb/sth] vtr US, informal (seek out)寻找, 找出birth [sb] vtr (baby: give birth to)生（孩子）My grandmother birthed all ten of her babies without medical intervention.我祖母在没有医疗干预的情况下，生了十个孩子。bishop [sb] vtr (appoint as bishop)任命…为主教Until recently, female clergy could not be bishoped.bitch about [sb] vi + prep vulgar, slang (make nasty remarks about [sb])说…的坏话Petra's classmates bitched about her behind her back.佩特拉的同学在背地里说她的坏话。bitch slap [sb] vtr slang, vulgar (smack across cheek)扇…一巴掌bite [sth/sb] vtr (clamp teeth onto)咬住；咬紧The snapping turtle bit the dog's tail and wouldn't let go.那只啮龟咬住了狗狗的尾巴，毫不松口。bite [sb]'s head off, bite the head off [sb] v expr figurative, informal (respond angrily, impatiently)对..发火；生...的气in [sb]'s black book, in [sb]'s black books expr (in [sb]'s disfavor)上了某人的黑名单；遭人唾弃blackball [sb] vtr figurative (vote to exclude) (比喻)投票反对, 给…投反对票blackguard [sb] vtr (revile or ridicule someone)辱骂；嘲弄blackjack [sb] vtr US (beat with a blackjack)用金属短棒打blackjack [sb] vtr US, informal, figurative (coerce)胁迫blackjack [sb] into doing [sth] vtr US, informal, figurative (coerce)胁迫...做...blacklist [sb/sth] vtr (ban or bar)把…列入黑名单blackmail [sb] vtr (threaten for money)敲诈；勒索When it was discovered that Stuart blackmailed Eric, the office environment turned hostile.斯图尔特勒索埃里克的事情一曝光，办公室里的气氛变得充满敌意。blackmail [sb] vtr (influence by threatening)要挟；威胁；逼迫The politician blackmailed his opponent into dropping out of the race.那个政客要挟他的对手退出竞选。blag [sb] into doing [sth] v expr UK, slang (persuade [sb] to do)哄骗...做...blame [sb/sth] (for [sth]) vtr (hold responsible)责备；责怪Don't blame me! It wasn't my fault!别怪我！这不是我的错！blame [sth] on [sb/sth] vtr (attribute: [sth] bad)将…怪罪于；把…怪到…身上He blamed his lack of concentration on having slept badly that night.他把自己注意力不集中怪罪于前一晚没睡好。blandish [sb] vtr (persuade by flattery)用甜言蜜语哄骗；用奉承话来劝诱blank [sb] vtr informal (ignore, snub)无视；冷落I bumped into my ex at the club, but she blanked me.blanket [sth/sb] vtr figurative (cover thoroughly)布满，覆盖A layer of frost blanketed the plants.一层霜覆盖在植物上。blanket [sth/sb] vtr technical (nautical: take wind from other's sails) (航海)抢...的上风blast [sth/sb] vtr (shoot [sth], [sb])轰击；开枪击打James blasted the target four times in a row. The victim was blasted by a masked gunman.詹姆士连续四次击中目标。受害人被一名蒙面枪手击中。blast [sth/sb] vtr figurative (criticize harshly)猛烈抨击；严厉批判The professor blasted the poorly-written essay.那篇成文十分糟糕的论文遭到了教授的猛烈抨击。blather about [sth/sb] vi + prep (talk pointlessly about)喋喋不休的说My dad likes to blather about football to anyone who will listen.blaze past [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (pass rapidly)飞驰而过blaze past [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (sportsperson, team: defeat)战胜, 赢They blazed past the opposing team to win their first victory of the season.bleed [sb] vtr historical (doctor: draw blood)给…放血Physicians used to believe that bleeding a patient could cure an infection.在过去，医生认为给病人放血可以治疗感染。bleed [sb] dry, bleed [sb] white vtr + adj figurative (spend all [sb]'s money)榨干…的钱Between them, my six kids have bled me dry!bleep [sth/sb] vtr informal (words: replace)掩盖；替换When the man mentioned his victim's name in a TV interview, they bleeped him.bless [sb] vtr (person: give a blessing to)祝福；祝愿The priest blessed the congregation.牧师祝福教堂会众。bless [sb/sth] vtr (ask God to protect [sb/sth]) (祈求上帝)庇佑，保佑Please bless this house.请保佑这座房子。bless [sb/sth] vtr often passive (give health or happiness to [sb/sth])使…幸福；赐福于Joan has five children and ten beautiful grandchildren; life has blessed her.琼拥有五个子女和十个漂亮的孙子女。生活赋予了她幸福。bless [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep often passive (endow, gift: with [sth])赋予；赐予Nature has blessed her with good looks and intelligence.大自然赐予了她美貌和智慧。bless [sth/sb] vtr (worship: God) (对上帝)赞美，称颂"Bless the name of Jesus", sang the choir.唱诗班唱道：“称颂耶稣之名”。be blessed with [sb/sth] v expr (be lucky to have)庆幸有；幸而有Jane and Simon are blessed with three wonderful children. I am blessed with a good memory.简和西蒙很庆幸，自己有三个很棒的孩子。 我庆幸有很好的记性。blether, blether about [sth/sb] vi + prep UK, regional (talk pointlessly about)絮叨，讲关于...的废话blind [sb] vtr (make sightless)使看不见；使失明The sunlight blinded him when he walked out the door.他走到门外，阳光刺得他什么也看不见。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 他因为生病，右眼瞎了。blind [sb] vtr figurative (dazzle)使…目眩神迷，令…眼花缭乱The crowd was blinded by the brilliance of the display.展览五光十色，令观众眼花缭乱。blindfold [sb] vtr (cover eyes of)蒙住…的眼睛Armed men blindfolded her and put her in the back of a car.手持武器的人将她蒙上眼睛，扔进后车座。blindside [sb] vtr (sports: tackle sideways on) (橄榄球术语)出其不意攻击其防守盲区，偷袭其无防备的一侧The quarterback was seriously injured when another player blindsided him.另一位球员出其不意的盲侧偷袭，令四分卫受了重伤。blindside [sb] vtr figurative, informal (attack unexpectedly)出其不意地攻击，偷袭The attacker blindsided his victim, knocking him unconscious.袭击者出其不意地攻击受害者，将他敲晕。blink at [sth/sb] vi + prep (be amazed)对…感到惊愕；对……感到吃惊Rose blinked at the huge pile of Christmas presents.blinker [sb] vtr figurative (make narrow-minded)阻碍；让...无法看到备注: 表示让人一叶障目，思想不够开阔Clara's privileged upbringing has blinkered her to the difficulties faced by others.克拉拉的特权出身让她无法看到其他人所面临的困难。blinker [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep figurative (make narrow-minded about)蒙蔽Ben's privileged upbringing has blinkered him to the poverty that many people face.blister [sb] vtr US, slang (reprimand, criticize)严厉斥责；训斥批评Caroline blistered her daughter for her inappropriate behavior.卡罗琳严厉斥责了女儿的不当行为。blister [sb/sth] vtr US, slang (defeat, outshine)痛打；击败Our team blistered the opposing team, wining by 20 points.block [sb/sth] vtr (obstruct)阻挡；阻拦He tried to reach his home but police officers blocked his path.他想要回家，但是警察拦住他的路。block [sb/sth] vtr (internet: prevent from accessing) (网站)封锁；访问拦截This security software blocks any website with adult content.这款安全软件会对所有含有成人内容的网站进行访问拦截。block [sb/sth] vtr (prevent from contacting)阻止；拦截You should block trolls on social media sites.Zoe kept getting sales calls from the same company, so she blocked their number.你应该拉黑那些在社交媒体上骚扰你的人。同一家公司不停给佐伊打销售电话，因此被她拉黑了。block [sth/sb] vtr (sports: hinder) (运动)拦截The basketball player blocked the shot.篮球运动员拦截了那记投篮。block [sb/sth] out vtr + adv figurative (refuse to listen, think)抹去；忘记Some people abuse drugs or alcohol to block out bad memories.有些人通用滥用药物或酒精来抹去痛苦的记忆。blood [sb] vtr (initiate into hunting)用猎物的血涂（新猎手的）脸The master of the hunt blooded the novice in a special ceremony.在一个特别的仪式上，狩猎大师将猎物的血涂在新人的脸上。blow [sb] a kiss v expr (kiss hand and blow)给…飞吻blow a kiss at [sb] v expr (kiss hand and blow)给…飞吻blow by [sb/sth] vi + prep (be swept past) 没有提供翻译 blow the whistle on [sb] v expr figurative (inform on [sb])告发，举报The employee decided to blow the whistle on his employer for the illegal transactions.blow [sb]'s cover v expr (reveal [sb]'s true identity)揭露...的身份；揭穿...的底细blow [sb]'s mind v expr slang (astound [sb])让…震惊When I heard about the revolutionary new cancer treatment, it blew my mind. Wait until you see the final scene of the movie--it's going to blow your mind!blow [sb]'s mind v expr slang (drugs: disorient, overwhelm [sb]) (药物)让…无法思考；令...痴狂bludge [sth] off [sb] vtr + prep informal, AU (beg, scrounge)向…讨要Gary is always bludging cigarettes off me.bludge on [sb] vi + prep informal, AU (live at [sb] else's expense)榨取；依附并榨取When are you going to get a job and stop bludging on your parents?bludgeon [sb/sth] vtr (beat with a weapon)用大头棒殴打；用武器击打The victim was bludgeoned with a heavy object.受害者遭到重物击打。bluff [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (deceive, fool)骗某人做某事；虚张声势糊弄某人做某事Steve bluffed Joe into doing the laundry all week.史蒂夫骗乔洗了整整一个星期的衣服。board, board with [sb] vi (lodge) (在别人家里)在…寄宿，在…寄膳Jason boarded with a family while at university.杰森上大学时在一家人家里寄宿。boast about [sth/sb] vi + prep (speak proudly)炫耀；夸耀I'm so bored of Tom boasting about his new car.Jillian is boasting about her children again.我对汤姆老是吹嘘他的新车感到厌烦。// 基莉安又开始炫耀她的孩子了。body check [sb] vtr (sports: blocking [sb])身体阻挡；阻挡body-shame [sb] vtr (criticize physical appearance)身体羞辱；相貌攻击bog [sb] down in [sth] v expr figurative, usually passive, informal (person: mire in [sth])让...陷入；让...困在；让...淹溺在My boss is bogging me down in work!bolster [sb] vtr figurative (support)支持；拥护The church bolstered Ben when he ran for mayor.本竞选市长的时候，教会支持了他。bomb [sth/sb] vtr (drop explosives)轰炸；向...投炸弹The city was bombed repeatedly during the war.战争期间，那个城市遭受了反复的轰炸。bombard [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (attack with)用…攻击The kids bombarded the teacher with water balloons.bombard [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative (assail, overwhelm)攻击，猛击，猛烈抨击The journalists bombarded the police spokesman with questions.记者们向警方发言人不断地抛出问题。bond with [sb] vi figurative (get emotionally closer)与…亲近It didn't take long for Janet to bond with her foster parents.没过多久，珍妮特就和养父母亲近了起来。bone [sb] vtr vulgar, slang (have sex with)操逼, 屌Patrick bragged that he had boned twenty girls, but no one believed him.帕特里克吹嘘说他与二十个女生发生过关系，但是没人相信他。bonk [sb] vtr (hit, knock)碰撞；磕碰I accidentally bonked her with my umbrella.Hey! You just bonked me on the head with that box!我的伞不小心碰到了她。//嘿！你刚用那箱子撞到了我的头！bonk [sb] vtr UK, slang (have sex with) (英国)与…性交His mates are all desperate to know whether he's bonking her.boo [sb] vtr (jeer at) (人)给...喝倒彩，发嘘声嘲笑The audience booed the comedian until he left the stage.boo [sb] off the stage v expr (performer: jeer from stage) (表演者)喝倒彩把…赶下舞台book [sb] vtr informal (police: charge [sb] officially) (警察)指控The police booked the suspects for murder.警察以谋杀罪指控这些嫌疑犯。book [sb/sth] vtr (hire, engage)预雇；预约The parents are going to book a clown for the party.家长们打算预雇一位小丑来聚会上表演。boomerang on [sb] vi US, figurative (backfire on)自食其果, 反受其害Jessica made one silly mistake and her plan boomeranged on her.boondoggle [sb] vtr (deceive)欺骗boop [sb/sth] vtr informal (tap playfully on the nose)轻戳鼻子boop [sb/sth] vtr informal (dog, cat: bump on the nose)碰鼻子boost [sth/sb] vtr (push up)把…往上推Rick boosted Amy out of the water.里克把艾米推出水面。boost [sb] vtr (encourage, support)鼓舞某人，激励某人The community's support boosted the politician.社区的支持让这名政客深受鼓舞。boot [sb] vtr often passive (provide boots for)为...提供靴子，为…配备靴子The troops were booted and ready to march.军队已经配好靴子，准备行军。boot [sb] vtr figurative, slang (fire)解雇；开除The boss booted Max last Thursday.上周四，老板解雇了麦克斯。boot [sb] out of [sth] v expr figurative, often passive, slang (remove from: office)将...从...赶走The voters lost confidence in him and booted him out of office.bootstrap [sth/sb] vtr figurative, informal (cause to advance)引导备注: Commonly followed by into, out of, toThe new manager bootstrapped the ailing company into making a profit.bop [sb/sth] vtr (hit, strike)击打The boxer bopped his opponent on the nose.拳击手打中了他对手的鼻子。bore [sb] vtr (make bored)使…厌烦，使…觉得无聊I try to pay attention, but algebra class bores me.我努力专心，但代数课让我觉得很无聊。bore [sb] to tears, bore [sb] to death v expr figurative, informal (make very bored)对...厌烦透了；厌烦到极点be born to [sb] v expr formal, literary (come from a family) (正式书面语)生于；出生在The lady was born to a mother and father of modest means.borrow [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (use another's property)向...借...Kathy borrowed a skirt from her sister to wear to the party.凯茜向姐姐借了条裙子，穿去参加派对。borrow [sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep figurative (ideas: adopt from others) (想法、观念等)借用，采用；借鉴Most religions borrow ideas from older ones.大多数宗教都会从更古老的宗教中借用一些理念。borrow from [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (ideas: take adopt)借用；采用；借鉴His work borrows from many other artists.他的作品借鉴了许多其他艺术家。bother [sb] vtr (annoy)打扰；麻烦My little brother bothers me all the time.我小弟弟老是来打扰我。bother [sb] vtr (perturb)令…烦恼不安，让…觉得困扰，让…烦恼What's bothering me is why he would even ask such a thing?令我烦恼不安的是，为什么他居然会提出这样的要求？bottle-feed [sb/sth] vtr literal (give food with bottle)用奶瓶喂育…We found a kitten on the street without a mother and bottle-fed it until it was old enough for solid food.bottle-feed [sb] vtr figurative (coddle, overprotect)过分宠溺某人；过分保护某人Do I have to bottle-feed you everything? Get out of here and go do your job!bounce [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep US, figurative, slang (evict)将…从…驱逐出去；将…逐出…The football players were bounced from the club for starting a fight.由于打架斗殴，那些足球运动员被驱逐出了俱乐部。bounce [sth] off [sb] vtr + prep figurative, informal (idea: test)征求关于...的意见（看法）I'll bounce the idea off my boss and get back to you.我将去征求老板的意见，然后再回来找你。bounce [sb] on your knee v expr (baby, child: dandle) (放在膝上的孩子)摇逗；逗弄bound to [sth/sb] adj + prep figurative (legally obligated) (法律)受约束于，受…约束Judges are bound to the law.法官们受法律约束。bow to [sb] vi + prep (gesture respectfully) (人)向…鞠躬"Your majesty," said the man as he bowed to the Queen.“女王陛下，”那个人向女王鞠躬时说。bow [sb] vtr (force to submit)使…俯首；使…屈服The dictator bowed the people to his will.bow [sb] vtr usually passive (cause to stoop)使…弯腰He walks with a stoop, bowed by age.bow [sb] to your will v expr (force to obey)让...屈服；使...服从bowstring [sb/sth] vtr (strangle with cord) (如弓弦等)用…勒死box [sb] vtr (sport) (体育)与…进行拳击比赛Frazier boxed Ali for the heavyweight title.佛莱希与阿里进行拳击比赛，争夺重量级冠军称号。box [sth/sb] vtr (punch repeatedly)反复击打Tanner boxed the punching bag with all his strength.box [sb] out, box out [sb] vtr (basketball: block [sb]) (篮球)卡位boycott [sth/sb] vtr (refuse to do business with) (贸易)抵制Local parents boycotted the store because of the magazines.当地的父母因那本杂志联合抵制这家商店。brag about [sth/sb] vi + prep (talk boastfully)吹嘘；自夸He is always bragging about his wealth.他总是吹嘘自己多有钱。brain [sb] vtr slang (hit in the head)击中…的头部，打破…的脑袋My poor friend was brained by a golf ball as he watched the tournament.brainwash [sb] vtr often passive (indoctrinate)洗脑；灌输理念The children do not want anything to do with their mother; their father has brainwashed them.孩子们不想跟他们的母亲有任何瓜葛。他们的父亲给他们洗脑了。brainwash [sb] into doing [sth] vtr + prep (indoctrinate into doing)给…洗脑The cult brainwashed Brian into leaving his family.brand [sb] vtr (stigmatise)打上…的烙印；使…蒙上污名Some deaf children refuse to wear hearing aids because they are afraid of being branded.一些聋哑儿童拒绝佩戴助听器，因为他们怕蒙上污名。brand [sb] [sth], brand [sb] as [sth] vtr (stigmatise)将…指责为；将…抹黑为Because of his radical views, he was branded a revolutionary.由于他激进的观点，人们称他为革命者。break free from [sb] v expr (escape)摆脱The hostage broke free from his captors and ran to safety.人质从抓他的人手中逃脱并跑到安全位置。break the news to [sb] v expr (announce [sth] to [sb])向某人宣布消息；告诉某人消息The police officer broke the news to Natasha that her husband had died in a car crash.break [sb]'s fall v expr (lessen impact)减弱落势Fortunately, the pillow broke the boy's fall, and he wasn't injured.break [sb]'s heart v expr figurative (make [sb] sad)伤某人的心It breaks my heart to hear you are quitting.break [sb]'s heart v expr figurative (end relationship)和...分手That boy will only break your heart.breastfeed [sb], breast-feed vtr (give milk from the breast)哺乳；以母乳喂养The woman plans to breastfeed her baby rather than feed him formula.这位妇女打算用母乳喂养她的孩子，而不用配方奶。breath test [sb] vtr (law: test alcohol level) (测试酒精含量)对…进行呼气检测breathalyze [sb], also UK: breathalyse [sb] vtr (administer breath-alcohol test)做呼气测醉检测breathe down [sb]'s neck v expr (monitor closely)监视；密切监控breathe down [sb]'s neck v expr (be close behind [sb])逼近某人；对某人紧追不舍breed [sb] vtr (person: rear) (人)培养，养育Nelly's parents bred her to be a proper lady.奈莉的父母把她培养成了一名真正的淑女。brevet [sb] vtr (appoint or promote by brevet)名誉晋升bribe [sb] vtr (persuade [sb] with money, etc.)贿赂；收买The chief of police bribed the deputy sheriff not to talk about what really happened.为了堵住治安副官的嘴，让他不说实情，警察局长贿赂了他。brief [sb] vtr (give a summary talk)向…简要介绍情况，对...作简报The Chief Inspector briefed her officers prior to the raid.突袭前，总督察向手下警员简要介绍了情况。brief [sb] on [sth], brief [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep (apprise of)向某人通告某事的基本情况，给某人做某事的情况简要介绍The chief briefed his agents on the recent developments of the case.这名警长向他的代理人就案件近来的进展做了简要介绍。brigade [sth/sb] vtr (form into brigade)把…编成旅The commander brigaded the troops into a tight formation before beginning the march.bring [sb] vtr (take [sb] with you) (人)带来Bring a friend when you come to dinner.带个朋友一起来吃晚饭。bring [sb] to do [sth] v expr (persuade [sb])促使；说服；引导Her speech brought us to accept her point of view.bring [sth], bring [sth] against [sb] vtr (legal: put [sth] forward)起诉；提起…诉讼She brought a lawsuit against her employer.bring [sb/sth] vtr (attract [sb], [sth])把…引来；吸引…前来This new window display should bring a crowd.bring back memories of [sth/sb] v expr (make [sb] remember)使人想起；让人回忆起The photographs brought back memories of Alan's childhood.bring [sb] back to life v expr (resuscitate)使…苏醒，救活bring charges against [sb] v expr (accuse [sb] officially)起诉, 控告bring [sb] home v expr informal (introduce to parents) (带男/女朋友回家见自己的父母)见家长We're nervous because she's bringing her boyfriend home tonight.我们很紧张，因为她今晚会带她男朋友回家见家长。bring [sth] home to [sb] v expr (with object: make clear)使...清楚地认识到...My car accident really brought home to me the importance of wearing a seat belt.bring home to [sb] that v expr (with clause: make clear)使...清楚地认识到bring [sth/sb] into line with [sth], bring [sth/sb] in line with [sth] v expr (make [sth] correspond, conform)让...一致；让...协调bring [sb] luck, bring luck to [sb] v expr (cause good fortune for [sb])给...带来运气；让...获得好运bring [sth/sb] over vtr + adv (carry or take: to a given place)将…带过来I will bring the car over to your house if you drive me home afterwards.如果之后你开车送我回家，我就将车开到你家去。bring peace to [sth/sb] vtr + n (settle conflict)给...带来和平He is the latest in a long list of people that have tried to bring peace to the Middle East.bring [sb] to account, call [sb] to account v expr (force to explain or justify)追究责任；责问bring [sth] to [sb]'s attention, bring [sth] to the attention of [sb] v expr (make [sb] aware of)使...注意；引起注意An employee brought the matter to my attention.bring [sth/sb] to bay v expr (hunted animal, person: corner, trap)使...陷入困境；把...困住bring [sb] to book v expr (call to account)审查；惩罚bring [sth/sb] to fever pitch v expr informal (make frenzied)致使…狂热The crowd were brought to fever pitch when the band walked onto the stage.当乐队上台后，人群变得狂热。bring [sb/sth] to heel v expr figurative (subjugate)使...顺从；让...服从bring [sb] to justice v expr (take to court)绳之以法；移送法办Police officers must bring outlaws to justice.bring [sb] to justice v expr (punish)绳之以法；受到法律制裁bring [sth/sb] to life v expr figurative (make seem real)将...塑造得栩栩如生A good movie adaptation really brings the characters to life.bring [sth/sb] to life v expr often passive (give life)赋予...生命；让...活过来A fairy brought the puppet Pinocchio to life.bring [sb/sth] to mind v expr (recall)想起；回忆起The smell of bread baking brings to mind the years I spent in boarding school.bring [sb] to task v expr (criticize or reprimand [sb])批评某人；责备某人Breakers of the rule will be brought to task.bring [sb] to his/her/their knees v expr figurative (force into submission)让...屈服；使...屈从bring [sb/sth] together, bring together [sb/sth] vtr + adv (unite)使团结；使走到一起Sunday lunch at my parents' house brings the whole family together.星期天，我父母家的午餐将全家人都聚在了一起。bring [sb] up to date v expr (give [sb] the most recent information)告诉...最新消息；给...最新消息Alice brought me up to date with all her news.broadside [sth/sb] vtr (hit on the side, esp. vehicle) (尤指车辆)与…侧面相撞，撞上…的侧面brood over [sb] vi + prep figurative (children: protect)保护；庇护Shirley's mom broods over her family like a mother hen.browbeat [sb] vtr (bully, coerce)恐吓；威胁browbeat [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (coerce into doing)恐吓某人做某事brown-nose [sb] vtr vulgar, figurative, pejorative, slang (be obsequious)拍马屁，谄媚讨好You got that promotion because you brown-nosed the boss.你升职是因为你拍老板马屁。bruise [sth/sb] vtr (person, body: leave a bruise)弄伤；擦伤；伤到I bruised my knee when I walked into the fire hydrant.我不小心撞到了消防栓，伤到了自己的膝盖。brush with [sth/sb] n (brief encounter)掠过；遭遇；擦肩而过Lily drove much more cautiously after her brush with death.brush up against [sth/sb] v expr (touch)轻触；擦碰；触碰I brushed up against him just as he was leaving.brutalize [sb], also UK: brutalise [sb] vtr (make [sb] brutal)使…变残酷；使…变残忍brutalize [sb], also UK: brutalize [sb] vtr colloquial (treat [sb] violently, harshly)残酷对待；残忍地对待；对…残酷无情buck [sb] vtr (horse: toss rider off) (马)把...甩下去，把...摔下去That black horse bucks anyone who tries to mount it.bucket [sb/sth] vtr AU, slang (criticize harshly)严厉批评；严厉指责buffalo [sb] vtr US, slang (puzzle, confuse)迷惑The question buffaloed everyone in the room.buffalo [sb] vtr US, slang (intimidate, bully)威吓The board of directors was buffaloing Jenny at work.buffer [sb/sth] from [sth] vtr + prep figurative (cushion from impact of)缓冲；减震buffet [sth/sb] vtr (knock around)不停敲打；反复拍击Strong winds buffeted the little boat and it almost capsized.buffet [sth/sb] vtr figurative (assail)击打；猛攻bug [sb] vtr (wiretap, listen covertly to)窃听；用窃听器监听The police started bugging him eight months ago.警方八个月前就开始对他实施窃听。bug [sb] vtr slang (bother)激怒；烦人I'm trying to concentrate, so stop bugging me.我要专心做事，别烦我了。bugger [sb] vtr UK, vulgar, offensive, slang (sodomize)鸡奸build a fire under [sb] v expr figurative (prompt to take action or work faster)推动；促进；让...加速bull [sb] vtr (shove)推搡；大力挤bulldog [sb/sth] vtr mainly US, informal (attack roughly)凶猛地攻击...bulldoze [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep figurative (force to do, intimidate)强迫...做...My colleagues bulldozed me into doing the presentation.bulls*** [sb] vtr figurative, vulgar, slang (tell lies, nonsense)对...胡说八道；向...扯谎Don't bulls*** me! I know what really happened.别胡说八道！我知道咋回事。bully [sb] vtr (intimidate)欺负，欺凌；威吓，恫吓I hate when big children bully the small ones by pushing them around and making fun of them.我很讨厌大孩子欺负小孩子，把他们推来搡去并取笑他们。bully [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (force using threats)威胁某人做某事；威逼某人做某事Greg didn't want to shoplift, but his classmates bullied him into it.格雷格并不想去商店行窃，不过他的同学们逼他如此做。bully [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (force using threats)威胁某人做某事；威逼某人做某事A group of older girls bullied Lea into handing over her lunch money.一群年长些的女孩威胁莱亚交出她买午餐的钱。bully for [sb] interj dated, informal, ironic (good for you, him, etc.)太好了；好极了bum [sth] off [sb], bum [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep slang (obtain by asking, begging)从...那里求得...；从...那里讨到...Brad is always bumming cigarettes off his friends.布拉德总是从朋友那里讨香烟。bump [sth/sb] vtr (knock lightly) (轻微地)碰，撞Polly accidentally bumped her sister's shoulder.波莉不小心撞到了妹妹的肩膀。bundle [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (push quickly)匆忙地把…推至（某处）bunt [sb] vtr rare (butt, push with head or horns) (罕见用法，用头或角)撞, 顶, 抵buoy [sb] up, buoy up [sb] vtr + adv figurative (morally support [sb])鼓励buoy [sb/sth] up, buoy up [sb/sth] vtr + adv literal (cause to float)使…浮起burden [sb] vtr figurative (add pressure, worry) (精神、心理、感情上)加负担于，加压力于I never tell you my worries because I don't want to burden you.我从不告诉你我的担忧，因为我不想为你增加负担。burden [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative (impose [sth] troublesome)把某事加诸在某人肩上；用某事劳烦某人Don't burden your mother with your problems.别用你自己的问题去劳烦母亲。burden [sb] with debt v expr often passive (cause to owe money)使负债burglarize [sb] vtr US, often passive (rob: a person)闯入...家行窃I was burglarized after I forgot to set the house alarm.burke [sb] vtr (murder without leaving marks)暗杀某人burn [sb] vtr US, slang, figurative (make angry)让…生气The thought that John is dating his ex-girlfriend really burns him.burn [sb/sth] vtr US, slang (sports: beat, score against) (尤指快速得手)击败，在…上得分The Bulls really burned the Knicks in last night's basketball game!在昨晚的篮球比赛中，公牛队彻底击败了尼克斯队！burn [sb] alive vtr + adj (kill [sb] with fire)活活烧死burn [sb] at the stake vtr (execute on a pyre)对...采取火刑；对...执行火刑burp [sb] vtr (baby: wind, cause to belch) (婴儿)使...打嗝Make sure you burp the baby after you feed her.请确保喂食婴儿后，要让她打嗝。bury [sb/sth] vtr (person, animal: inter)埋葬；葬We buried my grandmother on a rainy day.我们在雨天下葬了我的祖母。bury [sb/sth] vtr (snow, debris: cover [sb], [sth])覆盖；遮盖Snow buried the road.雪覆盖了道路。bury [sb] alive vtr + adj often passive (cruel killing method)活埋；坑杀bus [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (convey by bus)用公交车将…运送到The kids were bussed to the park for the trip.孩子们乘公交车去公园郊游。bus [sb] vtr US (school: racial integration) (美国弥合种族歧视措施)用校车接送Children were bused to schools outside their own neighborhoods in an effort to desegregate.为废止种族隔离，孩子们被用校车送到社区外的学校。bushwhack [sb/sth] vtr (ambush, surprise attack)伏击, 埋伏buss [sb] vtr US, archaic (kiss, touch with the lips)接吻，亲吻bust [sb] vtr US, Can (assign to lower rank)使降级；降…的职bust [sth/sb] vtr (make [sb/sth] bankrupt)使破产；使倒闭The poor economy has busted a lot of new businesses.不景气的经济环境，让很多新兴企业都破产了。bust [sb] out, bust [sb] out of [sth] vtr + adv US, slang (help to escape)帮…逃出来；帮…逃出…His friends will bust him out of jail.bustle with [sth/sb] vi + prep (be busy with: people, activity)充满忙忙碌碌的；到处都是繁忙的On Saturdays, the town square bustles with activity.周六的镇中心广场总是人头攒动，非常热闹。butcher [sb] vtr figurative (person: kill) (对人)残害，杀害The newspaper reported that the man had butchered three people.该报报道称，这名男子杀害了三人。butt [sth/sb] vtr (ram)（用头或角）顶；撞The goat butted the door open with its horns.山羊用角把门顶开了。butt-dial [sb/sth] vtr mainly US, slang (phone by accident)意外拨打；误拨button [sth/sb] vtr usually passive (furnish with buttons)给...钉上扣子；给...缝上扣子The tailor buttoned the silk waistcoat.button [sb] vtr (fencing: hit opponent with foil) (击剑)击中，打中buttonhole [sb] vtr US, figurative, informal (accost, force to converse)强留…长谈I was about to leave the office when my boss buttonholed me.buttonhole [sb], buttonhole [sb] into [sth] vtr US, figurative, informal (accost, force to converse)强迫…谈论The next thing I knew, he'd buttonholed me into a discussion about taxes.buttonhole [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep US, figurative, informal (accost, force to converse about)强迫…谈论The reporter buttonholed the congressman about budget cuts.buttonhole [sb] into doing [sth] v expr US, figurative, informal (accost, force to do)强迫…做The interviewer buttonholed me into making comments I later regretted.buy [sb] vtr (bribe)收买；贿赂The gang wants to buy a public official.buzz [sb] vtr slang (telephone)打电话给I buzzed Fiona yesterday, but she never answered.我昨天给菲奥娜打过电话但是她没有接。buzz [sb] vtr informal (call [sb] using intercom)用对讲机呼叫；用内部通话系统呼叫Karen just buzzed me, so I'm going to meet her in the lobby.凯伦用对讲机呼叫我了，所以我要去大厅接她。buzz [sb] vtr (aircraft: fly close to warn)飞近以警告by the agency of [sb], through the agency of [sb] prep (because of [sb]'s actions)经...的介绍；通过...的方式bypass [sb/sth] vtr figurative (proceed without regard to [sth])绕过；避开；越过Henry decided to bypass his supervisor and go ahead with his plan.亨利决定绕过他的主管，继续他的计划。cabin [sb/sth] vtr figurative, often passive (confine [sb/sth] in small place)软禁；监禁During the lockdown, the whole family was cabined in their small apartment.在封锁期间，全家人都被困在他们的小公寓中。cable [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep dated (send by telegraph)拍电报把...通知给...；给…发电报通知...Brian cabled a message to his mother.布莱恩给母亲发了条电报。cable [sb] [sth] vtr dated (send a telegraph to)拍电报给...通知...；给…发电报通知...The agent cabled the government an urgent message.那名特工给政府发了一封紧急电报。cable [sth/sb] vtr (provide [sth/sb] with cable)给...配备电缆/钢索cadge [sth] from [sb], cadge [sth] off [sb] vtr informal (obtain by begging)向...讨要Grayson cadged a quarter from his neighbor to feed the parking meter.cage [sb] vtr figurative, often passive (person: put in prison)把...关进监狱；把…关入囚笼Hank was caged for fifteen years.cajole [sb] vtr (coax, persuade)劝诱；哄骗If you want permission to leave school early, you'll need to cajole the principal.如果想要得到提早离校的许可，你需要说服校长。cajole [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (coax, persuade)说服Ron cajoled his parents into allowing him to borrow their car.call [sb] vtr (telephone)打电话给；致电I'll call you tomorrow to see how you are.我明天会给你打电话看看你情况怎样。call [sb] vtr (shout for)叫；喊Jim, your mom's calling you.吉姆，你妈妈在叫你。call [sb] vtr (summon)召唤；传唤；请来Call the next candidate, please.请叫下一位候选人过来。call [sb] [sth] vtr often passive (name [sb] [sth]) (某人)称呼The baby's due in three weeks but we don't know what to call her.宝宝还有三周就出生了，但我们还不知道该叫她什么。call [sb] to [sth] vtr (summon to religious vocation) (宗教)召唤…担任备注: 指上帝召唤人担任神职God called him to the priesthood.call [sb] vtr (awaken)叫醒Would you like to be called in the morning?call [sb] [sth] vtr (label)把…叫做How dare you call me a cheat!call [sb] vtr (attract)吸引The sea was calling him.call to [sb] vi + prep (yell to get [sb]'s attention)向…喊Steve called to his wife to come and help him.call [sb] aside, call aside [sb] vtr + adv (summon [sb] from group)把…叫到一旁call [sb] back vtr + prep (return phone call to)给某人回电话I'll call her back later.我之后会给她回电话。call [sb] collect v expr US (reverse phone charges to)给…打对方付费电话Because he had no money, he called his parents collect.call [sb] every name under the sun v expr figurative (repeatedly insult [sb])用尽各种污言秽语辱骂某人；谩骂某人You can call me every name under the sun, but it doesn't change the situation one bit.call [sb] in, call in [sb] vtr + adv (summon)叫某人，唤来某人It's time to call the children in for supper.该叫孩子们进来吃晚饭了。call [sb] names v expr informal (insult [sb])侮辱；辱骂In school, Ralph was a bully and called me names.call [sb] out vtr + adv (request visit)紧急召集；召唤出动Paul's elderly mother was unwell, so he called the doctor out.保罗年迈的母亲感觉不适，所以他赶紧请来医生。call [sb] out on [sth], call out [sb] on [sth] v expr informal (challenge: on [sth] said, done)就…挑战某人Julia called her uncle out on his offensive remarks.茱莉亚斥责她叔叔的无礼言论。call [sb] out, call out [sb] vtr + adv (order workers to strike)让...罢工；组织...罢工The union has called its members out following the breakdown of talks with management.call [sb] over vtr (invite, beckon)邀请…过来We called her over to our table to join us.call [sb/sth] to order v expr (request silence)要求…安静call [sb] together vtr + adv (summon group)把…召集起来，使…聚集call [sb]'s bluff v expr (challenge [sb] who may be faking)虚张声势[sb]'s/[sth]'s calling card, the calling card of [sb/sth] n figurative (identifying mark, sign)特点，特征Serena dresses flamboyantly; brightly-colored clothing is her calling card.赛琳娜打扮非常张扬；色彩鲜亮的穿着就是她的特征。calm [sb/sth] vtr (make quiet or peaceful)使镇定；使宁静；使平静She patted the excited horse to calm it.她轻拍受惊的马，使它平静下来。calm [sb] vtr (to sedate)使…平静下来；让…镇静The nurse calmed the patient with a shot of morphine.calumniate [sb] vtr (defame, speak ill of)诽谤；中伤；说某人坏话camouflage [sth/sb] vtr (disguise, conceal)伪装The soldiers camouflaged their faces with green paint.can [sb] vtr US, slang (fire, dismiss)解雇, 辞退He should have been canned for that kind of behavior.can't stand [sth/sb] v expr informal (find intolerable)无法忍受；忍受不了I can't stand my overbearing, demanding boss.can stand [sth/sb] v expr (be able to tolerate)能够忍受I hope that noise stops soon - I don't think I can stand it much longer!cancel [sb] vtr figurative, often passive, informal (celebrity, etc.: boycott) (明星等)抵制The singer complained that he had been cancelled for sharing his political views on social media.cane [sb] vtr (beat as punishment)杖击William was caned as punishment for skipping class.威廉因为因为逃学，受到了杖击的惩罚。cannibalize [sb], also UK: cannibalise [sb] vtr (eat flesh of a person) (本义)吃（人）肉canonize [sb], also UK: canonise [sb] vtr (declare [sb] a saint)将…封为圣徒canonize [sb/sth], also UK: canonise [sb/sth] vtr figurative (treat [sb], [sth] with reverence)虔诚地对待canvass [sb] vtr (solicit opinion or vote of)向…游说A swindler has been canvassing elderly people and tricking them into paying thousands of dollars.骗子一直忽悠老人并骗取他们支付数千美元。cap [sb] vtr (player: play for national team) (入选代表队)授予…队员帽She's been capped 6 times for England and she's only 19.captivate [sb] vtr (charm, fascinate)使着迷；使迷恋；强烈吸引住Many people are captivated by the actress, but I don't see her appeal.许多人都迷恋这位女演员，但是我并没有看出她的魅力所在。capture [sth/sb] vtr (catch and hold)捕获；抓住；俘虏The police captured the murder suspect.警方抓住了杀人嫌疑犯。capture [sth/sb] vtr (take by force)夺取；占领Enemy forces captured the city.card [sb] vtr US, informal (ask for identification)检查身份证；出示证件Although Mona is thirty, she usually gets carded when she buys alcohol.虽然莫娜已经三十岁了，但是她买酒时经常被要求出示证件。care about [sb] vi + prep (feel affection)喜欢；喜爱Of course I want to spend more time with you. I care about you.我当然想和你一起呆得更久些，因为我喜欢你。care for [sb] vi + prep (have romantic feelings for)喜欢；爱；中意Juliana still cares for Simon after all these years.过了好些年，朱莉安娜还是爱着西蒙。care for [sb/sth] vi + prep (like, approve of)关怀；关心；关爱Even though they are no longer together, Sarah still cares for her ex-husband as a friend.尽管分手了，但莎拉还是像关心朋友一样关心她的前夫。care for [sb/sth] vi + prep (take care of)照顾；照料Will you care for me in my old age?我老了你会照顾我吗？care nothing for [sb] v expr (feel no affection)不喜欢；不关心caress [sb], caress [sth] vtr (touch affectionately)抚摸Danielle caressed the child's cheek.丹妮尔抚摸着孩子的脸庞。caricature [sb/sth] vtr (portray satirically)把...画成漫画, 用漫画讽刺...The entire audience laughed as the comedian caricatured the president.cark [sb] vtr archaic (trouble, vex)使困扰；使烦恼carpet [sb] vtr figurative (reprimand)训斥；责备Jack's boss carpeted him for failing to write the report.carry [sb] vtr (be pregnant with) (身孕、孩子等)怀有Melinda is carrying twins.梅琳达怀着一对双胞胎。carry [sb] to [sth] vtr figurative (cause success of)带领…赢得胜利The star player carried the team to victory.carry a torch for [sb] v expr (love unrequitedly)单恋Jim is still carrying a torch for his first wife, even though she divorced him ten years ago.cart [sb] away vtr + adv informal, figurative (remove, evict [sb] troublesome) (惹麻烦的人)强行带走，抓走The guards carted away the guy who got into a fight.保安将打架的那个人带走了。case-harden [sb] vtr figurative, often passive (harden emotionally)使冷硬无情case-harden [sb] to [sth] vtr figurative, often passive (harden emotionally)使...对...冷酷无情cashier [sb], cashier [sb] from [sth] vtr US, informal (dismiss from a job)解雇；开除；撤职Marco was cashiered from the military because of the mistakes he made.马可因犯了错被军队开除了。cast [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (send forth)将某人从某处赶走；将某人驱逐出某处He was cast from his city and had to live elsewhere.他被赶出了自己的城市，不得不另寻住处。cast [sb] vtr (theater: fill a role)让…扮演They cast him as one of the bodyguards.他们让他扮演一位保镖。cast a gloom over [sb] v expr (put [sb] in sad mood)使...郁闷；使...忧郁cast a spell on [sb/sth] v expr figurative (enchant, seduce)迷住The skilful musician's passionate performance cast a spell on the entire audience.cast a spell on [sth/sb] v expr (witchcraft: charm or curse)用符咒使某人迷惑，对某人施咒cast aspersions on [sb/sth] v expr (disparage, slander)诽谤；抨击castigate [sb] vtr (reprimand, punish)惩罚；训诫The judge castigated the prosecutor for her repeated objections.法官因检察官不断反对而给予训诫。castrate [sb] vtr (remove testicles of)阉割As punishment for adultery, the man was castrated.castrate [sb] vtr figurative (emasculate)使…柔弱，使…无男子气概Shawn has been castrated by his wife's constant nagging.由于他妻子的不停唠叨，肖恩变得软弱。catapult [sth/sb] vtr figurative (propel, launch) (比喻)发射, 猛掷The boy catapulted his peas across the room.The blast catapulted the man clear across the street.catcall [sb] vtr (audience: jeer, boo)哄场；向...发嘘声；给...喝倒彩The audience was catcalling the comedian so much that he eventually fled the stage.catcall [sb] vtr (harass in street) (性骚扰)向…吹口哨或言语挑逗The man was fined for catcalling women in the street.catch [sb/sth] vtr (grasp, seize)抓住，捉住Jason caught her by the wrist.杰森抓住她的手腕。catch [sb] vtr ([sb] departing)追上；赶上You might be able to catch him if you hurry.如果赶紧，你也许还能追上他。catch [sb] doing [sth] vtr (discover unexpectedly)意外发现某人做某事Alice caught her boyfriend eating cookies in the middle of the night.爱丽丝逮到男朋友半夜偷吃饼干。catch a glimpse of [sth/sb], catch a brief glimpse of [sth/sb] v expr (perceive briefly)瞥见；很快地看…一眼I caught a glimpse of Peter as he walked past my house.catch hold of [sb/sth] v expr (grasp, grab)抓住；握住；抓牢Mr. Jones caught hold of Mark by the collar and dragged him off to see the headmaster.catch [sb] off guard v expr (take [sb] by surprise)使…惊讶；趁…不备，使…措手不及The offer of early retirement caught me off guard; I hadn't guessed it was coming.catch [sb] red handed vtr + adj figurative (discover [sb] committing a crime)把…抓个正着I caught the thief red handed stealing my jewels.catch [sb]'s drift, get [sb]'s drift v expr informal, figurative (understand what [sb] means)懂某人的意思catch sight of [sth/sb] v expr (glimpse, notice)突然看见；瞥见When I caught sight of my appearance in the mirror, I immediately rushed back to my closet to change.当我瞥见自己镜中的模样时，我立马冲回衣柜去换衣服。catch the attention of [sb] v expr (be noticed)吸引…的注意His manly voice caught my attention.catch the eye, catch [sb]'s eye v expr (be noticeable)引人注目The bold designs and bright colours of these dresses really catch the eye.catch the eye of [sb] v expr (be noticed)引起...的注意；吸引...的关注Laura's performance in the show caught the eye of talent scouts.catch [sb] unawares, take [sb] unawares v expr (catch off-guard)让某人出其不意The question caught the minister unawares; she didn't have an answer prepared.catch [sb] up v expr informal (update [sb])使...跟上；让...赶上catch [sb] up on [sth] v expr informal (update [sb] on [sth])让...赶上；使...跟上catch [sb]'s eye v expr (be noticed)引起…的注意catechize [sb], also UK: catechise [sb] vtr (instruct [sb] in Christian doctrine)用问答法教授…教义教理catechize [sb], also UK: catechise [sb] vtr figurative (question [sb] closely)盘诘；盘问categorize [sth/sb], also UK: categorise [sth/sb] vtr (classify [sth], [sb])将…分类；将…归类How does the law categorize this drug?categorize [sth/sb], also UK: categorise [sth/sb] vtr (define, describe [sth], [sb])定义，定性；归类Krista is difficult to categorize, as she is so changeable.categorize [sth/sb] as [sth], also UK: categorise [sth/sb] as [sth] v expr (define, describe [sth], [sb] as [sth])将…分类Based on Eli's fashion, we categorized him as an outdoors type.catfish [sb] vtr (deceive [sb] online)通过网络欺骗Natalie was embarrassed that she had been catfished by a man she thought would become her husband.catheterize [sb], also UK: catheterise [sb] vtr (insert a catheter into [sb])将导管插入； (人)给...插导管cause [sb/sth] to do [sth] vtr (prompt)致使某人做某事The cat ran out into the road, causing Ellen to swerve and crash the car.那只猫闯入机动车道，导致艾伦急转弯撞坏了自己的车。cause [sb] anguish, cause anguish to [sb] vtr + n (torment)使痛苦；使苦恼The thought of her son fighting in a war so far away caused Cindy untold anguish.cause [sb] pain, cause pain to [sb] vtr + n (hurt physically) (身体受伤等)引起疼痛As a nurse, I sometimes had to perform procedures that caused people pain.cause [sb] pain, cause pain to [sb] vtr + n (torment, hurt emotionally) (感情上)使某人痛苦Although I didn't want to cause him pain, I felt that I had no choice but to tell him about his wife's infidelity.caution [sb] to do [sth] vtr + prep (warn)警告；劝…小心The teacher cautioned her students not to talk to strangers.老师警告学生不要跟陌生人说话。caution [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep (warn)警告某人某事The boss cautioned his employees about time-wasting.老板警告他的员工不要浪费时间。caution [sb] vtr (police: give a warning) (警方)向...发出警告，训诫The police officer cautioned the woman and told her that if she did not stop shouting, he would arrest her.警官向那位女子发出警告，如果她继续大喊大叫的话，他就会逮捕她。cc [sb] vtr informal, abbreviation (email: copy in as recipient)抄送Don't forget to cc me when you email tomorrow's agenda to Meera.cede to [sb] vi + prep (yield to [sb]'s will)服从Wilson cedes too easily to his wife.celebrate [sth/sb] vtr (praise)赞美；颂扬Today, we celebrate Bob and all the great things he has done for this community.censure [sb] vtr (criticize, blame)斥责，责备；谴责，严正指责The governor was censured and removed from office after his embezzlement scandal.州长挪用公款的丑闻传出后，他受到了严厉指责并被撤职。censure [sb] for [sth] vtr (criticize, blame)谴责The army censured several high-ranking officers for corruption.to [sb]'s certain knowledge expr ([sb] knows for a fact)据...所知To my certain knowledge, Wellington won the battle of Waterloo.certify [sb] vtr (person: declare insane)证明…有精神病The prisoner was certified and deemed unable to stand trial.囚犯证实有精神病，无法上庭受审。chafe [sb/sth] vtr (fabric, etc.: rub painfully) (粗糙布料)擦伤, 擦红These socks chafe my ankles.这些袜子擦伤了我的脚踝。chafe [sb] vtr figurative (irritate, be annoying)使烦躁，使焦躁，使恼怒The woman's shrill voice chafed me.那个女人刺耳的声音让我感到烦躁。chaff [sb] vtr informal (tease good-naturedly)开玩笑She chaffed him for always wearing his scruffy jeans.chain [sth/sb] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (connect, link)用链条将…栓在…上When you park your bike, remember to chain it to a bike rack or tree.停放自行车时别忘了用链条将车拴在自行车架或树上。chain [sb/sth] up, chain up [sb/sth] vtr + adv (restrain with a chain)拴住...challenge [sb] to do [sth] vtr (demand)要求某人做某事I challenge you to tell the truth!我要求你说实话！challenge [sb], challenge [sb] to [sth] vtr (to a game, etc.) (比赛等)向…挑战Alex challenged me to a game of pool.亚利克斯向我挑战，要和我比赛打台球。challenge [sb] vtr (be difficult for) (能力、技巧等)考验，对…来说是挑战Fixing the car really challenged me.修车真是考验我啊！challenge [sb] vtr formal (military: halt) (军事)盘问；让…停下来接受讯问The sentry challenges all who approach.哨兵盘问每个接近的人。championship of [sth/sb], championing n (vocal support)对…的支持；对…的拥护；宣扬Sandy has always been very vocal in her championship of healthy living.桑迪总是直言不讳地宣扬健康生活。change into [sth/sb] vi + prep (be transformed)变成，蜕变成The larva changed into an adult.幼虫蜕变成了成虫。change [sb] vtr (baby: replace nappy)换尿布；给...换纸尿裤Lisa changed the baby before putting him into his car seat.change places with [sb] v expr (swap positions with)与…换位置Kathy changed places with Jim so that she could sit by the window.change places with [sb] v expr (exchange roles with)与…交换角色；与…换位If parents and children could change places with each other, it would be a real eye opener.channel [sb] vtr figurative (paranormal: be a conduit)通灵I feel like I am channeling my grandmother when I cook.chaperone [sb], chaperon [sb] vtr (accompany)陪护；陪同；陪伴My dad will chaperone us on this trip.characterize [sth] as [sth], also UK: characterise [sth] as [sb] vtr + prep (depict, portray [sth])描绘…的特征；将…的特征描绘为The mood in the debate could be characterised as hostile.charge [sb] vtr (ask for money)向…收费；向…索价I think the waiter forgot to charge me.我觉得服务员忘了向我收费。charge [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (ask for money)因为…向…收费；问…要…的钱The barman didn't charge me for my drink.酒保没有问我要酒的钱。charge [sb] [sth] vtr (ask for money)向某人收钱；收某人钱The taxi driver charged me £15.出租车司机收了我15英镑。charge [sb] vtr (accuse)指责；指控The police charged Murphy because they thought he had broken the law.警察指控墨菲犯了罪，因为他们认为墨菲违反了法律。charge [sb] to do [sth] v expr (order)命令I charge you to look after the house properly while I am away.charge [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (entrust)赋予…任务The sergeant charged the corporal with command of the squad.charge [sb/sth] vtr (rush towards)朝…冲过去The other team charged the quarterback.charge [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (accuse)指控；控告The police charged the man with a crime.警方指控该男子有罪。charge [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (order)使…负责；使…承担The prison guard charged him with the cleaning of the latrines.狱卒让他负责清扫厕所。；charm [sb] vtr (make [sb] like you)迷住；使迷醉The little girl charmed the shopkeeper, and he gave her a free ice cream cone.那个小女孩让店主心生喜爱，然后店主给她一个免费的冰淇淋筒。chase [sb/sth] vtr (pursue)追逐, 追捕；追求The dogs chased the rabbit.狗在追兔子。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 他以四处追求女孩为乐。chase [sb/sth] vtr figurative (strive for) (比喻)追求，争取You should never give up chasing your dreams.你不应该放弃对梦想的追求。chase away [sth/sb], chase [sth/sb] away vtr + adv (shoo)驱赶，驱逐；赶走Chase away that dog before it eats your food.chase away [sth/sb], chase [sth/sb] away vtr + adv (scare into running away)赶走；驱逐chase away [sth/sb], chase [sth/sb] away vtr + adv figurative (banish, get rid of) (比喻)驱逐，赶走It was a good luck charm to chase away nightmares.chasten [sb] vtr formal, usually passive (humble)压制；抑制The team was chastened by their defeat.这支队伍因失败而一蹶不振。chasten [sb] vtr formal (chastise, reprimand) (使改正坏习惯等)训斥；惩戒My boss chastened me for the mistake I made on the report.我老板因我在报告中所犯的错误而训斥了我。chastise [sb] vtr dated (punish [sb], esp. physically)惩罚；惩戒In the old days, it was common for headteachers to use a cane to chastise their pupils.chastise [sb] vtr (reprimand, rebuke [sb])斥责；叱责The servants were chastised and sent to their quarters.仆人们在受到斥责后被送回了宿舍。chastise [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (reprimand [sb] for [sth])为...惩戒；为了...批评The headteacher chastised her for her rudeness.chastise [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (reprimand [sb] for doing [sth])责备The boss chastised me for speaking out.chauffeur [sb] vtr French (drive: [sb] around)当…的司机When Jonathan broke his leg, I had to chauffeur him.乔纳森摔断腿后，我不得不成为了他的司机。chauffeur [sb] somewhere vtr (drive: [sb])开车送My mom chauffeured my friends and me to the mall.chauffeur [sb] vtr informal, figurative, French (transport: [sb] by car)开车送I can't drive, so it's my wife who chauffeurs our teenage daughters when they want to visit their friends.我不会开车，所以当我们十几岁的女儿们要去见朋友，由我的妻子开车送她们去。chauffeur [sb] around vtr informal, figurative (transport: [sb] by car)开车四处逛Mike's mom chauffeured him around to all of his activities..chauffeur [sb] to [sth] vtr (drive: [sb] to a place)为…开车Helen hired a driver to chauffeur her to work.cheat [sb] out of [sth] v expr (take [sth] by deception)从某人身上骗取某物；骗取某人的某物The con man cheated the elderly woman out of her life savings.这个骗子骗取了那位老妇人一生的积蓄。cheat [sb] vtr (swindle)欺骗；诈骗The investor was found guilty of cheating his business partner.投资者欺骗了他的商业伙伴。cheating, cheating on [sb] n informal (infidelity)出轨；不忠贞；劈腿Shelley has had enough of her boyfriend's cheating; she is leaving him.谢莉受够男友劈腿的行为，她要和他分手。a check on [sth/sb] n (person, thing that restrains)对…的制衡；对…的限制The U.S. Congress acts as a check on the president.美国国会是对总统的一种制衡。check [sb] vtr US, Can (hockey: block player) (冰球)阻截Never check another hockey player from behind because it could cause a serious spinal injury.千万不要从后方阻截其他冰球队员，因为这样可能造成严重脊柱损伤。check [sb] vtr (chess opponent: put in check) (国际象棋)把…将军In two moves, Kasparov will check the challenger.再有两步，卡斯帕罗夫就会将挑战者的军。check [sb] vtr (hockey: use a defensive move against [sb]) (冰球)冲撞check [sth/sb] over, check over [sth/sb] vtr + adv (examine, inspect)查看；检查I always check over the engine carefully before a long car journey.checkmate [sb] vtr (beat: chess opponent)将死Gary's opponent was surprised when he was suddenly checkmated.突然被将死时，盖瑞的对手很吃惊。checkmate [sb] vtr figurative (defeat)击败；击破cheek by jowl with [sb] expr figurative (close together with [sb])与…离得近，与…关系亲密cheer [sb] vtr (yell supportingly for)为…加油；鼓励；为…欢呼喝彩The fans cheered their team.球迷为他们的球队欢呼喝彩。cherish [sb] vtr (love: [sb]) (人)爱护； (人)珍爱The pastor cherishes his wife.牧师珍爱着他的妻子。chez [sb] prep humorous, Gallicism (at the home of)在…的住宅中；在…的家中I spent my entire Christmas vacation chez my friend John.我在我朋友约翰家中度过了整个圣诞假期。chide [sb] vtr (tell off, reprimand)责备；责怪Brady is often chided by his overly critical parents.布雷迪总是被他过度挑剔的父母责骂。chide [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (tell off, reprimand)斥责；责备The teacher chided the students for disrupting the class.chill with [sb] vi + prep slang (hang out, socialize)与…一起消磨时间I'm chilling with the guys at Frankie's Bar today.我今天在弗兰基的酒吧里与朋友们一起消磨时间。chirp at [sb] vi + prep US, informal, figurative (taunt, criticize)奚落；批评chisel [sb] out of [sth] vtr figurative, slang (cheat, swindle)从…处骗走…；将…从…手里骗走The guy chiseled twenty bucks out of me.chivvy [sb] vtr UK (hurry or harass)催促；骚扰chloroform [sb/sth] vtr (make unconscious using chloroform)用氯仿麻醉；用氯仿使失去知觉chock-full of [sth/sb] adj + prep informal (completely full: of people, things)挤满了…的；充满了...的The room was chock-full of celebrities and reporters.choke [sb] vtr (constrict [sb]'s breath)掐；掐死The murderer killed his victim by choking her.凶手掐死了受害者。christen [sb] vtr (Christianity: baptize [sb])为…施洗礼The new baby will be christened on Sunday.新生儿将在周日施洗礼。christen [sb] [sth] vtr informal (give [sb] a name)为…命名They christened their son "Paul" in memory of his grandfather.他们将自己的儿子取名为“保罗”来缅怀他的祖父。chuck [sb] vtr figurative, slang (break up with: lover)跟...分手；甩掉Andy isn't dating Gwen anymore--she chucked him a long time ago.chuck [sb] vtr (pat [sb])轻拍；轻抚Isabel's uncle chucked her under the chin.cinematograph [sb/sth], kinematograph [sb/sth] vtr UK, historical (record with a motion-picture camera)把...拍成电影，拍摄电影circle [sth/sb] vtr (move around [sth])环绕；绕圈A hawk circled the grove of trees.一只老鹰围着小树林绕圈飞。circumcise [sb] vtr (male: remove foreskin)割除…的包皮Many baby boys in the U.S. are circumcised.美国的许多男婴都割过包皮。circumcise [sb] vtr (female: remove clitoris)割除...的阴蒂In some parts of Africa, girls are still circumcised.circumstance [sb] vtr (place in a situation)使…处于某种境况Due to the disaster, the organization was circumstanced such that they were not able to pay for the festival that year.cite [sb] vtr (quote) (某人的话)摘引，引用The president cited Winston Churchill in his speech.那位总统在演讲中引用了温斯顿·丘吉尔的话。cite [sb] vtr usu passive (military: mention honourably) (军队等)表彰，嘉奖，表扬Harris was among the soldiers cited at the ceremony.哈里斯是仪式上表彰的士兵之一。cite [sb] for [sth] vtr usu passive (military: mention honourably) (军事)因…传令嘉奖He was cited for bravery in battle.cite [sb] vtr (summons to court of law) (法庭)传讯An officer was at the door with a summons citing Paul and another man. The man was cited for speedingcivilize [sb], also UK: civilise [sb] vtr (refine socially)使文明clap [sb/sth] vtr (strike [sb] lightly)轻拍；轻敲The old man clapped my shoulder in greeting.clap eyes on [sb/sth] v expr informal (see)注视；看见clash with [sb/sth] vi + prep (fight)与…发生武装冲突；与…发生武力冲突Three soldiers were killed on Tuesday when security forces clashed with separatists.周二，保安部队与分离主义分子发生了武装冲突，造成三名士兵死亡。clash with [sb] vi + prep (disagree with)与…不协调；与…发生冲突No matter how hard I try, I always seem to clash with my boss.不管我怎么努力，似乎总是与老板发生冲突。clasp [sb/sth] vtr (embrace)拥抱The little girl clasped her doll tightly.小女孩紧紧地抱住她的娃娃。class [sth/sb] vtr (classify, sort)分类；归类The law classes drugs according to how harmful they are.class [sth/sb] as [sth] vtr + prep (classify as)把…列入某类；给…分类I would class him as studious but shy.我会将归类为用功学习但却害羞的学生。claw [sb] vtr (animal: dig, scratch at) (动物)用爪子或钳子抓、挖（某人），挠My cat clawed me while I was playing with him.我和猫玩的时候被挠了。claw at [sb] vi + prep (animal: dig, scratch) (动物)用爪子或钳子抓, 用爪子挖The feisty baby panda clawed at his keeper.活泼的熊猫宝宝抓了饲养员。claw at [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (person: grasp, clutch) (人)抓牢，抓紧cleanse [sb] of [sth] vtr figurative (remove sin or guilt from)替…洗清罪名，为…辩污Confession is meant to cleanse you of your sins.忏悔意味着替你清洗罪名。clear, clear of [sth/sb] adv (away from)远离；保持距离Keep clear of him. He's dangerous.clear [sb] vtr (acquit)洗清…嫌疑；宣判…无罪The court cleared the suspect of all charges.clear [sb] vtr (approve, give permission)批准；授权；给予…许可The security office cleared the visitors to enter.click with [sb] vi + prep figurative, informal (get along with [sb])与...相处甚欢；与...关系融洽Shawn immediately clicked with his new brother-in-law.肖恩很快与新妹夫相处甚欢。climb onto [sth/sb] vi + prep (get on top)爬到…上，登上Emma climbed onto the horse and flicked the reins, but the horse didn't move.climb over [sth/sb] vi + prep (clamber across)爬过；翻过Even if you manage to climb over the prison fence, the dogs will be waiting on the other side.climb over [sb] vi + prep figurative (be ruthless, ambitious) (比喻)超过…往上爬You have to climb over people to get what you want in this business.cling to [sth/sb] vi + prep (hold tightly)紧紧抓住；紧紧抱住Knowing they would soon have to part, the lovers clung to one another.情人们知道即将彼此分离，紧紧抱住了对方。cling to [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (to [sth], [sb]: emotionally)依恋；粘人I don't like the way Roger's new girlfriend clings to him.我不喜欢罗杰的新女友粘他的样子。clip [sth/sb] vtr (hit lightly)轻击Tina was clipped in the shoulder by a baseball at practice.cloak [sth/sb] vtr figurative (hide)掩盖；掩饰The darkness cloaked the burglar, and he was able to move without anyone noticing.窃贼趁着夜幕的掩盖， 不知鬼不觉地离开了。clobber [sb] vtr informal (beat, hit)重击, 狠揍, 猛打Ralphie finally got his revenge when he clobbered the school bully.拉尔菲最终得到了复仇的机会，他狠狠地揍了校霸。clobber [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep informal (beat, hit)猛击Brian's little brother clobbered him with a hockey stick.clobber [sb/sth] vtr informal, figurative (treat harshly)严厉对待；粗暴对待clock [sb] vtr slang, figurative (hit [sb]) (俚语)打；揍She was so upset by what he said that she clocked him round the head.clock [sth/sb] vtr (time with stopwatch)用秒表计时；用计时器记录clock [sth/sb] vtr UK, figurative, informal (notice)注意；留意cloister [sb] vtr (seclude)使隐居The writer cloistered himself in his mountain cabin until he finished writing his novel.在作家完成小说前，他一直隐居在他的山间小屋。clone [sb] vtr (produce genetic copy of) (生物繁殖)克隆，复制，无性繁殖In the sci-fi movie, aliens cloned the main character for research.在科幻小说中，外星人克隆了主角进行研究。close to [sth/sb] prep (near to)挨着；靠近The bank is close to the post office.这家银行挨着邮局。close to [sb] adj + prep figurative (intimate with)和…亲近的；与…亲密的Ben has always been close to his sister.本一直都和姐姐很亲近。close the door on [sb] vtr (on [sb]: shut door to exclude)把…关在门外closed to [sth/sb] adj + prep (not open physically)对…封闭；对…关闭The road is closed to traffic while it is being repaired.这条道在修路期间禁止通行。closed to [sth/sb] adj + prep (not accessible to)对…不开放Access to the online resources is closed to anyone who has not paid a subscription.在线资源不对未付订阅费的人开放。closet [sth/sb] vtr (close in, isolate)使…在某地秘密会谈；把…隔离起来The cardinals were closeted at the Vatican until the Pope was elected.clothe [sb] vtr usu passive (put [sb] into clothes)为…穿衣；替…穿上衣服She always clothes the twins identically.她总是给双胞胎穿一样的衣服。clothe [sb] in [sth] vtr usu passive (dress [sb] in [sth])给…穿衣The maids clothed the queen in rich, purple silk.clothe [sb] vtr figurative (provide clothing for)为…提供衣物Who will clothe the poor if the charity closes?如果慈善机构关门，谁来为穷人提供衣物？cloud [sb]'s judgment, also UK: cloud [sb]'s judgement v expr (impair or prejudice [sb]'s reasoning)蒙蔽你的判断Don't let your love for someone cloud your judgment.clout [sb] vtr figurative, informal (strike with the hand)拳打；掌击She clouted him round the head for being so rude.cloy [sb] vtr literary, archaic (sicken)使倒胃口, 使作呕The heady smell of alcohol and cigar smoke cloyed Daphne.club [sb] vtr (hit with heavy object) (尤指用钝器)击打The caveman clubbed the animal.club [sb] with [sth] vtr (hit with heavy object)用…击打某人The two men clubbed their victim with a baseball bat.cluck over [sb] vi figurative (fuss in a maternal way)对…絮絮叨叨，为…瞎操心Patricia clucked over the sick little boy.clump [sth/sb] in with [sth/sb] v expr informal, figurative (include with)合在一起Don't clump me in with the troublemakers--I've never done anything wrong!不要把我跟闹事者混为一谈。我从不犯错！cluster around [sb/sth] vi + prep (gather)紧紧环绕着，聚集在…周围During story time, the students clustered around their teacher and listened intently.co-host [sth] with [sb] vtr + prep (present jointly)和…共同主持co-parent [sb], coparent [sb] vtr (raise child while separated)共同抚养子女；共同养育子女co-star with [sb], costar with [sb] vi + prep (actor: share top billing with)与...联袂主演coach [sb] vtr (train a team, player) (体育运动)训练，指导，当…的教练Bob coaches the basketball team.鲍勃是篮球队教练。coach [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (train in a sport)在某方面训练某人Miss Martin coaches the girls in football and cricket.马丁教练训练女孩儿们的足球和板球。coach [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (instruct or train)训练, 指导Ed coaches his clients in public speaking.艾德指导他的客户如何进行公众演讲。coach [sb] to do [sth] v expr (sports: teach [sb]) (体育运动)训练某人做某事，指导某人做某事Bill coached the boys to pass the ball better.比尔指导男孩们如何更好地传球。coach [sb] to do [sth] v expr (teach, assist)教…做；指导…做The father coached the mother to breathe as she delivered the baby.准爸在准妈分娩时指导她呼吸。coarsen [sth/sb] vtr figurative (make less refined)变粗俗，变粗鲁on [sb]'s coattails expr figurative (aided by [sb]'s success)靠...的提携coauthor [sth] with [sb], also UK: co-author [sth] with [sb] vtr (write jointly)与…一起合著Caroline coauthored the book with her husband.coax [sb] vtr (persuade, entice)哄；劝说He's stubborn, but please try to coax him.他虽然很固执，但也请尽量劝劝他。coax [sb] to do [sth] v expr (persuade, entice to do)劝说某人做某事，劝服某人做某事；劝诱某人做某事，哄劝某人做某事They coaxed me to join them for the weekend.他们哄劝我和他们一起共度周末。coax [sb/sth] into [sth] vtr + prep (persuade, entice into)劝说…进入；劝说…做No matter how hard I tried, it was impossible to coax my cat into the carrier.不管我怎么努力，都无法让猫进到便携式猫箱里。coax [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (persuade, entice into doing)劝说某人做某事；哄某人做某事Jessica tried to coax her daughter into eating the oatmeal.杰西卡想哄女儿吃燕麦片。coax [sth] out of [sb] v expr (obtain by persuasion)劝说后得动cocker [sb] vtr UK, regional, informal (spoil, indulge)溺爱；宠溺cocoon [sb] vtr figurative (envelop protectively) (比喻)把...包裹起来；保护She's always been cocooned by her wealthy parents.cocoon [sb] in [sth] vtr (envelop)包裹；裹住The mother cocooned her baby in layers of blankets to protect him from the cold.coddle [sb] vtr (pamper, pander to [sb])溺爱；娇惯；娇养Max's mother coddled him, and he's never had to face criticism in his life.coerce [sb] vtr (force, compel)强迫；迫使Did anyone coerce you to carry this package?coerce [sb] into [sth] vtr (force, compel)迫使The police coerced the suspect into confessing to the crime.coerce [sb] into doing [sth] vtr (force, compel)迫使The government was coerced into accepting the treaty.coerce [sth] from [sb] vtr (bring about by force)强行实现Authorities attempted to coerce cooperation from the residents.coexist with [sb/sth], also UK: co-exist with [sb/sth] vi + prep (exist at the same time as)与...共存Ants coexisted with dinosaurs.coexist with [sth/sb], also UK: co-exist with [sth/sb] vi + prep (live side by side with)共生；共处Surprisingly, the dogs coexist with the cats here without issues.cold-shoulder [sb] vtr informal, figurative (snub)冷淡；轻视；冷落cold-call [sb] vtr (make unsolicited sales visit or phone call)打陌生推销电话He cold-called all the people on his contact list.collar [sb] vtr informal (catch: a criminal) (指罪犯)捉住；逮捕The police collared the man when he returned to the scene of his crime.collar [sb] vtr informal (get hold of, accost: [sb])拦住...说话；截住...搭话I collared my boss this morning and asked for a pay rise.collar [sb] vtr (grab [sb] by collar)抓住...的领子Luke collared his brother and pulled him out of the room.collate [sb] vtr (clergy member: appoint) (神职人员)任命The church collated the cleric to a higher position.collect [sb] vtr (pick up, fetch [sb])接；领走I collect the children from their father's at 5pm on a Sunday.周日下午5点，我去孩子他爸那儿把孩子们领走。collide with [sth/sb] vi + prep (crash)与…相碰撞；撞上The Titanic collided with the iceberg.泰坦尼克号与冰山相撞了。collude with [sth/sb] vi + prep (conspire or plot jointly with)与…勾结；与…串通；与…共谋Richardson was accused of colluding with the enemy.colonize [sb], also UK: colonise [sb] vtr (rule over indigenous people)对…进行殖民The Romans invaded and colonized the Gauls.come after [sth/sb] vi + prep (follow in sequence) (顺序)出现在…之后The letter Q comes after P in the English alphabet.come down hard on [sb] v expr informal, figurative (punish)惩罚come down on the side of [sb], come down on [sb]'s side v expr (choose to support)支持；站在...一边come in contact with [sb], come into contact with [sb] v expr (meet: [sb])遇见；和...接触come naturally to [sb] v expr (be easy for [sb] to do)对...来说很简单；对...很轻松come near [sth/sb], come near to [sth/sb], come close v expr (get closer)走近，接近，靠近Don't come near me or I'll shoot!come [sb]'s way n (happen in [sb]'s life)经历；阅历That is the worst thing that ever came my way.I have a feeling that some good luck will come your way soon.那是我所经历的最糟糕的事情。// 我预感你很快就要走运了。come to [sb] vi + prep (reach)到达；来到I lost contact with my brother years ago, and the news of his death came to me in a letter from his solicitor.几年前，我和我哥哥失去了联系，他的律师写信告知我他去世的消息。come to an agreement with [sb] v expr (resolve a dispute)与…达成协议It was a long hard battle but we finally came to an agreement with each other.come to an agreement with [sb] v expr (agree to terms)与…达成一致I came to an agreement with my ex-wife that I would watch the kids on the weekends.come to grips with [sb] v expr dated (be in close combat with)与...搏斗；与...打斗come to know [sb/sth] v expr (grow familiar)逐渐明白；开始清楚You're not the woman I've come to know. You've changed.come to [sb]'s assistance v expr (offer to help)向…提供帮助；帮…的忙She was quick to come to my assistance when I needed some help.come to the aid of [sb] v expr (offer to help)向…提供帮助；帮…的忙The paramedics will come to the aid of anyone who is injured. The Red Cross came to the aid of thousands of injured and homeless after the earthquake.紧急医护人员会来抢救任何受伤的人。地震之后，有成千上万的伤者和无家可归者获得了红十字会的帮助。come to [sb]'s aid v expr (offer to help)帮助..., 援助...come to the attention of [sb], come to [sb]'s attention v expr (be noticed)引起...的关注；吸引...的注意It has come to the attention of management that many employees are using the computers to play games.come to the defense of [sb/sth] (US), come to the defence of [sb/sth] (UK) v expr (defend, support)保护；保卫come to [sb]'s/[sth]'s defense (US), come to [sb]'s/[sth]'s defence (UK) v expr (defend, support)保护..., 捍卫...come with [sb] vi + prep (accompany)跟（某人）在一起I'm leaving now. Are you going to come with me or not?我要走了，你要跟我一起吗？comfort [sb] vtr (console [sb])安慰；慰问The father comforted his crying child.父亲安慰正在哭的孩子。command [sb/sth] vtr (be in charge)指挥；带领Johnson commands our platoon.我们团由约翰森指挥。command [sb] to do [sth] v expr (order to do)命令某人做某事；指示某人做某事The general commanded the troops to attack.将军命令部队采取进攻。commandeer [sb] vtr (force [sb] into action)强征...入伍Many young men were commandeered into military service during the draft.commemorate [sb] vtr (honour, be memorial to)纪念This monument commemorates those who died in the war.commend [sb] vtr (praise [sb])表扬Frank was surprised when his mother commended him.commend [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (praise [sb] for [sth])赞扬Judges commended her for her poise and coordination.commend [sb] vtr (recommend [sb])推荐Everyone who reviewed his application commended him.commend [sb] to [sb] vtr + prep (recommend [sb] to [sb])推荐The professor commended the young protege to his colleagues.commend [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (entrust [sth] to [sb])把…委托给；把...托付给I commended my cat to my mother while I was abroad.commend [sb] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (entrust [sb] to [sth], [sb])委托The court commended the child to his uncle's care.commiserate with [sb] vi + prep (sympathize with)同情；怜悯commission [sb] vtr (hire: [sb])委托；委任The movie studio commissioned a famous designer to create props.电影制片厂委托了一位著名设计师制作道具。commit [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (entrust)把…托付给某人I commit the care of my children to you, should I not return from the mission.如果我这次任务没能回来，我的孩子就托付给你照顾了。commit [sb] vtr often passive (institutionalize)把…送进（精神病院等）After Brian was declared schizophrenic, he was committed.布赖恩被宣布患有精神分裂症后，就被送进了精神病院。commit [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep often passive (refer to a committee)将…提交给…以讨论This matter should now be committed to the council housing committee for final consideration.现在应该将这个问题交给理事会住房委员会进行最后审议。committed to [sb/sth] adj + prep (dedicated to)献身于...的；奉献给...的Sheila was fully committed to her family, above all else.家庭对希拉而言高于一切，她全心全意地献身于自己的家人。committed to [sb] adj + prep (partner: faithful, serious) (伴侣)对…忠诚的Mary is committed to her husband.Even though the couple are not married, they are committed to each other.玛丽对丈夫很忠诚。// 尽管这对情侣没有结婚，但他们还是对彼此忠诚。commune with [sb] vi + prep (communicate intimately)与…谈心；与…说知心话The holiest of men are said to commune with God.communicate with [sb] vi + prep (be in contact with)与…沟通；与…打交道；与...交往；与…有联系If he's abusive to you, then you shouldn't even communicate with him.如果他虐待你的话，那你甚至都不应该和他有联系。communicate with [sb] vi + prep (speak to)与…交谈；与…谈话As the manager of this company, I plan to communicate with Mary about her tardiness.Emails are a good way to communicate with all the staff at once.作为本公司的经理，我打算与玛丽谈谈她拖拉的工作表现。 // 要同时与所有的员工沟通，电子邮件是一种很好的方法。company [sb] vtr archaic or regional (accompany)陪伴compare [sth/sb] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (make a comparison, contrast with)把…与…进行比较；将…与…进行对照We compared the results to those of previous tests. Critics have compared his films to those of Hitchcock.我们把该结果与之前的测试结果进行了比较。评论家们已经把他的电影与希区柯克的进行了比较。compare [sth/sb] with [sth/sb] vtr + prep (make a comparison, contrast with)把…与…相比；拿…和…比较When you compare ice cream with cake, it's clear that ice cream is the better dessert.冰淇淋和蛋糕相比，肯定冰淇淋是更好的甜点。compare with [sth/sb], compare to [sth/sb] vi + prep (be as good as)比得上；与…相匹敌This food does not compare with dinner at a good restaurant.这顿饭菜比不上好餐厅的晚餐。compare notes, compare notes on [sb/sth] v expr (exchange opinions, experiences)就...交流思想；就...交换意见We met up for lunch to compare notes on our new boss.compel [sb], compel [sb] to do [sth] vtr (force: [sb])强迫某人做某事The threat of being fired compelled Tricia to tell the truth about what she saw.由于害怕被开除，特丽莎不得不说出了目击的真相。compensate [sb] vtr (reimburse [sb])补偿；赔付My insurance company compensated me when I lost my job.我失业时，保险公司给我赔付了一笔钱。compensate [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (reimburse [sb] for [sth])为…给…报销The company will compensate you for business expenses.公司将报销您的业务费用。compete against [sth/sb] vi + prep (sports, competition: try to beat) (竞赛等)与…竞争，与…对抗Edwards will be competing against some of the best athletes in the world.爱德华兹将要与那些全世界最优秀的运动员对抗。compete with [sth/sb] vi + prep (have as a business rival)与…竞争；与…对抗Small independent businesses have to compete with the large supermarkets.小型独立企业不得不与大型超市竞争。complain about [sth/sb] vi + prep (find fault, express unhappiness)抱怨；埋怨She never stops complaining about her lazy, useless husband.He complained about the leak to his landlord.她总是抱怨自己那个好吃懒做的丈夫。// 他向房东抱怨漏水一事。complain to [sb/sth] vi + prep (make formal complaint)向…投诉You need to complain to the local government in writing if you want anything to be done.complicate [sth] for [sb] vtr + prep (make [sth] difficult for [sb])使复杂化The snow is going to complicate deliveries for the milkman.His long explanation only served to complicate the question for us.compliment [sb] vtr (say [sth] nice to [sb])赞美；恭维I'm not used to people complimenting me.我不习惯别人恭维我。compliment [sb] on [sth] vtr (say [sth] nice to [sb])为（某事）恭维（某人）Amy complimented me on my new haircut.艾米对我的新发型赞不绝口。comply with [sb]'s orders v expr (obey [sb])遵守命令；遵循指令The journalist failed to comply with the judge's orders to reveal his sources.be comprised of [sth/sb] v expr (contain, be made up of)由…组成compromise [sb] vtr (jeopardize reputation, etc.)损害；危及The leader's connection with a known fraudster has compromised him.与知名诈骗犯的瓜葛危及了那位领袖。con [sb] vtr informal (trick, swindle) (口语)欺骗The suspect apparently conned a number of elderly people.嫌犯显然欺骗了数名老年人。con [sb] into doing [sth] v expr informal (trick [sb] into doing [sth])骗某人做某事My friends conned me into going to see a musical.朋友骗我去看了一出音乐剧。con [sb] out of [sth] v expr informal (swindle money from [sb])从…手中骗走…The criminal conned one of his victims out of ten thousand dollars.罪犯从自己的一位受害者手中骗走了一万美金。concede [sth] to [sb] vtr (surrender, give)交出The defeated king conceded the territories to the enemy.concede [sth] to [sb] vtr (advantage: lose, let go)让步The presidential candidate conceded the race to his rival.concede [sth] to [sb] vtr (goal, match: lose)输掉Our high school baseball team played well, but conceded the championship to our rivals.conceive [sb] vtr (become pregnant with)怀（孕）；怀（胎）She conceived her first child before her marriage.她婚前就怀上了第一个孩子。concentrate on [sth/sb] vi + prep (focus your attention on)专注于；集中注意力于I can't speak with you now; I have to concentrate on this reading.我现在不能和你聊天，我得专注于这篇阅读。concentrate [sth/sb] vtr often passive (group together)集中；聚集That ethnic group is concentrated in this part of the city.该族群聚居在城市的这个部分。concern [sb] vtr (affect [sb])影响；涉及；涉及This is an issue that concerns everyone.这问题会涉及每一个人。concern [sb] vtr (trouble [sb])让...担心；让...担忧；让...忧虑His health really concerns me.我很担心他的健康情况。concern [sth/sb] vtr (be about, regarding)关于My question concerns your recent statements about foreign policy. The article concerning environmental issues can be found on page 2.我的问题是关于你近期对于海外政策所发表的言论。那篇关于环境问题的文章被刊载在第2页。concern [sb/sth] vtr (involve)关...的事；涉及；跟...有关This doesn't concern you.这不关你的事。conciliate [sb] vtr (placate)安抚；劝慰Management has offered a pay rise in an effort to conciliate the angry workforce.concuss [sb] vtr (injure to the head)使…脑震荡The sudden impact concussed Shawn.condemn [sb] to [sth] vtr (law: pass sentence on)宣判The defendant was condemned to life imprisonment.condemn [sb] vtr (law: pass sentence on) (法律)宣判，判决The judge condemned the murderer.condemn [sb/sth] vtr (morally disapprove of) (道德上)谴责，责备On what grounds does the church condemn this man?condemn [sb] for [sth] vtr (morally disapprove of)因某事谴责某人The school condemned Lisa for her wild behaviour.condemn [sb] to [sth] vtr figurative (doom, destin)置于…境地The crew's abandonment of the man on the island condemned him to death.condescend to [sb] vi + prep (be patronizing)向...摆出屈尊俯就的样子，带着居高临下的态度对待；狗眼看人低地My professor doesn't hesitate to condescend to anyone who has a question.condition [sb], condition [sb] to do [sth] vtr (brainwash, affect behaviour)使适应；使有准备；使习惯于Politicians are conditioning the people to accept the policy.政客们在让人们做好心理准备，好接受这一政策。condole with [sb] vi + prep obsolete (offer sympathy)向…表示同情；慰问conduct [sth/sb] vtr (musicians: lead) (乐队)指挥He conducted the orchestra.他指挥过这个交响乐队。conduct [sb] vtr formal (bring, guide [sb])带领；引导；引领The officer conducted the prisoner to his cell.conduct business with [sb] v expr (have commercial dealings with [sb])与...做生意；与...有生意来往confabulate with [sb] vi formal (chat)与...交谈confer with [sb] vi + prep (consult, discuss with)与…商量；与…协商；与…协商One should confer with one's spouse before making large purchases.confer [sth] on/upon [sb] vtr (give or bestow [sth])给...授予；将...赋予The president conferred the medal of honor upon the soldier.confess [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (admit guilt to [sb])向…供认；向...坦白Dwight confessed his guilt to his pastor.德怀特向他的牧师坦白了自己的罪责。confess [sth] to [sb] vtr (admit: sins to a priest)向…忏悔Sophia confesses her sins to her priest frequently.索菲亚经常向自己的牧师忏悔她的罪孽。confide in [sb] vi + prep (tell a secret)向…吐露秘密I will confide in you because I know I can trust you.confide [sth] to [sb] vtr (secret: tell)将...向...坦白； (指秘密)对...说出Monica confided the truth to her best friend.confine [sb] vtr (keep in captivity)关押，囚禁；幽禁，禁闭The prisoners were confined for up to 20 hours a day.囚犯每天关押时间最多20小时。confirm [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (acknowledge to)向...确认...The hotel confirmed my booking to me by email.酒店通过电子邮件的方式向我确认了预订事宜。confirm [sb] vtr usu passive (undergo religious confirmation) (宗教)给…施坚信礼He was confirmed in a church service.confiscate [sth] from [sb] vtr (seize, take away)没收A customs officer confiscated the cheese from Rodney.confound [sb] vtr (confuse)混淆，使混乱；把…搞糊涂，使困惑The complicated film confounded the audience.Confound [sb/sth]! interj formal (mild curse: expressing irritation)该死Confound this terrible weather!confront [sb/sth] vtr (oppose, face [sth])与...对质；直面Neil was reluctant to confront his boss about the problem.尼尔不想就那个问题与老板对质。confront [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (make [sb] face up to [sth])用...与...对峙，用...质问...；用...与...当面对证Ursula confronted her friend with proof of her betrayal.乌尔苏拉用她背叛的证据质问她的朋友。confuse [sb] vtr (bewilder)使困惑；把…弄糊涂It confuses me when you give so many instructions all at once.你一下子给我那么多指示，把我都弄糊涂了。confuse [sth/sb] with [sth/sb] vtr (mistake)把...误认为...；把...错当成...I confused Sharon with her mum on the phone last night: she wasn't pleased.我昨天晚上在电话上把莎蓉错当成她妈妈的，弄得她不太高兴。confuse [sth/sb] vtr (mistake)混淆；把...搞错Eddy and Sid are twins, so people often confuse them for one another.艾迪和西德是双胞胎，所以人们经常混淆他们两人。congratulate [sb] vtr (express joy for [sb])祝贺When her baby was born, everyone congratulated Kayla.congratulate [sb] on [sth] vtr (express joy for [sb])祝贺Everyone congratulated us on our stroke of luck.conjugate [sb] vtr archaic (join, esp in marriage) (尤指婚姻)结合conk [sb] vtr informal (strike on the head)重击...的头部conk [sb] on the head v expr informal (strike on the head)敲...的头connect [sth/sb] vtr figurative (bring together) (比喻)连接；把…联系在一起The Internet connects people all over the world.互联网将世界各地的人联系在一起。connect [sb] vtr (telephone: put [sb] through)为…接通电话；为...转接电话"I'd like to speak to the Sales Department." "Please hold while I connect you."“我想找销售部门。”“在我为您转接电话的过程中，请不要挂机。”connect with [sb] vi + prep (associate)与...建立联系；认识I really hate the job, but it will allow me to connect with some very influential people.connect with [sb] vi + prep figurative (form a rapport)与...相连；与...合作Samantha connected with Ryan as soon as they met; they have so much in common.be connected with [sb] adj + prep (have an association with [sb])与…联系He said that he was not connected with Eva anymore, but I saw a text message from her on his phone.connive with [sb] vi + prep (conspire, plot with [sb])共谋；密谋conquer [sb/sth] vtr (military)征服Early colonists attempted to conquer indigenous peoples.早期殖民者曾试图征服当地土著居民。conquer [sb/sth] vtr (defeat)击败；打败The university's baseball team conquered the rival team in the tournament.be conscious of [sth/sb] v expr (aware)知道…的；意识到…的He was conscious of the people around him, but did not acknowledge them.他知道周围有人，不过并没有朝他们示意。be conscious of [sth/sb] v expr (self-conscious about [sth])对...在意的；对...敏感的He was conscious of his big feet, so he avoided dancing.他很在意自己那双大脚，所以会避免跳舞。conscript [sb] vtr (call to military service)征召；征募Many young men were conscripted for the war.consecrate [sth] to [sb] vtr (dedicate, devote)将...奉献给；将...献祭给The new mother vowed to consecrate her life to her child.consider [sb/sth] [sth] v expr (with a noun: judge)认为；把…看作Shani is considered a good student.萨尼是公认的好学生。consider [sb/sth] to be [sth] v expr (with a noun: judge as [sth])评判；认定；认为I consider my actions that day to be a mistake. Many consider Mozart's "Requiem" to be his masterpiece.我认为我那天的行动是个错误。consider [sb/sth] to be [sth] v expr (with an adjective: judge)评判；认为Many people today consider corporal punishment to be wrong.如今许多人认为体罚是错的。consign [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (goods: send, ship)将...寄送给The package was consigned by mail to Mary.consign [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep (banish, relegate)把…发配到；将...流放到The former emperor was consigned to life on a remote island.这位前帝王被终生流放到一座遥远的小岛上。consign [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (entrust)将...分派给；将...委派给；将...交付给Before I moved abroad, I consigned my assets to my cousin.console [sb] vtr (comfort emotionally)安慰；劝慰；抚慰Try to console the children while I cook something.constipate [sb] vtr (make digestion sluggish)使…便秘constipate [sb] vtr figurative (make slow or sluggish) (比喻)使…缓慢；使…迟钝constrain [sb] to do [sth] v expr (force, restrict [sb])迫使（某人）做（某事）；约束（某人）被迫做（某事）I would love to work abroad, but my family responsibilities constrain me to stay in this country.我希望能在境外工作，但我的家庭责任迫使我不得不留在这个国家里。constrain [sb] from doing [sth] v expr (hold [sb] back legally)限制 （某人）做（某人）；约束（某人不准其）做（某事）The contract constrained the author from hiring a new agent.作者受到合同约束，不能雇佣新经纪人。constrict [sb] vtr figurative (limit, restrict)限制Pauline's parents were very strict and constantly constricted her.consult [sb] vtr (discuss with [sb])与...商量；请教Have you consulted a doctor about your stomach pain?consult with [sb] vi + prep (confer)与…商议；与…商量；与…商量We have to consult with the partners before we make a major decision.consume [sb] vtr (obsess, take over)支配；控制；影响The fear of being in a plane crash consumed her.contact [sb] vtr (get in touch with)与…联系You should contact your doctor if you get a high fever.如果发高烧，应该与医生联系。contemn [sth/sb] vtr rare (scorn) (罕见用法)鄙视，蔑视contend against [sb] vi + prep formal (oppose, esp. legally)与…抗争；与…斗争contradict [sth/sb] vtr (say the opposite of)反驳；否定Don't embarrass him by contradicting him in public.contrarily to [sth/sb] adv (unlike, in an opposite way to)与...相反地control [sth/sb] vtr (restrain)控制The police struggled to control the crowd.警方尽力控制人群。control [sb/sth] vtr (direct)指挥；指教；指教The manager controls the employees under him.该名经理负责管理手下的员工。control [sb] vtr (manipulate: person)控制；操控He left his girlfriend because she tried to control him too much.be controlled by [sb] adj (person: be manipulated by [sb])被控制的Stacy is controlled by her husband; she will do anything he wants her to do.convene [sth/sb] vtr (summon: a group of people)召集The president convened a meeting of the members of the board.converse with [sb] vi (talk, have a discussion with [sb])交谈Mary wants to improve her Spanish so that she can converse with anyone she meets.convert [sb] vtr informal (persuade) (信仰、党派或意见等)改变；说动I know you feel strongly about it, but you'll never convert me.我明白，你对这件事有很强的感情，但你是无法说动我的。convert [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (change [sb]'s mind)使…转而接受Luke converted Sheila to the merits of jogging every morning.卢克使茜拉转而接受每天早晨慢跑的好习惯。convert [sb] vtr (make [sb] change religion)使...改变宗教信仰The missionaries intended to convert as many people as possible.convert [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (make [sb] adopt new religion)使...接受新宗教信仰Because she was worried about my soul, she kept trying to convert me to her religion.convict [sb] vtr (of a crime)被判处犯有...罪；被定...罪Danny was convicted of armed robbery.丹尼被判处犯有持械抢劫罪。convince [sb], convince [sb] of [sth] vtr (persuade)使确信；说服He had finally convinced his customers of the advantages of his product.他终于让客户相信了他产品的优点。convince [sb] [sth], convince [sb] that [sth] vtr (make [sb] believe [sth])使…信服；使…相信；说服某人相信The jury had been sceptical, but the evidence convinced them the defendant was not guilty.Reading the manifesto convinced me that this was the party I wanted to vote for.convince [sb] to do [sth] vtr (influence to act)说服某人做某事A letter from his mother convinced him to come home after years abroad.convoy [sb] vtr (military: accompany) (军事)护卫，护送；为…护航The unit was asked to convoy the general on his way to the airport.convulse [sb/sth] vtr ([sth]: cause to shake violently)剧烈震动；剧烈摇晃Sobs convulsed the grieving widow's body.coo over [sb] vi + prep figurative (baby: admire fondly)轻柔低语Brandy cooed over the new baby.cook [sb]'s goose v expr figurative (cause to fail)搞砸机会；弄糟cooperate with [sb/sth], co-operate with [sb/sth] vi + prep (act with)与...合作，与...协作The witness would not cooperate with the investigation.coopt [sb], co-opt [sb] vtr (take in as a member)增补...为新成员，认命coordinate with [sb], co-ordinate with [sb] vi + prep (work together with)与...配合；与...合作I coordinated with Mr. Smith's secretary to arrange a business lunch.我与史密斯先生的秘书配合，安排一次商务餐。copy [sth/sb] vtr (imitate in manner or looks)模仿；效仿He tried to copy his friend's attitude and friendly manner.copycat [sb/sth] vtr informal (mimic [sb], [sth])模仿Thousands of girls copycatted the singer's fashion.corner [sb] vtr (drive into a corner)把…逼到角落He cornered the girl so she couldn't get away.他把那个女孩逼到角落里，让她无法逃脱。corner [sb] vtr figurative (leave no other option)使…毫无选择；使…陷入困境I can't believe you gave her money! She cornered me; I didn't have a choice.corral [sth/sb] vtr figurative (round up, gather) (比喻)聚拢, 集拢The children were impossible to corral.correct [sb], correct [sb] for [sth] vtr dated (punish) (过时用语)因...而惩罚，因...而惩治Mrs. Reed frequently had to correct Jane for her bad behaviour.丽德夫人常常要惩罚简的不良行为。correspond with [sb] vi + prep (write to)与某人通信She chose to correspond with him via email.corrupt [sb] vtr (deprave) (人)使腐化； (人)使堕落； (人)使变坏My mother was afraid that bad company would corrupt me.我妈妈担心交友不慎会使我堕落。corset [sb] vtr figurative (restrict severely)对…严加限制； (比喻)给...穿上紧身衣The strict rules corseted the students.cosh [sb] vtr UK (hit over the head)用棍棒击打…的头部The thug coshed the man and ran off with his wallet.cosset [sb] vtr (spoil, pamper)娇纵；惯养；宠爱cost [sb] [sth] vtr (be sold to [sb] for)成本为；价格为This dress cost me $50.这条裙子花了我50美元。costume [sb] vtr usually passive (dress in a costume)给...穿上戏服The dancers were costumed in silver and black.舞蹈演员们穿着银黑两色的演出服。cote [sth/sb] vtr archaic (pass by)超过，优于counsel [sb] vtr (treat with talk therapy)为...提供咨询；给...提建议Trained professionals were available to counsel victims of the tragedy. My sister counsels children who are having difficulty in school.有受过训练的专业人士可为事故受害者提供咨询。我妹妹为学习有困难孩子提供咨询。counsel [sb] vtr (advise)为...提供建议Mrs. Shannon counseled her students on how to get into art school.夏农夫人为自己的学生们提供建议，教他们如何申请上艺术学校。count [sb] up, count up [sb] vi + adv (add, total)算出…的总数，数出…的总数The tour guide counted up the tourists as they got back on the bus.游客们回到车上后，导游数出了人头总数。count [sth/sb] vtr (consider)看作；认为I count you among my best friends.count against [sb] vi + prep (be detrimental)（被）认为对…不利His criminal record will count against him when he starts applying for jobs.countermand [sb] vtr (give second order)给...下达新命令counterpoise [sb/sth] vtr (oppose, balance out)平衡...couple with [sb] vi + prep (have sex)与…同床；与…发生性关系He remarked that the people there had no sense of decency, and would couple with one another in public, whenever they felt the urge.他评论说，那里的人不讲一丝体面，只要欲望上来了，就可以当街与人发生性关系。courier [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (deliver [sth] to [sb/sth])把...递送给...；把...快递给...If you need a signed copy right away, our company will courier it to you.如果你立马需要一份签名副本，我们公司可把副本快递给你。court [sb] vtr dated (pursue [sb] romantically)追求；向…求爱He courted her in the most gentlemanly manner.他以最绅士的方式追求她。courtesy of [sb/sth] prep (provided by)由…提供The posters are courtesy of the Minister for Tourism.cover [sth/sb] vtr (hide, protect [sth], [sb])盖住；遮住；保护Cover your body so you don't feel the cold air.盖住身体，这样你就不会感觉到冷了。cover [sth/sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (conceal, protect [sth], [sb])用…覆盖；用…遮盖When we painted the ceiling we covered the furniture with old sheets.当粉刷天花板时，我们用旧床单盖住家具。cover [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative (lavish with praise, etc.)给予…大量（赞扬等）Critics covered the writer with praise after the publication of his first novel.这位作家的首部小说出版之后，评论家们对他大加赞赏。cover [sb] vtr (protect with a gun)火力掩护Cover me while I run to the next bunker.cover [sb] vtr US (sports: guard) (体育)防守；盯防He did an excellent job covering their star player and they won the game.cow [sb] vtr often passive (intimidate)威胁；恐吓This politician is steadfast and does not allow his opponents to cow him.cowhide [sb], cow-hide [sb] vtr (whip with cowhide)用牛皮鞭抽cozen [sb] vtr (deceive, trick)欺骗；哄骗cradle [sb/sth] vtr (hold, coddle)轻轻抱着；怀抱The little girl cradled the kitten in her arms.小女孩怀抱着那只小猫咪。cradle [sb/sth] vtr figurative (hold, contain)怀抱；环绕High mountains cradle the valley on all sides.cram-full of [sth/sb], cram-full with [sth/sb] adj + prep (packed with [sth/sb])挤满...的, 塞满...的The 8 a.m. train was cram-full of commuters.cramp [sb]'s style v expr informal (hinder [sb])束缚...的风格；限制...的发挥Fred complained that having to take his little brother with him would cramp his style.crash into [sb/sth] vi + prep (collide violently)撞上；撞到A drunk driver crashed into the side of the house. The skier crashed into the other skier.滑雪选手撞上了另外一位滑雪选手。醉驾司机驾车撞到了房子的一侧。crawling with [sth/sb] adj + prep figurative (very crowded with)挤满了…的；遍布…的In summer, the city centre is crawling with tourists.crazy for [sb], crazy about [sb] adj + prep slang (infatuated)对（某人）着迷的；迷恋（某人）的She thinks about him all the time because she is crazy for him.她无时无刻不在想着他，因为她对他很着迷。cream [sb] vtr US, figurative, slang (defeat soundly)完胜；彻底打败We totally creamed the other team, who didn't even score!crease [sb] up vtr UK, informal (make [sb] laugh)把...逗笑；让...发笑credit [sth] to [sb] vtr (attribute: [sth] to [sb])将某事归功于某人She credits her creativity to her mother, a renowned painter.她母亲是一位出名的画家，她将自己的创造力归功于母亲。cremate [sb] vtr (incinerate the dead body of)火葬；火化The undertaker will cremate the deceased before the funeral.crib from [sb/sth] vi + prep UK, informal (cheat in an exam)抄袭I failed the test because Jill wouldn't let me crib from her.因为吉尔不让我抄袭她的答案，所以我没及格。criminalize [sb], also UK: criminalise [sb] vtr (treat [sb] as a criminal)将…当罪犯对待cripple [sb] vtr (person: physically)使跛；使瘸；使成残废The gunshot crippled Ben, who never walked again.那一枪打瘸了本，让他再也不能走路了。criticize [sb], also UK: criticise [sb] vtr (attack verbally, find fault in [sb])批评；指责Andrew's mother was always criticizing him for his poor grades.安德鲁的母亲总是批评他成绩不好。crock [sth/sb] vtr UK, slang (disable)弄坏；弄伤I crocked my knee in the match against our rivals.crook [sb] vtr slang (swindle) (俚语)诈骗，骗取，欺骗When Ruth realized that Mick was crooking her, she broke the contract.crook [sb] out of [sth] v expr slang (obtain from [sb] by swindling)从…手中骗走…；把…从…手中骗走The conman who knocked on my grandad's door managed to crook him out of his life savings.cross with [sb] adj + prep mainly UK (angry, annoyed with)生...的气；因为...而愤怒；对...发火She wasn't expecting her ex-boyfriend to be so cross with her.她没想到前男友会这么生她的气。cross [sb] vtr (make angry, oppose)反驳；反对Lucy has a bad temper, so don't cross her.露茜脾气不好，别招惹她。cross swords with [sb] expr (come into conflict with [sb])与…发生冲突； (比喻义)与…交锋cross [sb]'s/[sth] path, cross the path of [sb/sth] v expr (encounter)与...相遇；遇见；与...不期而遇cross-examine [sb], cross-question [sb] vtr (law: interrogate witness)反复询问，交叉询问cross-train [sb] vtr (make skilled at different tasks)交叉培训；交叉训练crowd [sb/sth] vtr (push, press forward)向...挤过去；向前推The fans crowded the celebrity in their eagerness to get close to her.粉丝们热切地想要接近自己的明星，向前挤了过去。crowded with [sth/sb] adj + prep (full of [sth/sb])充满着；挤满着On New Year's Eve, the town square was crowded with people.新年夜，市镇广场上挤满了人。crown [sb] vtr often passive (appoint to throne)给…加冕；立…为君主；正式承认某人为Elizabeth II was crowned in 1953.crown [sb] [sth] vtr figurative (award championship title to)为...授（冠军头衔）Anna spelled the last difficult word and the teacher crowned her 'Spelling Champion'.crown [sb] [sth] vtr often passive (appoint king, queen)给...加冕为...；使...成为君主Elizabeth Tudor was crowned Queen Elizabeth in 1559.crucify [sth/sb] vtr figurative (criticize harshly) (比喻)诋毁, 苛责The play closed shortly after the famous theatre critic crucified it in the newspaper.cruise past [sth/sb] vi + prep (pass by)驶过；游过I motioned to the taxi driver to stop, but he cruised past me.crush [sb] vtr figurative (upset)使…烦恼；使…崩溃；击垮Julie was crushed by the news that she hadn't got into the course she wanted to do.没能注册上自己想要注册的课程，这一消息击垮了朱莉。crush [sb] vtr figurative (hug with force)用力搂抱；紧紧抱住Shireen's dad crushed her affectionately in his arms.cry about [sth/sb] vi + prep (shed tears for)因为…而流泪The little boy was crying about being punished. What on earth are you crying about?小男孩因为受罚而流泪。你到底为什么哭？cry about [sth/sb], cry over [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (mourn, lament)为…难过；为…感到惋惜There is no point in crying about a situation you cannot change.没必要为你无法改变的现状难过。cry for [sb/sth] vi + prep (shed tears for)为…流泪；为…哭泣Please don't cry for me.cry for [sth/sb] vi + prep (call aloud for)哭喊着要；大声要求；大声呼叫The little boy cried for his mum when she left the room.She cried for help.cuckold [sb] vtr dated (be unfaithful to: one's husband) (女性)使...戴绿帽子The woman cuckolded her husband purely out of spite.cuddle [sb/sth] vtr (hug)抱住，搂住The mother panda is cuddling her baby.熊猫妈妈正搂着自己的宝宝。cudgel [sb] vtr (beat with a club)用棍棒打the cue for [sb] to do [sth] n (signal, prompt to action)提示某人做某事的信号When the hostess yawns, that is the cue for her guests to leave.当女主人打哈欠时，那就是提示客人离开的信号。cue [sb] vtr (prompt)给…提示，给…提词Holly asked Tom to cue her on her lines. Jill listened for the sound that cued her to start dancing.霍莉让汤姆给她提词。吉尔留神听着提示她开始跳舞的声音。cuff [sb] vtr informal (handcuff)铐住；给…戴上手铐The police cuffed the suspects and led them away.警察铐住嫌犯，将其带走。cuff [sb] vtr informal (hit)拍；打；用手掌打George cuffed me round the ear and told me not to be so rude.cumber [sth/sb] vtr rare (encumber) (罕见用法)妨碍, 拖累cup [sb] vtr (doctor: use cupping technique on)给...拔火罐，给…施杯吸法Physicians in medieval times cupped their patients to treat a variety of ailments.cure [sb], cure [sb] of [sth] vtr (heal of an illness)治疗...的...；治愈...的...How long did it take to cure you of that disease?治愈你的疾病花了多长时间？curry favor with [sb] (US), curry favour with [sb] (UK) v expr (ingratiate yourself)巴结；讨好See if you can curry favor with one of the directors.curse [sb/sth] vtr (cast an evil spell on)诅咒Witches in fairy tales are always cursing people.童话里的女巫总是喜欢给人下诅咒。curse at [sb], cuss at [sb] vi + prep US, informal (swear at: use obscene language)咒骂；对…骂脏话Perry cursed at the driver who swerved in front of him.佩里咒骂那个在自己面前突然转向的司机。curtains for [sb/sth] expr figurative, informal (death, disastrous end)对…来说就完蛋了；意味着…完蛋了If this gets into the wrong hands, it's curtains for the free world.如果这东西落入坏人手里，就意味着自由世界要完蛋了。cut [sth/sb] vtr (slice into [sth/sb])切开The doctor cut the patient to begin his surgery.医生下刀开始病人的手术。cut into [sth/sb] vi + prep (dig: into skin, etc.)切入；割进The handle of the shopping bag was cutting into his fingers.购物袋的提手割进了他的手指。cut [sb] vtr figurative (cause pain)使受伤, 伤害Your remark really cut me badly.cut [sth/sb] vtr (reduce quantity of [sth/sb])缩减；削减cut [sb] vtr (sports: remove from team)除名；开除cut [sb/sth] down to size expr (criticize, find faults)揭穿...的底细；挫挫…的傲气Rick was cocky at first, but his new teammates cut him down to size.cut [sb] in for [sth] vtr + adv (give [sb] a share)分一杯羹给After she won the money, she said she would cut me in for some of it.她赢得奖金后说她会分一杯羹给我。cut [sb] loose vtr + adj US, figurative, slang (fire from job)解雇；开除The company cut Alan loose for supporting the workers' strike.cut no ice with [sb] v expr figurative, informal (have no effect on [sb])对...没用；对...没意义cut [sb] off at the knees v expr figurative, informal (humiliate)使丢脸；蒙羞A man in the audience heckled the comedian, but her witty comeback cut him off at the knees.cut [sth/sb] open vtr + adj (body: dissect)切开The surgeon cut the patient's chest open.cut [sb] some slack, give [sb] some slack v expr informal, figurative (make allowances for [sb])放...一马；对...网开一面I'll have to cut my new employee some slack; this is all new to her.cut [sth/sb] to pieces v expr (slaughter)杀死；屠杀cut [sb] to pieces v expr figurative (upset) (比喻)口头上的讽刺，诋毁，中伤，将对方驳斥得体无完肤She cut me to pieces with her cruel remarks.她刻薄的中伤让我心碎。cut [sb] to the quick v expr (severely hurt [sb]'s feelings)切中要害；戳到痛处daft about [sth/sb] adj + prep mainly UK, informal (person: infatuated) (人)对…迷恋，狂热迷恋Becca is totally daft about the new guy at work.贝卡狂热迷恋公司里那个新来的人。dally with [sth/sb] vi + prep (trifle with)摆弄；玩弄dally with [sb] vi + prep (flirt with [sb] without serious intentions)与...调情；挑逗The rich gentleman spent his days dallying with beautiful young ladies.Damn [sb]! interj (anger, contempt) (表示愤怒、轻蔑等)该死的！他妈的！Damn him! He's such a jerk!他妈的！他就是个蠢材！damn [sb] vtr often passive (condemn)罚…入地狱受罪They were damned by the gods.他们被众神罚入地狱受罪。damn [sb/sth] with faint praise v expr (criticize by praising unenthusiastically)名褒实贬；用冷言冷语来表扬dandify [sb] vtr (make foppish)将…打扮得非常时髦dandle [sb] vtr (child: bounce on one's knee)（在膝上）颠着逗（小孩）dangle [sth] in front of [sb], dangle [sth] before [sb] vtr + prep figurative, informal (offer as incentive)拿某物来诱惑某人；用某物来吊某人的胃口Dangle a raise in front of him and see what happens.The boss dangled extra overtime pay before the employees for working on the holiday.用加薪来吊他的胃口，看看会怎样。 // 为了让雇员节假日上班，老板拿额外加班费来诱惑大家。dare [sb] to do [sth] v expr (challenge)挑战某人做某事，刺激某人做某事I dared him to repeat the insult to my face.我让他亲自当面来骂我，看他敢不敢。dare [sb] vtr (challenge)挑战Knock on that door! I dare you!敲门啊！我赌你不敢！darken [sb]'s doorstep, darken [sb]'s door v expr figurative, disapproving (come to [sb]'s house)上...的门；登门拜访Get lost, and don't ever darken my doorstep again!dash by [sb/sth] vi + prep (rush past)飞驰而过；掠过date [sb] vtr mostly US (romantic)与...约会Alex is dating Pat.亚历克斯在和帕特约会。date [sb/sth] vtr informal (show age)使…显老；使老气The fact that she remembers commercials from the 70's really dates her.她还记得70年代的商业广告，这个事实暴露了她的年龄。daunt [sb] vtr usu passive (intimidate)威吓；恐吓；吓唬Jessie was daunted by the idea of living with her parents again.dawn on [sb], dawn upon [sb] v expr figurative (become apparent)使...顿悟；使...突然理解All of a sudden, the enormity of what I had done dawned on me.[sb]'s day n (past era)时代；时期In Caesar's day people used to wear togas.在凯撒的时代，人们穿的是罗马长袍。[sb]'s days npl (remaining lifetime)…的余生When I retire, I would like to live out my days in a cottage near the sea.退休之后，我想要在一间海边的小屋里度过自己的余生。daydream about [sth/sb] vi + prep (fantasize about)幻想；空想I frequently daydream about living in a warmer climate.[sb]'s days are numbered expr (person will die soon)某人将不久于人世[sb]'s days are numbered expr (person will lose position soon)某人在位的时间不多了daze [sb/sth] vtr (stun)使…恍惚；使…迷茫；使…惶惑The boxer dazed his opponent with a right hook.daze [sb] vtr figurative, usually passive (dazzle)使眼花缭乱，使目眩神迷； (强光等)使眼花，使目眩，耀眼Ursula was dazed by the view from the top of the mountain; it was spectacular.dazzle [sb/sth] vtr (light: blind temporarily) (光)刺眼，炫目The glare of the oncoming car's headlights dazzled Polly.不断驶来的车辆灯光炫目，刺得波利眼花缭乱。dazzle [sb] vtr figurative (amaze)使眼花缭乱；使目眩神迷；使倾倒The glamour of the show business lifestyle dazzled Mark.演艺界纸醉金迷的生活让马克神魂颠倒。dead against [sb/sth] adj + prep informal (totally opposed to)坚决反对I wanted to go to Art School, but my parents were dead against it.a dead ringer for [sb] n slang (person: identical to [sb]) (俚语)跟另一人极像的人He was a dead ringer for the President, and made a good living impersonating him.他长得跟总统简直一模一样，以模仿总统为生，过得还挺不错。deadname [sb] vtr (use former name)使用弃用名；启用弃名deafen [sb] vtr (damage the hearing of)使…变聋；使听不见；损害听力Years of being around loud machinery had deafened Eric.deafen [sb] vtr figurative (subject to loud noise) (比喻)令...震耳欲聋Must you deafen us with that awful music of yours?deal [sb] in vtr + adv (include [sb] in card game) (扑克游戏中)算...一个，让...一起玩I want to play this hand; can you deal me in?deal [sb] in vtr + adv US, figurative, informal (include [sb])包括某人，把某人算在里面deal [sb] out vtr + adv US, informal, figurative (not include)不带；不算；不加dealings with [sb/sth] npl (business transactions)和某人的买卖；与某人的交易His dealings with the company were conducted in secret.他与公司的交易是秘密进行的。dealings with [sb] npl informal (interaction)和某人的交往In all my dealings with her, Maria has always been kind and helpful.在整个交往过程中，玛利亚一直非常善良热心。Dearest [sb] expr written (written salutation)最尊敬的Dearest Liz, I am writing to tell you that I am well.dearest [sb] expr dated (term of affection)最亲爱的Dearest Kay, you know I love you.debar [sb] vtr (deny admission to)禁止...进入All minors will be debarred.debar [sb] from [sth] vtr (deny admission to)禁止...加入...The underage college students were debarred from the club.debase [sb] vtr (person: corrupt) (指人的品格等)腐蚀；侵蚀His years of working for a corrupt company have debased him.debate [sb] vtr (have formal debate with)与...辩论Julie had to debate the best speaker in the district.debauch [sb] vi (behave self-indulgently)堕落；放纵debauch [sb] vtr (corrupt by excess)使放纵；使堕落debilitate [sb] vtr (person: make weak)使…虚弱Helen's brush with the virus has debilitated her.debrief [sb] vtr (military: question) (军事)询问；质询You'll be debriefed by the ambassador after your return.decapitate [sb] vtr (sever [sb]'s head)砍…的头The prisoner was scheduled to be decapitated at dawn.deceive [sb] vtr (fool)欺骗；哄骗；蒙蔽Fred believed he was making a sound investment, but it turned out that a con man had deceived him.弗里德本以为自己的投资很可靠，最后却发现被骗子骗了。deceive [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (fool into doing)误导；蒙蔽The positive feedback I was getting from my boss deceived me into thinking I would get the promotion.我被老板的正面反馈所蒙蔽，认为自己会升职。decenter [sth/sb] (US), decentre [sth/sb] (UK) vtr (move [sth/sb] from center)去掉…的中心deck [sb] vtr slang (hit hard)用力击倒；打倒When a member of the crowd threw an egg at her, the politician turned around and decked him.那位政客被人群中抛来的鸡蛋打中，转身给了那个扔鸡蛋的人狠狠一拳。declare [sth/sb] [sth] vtr (with noun: proclaim to be)正式宣布某人为某事The judge declared Ben the winner.裁判宣布本获胜。declare [sth/sb] [sth] vtr (law: proclaim guilty, innocent) (法律)宣判，宣判某人The jury declared the defendant guilty.陪审团宣判被告有罪。declare yourself to be [sb] v expr (claim identity)声称自己是…He declared himself to be the long-lost son of the deceased, returned to claim his inheritance.他声称自己是死者失散已久的儿子，回来继承遗产。declare for [sth/sb] vi + prep (announce support for)公开支持declare against [sth/sb] vi + prep (announce opposition to)公开反对declare war on [sb/sth], declare war against [sb/sth] v expr (state intention to make war with)向…宣战France declared war on Prussia on July 19, 1870.On July 28th 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia.法国在1870年7月19日向普鲁士王国宣战。// 1914年7月28日，奥匈帝国向塞尔维亚宣战。decompress [sb] vtr (diver: put into decompression)给...减压We need to decompress the diver so he doesn't get the bends.decorate [sb] vtr (military: honor)授予荣誉The soldier was decorated for his honor in battle.decorate [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (military: honor with a medal)授勋The soldier was decorated with the purple heart.decoy [sth/sb] vtr (lure, trick)诱骗；引诱decoy [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (trick into doing)诱骗某人做某事The enemy decoyed the fighter pilots into shooting at unarmed missiles.dedicate [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (declare: in honor of [sb])将某物献给某人I would like to dedicate this award to my mother, who always believed in me.我要将这个奖献给我的母亲，感谢她一直以来在我身上倾注的信念。dedicate [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (book: inscribe) (指书籍等)题献给The author signed the fan's book and dedicated it "To dear Ellen."作家在为粉丝的书上签了名，题献给“亲爱的艾伦”。dedicated to [sb] adj + prep (inscribed to [sb]) (人)致...的；题献给...的The book was dedicated to the author's daughter.那本书是题献给作者的女儿的。dedicated to [sb/sth] adj + prep (monument, building opening) (建筑物、纪念碑等)敬献给…的Yesterday, the monument was dedicated to the thousands who died during the epidemic.就在昨天，纪念碑举行了落成仪式，敬献给数千名在瘟疫中丧生的人。dedicated to [sb]'s memory, dedicated to the memory of [sb] expr (in tribute)为纪念某人After Samantha died, her parents created a scholarship fund dedicated to their daughter's memory.deem [sb/sth] [sth] vtr formal (view as)认为，将…视为Gerald always insists on meeting his daughter's boyfriends to see if he deems them suitable.杰拉德总是坚持要见女儿的男朋友，看自己是否认为这些男孩适合。deem [sb/sth] as [sth] vtr + prep formal (view as)认为，将…视为The defence deemed the judge's verdict as very unfair.辩方认为法官的裁决非常不公。deem [sb/sth] to be [sth] v expr formal (view as being)认为The panel deemed Patricia to be suitable for the job and hired her.评审小组认为帕特里夏适合这一工作，并聘用了她。defame [sb] vtr (slander or libel)诽谤；中伤The article defamed the once-respected actor.defeat [sb] vtr (win: game)战胜；打败They defeated their opponents 3-2.他们3比2战胜了对手。defeat [sb] vtr (win: military) (军事术语)战胜；击败After seven years of battle, Caesar defeated the Gauls.defend [sth/sb] vtr (protect)护卫；防卫；保卫Who defended the fort when the troops left?部队走了，谁来保卫要塞？defend [sb] vtr (lawyer: represent) (司法)为…辩护How can a lawyer justify defending such an evil man?作为律师，怎么能心安理得地为如此邪恶的人辩护？defend [sb/sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep (protect)保护…不受…攻击Lisa defended her friend against the bully.Mark was unable to defend himself against his attackers.defenestrate [sb/sth] vtr formal (throw [sb] from window)把…从窗口扔出去The prince was defenestrated by one of his own servants.defenestrate [sb] vtr formal (remove [sb] from power)剥夺…的权力The politician was defenestrated as party leader.defer [sb] vtr US, usually passive (draftee: delay military service)使延期入伍；推迟…服兵役的时间Mark was deferred because he was in college.defile [sb] vtr archaic (sexually assault)性侵犯；性侵deflate [sb] vtr figurative, often passive (dishearten) (比喻)使…气馁，使…泄气Robbie was deflated by his bad grade on the exam.deflower [sb] vtr literary, euphemism (take the virginity of) (书面语，指代夺取女性童贞)辣手摧花，夺去…的贞操The king reserved the right to deflower any virgin in the land.deform [sb] vtr (maim, disfigure)使...毁容；使...残废The victim was horribly deformed by the accident.defraud [sb] vtr (cheat out of money)诈骗…的钱财Every year, thousands of elderly people are defrauded.defrock [sb], unfrock vtr (priest, church minister) (指牧师)解除...的神职，开除defund [sth/sb] vtr mainly US (remove financial support from)抽回资金；撤回资金defy [sth/sb] vtr (go against)反抗, 违抗, 违反The student defied the teacher's instruction to go to the principal's office and stayed in his seat.老师让那个学生去校长办公室报道，但学生坐着不动，违抗老师的指示。defy [sth/sb] vtr (resist)经受得住；顶得住；经得起Your argument defies all logic.你的论点完全没有逻辑。defy [sb] to do [sth] vtr (challenge)挑战某人做某事I defy you to tell the difference between these two products.我谅你分不出这两种产品之间的区别。degrade [sb] vtr (deprive of dignity)使...丧失尊严The workers complained that the new policy degraded them.degrade [sb] vtr (disgrace)使丢脸；使受侮They left feeling they had been degraded, and never returned.dehumanize [sb], also UK: dehumanise [sb] vtr (portray [sb] as less than human)非人化The article dehumanized the indigenous people and portrayed them as animals.dehumanize [sb], also UK: dehumanise [sb] vtr (deprive [sb] of humanity)去人性化；使丧失人性Miserable prison conditions dehumanized the inmates.dehydrate [sb] vtr (cause [sb] to lose water)使...脱水The hot temperatures dehydrated the hikers.deify [sb] vtr (worship as a god)将…奉为神灵；把…当做神来崇拜；神化deject [sb] vtr (demoralize)使…失去斗志；使…灰心delay [sb] vtr (cause to be late)耽搁；延迟Sorry, I was delayed by the traffic.对不起，我因为交通拥挤而耽搁了。delegate [sth] to [sb] vtr (task: entrust to [sb])把…委托给某人You need to delegate more routine tasks to your assistant.你需要把更多的日常任务委托给自己的助手。delegate [sb] vtr (person: appoint)委派…为代表；选派The governor delegated an assistant to the conference.总督委派了一位会议助手。delegate [sb] to do [sth] vtr (person: appoint)委派某人做某事；任命某人做某事The Swedish government delegated a minister to represent them at the event in London.瑞典政府委派了一名部长代表他们出席在伦敦举办的活动。delight [sb] vtr (make happy)使…高兴，使…喜悦，使…愉快The birthday presents Mary received certainly appeared to delight her.看起来玛丽收到的生日礼物肯定让她很高兴。deliver [sb] vtr (medical: assist birth) (医学)助产，接生The doctor delivered over 40 babies last year.去年，这个医生接生了40多个新生儿。deliver [sb] vtr (give birth to) (孩子)生下，产下The mother delivered her baby in a birthing pool.母亲在分娩池中产下了宝宝。deliver [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (liberate, rescue)将某人解救出；从某事中营救某人The commandos delivered the hostages from captivity.突击队队员将人质们解救了出来。deliver [sb], deliver [sb] to [sb] vtr (hand over)递送；交付The police delivered the child to her parents after she wandered off.delouse [sth/sb] vtr (remove lice from)从…除去虱子；给…去虱子delude [sb] vtr (mislead, fool)迷惑；蛊惑；哄骗The lawyer deluded the new clients about the actual possibility of winning the case.delude [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (mislead into doing [sth])骗...做Don't let the politicians delude you into thinking that the proposal is in the best interest of the country.deluge [sb] vtr figurative (inundate, overwhelm)淹没The number of demands on her time has completely deluged Melissa.deluge [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr figurative (inundate, overwhelm)淹没The office has been deluged with new business orders.demean [sb] vtr (debase)贬低…的身份；使自降身份；屈尊It demeans you to cave in to all of their demands.demob [sb] vtr UK, informal, abbreviation (demobilize) (demobilize的缩略形式)使复原, 遣散demobilize [sb], also UK: demobilise [sb] vtr (military: take [sb] out of action)让…复员Brian was demobilized when his mental state began to deteriorate.demonize [sb/sth], also UK: demonise [sb/sth] vtr (portray [sb], [sth] as evil)妖魔化The media has demonized the actor for his affairs.demonstrate against [sth/sb] vi + prep (protest publicly about)游行示威Protesters are demonstrating against the government.游行者向政府示威。；demoralize [sb], also UK: demoralise [sb] vtr (discourage [sb])使...沮丧；使…失望；使…士气低落The series of setbacks demoralized the team.demote [sb] vtr (reduce rank of: soldier, employee)使降职；使降级Ron was demoted for his poor performance.demote [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (reduce rank of: soldier, employee)降级Without warning, Chuck was demoted from manager to cashier.demotivate [sb] vtr (discourage)使无动力；使变消极denigrate [sb] vtr (disparage, put down)污蔑；诋毁；诽谤The newspaper article denigrated a man who was once highly respected in the community.denote [sb] vtr (signify)表示The star insignia denotes a general.denounce [sb] vtr (condemn)谴责The editorial denounced the candidate and advocated for his opponent.denounce [sb] vtr (inform on)告发；揭发He was denounced to the authorities for his secret political activities.denounce [sb] for [sth] vtr (inform on)检举The authorities denounced the official for corruption.denude [sth/sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (take [sth] away from [sth/sb])剥光...的...deny [sb] [sth] vtr (withhold [sth])拒绝给予They denied the teacher the use of their telephone.他们拒绝把电话给那位老师用。deny [sb] access vtr + n (not allow to enter)拒绝...进入I was denied access to the President's suite because I looked suspicious.deny [sb] access vtr + n (not allow to see, obtain)拒绝...访问I was denied access to my bank records because I had forgotten my password.depend on [sb] to do [sth], depend upon [sb] to do [sth] v expr (rely on [sb] doing [sth])依靠某人做某事；依赖某人做某事I depend on Barbara to drive me to the hospital each week.每周我都要靠芭芭拉开车送我去医院。dependence on [sth/sb] n (reliance)依赖Her dependence on his income made a divorce impossible.dependency on [sb] n (reliance on [sb]) (对人)依赖；依靠The kittens' dependency on their mother lasts only a few weeks.dependent on [sb] adj + prep (rely on [sb])依赖；依靠；对…依赖Margaret didn't want to be dependent on her son, but she found it difficult to do things for herself now she was older.玛格丽特不想以来自己的儿子，但现在她已年老，有的事情做起来困难。dependent on [sb] for [sth] adj (rely on [sb] for [sth])在...上依赖...；依靠...做...Elderly people are often dependent on their children or carers for help with their housework and shopping.老年人经常在家务和购物上依赖自己的孩子或护工。dependent on [sb] adj + prep (supported financially)靠...养的；依赖...供养的As I don't have a job, I'm dependent on my parents.因为我没有工作，所以靠我父母养着。deploy [sb] vtr (move into position) (军事活动)部署，调度The general deployed his troops.将军对部队进行了部署。deport [sb] vtr (exile from country)驱逐出境；遣返The woman was deported for working illegally in the country.depose [sb] vtr (remove from power)罢免；废黜After he was determined to be insane, the king was deposed.deprave [sb] vtr (corrupt, make immoral)使…腐化；诱使…堕落deprecate [sb] vtr (disparage, put down)贬低；轻视Derek is always laughingly deprecating himself.depress [sb] vtr (make sad)使压抑；使消沉；使沮丧The news of Karen's illness depressed me.deprive [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (deny, take away)使某人丧失某物；剥夺某人的某物Parents who deprive their children of affection often end up doing them lasting damage.剥夺自己孩子的爱的父母，常常会给孩子带来长久的伤害。deprogram [sb] vtr (undo brainwashing)给...反洗脑depute [sb] vtr (appoint as a deputy)委托；委任deputize for [sb], also UK: deputise for [sb] vi + prep (act for [sb])替…代行职务；为…代理Ursula will deputize for her boss while he is away.deputize [sb], also UK: deputise [sb] vtr (make [sb] deputy)让…代理；让…代行职务Wyatt was deputized after showing remarkable bravery.derange [sb] vtr (make crazy)使…精神错乱Years of drug usage deranged the rock musician.deregister [sb] vtr (remove from list)取消…的注册；将…从注册名单上删除deregister [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (remove from: list, etc.)将...从...注销deride [sb] vtr (ridicule, mock [sb])取笑；嘲笑Louie's co-workers mercilessly derided him.deride [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (ridicule [sb] for [sth])嘲笑Charles Darwin was derided by 19th century clerics for his theory of evolution.derogate [sb] vtr (disparage, denigrate [sb])贬低；贬损descend on [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (settle on, fall on)降临到...，落到...A blanket of snow descended on the town.descend from [sth/sb] vi + prep (living thing: have evolved from)是…的后裔；自...演化而来All humans descend from a common ancestor.deselect [sb] vtr (reject: candidate, etc.)否决；取消...资格After the scandal broke, the presidential candidate deselected his running mate.desensitize [sb], also UK: desensitise [sb] vtr (make [sb] less sensitive)使不敏感；使脱敏Years of therapy have helped to desensitize Laura.desensitize [sb] to [sth], also UK: desensitise [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (make [sb] less sensitive to [sth])使…对…麻木；使…对…不敏感Watching a lot of bloody movies may desensitize you to the shock of violence.desert [sb] vtr ([sb], [sth]: abandon)抛弃，离弃；放弃，离开After he lost his money, his friends deserted him.他没钱后，朋友们都纷纷抛弃了他。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 他决定弃船逃跑。deserve [sth/sb] vtr (be worthy of)值得；应得；配得上My daughter is a wonderful woman. Do you really think you deserve her?我女儿非常优秀，你真的觉得自己配的上她吗？designate [sb] vtr (appoint, nominate)指派，选派，委任；指定，把…命名为The ailing dictator has not yet designated a successor.designed for [sb/sth] adj + prep (aimed at, intended for)面向，针对They make films designed for the domestic market.desire [sb] vtr (feel sexual longing for)对…有性欲He says he loves her, but really he desires her.despair of [sb/sth] vi + prep (lose hope in [sb], [sth])对...感到绝望；对...不抱希望Brian had dropped out of school and refused to get a job; his parents were starting to despair of him. Sometimes, when I read the papers, I despair of humanity.布莱恩辍了学，拒绝参加工作；他父母开始对他感到绝望了。有时候读报纸上的新闻，让我对人性感到绝望。the despair of [sb] n (person, thing: cause of despair)令...感到失望的人或事物The rebellious girl was the despair of her teachers.despise [sb/sth] vtr (hate, have contempt for)蔑视；鄙视I despise hypocrisy.我鄙视伪善。despoil [sth/sb] vtr (rob, loot)夺取；抢夺destabilize [sb], also UK: destabilise [sb] vtr (make [sb] unstable)使…情绪处于崩溃边缘The sudden shock of her son's death destabilized Martha, and she was unable to get out of bed for weeks.destigmatize [sth/sb], also UK: destigmatise [sb/sth] vtr (remove shame from)去污名；消除耻辱destine [sth] for [sb] vtr + prep (intend, assign)给...指定destine [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (intend, assign)给...指定；给...注定Naomi's looks destined her for a career in fashion modelling.destined for [sth/sb] adj (intended)运往…的Most of the wine produced here is destined for export.destroy [sb] vtr (devastate emotionally) (情感上)摧毁，使...崩溃We can't tell him what's happened. It would destroy him.我们不能把发生的事告诉他，否则会让他崩溃的。destruct [sb] vtr mainly US (destroy)破坏；摧毁The aggressive cancer destructed Alex.detach [sth/sb] vtr (military: send on mission) (军事)派遣The commander detached a plane to search for survivors.detail [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep (assign [sth/sb] to do [sth])派；派遣detain [sb] vtr (keep waiting)耽搁；使滞留We were detained by our expectation that news would come soon.detain [sb] vtr (prevent from leaving)扣押；使不能离开Don't let me detain you, I know you have a plane to catch.detain [sb] vtr (police: keep in custody) (警方)扣押；拘留Two suspects are being detained by authorities.detect [sb] doing [sth] v expr (catch [sb] in the act of)当场发现；当场抓住I couldn't understand why I kept losing, then I detected my partner cheating.deter [sb] vtr (discourage)使...不敢；使...没有勇气；吓住Mark wanted to go to university, but the fees deterred him.马克想去上大学，可是高昂的学费吓住了他。deter [sb] from doing [sth] v expr (discourage from doing)吓得...不敢做...；使...不敢做...The large dog deterred trespassers from entering the property.那条大狗吓得侵犯者不敢进这处房地。detest [sth/sb] vtr (dislike intensely)厌恶；极其讨厌；厌憎I detest chicken because it's all we ever ate at home.detest [sth/sb] vtr (hate, abhor)憎恨；憎恶It's not healthy for you to detest someone so strongly.dethrone [sb] vtr (monarch: remove from power) (君主等)罢黜；废除；废…的位The queen's inner circle turned against her and hatched a plan to dethrone her.detract [sb]'s attention from [sth] v expr (distract [sb] from [sth])分散...对...的注意力Stop trying to detract our attention from what's really important.detrain [sb/sth] vtr (remove from a train)从火车上卸下detrimental to [sb/sth] adj + prep (bad for)对...不利的；对...有害的The scandal was detrimental to the politician's career.那件丑闻对那位政客的政治生涯不利。devalue [sb] vtr figurative (underappreciate)贬低；降低…价值Sam's bosses devalued him and he never got a promotion.devastate [sb] vtr figurative (crush emotionally) (感情上)压垮；使...崩溃We were devastated by the news of his death.develop into [sth/sb] vi + prep (become, evolve to be)深入探索Shaun has developed into an excellent tennis player.devil [sb] vtr mainly US (annoy, harass)纠缠；困扰；骚扰The journalists kept devilling the politician.记者们对那位政客纠缠不休。devolve to [sb/sth], devolve on [sb/sth], devolve upon [sb/sth] vi + prep formal (be transferred)转让；交给devote [sth] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (time, money, etc.: give) (时间、金钱等)把某物专用于...；把某物献给...Lucy devoted all her energy to making sure her business venture was a success.露西把自己所有的精力都献给了她的生意，确保自己的生意能取得成功。devote yourself to [sth/sb] v expr (dedicate yourself)将自己奉献给...My mother devoted herself to her children.我母亲把自己奉献给了孩子们。devote your life to [sth/sb] v expr (be totally committed: to a cause)献身于；全心致力Jeremy devoted his life to a vain cause.devoted to [sb] adj + prep (loyal to [sb]) (对人)对…忠贞的，对…忠诚的Fred is devoted to his wife.弗雷德对妻子忠贞不移。devoted to [sth/sb] adj + prep (committed)献身于，致力于；对...坚定的，对...专注的In spite of his parents' conservative outlook, Bob was devoted to liberal social causes.即便自己父母观念保守，鲍勃还是致力于自由主义的社会事业。devoted to [sth/sb] adj + prep (focused on [sth], [sb]'s work)专心于；致力于Alice is devoted to her work as a paediatrician.爱丽丝致力于儿科医生工作。devoted to [sb] adj + prep (religion: faithful)对...虔诚的devotion to [sb] n (attachment: to a person)热爱It was touching to see the children's devotion to their grandparents.diagnose [sb] vtr often passive (identify condition in)确诊Fiona had cancer, but it took several months for doctors to diagnose her.diagnose [sb] with [sth] vtr (identify condition in)诊断They diagnosed her with attention deficit disorder.dialogue with [sb], also US: dialog with [sb] vi + prep (discuss, negotiate)讨论；谈判The president sent the ambassador to dialog with local officials about the disputed territory.diaper [sb] vtr US (put a diaper on)给...垫尿布Helen diapered the baby before dressing him.dictate [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (terms: prescribe)规定We are not in a position to dictate terms to the administration.dictate [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (letter: say aloud)口述She dictated the letter to her secretary, who later typed it.diddle [sb] vtr slang (cheat, con)欺骗, 诈骗It turns out that I paid $150 more for the rug than it was worth; that market trader diddled me!diddle [sb] out of [sth] v expr often passive, slang (cheat, con)骗走某人某物；骗取某人某物Sophia was diddled out of two thousand dollars in a money transfer scam.diddle [sb] vtr US, slang, vulgar (have sex with)与…性交Did you diddle her on the first date?die on [sb] vi + prep informal (abandon [sb] by dying)死在…眼前"Don't you die on me!" she pleaded tearfully.“你可别丢下我，一个人死去！”她泪流满面地恳求。die for [sth/sb] vi + prep (give your life for a cause, person)为…而死I love my children so much, I would die for them.我很爱我的孩子们，我甚至可以为了他们而死。differ from [sth/sb] vi + prep (not be like)与…不同；不同于…This candidate differs from all the others.different from [sth/sb] adj + prep (not like)不同于…；和…不同；和…不一样My father's views on politics are different from mine.different than [sth/sb] adj + prep mainly US, colloquial (different from)不同于；和…不同；和…不一样different to [sth/sb] adj + prep UK, colloquial (different from)不同于…；和…不同；和…不一样differentiate yourself from [sth/sb] vtr (prove yourself unlike)使自己有别于How would you differentiate yourself from the six other people who have applied for this job?dig [sb] vtr informal (jab with elbow or finger)戳；捅Jason grinned and dug me in the ribs as if to say that he knew what I'd been doing.贾森笑着捅捅我的肋部，好像在说他知道我干了什么。digitalize [sth/sb], also UK: digitalise [sth/sb] vtr (medical: administer digitalis)给（病人）服用洋地黄diminish [sb/sth] vtr (belittle)轻视；看不起Don't diminish his efforts; he's doing his best.din [sth] into [sb] vtr (say repeatedly)向...唠叨；对...不停地说Our teacher dinned the times table into us.direct [sth] at [sb] vtr (aim, target)将某物瞄准某人；将某物对准某人The marketing campaign was directed at young women.营销活动瞄准的是年轻女性。direct [sb] vtr (guide, instruct) (人)指导；指挥The supervisor was directing a trainee to operate the machine.主管正指导一位实习生操作机器。direct [sth/sb] vtr (manage)管理；指挥The CEO directed the company.公司由首席执行官管理。direct [sb] vtr (command)命令；指挥；要求The teacher directed the students to study quietly while she stepped out into the hallway for a moment.老师要离开教室一会儿，要求学生们静静自习。direct [sth] at [sb] vtr + prep (address in speech)为...进行 (演说)The politician directed his speech at undecided voters.direct [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (address: a letter, package) (邮件等)将...寄给To whom shall I direct the letter?direct [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (aim: remarks) (评论等)把…针对You should direct your criticisms to the person responsible.你应该批评那个该负责任的人。direct [sb], direct [sb] to [sth] vtr (give directions)给…指示方向；为…指路Can you please direct me to the museum?你能告诉我博物馆在哪个方向吗？direct [sb/sth] away from [sth] v expr (point in different direction)引导…绕过The police were directing traffic away from the street where they were repairing the gas leak.direct [sb] vtr (actor)指挥（某个演员）；给…当导演He directed Peter O'Toole in "Lawrence of Arabia".direct [sb] to do [sth] v expr (command)指挥某人做某事；指示某人做某事The man directed his children to clean the house.direct [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (guide, instruct)在（某个方面）为…提供指导The trainer directed her in the best way to lift weights.direct [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (address in speech)对…讲（话）The professor directed his comments to the two noisy girls in the back of the classroom.direct access, direct access to [sb] n (without intermediary)直接接触某人的渠道；直接接近某人的渠道She has direct access to the prime minister.direct attention to [sth/sb], direct [sb]'s attention to [sth/sb] v expr (attract notice, highlight)使…密切注意；将注意力引向I'd like to direct your attention to the graph at the top of Page 5 in the report.我想将大家的注意力引向报告第5页顶部的图表。be directed by [sb] v expr (movie: have as director)由某人所导演；由某人执导'2001, A Space Odyssey' was directed by Stanley Kubrick.be directed by [sb] v expr (project: be coordinated by) (指项目等)由某人协调，由某人指导This book series was directed by the chair of the department.be directed by [sb] v expr (be controlled, ordered by)由某人下令，The bombing was directed by the top general in charge.dirk [sb] vtr Scot (stab using a dirk) (苏格兰)以匕首刺dis [sb/sth], diss [sb/sth] vtr slang (disrespect: speak ill of) (俚语)贬损；贬低Mark's always dissing this place, but I think they make a great hoagie.dis [sb], diss [sb] vtr slang (disrespect: speak rudely to)不尊敬；贬损Don't let him dis you like that!disable [sb] vtr (make disabled)使残疾；使伤残George's accident disabled him and now he has to use a wheelchair.乔治的事故让他成了残疾，现在他不得不坐轮椅出行。disabuse [sb] of [sth] vtr (disillusion, enlighten)使某人对...醒悟；让某人在...上觉醒The reality of the situation disabused Carl of his dreams of living abroad.disadvantage [sb] vtr (underprivilege)使…贫困We need to address the issues that disadvantage children raised in care.我们需要解决导致福利院儿童处于弱势地位的问题。disadvantage [sb] vtr (put at a disadvantage)使不利；使处于不利地位He was disadvantaged by an injury just before the game.他在临比赛前受了伤，处于不利地位。disaffect [sb] vtr usu passive (alienate)使…疏远；使…隔离起来disaffiliate with [sth/sb] vi + prep (end a connection with [sth/sb])与...脱离关系；退出...disagree with [sb] vi + prep (not agree)不同意...的看法；不赞成...的意见Fred thought they should go to a club, but George disagreed with him.弗莱德认为他们应该去俱乐部，但乔治不赞成弗莱德的意见。disagree with [sb] about [sth] v expr (not agree)不同意（某人）对（某事）的看法Alison disagreed with Mike about the best way to discipline their daughter.在如何最好地教育女儿这个问题上，艾莉森不同意麦克的看法。disagree with [sb] vi + prep (argue)与…争论；与…争执I disagreed with my last girlfriend frequently and quite vocally until we finally broke up.disagree with [sb] vi + prep figurative, informal (food: make ill) (食物)引起…身体不适，不适合I think those oysters disagreed with me - I've been vomiting all night long.disappear [sb] vtr informal (opponent: arrest, kill)谋害，刺杀；使消失，使不见The military junta disappeared Vigo's son Palomo.维果的儿子帕勒莫被小军团所刺杀。disappoint [sb] vtr (fail to fulfil wishes) (人)使...失望；使...扫兴William's grades disappointed his parents.威廉的成绩使他的父母感到失望。be disappointed in [sb] adj (dissatisfied with [sb])对某人失望的I was disappointed in her, she had promised to help us, but she did nothing.我对她很失望，她说好要帮我们，结果什么也没做。disapprove of [sth/sb] vi + prep (consider bad, unsuitable)不赞成；不认同Ella disapproves of her son's new friends.disarm [sb] vtr (take weapons from)收缴某人的武器；解除某人的武装The police disarmed the bank robbers.disarm [sb] vtr figurative (win over)说服，把…争取过来；使...放下戒备Carly's winning smile disarmed her critics.disbar [sb] vtr (lawyer: ban from working)取消...的律师出庭资格；将某律师除名；逐出法庭The attorney was disbarred for unethical conduct.disbelieve [sb] vtr (not believe [sb])不相信；怀疑I don't disbelieve you, but your story is a bit far-fetched.disburse [sth] to [sb] vtr (distribute, pay out)支付The university disburses stipends to qualifying students every month.discharge [sb] vtr often passive (release from hospital)准许...出院The doctor discharged the patient as soon as she was well enough to go home.病人一恢复健康，能够回家，医生就准许她出院了。discharge [sb] vtr (release from military service)使退伍；使退役The commanding officer discharged the soldier.指挥官让那名士兵退伍了。discharge [sb] vtr (fire from a job)开除；解雇The director discharged her assistant when she caught him stealing the petty cash.主管在发现自己的助理挪用现金时，解雇了他。discharge [sb] vtr (release from prison) (从监狱)释放The authorities discharged the prisoner.当局释放了囚犯。discharge [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (release from military service)使...从...退役；使...从...退伍The commanding officer discharged the soldier from military service.指挥官使那名士兵从兵役中退役。discharge [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (release from prison)释放...出狱The parole board discharged the man from prison.假释委员会决定释放该囚犯。discharge [sb] vtr (dismiss: a juror) (指陪审员)撤销...的资格The judge discharged one of the jury members because he knew the defendant.disciple, disciple of [sb] n (follower, student)信徒；门徒Rick considers himself a disciple of the famous guitarist.discipline [sb] vtr (child: punish)管教；训导；训诫James disciplined his daughter when he caught her pulling her friend's hair.詹姆士看到女儿拉扯自己朋友的头发，训导了他女儿。discipline [sb] vtr (train, instruct)训练；操练The parents prefer to discipline their children through praise and encouragement, rather than punishment.那对父母比起惩罚，更喜欢通过表扬与鼓励的方式来训练孩子。discipline [sb] vtr often passive (reprimand: an employee)惩戒；训诫Karen's employer had to discipline her because she kept making mistakes.Any student found cheating during exams will be disciplined.discipline [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (reprimand: an employee for [sth])因...惩戒...；就...训诫...The boss disciplined Gareth for always being late to work.discombobulate [sb] vtr (fluster or confuse)使困惑；使混乱；使不安discomfit [sb] vtr (perturb, disconcert)使困惑；使不安；扰乱The constant noise discomfited the baby.discomfort [sb] vtr (distress)使苦恼；使情绪低落These minor annoyances don't discomfort me.discommode [sb] vtr formal (inconvenience)给…带来不便；给…增添麻烦discompose [sb] vtr (disturb, perturb)扰乱…；使…不安disconcert [sb] vtr (trouble, perturb)使…困惑；使…受困扰disconnect [sb] vtr (switch off from supply of power, water, etc.)切断为某人的服务供应The phone company disconnected us because we didn't pay the bill.disconnect [sb] vtr usually passive (interrupt connection)中断和...的连接John continued talking to Paul for several minutes before he realized they'd been disconnected.discountenance [sb] vtr (put to shame)使…丢脸；使…蒙羞discourage [sb] vtr (dissuade) (人)阻拦；劝阻Simon was concerned about Maria driving home after drinking a bottle of wine and did his best to discourage her.玛利亚喝了一瓶红酒，要开车回家，西蒙很担心，尽力劝阻她。discourage [sb] from doing [sth] v expr (dissuade)劝阻...不要做...；阻止...做..Jane did her best to discourage her friend from drinking too much.珍尽全力劝阻自己的朋友，不要喝太多酒。discourage [sb] vtr (dishearten)使沮丧；使灰心丧气Don't tell him he's not as fast as his brother; you'll discourage him.不要对他说，他不如自己哥哥快，你会让他沮丧的。discourse with [sb] vi + prep (converse)与…谈话discover [sth/sb] vtr (find [sth], [sb])找到；发现The boys discovered a treasure chest on the island.孩子们在岛上发现了宝藏。discover [sb] vtr often passive (actor, talent: spot)发掘（人才、演员等）She was discovered at a local talent show.她是在当地的一个才艺秀上被发掘出来的。discredit [sb] vtr (damage reputation)诽谤；败坏…的名声The last mayor was discredited in a financial scandal.discriminate against [sb] vi + prep (show prejudice against)歧视It is illegal to discriminate against someone because of his or her age.discriminate in favor of [sb] v expr (show prejudice in favor of [sb])偏袒；袒护The referee seems to be discriminating in favor of the home team.discuss [sth] with [sb] vtr + prep (talk about with)和…讨论；与…探讨Peter agreed to discuss the matter with his father.彼得同意和父亲讨论这件事。disdain [sb] vtr formal (person: treat with contempt)鄙视；蔑视disembody [sb] vtr (free from physical form)使...脱离肉体；使...脱离实体disembowel [sb/sth] vtr (gut, eviscerate)取出…的内脏；除去…的内脏The wolf disembowelled several ewes.disempower [sb] vtr (take power away from [sb])剥夺…的力量，使…不再强大disenchant [sb] vtr (disillusion, disappoint)使…失望；使…失去兴趣；使…不抱幻想disencumber [sb] vtr (relieve of a burden)解除…的负担；使…摆脱烦恼disenfranchise [sb], disfranchise [sb] vtr (deprive [sb] of voting rights)剥夺…的选举权The nation's new totalitarian leader passed a law that disenfranchised women.disenfranchise [sb], disfranchise [sb] vtr (deprive [sb] of a right)剥夺…的权利The new law would disenfranchise minors from buying soda.disentangle yourself from [sth/sb] vtr + refl figurative (end involvement in [sth])摆脱纠纷；摆脱麻烦Alan was unable to disentangle himself from his family's problems.disesteem [sth/sb] vtr (hold in low regard)轻视；看低disfavor [sb] (US), disfavour [sb] (UK) vtr (dislike [sb])厌恶；对...不悦disfigure [sb] vtr (spoil the appearance of)破坏…的外表；让...毁容The acid attack disfigured several bystanders.disgrace [sb] vtr (dishonor)使某人丢脸，使某人颜面尽失；使某人羞耻John's own actions disgraced him.约翰的行为使自己颜面尽失。disgruntle [sb] vtr (displease, aggrieve)使…伤心；使…难过；使...不满disguise [sth/sb] as [sth/sb] vtr (alter appearance)将…假扮成，将…装扮成，将…伪装成The army disguised the soldiers as ordinary villagers.部队将士兵伪装成普通村民。disgust [sb] vtr figurative (offend morally)使厌恶；使反感；使憎恶Their treatment of their horses disgusted me.disgust [sb] vtr (revolt, nauseate)使作呕；使恶心The foul stench coming from the room disgusted us.dish the dirt on [sb] v expr figurative, slang (share gossip)聊…的八卦dishearten [sb] vtr (discourage)使…灰心；使…沮丧Jenny was disheartened by her poor grades this semester.dishevel [sb] vtr (give [sb] untidy hair)弄乱（某人的）头发；dishonor [sb] (US), dishonour [sb] (UK) vtr (bring shame upon)使…蒙受耻辱；使…丢脸You are no longer welcome to live in this house because your actions have dishonored the family.disillusion [sb] vtr (disappoint)使失望；使不再抱有希望；使理想等破灭The children were disillusioned when they found out that the Tooth Fairy wasn't real.disillusion [sb] vtr (disabuse, enlighten)使醒悟；使觉醒Don't disillusion the children when they're still so young; let them believe in Santa Claus.disincline [sb] to do [sth] vtr (make less willing)使不情愿；使无意于；使不愿意disinherit [sb] vtr (exclude from one's will)剥夺某人的继承权；取消某人的继承权Mr. Taylor disinherited his daughter when she married a man he didn't approve of.disinter [sb] vtr (body: dig up)挖掘出；挖出disinter [sth/sb] vtr figurative (reclaim from obscurity)使...重现；使...复活dislike [sth/sb] vtr (not like)不喜欢；讨厌David dislikes his job and is looking for another one.大卫不喜欢自己的工作，正在寻找新的工作。dislodge [sth/sb] vtr (remove)移走；移除；弄掉Tony was having trouble dislodging a piece of popcorn from his teeth.托尼牙齿里卡了一片爆米花，一直弄不掉。dismay [sb] vtr (sadden, upset) (人)让...气馁；使...灰心；使...伤心Luke's grades dismayed his parents.卢克的成绩让他的父母气馁。dismember [sb/sth] vtr (remove limbs)肢解"I think they should dismember the person who committed that grisly murder!" a man angrily exclaimed.dismiss [sb] vtr (sack, fire: an employee)开除；解雇When John's employers caught him stealing from them, they dismissed him immediately.当雇主发现约翰在挪用公款，便立马开除了他。dismiss [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (sack, fire: an employee)从（某岗位）上开除（某人）The board of governors dismissed Ellen from her job as school secretary because of her poor timekeeping.由于不守时，校董事会革除了艾伦作为学校秘书的职务。dismiss [sb] vtr (release, allow to leave)让…离开；遣散；解散The teacher dismissed the student once she had finished telling him off.老师教育完学生后，就让他离开了。dismiss [sb] vtr (disregard, not take seriously)不认真考虑At first, Robert thought Marilyn was just a silly young woman and simply dismissed her, but then he realised she was actually very intelligent.最初，罗伯特觉得玛丽莲就是个傻乎乎的年轻姑娘，根本就不把她当回事儿，但后来发现她其实非常聪明。dismiss [sb] as [sth] vtr + prep (disregard, not take seriously)把（某人）当做不需要严肃对待的...The police dismissed the caller as a time-waster.警察认为打电话来的人就是在浪费他的时间，于是草草打发了事。dismiss [sth/sb] from your mind v expr (give no more thought to)不再想某事；将...抛诸脑后I quickly dismissed the idea from my mind.我很快将那个想法抛诸了脑后。be dismissive of [sth/sb] v expr (treat with disdain)瞧不起；蔑视The professor is often dismissive of first year students.You wouldn't be so dismissive of the education tax if you had children in school.disobey [sb] vtr (person: not obey)不服从某人I was taught never to disobey my parents.disoblige [sb] vtr (not cooperate: with [sb]'s wishes)违背…之意；不满足…的愿望disorient [sb], also UK: disorientate [sb] vtr mainly US (confuse [sb] as to direction)使…丧失方向感；使…晕头转向disown [sb] vtr (reject, deny: [sb])与…断绝关系Jerry disowned his son when he stole a car.disparage [sb] vtr (speak badly of)贬低；轻视；非难；贬损You shouldn't disparage your boss; you never know who is listening.dispatch [sb] to do [sth], despatch v expr (employee: send to do)指派某人做某事；安排某人做某事Rose dispatched her assistant to deal with the delivery.罗斯安排自己的助手去处理递送事宜。dispatch [sth] to [sb], despatch vtr + prep (item: send)把...发送给We will be dispatching your purchases to you tomorrow.我们明天就把货发送给您。dispatch [sb], despatch vtr figurative, slang (person: kill)杀死The hit man dispatched his target.杀手杀死了自己的目标。dispense [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep formal (exempt)使免除；使免去Winning the lottery dispensed Julie from ever having to work again.dispirit [sb] vtr (discourage, dishearten)使…泄气；使…沮丧displace [sb] vtr (person: exile)迫使离开, 强迫搬离The famine has displaced entire villages.displace [sth/sb] vtr (replace, supplant)代替，取代；排挤，挤走Service industry jobs have displaced the old manufacturing ones.displease [sb] vtr slightly formal (make [sb] angry or disapproving)使…不快；使…不悦Fred knew from his teacher's sour expression that he had displeased her.dispose [sb] towards [sb/sth] vtr + prep (make inclined)使对...抱有某种态度；使对...持某种态度George's optimistic view of life disposed him towards cheerfulness.乔治对生活乐观的看法让他抱有欢快的态度。dispose [sb] to do [sth] v expr (make inclined)使某人有做某事的倾向；使某人有意于；使某人愿意做某事；让某人想做某事Elizabeth was normally a peaceful person, but the nonsense she heard at the meeting disposed her to argue.伊丽莎白多数时候是个平和的人，但她在会上听到的谬论让她想要争辩。dispossess [sb] vtr (make homeless)使…无家可归；把…撵出去dispossess [sb] vtr (banish)撵走...；驱逐...dispossess [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (deprive [sb] of [sth])剥夺某人某物dispraise [sb/sth] vtr (show disapproval)非议；非难disqualify [sb] vtr (rule out of competition)使丧失资格；使无资格；取消...的资格The judges disqualified the gymnast for going out of bounds.disqualify [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (rule out of competition)取消资格Although the team was strong, they were disqualified from the tournament because they didn't have enough players.disquiet [sb] vtr (trouble, worry)使…担忧；让…感到忧虑The tense atmosphere at the office disquieted the employees.disregard [sth/sb] vtr (ignore, forget)不理会；无视；漠视Sorry everyone. Please disregard my previous instructions; I'll tell you what you should do in a minute.各位，我很抱歉。请无视我之前的指示，我待会儿会告诉大家该怎么做。disrespect [sb] vtr (treat without respect)不尊敬；对…不敬How dare you disrespect your elders like that!disrespect [sb/sth] vtr informal (speak ill of)不尊重That editorial disrespects people of other cultures.disrespect [sb] vtr informal (speak rudely to)对...无礼Hank's mother chastised him for barging in and disrespecting her dinner guests.disrespectful towards [sb], disrespectful toward [sb] adj + prep (rude)对...无礼的He was disrespectful towards his mother when he yelled at her.dissatisfy [sb] vtr (displease, disappoint)使不满意；使失望disserve [sb/sth] vtr (do a disservice to)危害，损害dissimilar to [sb] adj + prep (different from [sb])与...不同的Randy is not as dissimilar to his father as he thinks.dissociate yourself from [sb], disassociate yourself from [sb] v expr (distance yourself from [sb])与某人脱离关系Diane eventually dissociated herself from her troublemaker friends.dissociate yourself from [sth], disassociate yourself from [sb] v expr (distance yourself from [sth])摆脱某事；从某事中脱身The nominee tried to dissociate himself from the racist remarks of his former friends.dissuade [sb] vtr (persuade [sb] against [sth])劝...不要做某事；劝阻某人做某事；阻止某人做某事He was determined to resign and there was nothing I could say to dissuade him.dissuade [sb] from [sth] vtr (persuade [sb] not to do [sth])劝阻It's impossible to dissuade Shawn from enlistment in the military.dissuade [sb] from doing [sth] vtr (persuade [sb] against doing [sth])劝诫Please dissuade him from taking that rash course of action.distance yourself from [sth/sb] v expr (keep away from)疏远；与…保持距离Preferring solitude, I distanced myself from the group.distance yourself from [sth/sb] v expr figurative (not associate with)疏远；让自己与...保持距离The candidate was advised to distance himself from his former wife.distance [sb] vtr (leave behind, outrun)与…拉开距离；遥遥领先于The Swedish runner had distanced everyone before the end of the first lap.distinguish [sb/sth] vtr (make out, see)看清；辨明The fog was so thick, Harry could hardly distinguish the road.浓雾弥漫，哈利几乎看不清路。distinguish [sb/sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep (see the difference between)辨别；分辨；将…与…区分开Some people find it difficult to distinguish right from wrong.有的人很难分辨是非。distinguish [sb/sth] vtr (make different)使特别；使与众不同Francesca's Italian accent is what distinguishes her.弗兰切斯卡的意大利口音使她与众不同。distinguish [sb/sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep (make different)使...不同于...；使...区别于...What distinguishes him from his colleagues is his unshakeable self-confidence.他不可动摇的自信使他不区别于自己的同事。distract [sb] vtr (divert [sb])使分心；打扰She's worried about her exam; we need to find some way of distracting her.她正担心考试，我们得想办法分散她的注意力。distract [sb] from [sth] vtr (divert [sb] from [sth])使某人从…分心Stop distracting me from my homework!别让我在做家庭作业时分心！distract [sb] vtr (divert: [sb]'s attention)分散…的注意力The TV in the corner of the restaurant kept distracting me.餐厅角落中的电视总是分散我的注意力。distract [sb]'s attention vtr (divert: [sb]'s attention)转移…的注意力The boy distracted the woman's attention while his friend picked her pocket.在朋友摸那位女士的包时，那个男孩负责转移她的注意力。distract [sb]'s attention from [sth] vtr (divert: [sb]'s attention)使某人从…分心The nurse talked to the baby to distract his attention from the injection.护士跟宝宝聊天来让宝宝从注射一事上分心。distress [sb] vtr (upset)使痛苦，使悲伤，使难过The news of his old friend's death distressed Bill.老友去世让比尔悲伤不已。distribute [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (hand out)把某物分发给某人The teacher distributed handouts to everyone in the class.老师给班上所有人分发讲义。distribute [sth] among [sb/sth] vtr + prep (divide, share)将某物分配给某人The estate was distributed equally among the four children.房产被均分给了四位孩子。distrust [sb/sth] vtr (be suspicious of)怀疑；质疑His nervousness and appearance made me distrust him.disturb [sb] vtr (interrupt: [sb] busy) (人)打扰，打搅，干扰The professor went home to work, as her students kept disturbing her in her office.因为不堪受学生来办公室打扰，教授就回家工作去了。disturb [sb] vtr (upset, trouble) (人)使...心神不安；使...烦恼；使...心烦意乱The boss's strange behaviour was starting to disturb George.老板奇怪的举止开始使乔治心神不安。disunite [sth/sb] vtr (separate)分裂；使…分离ditch [sb] vtr figurative, informal (leave: a lover) (恋人)甩掉，分手Harry found he was arguing with his girlfriend all the time, so he ditched her.哈里发现自己总是和女友争论不休，所以甩掉了她。ditch [sb] vtr informal (evade, leave behind)丢下；留下Janet ditched her younger brother and went off to meet her friends.珍妮特丢下弟弟不管，去和朋友见面了。dive-bomb [sth/sb] vtr (attack with steep dive)俯冲轰炸divert [sth/sb] vtr (reroute)使绕路；使绕行Police diverted traffic while they cleared the road after the accident.事故发生后，警察指挥车辆绕路行驶，以便清理路面状况。divert [sb] vtr (amuse) (人)给...提供娱乐；使…有所消遣The clown diverted the children during the party.小丑在聚会上给孩子们提供娱乐。divert attention from [sth/sb] v expr (distract from)使分心；转移...上的注意力The Prime Minister's speech on immigration was an attempt to divert attention from more serious issues.总理就移民问题的讲话是为了将民众的注意力从更严重的问题上转移开来。divest [sb] of [sth] vtr dated (remove clothing) (衣服)给…脱去May I divest you of your jacket?divest [sb] of [sth] vtr (deprive)剥夺某人的某物；使...丧失...的权利The refugees have been divested of all their property.divest [sb] of [sth] vtr figurative (free)使摆脱；解除Divested of my responsibilities, I enjoyed a week at the beach.divide [sb] vtr figurative (disunite) (人)使...产生分歧；使...分裂The safety of GM crops is a controversial subject that divides people.转基因谷物是一个极具争议的话题，使民众产生分歧。divorce [sb] vtr (end a marriage to [sb])与…离婚Mark divorced his wife after only a year of marriage.马克刚刚结婚一年，就和自己的妻子离婚了。divorce [sb] vtr (end [sb]'s marriage)判决...离婚；判决...结束婚姻关系The judge divorced the couple.dizzy [sb] vtr (make dizzy)使眩晕的；使头昏脑涨的The speed we were travelling at dizzied me.行进的速度太快了，搞得我头晕脑胀的。do [sb] vtr UK, informal, often passive (prosecute) (非正式用语)起诉；控告The police don't have enough evidence, so they aren't going to do Lisa for that burglary after all.I heard Mathew's been done for speeding again.do [sb/sth] a disservice, do a disservice to [sb/sth] v expr (do [sth] unfavorable to [sb/sth])损害；伤害The soldier did his country a disservice by deserting his unit during battle.do [sb] a favor, do a favor for [sb] (US), do [sb] a favour, do a favour for [sb] (UK) v expr (do [sth] kind)帮…一个忙Will you do me a favor and post this letter for me?do [sb] a good turn, do a good turn for [sb] v expr (perform a kind act)帮助某人；做对某人有利的事do a job on [sb/sth] v expr (harm or damage)搞砸；弄坏do a job on [sb] v expr (deceive)欺骗；骗取do a number on [sb] v expr US, informal (have a bad effect on [sb])伤害；使...难堪do business with [sb] v expr (trade or deal with)与…做买卖The US does business with China because each country uses the other's resources.do credit to [sb], do [sb] credit v expr (present or represent honorably)归功于…；是…的功劳He does credit to his teachers.do [sth] for [sb] v expr (do a favor)为某人做某事；帮助某人做某事do [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep UK, slang (catch and punish for: a crime) (通常指犯罪)逮到并惩罚某人做某事do homage to [sb] v expr (pay tribute to)向...致敬The cover band did homage to the Beatles by playing "Yellow Submarine."do [sb/sth] justice, do justice to [sb/sth] v expr (present fairly and accurately)真正反映出…，使...得到公平对待Mr. Smith's oil portrait of the Queen really did her justice.Karen's work did justice to her reputation.do [sb] out of [sth] v expr informal (deprive, cheat)骗走某人的某物，向某人骗取某物do right by [sb] v expr (treat fairly)公平对待；好好对待You are going to have to do right by her and marry her.do [sb]'s will v expr (carry out [sb]'s instructions)执行某人的命令do [sb]'s bidding, do the bidding of [sb] v expr (do as [sb] orders)遵从...的要求；听从…的命令The servants were there to do his bidding.do [sb] the honor of doing [sth] (US), do [sb] the honour of doing [sth] (UK) v expr (do [sth] out of kindness, respect)愿意为某人做某事；有幸为某人做某事do [sb] wrong vtr + n informal (betray, harm) (非正式用语)背叛, 伤害Frankie and Johnny were lovers, but he was doing her wrong with Nellie Bly.dock [sb] [sth] vtr (deduct pay)扣除...的...钱Irene's boss docked her a week's pay for her unauthorised absence.艾琳无故缺勤，因此被扣了一周的工资。doctor [sb] vtr dated (treat medically) (过时用语)治疗；医疗He doctored the patient back to full health.doctor [sb/sth] vtr UK (castrate)阉割Yes, we need to get our two dogs doctored soon.dodge [sth/sb] vtr (avoid: physically)躲闪；躲开The player dodged members of the opposing team and scored.那位队员躲开了对手的出击，取得了得分。dodge around [sth/sb] vi + prep (move quickly around)躲让, 躲开The runner dodged around the people in his path.dodge behind [sth/sb] vi + prep (move quickly behind)躲闪到...后面；闪避到...后面Seeing his pursuers, the thief dodged behind a wall to get out of sight.dog [sb] vtr figurative, informal, often passive (trouble)困扰；使苦恼；烦扰The problem has been dogging me for days.这个问题已经困扰我好些天了。dog [sb] vtr informal, figurative (follow)跟随；紧跟They dogged him all the way home.dominate [sb/sth] vtr (have control over)控制；支配The bully dominates the other kids in the playground.It was a struggle, but Barry managed to dominate his emotions.那个小霸王控制着操场上的其他孩子。// 虽然颇为困难，但巴里还是成功控制住了自己的情绪。domineer [sb] vi (be tyrannical)主宰；专制；凌驾于donate [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (money: give) (钱财)捐赠…给They donated $100 to the Red Cross.他们捐赠了一百美金善款给红十字会。be done with [sth/sb], have done with [sth/sb] v expr slang (had enough, stop)受够了…be done with [sb], have done with [sb] v expr slang (relationship: finish, end)和某人完了；和某人已经没有关系了；已经和某人绝交doom [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep often passive (condemn to [sth])注定让...做某事；注定让...变成...A poor education system doomed the children to a life of low-paid work. We are doomed to continue making the same mistakes.不良的教育系统会注定让孩子们未来在低薪工作中挣扎。我们注定会继续犯同一个错误。doom [sb/sth] vtr often passive (to death or terrible fate)注定会死亡；注定要走向厄运The child was doomed from the moment of his birth.那个孩子自出生起就注定会死亡。doom [sb/sth] to failure v expr often passive (cause to fail)注定失败；注定失手Not having the right people for the job doomed the project to failure.doorstep [sb] vtr UK (canvass door-to-door)游说；找...拉票；上...的门拜访拉票Party members were doorstepping voters in the weeks leading up to the election.doorstep [sb] vtr (wait outside [sb]'s house)在门口守望；在门前等待The tabloid photographer got a lot of his shots by doorstepping celebrities.dope [sb] vtr slang (drug) (俚语)用药迷倒The kidnapper doped his victim to keep her quiet.绑匪用药迷倒了受害者，以免受害者出声。dose [sb] vtr (give drugs)给...吃药The children were all coughing, so Philip took out the cough medicine and dosed them.dose [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (give drugs)给...用某种药；给...服某种药The doctor dosed the patient with sedatives to keep him calm.dote on [sb] vi + prep (lavish affection)溺爱；宠爱John dotes on his daughter and spoils her rotten.double-time [sb/sth] vtr (cause to move in double time)让...速度翻倍double-cross [sb] vtr informal (betray)阳奉阴违He double-crossed me and ran off with the money and the girl.double-team [sb] vtr (sports: block a player) (体育)以两人防守，双人包夹dower [sb] vtr (furnish with a dowry, endower)给予...嫁妆；把遗产给down [sb/sth] vtr informal (fell, knock to the ground) (非正式用语)打倒；击倒That wrestler could down anyone in thirty seconds.down to [sth/sb] adj + prep informal (determined by)由…负责；由…决定Whether he goes free or not is down to the judge's decision.他能否释放取决于法官的裁决。down to [sth/sb] adj + prep informal (caused by)是…的责任；由…引起The accident was entirely down to driver error.那次事故完全是司机的失误造成的。be down on [sth/sb] v expr (dislike)不喜欢downgrade [sb] vtr (demote, lower in rank)使...降职；使…降级The officer was downgraded for unethical conduct.downgrade [sb] to [sth] vtr (demote, lower in rank)降职Ronald was downgraded from manager to assistant as punishment for his actions.downvote [sth/sb] vtr (click to show disapproval) (线上)踩；反对dox [sb], doxx [sb] vtr informal (put personal information online)人肉搜索；肉搜备注: 未经允许在网上非法获得并发布他人个人信息draft [sb] vtr US (select)挑选；选拔He drafted three of the boys to help him with unloading.draft [sb] vtr often passive (select for military service)征募He was drafted and went to fight in Europe in World War II.drag [sth/sb] vtr (pull [sth], [sb] along the ground)拖；拉Cynthia dragged the large chair into the room.辛西娅把那张大椅子拖进了房间里。drag [sb] away, drag away [sb] vtr + adv (force [sb] to leave)把…拖走；把…拉走A police officer was dragging one of the protesters away.drag [sb] over the coals, rake [sb] over the coals, haul [sb] over the coals v expr figurative, informal, often passive (reprimand [sb])训斥；谴责drag [sb] through the mud v expr informal, figurative (dirty [sb]'s reputation) (名誉)诋毁；玷污The biased reporter dragged the senator's name through the mud.dragoon [sb] vtr figurative (force, pressurize)迫使...；强制...dragoon [sb] into doing [sth] vtr figurative (force, pressurize)迫使...做...drape [sth] over [sth/sb] vtr + prep (arrange carefully)将（打褶的织物）覆盖在…上；将（打褶的织物）披在…上The organizer draped the fabric over the lectern.主持人将一块打褶的布盖在讲台上。draw [sth/sb] vtr (attract)吸引；引起…的注意Fights usually draw large crowds.打架斗殴常会引来大批群众围观。draw a gun on [sb] v expr (aim a firearm at)拔枪相向；举枪相对To stop the robber, the policewoman drew a gun on him and ordered him to lie on the ground.draw a pay check from [sb] v expr US (work for [sb])从…处领薪水；从…处领工资draw [sb] aside vtr + adv (speak privately to)把某人拉到一边单独谈话After the meeting, the chairman drew me aside to ask if I would be interested in joining the committee.draw [sb]'s attention, draw the attention of [sb] v expr (attract, interest)吸引…的注意The street entertainer drew the attention of a large crowd.那位街头艺人引来了一大群人的注意。draw away from [sth/sb] v expr (retreat from [sth], [sb])远离，离开；躲开，退避draw [sb] away from [sth] v expr (cause to leave)将...从...拉走；将...从...拉开What drew you away from your hometown?是什么让你离开了故乡？draw back from [sth/sb] v expr (retreat)从…撤退；从…后退He ordered his troops to draw back from the border.他命令他的部队从边境撤退。draw [sb] in, draw in [sb] vtr + adv (interest, captivate)吸引人卷入；诱使人加入；招揽We need a beautiful sign for our shop to draw customers in.我们需要一块美观的标牌来招揽客人入店。draw [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (involve [sb] in [sth])把…拉进；把…吸引进Don't draw me into your problems!draw [sb] off vtr + adv ([sb]: induce to leave) (指人)拉走；让...离开draw [sb] over vtr + adv (beckon) (用手势等)示意某人过去drench [sb] vtr (make very wet)弄湿The pedestrian was drenched by a passing car that hit a puddle.dress [sb] vtr (put clothes on)穿上；给...穿上衣服Dress the children quickly so we can go.赶快给孩子们穿上衣服，我们好出发。dressed up like [sb] expr (in costume, disguised as)装扮成…的Mandy was dressed up like a witch for Halloween.drill [sb] vtr (train)操练；训练The sergeant is drilling the new recruits.教官正在训练新兵。drill [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (train)在…方面对…进行训练The teacher drilled the students in French grammar.老师在法语语法方面对学生进行训练。drill [sth] into [sb], drill into [sb] [sth] vtr + prep figurative (instill)将…灌输给…；将…传授给…；将…教给…The teacher tried to drill the multiplication tables into his students. My parents always drilled into me the importance of studying hard.老师试图将乘法口诀表灌输给学生们。我父母经常向我灌输努力学习的重要性。drink to [sth/sb] vi + prep (toast with alcohol)敬酒；干杯Let's drink to the bride and groom!drip feed [sb/sth], drip-feed [sb/sth] vtr (gradually supply with liquid)滴入；滴灌This part drip-feeds lubricant into the mechanism.该部件将润滑油滴入机械装置。drip feed [sb/sth], drip-feed [sb/sth] vtr UK, figurative (gradually supply [sth])缓慢供应The police are drip-feeding information about the case to the press in order to not create a panic.为了不引起恐慌，警方正将有关案件的信息一点点地透露给新闻媒体。drive [sb] vtr (passenger: transport)驾车运送；载人；开车送I'll be late to the show unless you can drive me.除非你开车送我，否则我看节目就会迟到了。drive [sb] to [sth] vtr (passenger: transport)开车送…到…去Could you drive me to the station?你能开车送我到车站么？drive [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep figurative (compel, cause)驱使，迫使The addiction drove him to a life of crime and misery.毒品上瘾驱使他走上犯罪道路，生活凄惨。；drive [sb] to do [sth] vtr + prep figurative (compel, cause)强迫某人做某事The desire to make her parents proud is what drives her to succeed.想让父母为自己感到骄傲的心就是驱使她成功的动力。drive [sth] into [sth/sb] vtr + prep (nail, blade: hammer)将...钉进；把...敲进He drove the nail into the wall.drive [sb] vtr figurative (motivate)推动；促进；驱使Ian's desire to be the best is what drives him.伊安想出人头地，这就是他的动力。drive [sb] to [sth] vtr figurative (provoke)把…逼到（某种程度）；逼得Her children always drive her to the point of madness.她家孩子经常把她搞得快疯掉。drive [sb] to do [sth] v expr figurative (motivate)促使某人做某事；驱使某人做某事What drives her to succeed is a desire to make her parents proud.想让父母自豪，这是促使她取得成功的动力。drive a wedge between [sb], drive a wedge between [sb] and [sb] v expr figurative (cause bad feeling between)在...和...间作梗；在...和...间挑拨离间I can't help feeling that your mother is trying to drive a wedge between us.drive [sb/sth] away vtr + adv (repel, force to leave)赶走；使...远离；使...离开She drove him away with her constant nagging.他受不了她不停的唠叨，离开了她。drive [sb/sth] back vtr + adv (cause [sb/sth] to retreat)使…后退；击退…drive [sb] crazy v expr informal (make insane)把…逼疯；逼得…发疯drive [sb] crazy v expr slang (annoy)让人受不了；快把…烦疯了That hip-hop music just drives me crazy!drive [sb] crazy v expr slang (arouse sexually)让…为之疯狂；让…神魂颠倒The way you kiss drives me crazy.drive [sb] home vtr + adv (take [sb] home in car)开车送...回家drive [sth/sb] off vtr (chase away)赶走We had to drive off the wolves that were stalking the sheep.我们必须赶走那些尾随羊群的狼。drive [sb] out of his mind, drive [sb] out of her mind v expr figurative, informal (annoy)使某人极为恼怒；气得某人发疯The baby's constant crying drove James out of his mind.drive [sb] out of his mind, drive [sb] out of her mind v expr figurative, informal (arouse sexually)把某人迷得七荤八素Watching you sunbathe used to drive me out of my mind.drive [sb] round the bend v expr slang, figurative (make insane) (俚语)把....逼疯You're driving me round the bend!drive [sb] to despair v expr (cause [sb] to feel hopeless)让...感到无助；让...绝望drive [sb] to despair v expr informal (cause [sb] to feel exasperated)让...绝望drive [sb] up the wall v expr informal, figurative (irritate [sb])使…大怒drool over [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (desire, look longingly at) (比喻)对...痴迷，对…垂涎欲滴，对…如痴如醉Mary spends hours drooling over pictures of that movie star.玛丽一连好几个小时痴迷自己电影偶像的照片。drop [sth/sb] vtr (abandon)放弃The project was dropped after it was found to be unprofitable.She decided to drop her geology class.在发现该项目不能赚钱后，项目被放弃。// 她决定放弃地质课。drop [sb] vtr (dismiss)不再理会；把…除名They dropped him as a customer after he started complaining too much.他投诉太多，所以他们把他从顾客名单里除名了。drop [sb] vtr (give a lift to) (在途中)让...下车Please drop me in town when you go to buy groceries.你去买食品杂货时请顺便在市区把我放下。drop [sb] [sth] vtr (write and mail) (信件)投寄I'll drop you a postcard when we get there.我们到那儿后，我会给你寄一张明信片。drop [sb] a line, drop a line to [sb] v expr informal (send a message) (非正式用语)写信给某人；给...发消息I should drop a line to my brother because I haven't written him in a long time.drop kick [sb], drop-kick [sb], also US: dropkick [sb] vtr (martial arts: do a flying kick)飞身踢...drown [sb] vtr (kill with water)使淹死；使溺水而死The serial killer drowned his victims.这名连环杀人犯淹死了自己的受害者。drub [sth/sb] vtr (beat with a stick)棒打；用棍子打；用棒子敲打drug [sb] vtr (make unconscious) (用药物，用毒品)使...失去知觉；麻醉；迷晕The kidnapper drugged his victim, before taking her away.绑匪用药麻醉了受害者，然后将其带走了。drug [sb] vtr (give drug to) (人)给…服药The hospital staff drugged the patient.医院工作人员给病人服了药。drum [sth] into [sb]'s head v expr (instill by repetition) (教学)反复灌输，填鸭式教授Our father, a clever but uneducated man, always drummed into our heads the importance of a good education.drum [sb] out of [sth] v expr (dismiss in disgrace)把某人从某处开除Edward was drummed out of the Corps following the incident.dub [sb] [sth] vtr (give nickname) (人)给…取外号；给…起绰号Patricia's classmates dubbed her four-eyes, because she wore glasses.因为帕特丽夏戴眼镜，所以同学们给她取外号叫四眼。dub [sb] [sth] vtr (knighthood)给...封爵I dub thee Sir Lancelot.duff [sb] vtr archaic (cheat [sb], deceive [sb])欺骗dumbfound [sb] vtr (make speechless with amazement)让...目瞪口呆；使…惊呆dump [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep figurative, slang (responsibility, problem: offload)把...转移到...身上；把...转嫁到...身上Don't try to dump all your work on me - do it yourself! I know you're unhappy, but try not to dump your problems on other people.别想把你所有的工作都丢给我，你自己做！我知道你难过，但请试着别把你自身的问题转嫁于他人。dump [sb] vtr figurative, slang (end a relationship)与…结束恋爱关系，甩，蹬，抛弃Mark has been miserable since his girlfriend dumped him.马克被女朋友甩了后，一直很痛苦。dun [sb] vtr (repeatedly ask to repay debt)向...催债；向...讨债Creditors have been dunning me all month, but I don't have the money to pay them.dunt [sb/sth] vtr Scot (bump into)撞击；冲击dupe [sb] vtr (deceive, trick [sb])欺骗；愚弄Don't let these beautiful ads dupe you!dupe [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (deceive, trick [sb] into doing [sth])欺骗They duped me into thinking I would get the cheque today.dwarf [sth/sb] vtr (be bigger than)使...显得矮小；使...相形见绌The new skyscraper dwarfs all the buildings around it.新的摩天大楼让周围的建筑相形见绌。dwarf [sth/sb] vtr figurative (be more important, significant than)使...相形见绌This service dwarfs its competitors in terms of numbers of subscribers.这款服务的订阅者数量令竞争对手相形见绌。dwell on [sth/sb], dwell upon vi + prep (be preoccupied with)一直想着Try not to dwell on your failures.不要一直想着自己的失败。earmark [sth] for [sb/sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (set aside for a purpose)指定用途We have earmarked the chairs in the corner for tomorrow's ceremony.eat [sb] out of house and home v expr (eat so much as to strain [sb]'s funds)把...吃穷be eating out of [sb]'s hand figurative (be submissive to [sb])使…百依百顺；把...吃得死死的eavesdrop on [sb/sth] vi + prep (listen secretly to)偷听…的谈话；对...窃听How did you know that? Were you eavesdropping on my phone call?你是怎么知道的？你当时在对我的电话进行窃听吗？echelon [sth/sb] vtr (military: form into echelon)组成梯阵；排成梯队echo [sth/sb] vtr figurative (talking: repeat)随声附和；重复...的话；应和The student was just echoing what his teacher had told him; he didn't really know what he was talking about.那名学生不过是在应和老师说过的话，他其实不知道自己在说什么。echo back [sth] to [sb], echo [sth] back to [sb] v expr figurative (repeat [sb]'s opinion words back to)附和某人说的话；重复某人的话You will not receive a good grade if you simply echo back the author's words to the teacher.eclipse [sb] vtr figurative (surpass, do better than) (比喻)超越, 胜过Jacob's piano performance eclipsed the competition.edify [sb] vtr (educate, inform)教诲；教导This text serves to edify scholars about Buddhism.educate [sb] vtr (instruct)教；教授；传授More funds should be made available to educate our young people.年轻人的教育应当获得更多投资。educate [sb] in [sth] vtr (instruct)在…方面教育某人Who will educate the children in the proper care of their textbooks?谁来教孩子们爱护教科书？educate [sb] vtr often passive (inform, enlighten)教导；教育The public needs to be educated before they can vote on the issue.公众需要先了解一个问题的相关信息，才能就这个问题进行投票。educate [sb] about [sth] vtr (inform, enlighten)告诉某人某事；向某人说明某事The doctor educated us about the dangers of antibiotics.医生告诉了我们抗生素的危害性。educate [sb] vtr (provide education for)为…提供学校教育；使接受学校教育The state educates all children up to the age of 16.16周岁以下所有儿童的教育由国家提供。effeminate [sb] vtr archaic (man: make feminine) (男性)将...女性化egg [sth/sb] vtr often passive (throw eggs at)朝…扔鸡蛋；向…丢鸡蛋The crowd booed and egged the politician's car.eighty-six [sb] vtr US, slang (refuse to serve [sb])拒绝接待，拒绝为…服务eighty-six [sb/sth] vtr US, slang (reject, discard) (俚语)丢弃, 丢掉, 扔掉；驱逐, 逐出eject [sb/sth] vtr often passive (throw out, remove)驱逐；赶出The security guard ejected a woman from the auditorium when she jeered the speaker.eject [sb/sth] vtr often passive (propel)喷射；射出The pilot's seat ejected him from his plane when the rocket hit it.elate [sb] vtr usually passive, dated (make joyful)使高兴；使开心；使欢欣The news in Julia's letter will elate its reader.elbow [sb] vtr (deliberate: jab with elbow)肘击；用肘部推Karen noticed Jon was falling asleep in the lecture, so she elbowed him.卡伦发现乔恩在课上睡着了，所以她用手肘撞了撞他。elbow [sb] vtr (accidental: hit with elbow) (非故意)用手肘撞到，用肘推搡People in the crowd were elbowing Edward in their desperation to get away from the monster.人群用手肘推开爱德华，绝望地想逃离怪物。elbow [sb] out of the way v expr (push [sb] aside)用肘将某人挤开An old lady elbowed Dan out of the way as he was trying to get on the bus.elbow-bump [sb] vtr (tap [sb]'s elbow in greeting)撞肘问候the eldest, [sb]'s eldest n (child: born first)老大My eldest is a lawyer; my other two daughters are still at college.elect [sb] vtr (appoint by voting)选举；推选Voters in the country have elected their first female president.elect [sb] to [sth] vtr (appoint by voting)选举This year, voters will elect two new people to the town council.elect [sb] as [sth] vtr (appoint by voting)选举Voters elected the retired principal as mayor of their city.electrify [sb] vtr figurative (excite, thrill) (比喻)使激动，使兴奋The rock band's performance electrified the crowd.electrocute [sb] vtr often passive (kill with electricity)使…触电而死；电死A loose wire electrocuted one of the workers at the site.electrocute [sb] vtr often passive (execute by electricity)对…处以电刑；电刑处死The criminal spent many years on death row before the state electrocuted him.elevate [sth/sb] vtr (physically: raise, lift)提起；举起The moving platform elevated the singer during her concert.elevate [sb], elevate [sb] to [sth] vtr figurative (aggrandize)抬高I'm tired of people elevating tacky reality TV stars.elicit [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (get [sth] from [sb])从...引发出，从...诱出；引导...得出The teacher tried to elicit the right answer from the students.老师试图引导学生得出正确的答案。eliminate [sb] vtr (kill)杀死；消灭Officials have uncovered a plot to eliminate the president.elude [sb] vtr (evade)逃避；躲避The fugitive assassin has eluded police for months.elude [sb] vtr figurative (escape grasp)逃脱The lawyer's convoluted logic eluded both the jury and the experienced judge.emaciate [sb] vtr (make extremely thin)使…憔悴；使…瘦削email [sb], e-mail vtr (send electronic message)发电子邮件I'll email you tomorrow with the details.我明天会给你发电子邮件告知详情。email [sb] [sth], e-mail vtr (send: to [sb] via email)给某人通过电子邮件发送I will email you the directions.我会给你通过电子邮件发送指示。email [sth] to [sb], e-mail vtr (send: [sth] via email)通过电邮将...寄给；通过电子邮件给...发送I'll email the invoices to all our customers.我会通过电子邮件把发票寄给我们的所有客户。emanate from [sth/sb] vi + prep (be emitted)从…发出；从…散发出An unpleasant smell emanated from the food cupboard.emanate from [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (arise)从...产生A melancholy air seemed to emanate from Mary that day.emancipate [sb] vtr (set free)解放The president's decree emancipated the slaves.emasculate [sb] vtr figurative (deprive of masculinity) (比喻)打压男人气概；打压作为男人的自尊Rick's wife constantly criticizes and emasculates him.emasculate [sb] vtr archaic (castrate)阉割As punishment for his heinous crime, the criminal was emasculated.embalm [sb/sth] vtr (preserve: dead body) (尸体)对...进行防腐处理Ralph chose an unusual career when he decided to learn how to embalm bodies.embarrass [sb] vtr (make self-conscious)让...尴尬；使...不好意思；让...出丑Please don't do anything to embarrass me in front of my boss.请不要在我的老板面前做任何让我尴尬的事。embed [sb] with [sth], imbed [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep slang, usually passive (attach to the military) (随军)将某人分派给，让某人与...随行The reporter was embedded with an army unit.Some of the soldiers objected to reporters being embedded in their units.embitter [sb] vtr usually passive (make resentful)使怨恨；使愤恨；激怒Her husband's constant silence had embittered Matilda.embolden [sb] vtr (give courage to)鼓励；使…有勇气；给…壮胆His family's support emboldened David to pursue his dreams.embrace [sb] vtr (hug)拥抱He reluctantly embraced his former enemy.他不情不愿地拥抱了旧敌一下。embroil [sb] in [sth] vtr often passive (involve, entangle)使…卷入；使…惹上The mayor's views have embroiled him in an ethics scandal.empathize with [sb], also UK: empathise with [sb] vi + prep (understand [sb]'s feelings)与…产生共鸣；设身处地地理解（某人）She is a great teacher who knows how to empathize with her students.employ [sb] vtr (people)雇用；聘用This company employs over a hundred staff.这家公司雇佣了超过一百位员工。empower [sb] vtr figurative (give powerful feeling) (比喻)使能够；给...赋能It empowers girls when they see strong female characters in movies.在电影中看到强大的女性角色，能让小女孩感到自己更有力量。empower [sb] to do [sth] vtr figurative (give confidence to do)使某人更好地做某事The seminars are intended to empower boys to talk about their mental health.这系列研讨会旨在使男孩子们能更自信地谈论自身心理健康问题。empower [sb] vtr (authorize)授权给；赋予…权力empower [sb] to do [sth] v expr (authorize)赋权给某人做某事The legislation empowers town councils to organize cooperatives.法律赋权给镇委员会组织合作社。empty-chair [sb] vtr UK, often passive (display chair of [sb] refusing to debate)空出椅子；空椅备注: 提请注意某位政客未能出席The politician refused to attend the debate, so the presenter empty-chaired him.emulate [sb] vtr (person: imitate)模仿；效仿Students often emulate their teachers without realizing it.emulate [sb/sth] vtr (person, performance: equal)媲美；比得上See if you can emulate your brother's performance on the test.enable [sb] to do [sth] v expr (empower, make able to do)使能够做某事；使可能做某事The knife enabled him to cut open the box.刀子使他能够把盒子打开。enamor [sb/sth] (US), enamour [sb/sth] (UK) vtr (enchant, endear)使...倾心，使...迷恋，迷住备注: Most often in the passive and followed by 'of'.John became a television star, enamoring teenagers all over the world.enamored of [sb] (US), enamored with [sb] (US), enamoured of [sb] (UK), enamoured with [sb] (UK) adj + prep (in love with [sb])喜爱；倾心于I have never been so enamored of somebody in my life! I have been enamored with Lucy for years, but I'm still too shy to ask her out.我这辈子从没那么喜欢过一个人！我喜欢露西很多年了，但是我依然很害羞，不敢约她出去。encase [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep often passive (enclose, cover)将…包裹在...中；将…装入...中The cheesemaker encased the wheel of cheese in a thick layer of wax.enchain [sb] vtr (restrain with chains)用锁链锁住；束缚enchant [sb] vtr (delight, charm)使...着迷；使...陶醉；使...欣喜The young girl's beautiful singing voice enchanted the crowd.enchant [sb] vtr (put spell on [sb])对…念咒语The witch enchanted the child and made him appear as an old man.encircle [sth/sb] vtr (surround)包围；环绕The crowd encircled the popular rock band.encircle [sth/sb] vtr (circle: move around)围着...绕圈encircle [sth/sb] vtr (circle: form a circle around)环绕；围绕The trees of the forest encircle the small town.enclose [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (contain, restrict)把…围起来You can enclose the text in a box to make it stand out.你可以用一个方框把文本围起来，以起到突出的作用。encore [sb] vtr (audience: call for encore)要求...再演；要求...加演The audience encored the performer.encounter [sb] vtr (meet unexpectedly)偶然碰到，偶然遇到，不期而遇He encountered his ex-girlfriend at the bar.他偶然在酒吧遇到前女友。encounter [sb/sth] vtr (military: meet in conflict) (军事)与...会战；与...对峙They encountered the enemy off the coast of Spain.encourage [sb] to do [sth] v expr (urge, support to do)鼓励…做The teacher encouraged them to discuss the book in class.老师鼓励他们在课堂上讨论那本书的内容。encumber [sb] vtr often passive (physically burden, weigh down)拖累；牵累The heavy pack on May's back encumbered her as she climbed the hill.encumber [sb] vtr (morally burden, weigh down)拖累New responsibilities have encumbered the new mother.encumber [sb/sth] vtr (impede: progress, effort)阻碍；妨碍Unreasonable restrictions have encumbered this project since the beginning.end [sb] vtr literary (kill) (书面语)杀死； (比喻)了结；消灭If only God would end the person who did this!endanger [sb/sth] vtr (life, person: put in danger)使...面临危险，使...受到威胁No parent would wilfully endanger the life of a child.endear [sb] to [sb] vtr + prep (make lovable: to [sb])使...受...喜爱Margret's cheerful attitude has endeared her to everyone in her office.endorse [sb], also US: indorse [sb] vtr (support: a candidate)支持The party has chosen to endorse this candidate.该党选择支持这名候选人。endow [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (give abilities, qualities)赋予某人某物；将某物赐予某人Shirley decided that as God had seen fit to endow her with a great singing voice, she would become a singer.雪莉决定，既然上帝赋予了自己一把唱歌的好嗓子，她就要去做一位歌手。energize [sb], UK: energise [sb] vtr figurative (motivate, revitalize [sb])激励；使...振奋Coffee always energizes me in the morning.enervate [sb] vtr (weaken)使…衰弱；使…虚弱；削弱enfeeble [sb/sth] vtr (weaken, sap strength of)使衰弱；削弱；使无力The tranquilizer quickly enfeebled the tiger, allowing rescue workers to relocate him without injury to him or themselves.enfold [sth/sb], infold [sth/sb] vtr (envelop)包住；围住；包封The group disappeared from view as the evening mist enfolded them.enfold [sb], infold [sb] vtr (embrace)拥抱；搂抱The mother enfolded her young daughter in her arms.enfranchise [sb] vtr (give voting rights)给予...选举权enfranchise [sb] vtr (give rights) (选举权等)给予某人权利enfranchise [sb] vtr (emancipate: from slavery, etc.)解放...engage [sb] vtr (involve, get the attention of)吸引The teacher's approach to maths did not engage her students.老师教授数学的方式并没有吸引到她的学生。engage [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (involve in)使参与；使加入It is important to engage children in discussions about issues that affect the whole family.让孩子们参与涉及整个家庭的事宜的讨论很重要。engage [sth/sb] vtr (get into combat with)与…交战，与…交锋The army engaged the enemy.部队与敌人交战。engage [sb] vtr (person: hire as employee)聘用；雇用The elderly couple have recently engaged a home help.这对老夫妻最近聘用了一位打扫家务的人员。engender [sb] vtr literary, archaic (beget: a child) (古语，书面语)生育, 生下There were rumours that the woman who engendered Samuel was of questionable morals.engross [sb] vtr often passive (absorb the attention of)使全神贯注于；使…全神贯注；吸引The novel completely engrossed Heather, and she didn't hear the doorbell ring.engulf [sb] vtr (overwhelm) (比喻情感等)淹没；压倒Relief engulfed the patient when the doctor delivered the good news.enjoin [sb] to do [sth] v expr (order, instruct)命令某人做某事；嘱咐某人做某事；吩咐某人做某事The decree enjoined all men over the age of 16 to join the army.enlighten [sb] vtr figurative (explain or clarify to) (比喻)启发, 启迪The student didn't fully understand the homework task, until his teacher enlightened him.enlighten [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep figurative (explain or clarify to)使...明白...；使...知道...Would somebody please enlighten me about whatever is going on here!enlighten [sb] as to [sth] v expr figurative (explain or clarify to)使...明白...；使...清楚...The manager asked his staff to enlighten him as to what exactly was involved in the project.enlighten [sb] vtr figurative (inform)教育；教导If you are interested in this subject, this book should enlighten you.enlighten [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep figurative (inform)教导；指导Ray is an expert on French existentialism, so he can enlighten you about that branch of philosophy.enlighten [sb] as to [sth] v expr figurative (inform)告诉；介绍清楚I wonder if you could enlighten me as to the best way to get to Oxford Street?enlighten [sb] vtr figurative (religion) (宗教)使开悟The religious pilgrimage is meant to enlighten those who undertake it.enlist [sb] vtr (engage: person to help) (指雇人帮忙)请； (人)聘请Why don't you enlist a legal adviser to sort this out?你为何不聘请一位法律顾问解决这个问题呢？enmesh [sth/sb] vtr (tangle up, involve)使...陷入；使...卷入The fishing net enmeshed several dolphins, but the sailors were able to free them.ennoble [sb] vtr (make noble)使…崇高enrage [sb] vtr (make angry)激怒；触怒；使恼怒The apparent corruption of the government enraged the citizens.enrapture [sb/sth] vtr figurative (enchant, fascinate)使…狂喜, 使…着迷enrich [sb] vtr figurative (impart knowledge)让...长知识；丰富...的知识Everyone who reads the book says it enriches them.每个读书的人都说书籍让自己知识更丰富。enrich [sb] vtr (make wealthy)使富有；使富裕Directors have been enriching themselves with stock options.enroll [sb] (US), enrol [sb] (UK) vtr (enter into register)登记；报名；注册The school failed to enroll enough students to stay open.这所学校没能招收到足够多报名的学生来让自己继续办学。enroll [sb] in [sth] (US), enrol [sb] in [sth] (UK) vtr + prep (enlist, register)将某人登记在某处；在某处注册某人The Bensons enrolled their son in a private school.贝森家送儿子去一所私立学校登记就读。enslave [sb] vtr (turn into a slave)使…成为奴隶；奴役Agents were dispatched to Africa in the 1700s to enslave people there.enslave [sb] vtr figurative (take over life of) (比喻)征服, 使...受制于That video game has enslaved Andrew - he hasn't left his room in weeks!ensnare [sth/sb] vtr (trap, entrap)使...落入陷阱；诱...入圈套Josh became ensnared in his co-worker's lies and was fired.ensure [sb] [sth], also US: insure [sb] [sth] vtr (guarantee [sth] for [sb])保证Her cheerful manner ensured her a warm welcome at our house.她乐观欢快，我们家随时欢迎她。entangle [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (involve: [sb] in [sth]) (比喻)使某人陷入；导致某人卷入Bernard's brother entangled him in a pyramid scheme.enter [sb], enter [sb] into [sth] vtr (gain membership for [sb])给...报名参加The father entered his son in the race.这位父亲给他儿子报名参加了比赛。entertain [sb] vtr (people: keep amused) (人)为...提供娱乐； (人)为...提供消遣The magician entertained the children at the party. Helen entertained her work colleagues by telling them about the funny thing that happened to her at the weekend.魔术师在聚会上为孩子们提供娱乐。海伦为自己的同事提供消遣，告诉他们周末时发生在自己身上的趣事。entertain [sb] vtr (have as guests)招待；接待；款待We're entertaining my boss and his wife for the weekend.我们这周末要接待我老板和他的妻子。enthrall [sb] (US), enthral [sb] (UK) vtr (captivate, fascinate)使…着迷The magician's performance enthralled the children.enthrone [sb] vtr (give authority or power to)使...登基；使...即位；立...为王The queen was rightfully enthroned after the coup.entice [sb] to do [sth], entice [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (persuade to do)劝服某人做某事；说服某人做某事Ann tried to entice her boss to close the office early on Fridays.安试图说服自己的老板周五早一点关张。entice [sb] vtr (attract)吸引Brian really liked Zoe, but she was oblivious to all his attempts to entice her.布莱恩很喜欢佐伊，但佐伊对他吸引她的一切尝试都毫不在意。entice [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (lure)诱使；怂恿We did our best to entice Tim to the party, but he didn't want to come.为了怂恿蒂姆参加聚会，我们竭尽了全力，但他自己不想来，也没办法。entice [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (lure using)用...引诱...；用...诱骗...Daisy tried to entice the stray dog with food, but it was too nervous to come near her.黛西想用吃的引诱那只流浪狗，但流浪狗太过紧张，不敢靠近她。entitle [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (give right to)赋予…权利；给予…资格；使...有资格Being the boss entitles Linda to the biggest office.琳达的领导职位使他有资格享有最大的办公室。entitle [sb] to do [sth] v expr (give right to do)给...做...的权利；赋予某人做某事的资格This pass entitles you to visit the museum as many times as you like in a week.有了这张通行证，你就能在一周内无限次到访博物馆。entomb [sb] vtr formal (bury: a dead body)埋葬；掩埋The ancient Egyptians entombed their dead kings inside pyramids.entrance [sb] vtr figurative (fascinate, delight)使着迷；使陶醉The firework display entranced the children.烟火表演使孩子们着迷。；entrance [sb] vtr (put under a spell)使出神；使入迷The hypnotist entranced his subject.entrap [sth/sb] vtr (catch in a snare)诱捕；使落入陷阱The children entrapped their babysitter in a large net that fell from the ceiling.entrap [sb] vtr (catch by deception)诱惑；诱骗An undercover policeman eventually entrapped the drug dealer.entreat [sb] vtr (plea with)乞求；恳求The criminal entreated the judge to be lenient.entrench [sb] vtr (military: dig a trench) (军事)挖筑（壕沟）The soldiers were entrenched on the left flank.entrust [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (commit)将某物交托给某人；将某物付托给某人Rachel entrusted the tickets to Brian, as she knew she would only lose them.瑞秋知道自己肯定会弄丢票，所以将票交托给了布莱恩。entrust [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (put trust in)将某事托付给某人；将某事委托给某人The boss has entrusted me with this task, so I need to make sure I get it right.老板既然将这项工作委托给了我，我就得保证做好。be envious of [sb] v expr (person: jealous, resentful of [sb])嫉妒；妒忌She's envious of her more popular sister.她嫉妒自己的姐姐更受欢迎。the envy of [sb] n ([sth] coveted)被嫉妒之物；被羡慕之物Carol's long blonde hair is the envy of all her friends.卡洛金发及腰，是所以其他朋友的羡慕对象。envy [sb] vtr (be jealous)嫉妒；羡慕Peter envies his neighbours; they always seem to have enough money to go on luxury holidays and buy sports cars.彼得嫉妒自己的邻居有钱，总是能奢豪度假，买跑车。envy [sb] [sth] vtr (be covetous)羡慕某人的某物；嫉妒某人的某物I envy my grandchildren their energy and exuberance.我羡慕自己孙子、孙女旺盛的精力和勃勃的生气。equip [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (supply)配备The school is aiming to equip every student with a laptop.equip [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (provide [sb] with attributes)赋予Decades of work experience has equipped her with skill and confidence.equip [sb] to do [sth] v expr (provide with attributes)使做好准备做某事；使...具备做某事应有的品质My education did not equip me to deal with these hassles.erase [sb] vtr figurative, slang (kill) (俚语)杀死, 除掉The hit man erased his target.escape from [sth/sb] vi + prep (flee, run away from)从…处逃离；从…处逃跑The prisoner escaped from his jailers.囚犯从狱卒眼皮子底下逃走了。escape from [sth/sb] vi + prep (avoid, evade)逃避；回避He goes out to work on the car to escape from his mother-in-law.他到外面去修车以此回避见他的丈母娘。escape [sth/sb] vtr (get away from)逃离；逃避The refugees crossed the border to escape the war.难民穿越边界以逃避战争。escape [sb] vtr (forget)被…忘记；让…想不起来I know the face, but his name escapes me.我认识他的面孔，但记不得他的名字了。escape [sth/sb] vtr (inadvertently slip)不慎发出, 不慎说出；逸出；脱（口）而出A swear word escaped her lips.escort [sb] vtr (accompany)护送The proud father escorted his daughter down the aisle.那位自豪的父亲护送自己的女儿走过婚礼红毯。escort [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (accompany)陪同…去…；陪伴…前往…After she caught them truanting, Melanie started escorting her kids to school.梅兰妮在捉住自己孩子逃学后，就开始陪他们一起去学校。escort [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (accompany in)陪同...进入...；伴随...进入...The secretary escorted the visitor into the boss's office.秘书陪同访客一起进入了老板的办公室。escort [sb] out of [sth] v expr (accompany out)陪同某人走出...；押送某人走出...The security guards escorted the troublemaker out of the building.保安押送肇事人走出大楼。especially for [sb] adv + prep (for [sb] in particular)尤其对于；特别对于I bought these flowers especially for you.espouse [sb] vtr literary, archaic (person: marry) (古语, 书面语)娶, 迎娶；嫁给She was obliged, against her wishes, to espouse her first cousin.esteem [sb/sth] vtr (high regard)对…评价很高；敬重The boss esteemed Charlotte's work highly.老板对夏洛特的工作评价很高。esteem [sb/sth] vtr (respect)尊敬；敬重Many cultures esteem artistic people.estrange [sb] vtr (make distant, alienate)使疏远, 离间, 使...失和Timothy's difficult personality eventually estranged his wife.etch lines on [sb]'s face v expr figurative (time, etc.: age [sb])在…的脸上刻下皱纹Time had etched deep lines on Leon's face.eulogize [sb], also UK: eulogise [sb] vtr (speak in praise of) (对人)称赞，赞美；颂扬，讴歌，歌颂Jimmy eulogized his father in a short but emotional speech.Europeanize, Europeanize [sb/sth] vtr (make European)使…欧化euthanize [sb], euthanaze [sb], also UK: euthanise [sb], euthanase [sb] vtr (person: assist in dying) (人)使…安乐死evacuate [sb] vtr (make people exit from)撤离；疏散Officials evacuated everyone on the island because of the impending hurricane.evacuate [sb] from [sth] vtr (make people exit from)使...撤离Police evacuated everyone from the office building because of the bomb threat.evade [sb/sth] vtr (escape)逃避，逃离；回避，避开The suspect evaded police for three days.evade [sb] vtr (elude)未被...发觉；逃避；回避A solution to this problem evaded scientists for decades.evaluate [sb] vtr (assess) (人)评价；评审The board evaluated the candidates for the job.董事会评审了那个职位的几位候选人。evangelize [sb], also UK: evangelise [sb] vtr (Christianity: try to convert [sb])使…皈依基督教evict [sb] vtr (force out of house) (住户等)将...赶出；逐出The landlord fabricated a story to use as grounds to evict the tenants.evict [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (force to vacate)将...驱逐出eviscerate [sb/sth] vtr (disembowel, gut)去除…的内脏eviscerate [sb/sth] vtr figurative (remove the substance of)去除…的重要部分，抽除…的精华evoke [sth] from [sb] vtr (elicit)在某人身上激起；在某人身上引起It's hard to evoke a response from these quiet people.在这些沉默之人身上难以激起回应。evolve into [sth/sb] vi + prep (grow into)进化成；发展成The Turing machine, devised in the 1930s, evolved into the computers we use today.20世纪30年代所发明的图灵机，逐渐发展成如今人们所使用的计算机。exact [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (demand, require)强求, 要求This teacher exacts strict obedience from her students.exalt [sth/sb] vtr (praise, glorify)赞扬；表扬；赞美Part of the Christian faith includes exalting Christ.examine [sb] vtr (interrogate, question)讯问；审讯The prosecution examined the witness.法庭讯问了目击证人。examine [sb/sth] vtr (check health)检查...的身体；诊视...的身体The doctor examined the patient.医生检查了病人的身体。examine [sth/sb] vtr (inspect, look at)检查；仔细查看The paleontologist examined the fossil.古生物学家仔细查看了那块化石。examine [sb] vtr formal (test formally)对...进行测试；对...进行考试The school will examine its students in all their subjects at the end of the year.examine [sth/sb] closely vtr + adv (inspect)仔细检查；严密检查The agent examined the evidence very closely.exasperate [sb] vtr (frustrate, anger)激怒；使...愤怒Stop exasperating your father and come help me in the kitchen!exceed expectations, exceed [sb]'s expectations vtr + npl (be better than expected)超乎...的预期The boss knew Nina was good at her job, but her latest project was so good, it exceeded his expectations.except [sth/sb] vtr usually passive (exclude)把…排除在外，把…除外，不把…包括在内Guide dogs are excepted from the "no dogs allowed" rule.导盲犬不受“禁止带狗入内”规则的限制。exchange [sth], exchange [sth] with [sb] vtr (give, receive the same)交换，互换；与某人交换某物They exchanged phone numbers.他们交换了电话号码。exchange [sb] vtr (prisoners) (俘虏等)交换The two warring countries exchanged their prisoners at the border.exchange courtesies (with [sb]) vtr + npl (greet [sb] politely)礼貌地问候excite [sb] vtr (person: thrill)使激动；使兴奋The preparations for Christmas always excite the kids.excite [sb] vtr (person: sexually)使产生性兴奋Being tied up excites some people.exclude [sb] vtr (keep out)逐出；驱除The cool girls excluded Wendy from their group.exclude [sth/sb] vtr (not include)把...排斥在外；不包括This quote excludes any additional work that may arise after the project has started.exclude [sth/sb] vtr (rule out)排除；对...不作考虑The police have excluded the possibility of accidental death and are now conducting a murder inquiry.excommunicate [sb] vtr (expel from the Church) (宗教)将...开除教藉excoriate [sb/sth] vtr (rub the skin from)擦伤…的皮肤，擦破…的表皮excoriate [sb/sth] vtr figurative (criticize severely)严厉指责；苛评；非议exculpate [sb] vtr (exonerate)证明…无罪；为…开脱excuse [sb] vtr (pardon, forgive [sb])原谅；宽恕Please excuse me. I didn't mean to step on your foot.excuse [sb] vtr (exempt [sb])允许不参加；使免于The gym teacher excused him as he had sprained his ankle.他扭伤了脚踝，体育老师允许他不来上课。excuse [sb] from [sth] vtr often passive (exempt [sb] from [sth])使...免除As I am a fireman I wish you to excuse me from national service.execrate [sb/sth] vtr (loathe)憎恨；憎恶execute [sb] vtr (punish by death)处死；处决The state executed the convicted murderer.地州处决了那个杀人犯。execute [sb] vtr (kill)杀死The hit man executed his target.杀手杀死了自己的目标。exempt [sb] from [sth], exempt [sb] from doing [sth] vtr + prep (excuse, exclude from)免除某人做某事的必要；准许某人不做某事The school exempted the student from playing sports, because of his poor health.考虑到那位学生的健康状况，学校准许他不参加体育活动。exhaust [sb] vtr (person: tire) (人)使...疲惫；使...精疲力尽The exercise class exhausted Rachel.锻炼课使瑞秋精疲力尽。exhilarate [sb] vtr (thrill)使振奋；使激动The prospect of moving to Paris exhilarated Penelope.exhort [sb] to do [sth] v expr (urge)劝勉某人做某事；力劝某人做某事The politician exhorted her constituents to speak out about the proposed law.exhume [sb/sth] vtr (dig up, disinter: dead body)将（尸体）挖出exhume [sb/sth] vtr figurative (bring up: old subject)将…重新提起，旧事重提exile [sb] vtr (expel from country)放逐；流放Intellectuals were the most likely to be exiled because of their influence.exonerate [sb] vtr often passive (clear from blame)使免责；使脱罪Peter was acquitted after forensic evidence exonerated him.exonerate [sb] vtr (absolve, free from responsibility)让...免罪；使...免责The governor exonerated the convict after ten years of imprisonment.expatriate [sb] vtr (exile, deport)流放；放逐；将...逐出境外The government expatriated the suspected felon.expect [sth/sb] vtr (wait for [sth], [sb] to arrive)期待；盼望；等待I'm expecting a package in the mail.我在等邮寄来的包裹。expect [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (require, demand [sth] of [sb])向…要求；认为…有必要I expect an apology from you.我认为你有必要道歉。expect [sth] of [sb/sth] vtr + prep (require, demand [sth] of [sb])对某人有…的要求；对某人有…的期待The editor expects high journalistic standards of all his reporters.编辑要求所有记者都能写出高质量的新闻稿。expect [sb] vtr informal (be pregnant with)怀着（孩子）备注: Usually used in the continuous form: be expecting a babyI'm expecting a baby in July.My wife is expecting twins.我的预产期在七月。// 我的妻子怀着双胞胎。expel [sb] vtr (ban, bar: a student)开除；把…除名She got expelled for shouting at a teacher.她因为对老师大吼大叫而被开除了。expel [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (ban: a student from a school)把...从...开除Janine's head teacher expelled her from the school for bad behaviour.校长由于珍妮糟糕的表现而把她从学校开除了。expense [sth/sb] vtr US, informal (charge to company) (非正式用语)向...收取费用expense [sth/sb] vtr (write off as an expense)把...记入费用账户；将...记为费用explain [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (give details, clarify)解释；说明…的理由I've tried to explain Einstein's Theory of Relativity to her many times, but she still doesn't understand it.我多次尝试给她解释爱因斯坦的相对论，但她一直没弄明白。exploit [sb] vtr (take advantage of) (人)剥削；压榨Corporations systematically exploited their workers until they formed labor unions.在工人们组成公会以前，公司和企业曾系统性地剥削工人。expose [sth/sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (physically: not protect)使...暴露在某物中；使...接触到某物The employer provided protective equipment for his employees, as the work exposed them to harmful chemicals.由于这项工作会使工人接触到有害化学品，所以雇主提供了保护设备。expose [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (to experiences)使某人经历某事；让某人体验某事Tom wanted to expose his son to the real world.汤姆想让自己的儿子体验一下真实的世界。expose [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (to bad influences)使...受...影响；使...接触到Alison's friend exposed her to some bad habits.艾莉森的朋友们使她受到某些不良习惯的影响。be exposed to [sth/sb] v expr (not be physically protected from)暴露在；无保护出现于Workers at the nuclear plant were accidentally exposed to radiation.核电站的工人意外暴露在辐射之中。extort [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (obtain by blackmail)敲诈某人的某物；勒索某人的某物Ivan extorted thousands of dollars from the woman.extort money from [sb] v expr (by blackmail, coercion)向…勒索钱财；敲诈...的钱extract [sth/sb] vtr (take out, remove)取出；提取；拔出；移除It only took the dentist a few seconds to extract the tooth.牙医只用了几秒钟便拔出了智齿。extradite [sb] vtr (deport)将…引渡回国；将...驱逐出境eye [sb/sth] vtr (look at)看；审视He eyed her across the room, making her nervous.他从房间那头看她，让她很不自在。eyeball [sth/sb] vtr informal (look at) (非正式用法)盯着…看，对…进行打量Judy's mother eyeballed her skirt and frowned.face [sb/sth] vtr (look towards)面向；朝向；面朝Face the teacher when you're talking to her.和老师说话的时候你得面向着她。face [sb/sth] vtr (turn toward)正对；面对Turn and face the audience.face [sth/sb] vtr (confront) (比喻)面对；正视You've got to face your problems.face [sb] vtr (soldiers: turn toward)转向，向...转；命令（队伍）转变方向Face the soldier to your right!face to face with [sb/sth], face-to-face with [sb/sth] expr (confronted with, meeting)与...对峙；与...相见；与...面对面Walking in the woods, the man was shocked to find himself face-to-face with a bear.走在林中，这人惊讶地发现自己遇到了一只熊。fag [sb] out vtr + adv UK, informal (exhaust)使劳累；使疲劳Digging the garden fagged Linda out.fail [sb] vtr (disappoint)辜负；使…失望The employee failed his manager by not finishing the report on time.这位员工没能及时完成报告，让经理失望了。fail [sb] vtr (give student poor mark)使…不及格；让...挂科The examiner failed me because I didn't check my mirror before pulling out.fake [sb] out vtr + adv US, informal (trick, deceive)欺骗；伪装骗过fall for [sb/sth] vi + prep informal (be attracted)爱上；迷上；为…倾心He is good-looking and smooth: all the women fall for him.Audrey fell for a beautiful pair of shoes she saw in a shop window.他外表英俊、举止潇洒，所有女人都为他倾心。// 奥德丽在商店橱窗中看到了一双漂亮的鞋子，非常喜欢。fall foul of [sb] v expr (get into trouble)冒犯，与…发生冲突，与…有摩擦Agnes fell foul of her boss when she refused to work overtime.fall head over heels for [sb] v expr figurative (fall in love)疯狂爱上；为...神魂颠倒fall head over heels in love with [sb] v expr figurative (fall in love)与...疯狂相爱；与...深陷爱河fall in line with [sth/sb], fall into line with [sth/sb], get in line with [sth/sb] v expr figurative (person: conform to)与...保持一致；遵守；遵循fall in love with [sb] v expr (become infatuated with [sb])爱上某人I think I fell in love with him the very first time we met.我想我们第一次见面时我就爱上他了。fall into disfavor with [sb] (US), fall into disfavour with [sb] (UK) v expr (earn [sb]'s disapproval)在某人处失宠；失去某人的欢心The duke fell into disfavor with the queen and was promptly beheaded.fall on [sb/sth], fall upon [sb/sth] vi + prep (eyes: look at [sth]) (目光)落在…上The teacher's eyes scanned the room and fell on Joshua's nervous face.fall on [sb/sth] vi + prep (suspicion: be directed at)指向...When Harry went missing, suspicion fell on the last person to have seen him alive.fall prey to [sth/sb] v expr figurative (become a victim of)成为…的牺牲品，成为…的受害者The elderly woman fell prey to a conman who convinced her to part with her savings.fall to [sb] to do [sth] v expr (task: become [sb]'s to do)…不得不做…；…负责做…fall to [sb] v expr (property: become owned by [sb]) (财产)成为…所有familiarize [sb] with [sth], also UK: familiarise [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (acquaint, cause to know)使熟悉；使通晓The instructor familiarized the students with the new computer software.famish [sb] vtr (starve)使挨饿；使饥饿fan [sb/sth] vtr (cool with a fan) (使凉爽)为…扇风She fanned him with the newspaper.她用报纸给他扇风。fancy [sb] vtr UK, slang (be attracted to [sb])受…吸引；爱慕；恋慕Mick admitted that he fancied Laura.米克承认他爱慕着劳拉。far ahead of [sth/sb] expr (long way past [sth] or [sb])遥遥领先；远远超过far away from [sth/sb] prep (at a distance)离…很远；远离The village where I grew up is far away from here.fascinate [sb] vtr (interest, attract)吸引；使感兴趣Your ring fascinates me; what kind of stone is it?你的戒指吸引了我。这是什么石头？fascinate [sb/sth] vtr (transfix, hold attention of)使着迷；迷住The kitten was fascinated by the shiny decorations.小猫被闪亮的装饰品吸引住了。fast-track [sb] vtr (speed the progress of)加快某人的进度faster than [sth/sb] adj + conj (able to move more quickly than)比…快Superman is faster than a speeding bullet.超人飞得比子弹移动速度快。faster than [sth/sb] adj + conj (less time-consuming than)比…用时更少Ian mostly eats ready-meals because they are faster than cooking from scratch.伊恩基本都吃的是即食餐，原因是即食餐准备起来比从零开始做饭快得多。fat-shame [sb] vtr (criticize for being fat)对人进行肥胖羞辱fate [sb] to do [sth] vtr usu passive (destine)注定；命定He was fated to die in the Second World War.他注定在第二次世界大战中身亡。father [sb] vtr (beget)成为…的父亲；做...的父亲He fathered seven children.father [sb] vtr dated (act as a father)如同父亲般对待The orphanage director fathers the children in his care.这位孤儿院的院长如父亲般照顾着孩子们。fatigue [sb] vtr literary (tire)使…疲劳，使…疲惫It fatigues me to have to explain the same points to my students over and over.翻来覆去地向我的学生们解释同样的知识点，真的让我疲惫不堪。fault [sb/sth] vtr (criticize [sb], [sth])批评，责备，指责；挑剔I couldn't fault his performance in any way.他的表现无可指摘。favor [sth/sb] (US), favour [sth/sb] (UK) vtr (like best)偏爱，更喜欢；偏向，偏袒Keith wears a suit to work six days a week, so on Sunday he tends to favour jeans and a T-shirt.凯斯每周要着工作服上六天班，所以每到周日，他都更喜欢穿牛仔裤和T恤衫。favor [sth/sb] over [sth/sb] (US), favour [sth/sb] over [sth/sb] (UK) vtr + prep (prefer)比起…更偏爱It's not unusual for parents to favor one child over the others.父母在众多孩子中偏爱某一个孩子的现象并不少见。favor [sb] (US), favour [sb] (UK) vtr (give [sb] an advantage)给…以恩惠，眷顾；帮…一个忙Luck favours those who work hard.幸运会眷顾那些辛勤工作的人。favored by [sb] (US), favoured by [sb] (UK) prep (preferred)受...的青睐；受...的青眼be favorably disposed toward [sb/sth], be favourably disposed towards [sb/sth] v expr formal (like)对某人有好感；喜欢某人，偏好某人fawn over [sb] vi + prep (ingratiate yourself with [sb])奉承I hate the way everyone fawns over her because she's a celebrity.fax [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep dated (send by fax)把...传真给Eric faxed the document to the government office.faze [sb] vtr (bother, daunt)打扰；使烦忧Even though the situation looked dangerous, the challenge did not faze Brett.尽管情况看似危险，这个挑战并没有吓退布雷特。fear [sb/sth] vtr (be afraid of)恐怕, 担心；害怕, 畏惧Alice feared the dog.恐怕他们出事了。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 小孩子都怕死。fear [sb/sth] vtr (have awe of)畏惧；敬畏We all fear God in this community.fearful of [sth/sb] adj + prep (afraid of [sth/sb])对…恐惧The boy's mother was fearful of what might happen if she let him out of her sight.男孩的妈妈一想到如果自己让他离开自己视线，之后可能会发生的事情就恐惧不已。featherbed [sth/sb] vtr US (make employ too many workers)让...过度雇佣；让...过度保护feather-bed [sth/sb] vtr (provide with economic advantages)为...提供经济优惠；为...提供经济扶持feature [sb] vtr (give prominence)特写, 特载The newspaper featured her on the front page.这本杂志在首页登载了她的特写。feature [sb] vtr (include as actor)以…为主演；由…主演The movie features Johnny Depp as a vampire.这部电影由强尼·德普主演，角色是一名吸血鬼。fecundate [sb/sth] vtr (impregnate)使怀孕feed [sb] vtr (give food to [sb])喂养；为...提供食物I need to feed the children.我该给孩子们吃东西了。feed [sb/sth] vtr (be a food source)养活，给…提供食物来源This farm feeds the entire village.这个农场养活了全村。feed [sb/sth] on [sth] vtr (give [sth] as nourishment)用…喂养She feeds her chickens on a variety of scraps.她用各种剩饭喂鸡。feed [sth] to [sb] vtr figurative (supply)提供The media feeds the news to people.媒体向大众提供新闻。feed [sb] [sth] vtr figurative (supply) (信息等)给…提供The assistant fed the actor his lines.助理给演员提词。feed [sth] back to [sb] v expr (relay [sth] back to)向…反馈Karen appreciates her staff feeding back intormation to her on a regular basis.凯伦很感谢她的员工能定期向她反馈信息。feel affection for [sb] v expr (be fond of)喜爱；喜欢feel bad for [sb] vi + adj (feel compassion, pity)感到遗憾；觉得可惜I feel bad for my neighbours as they had lots of problems recently.我的邻居最近遇到了许多问题，我对此表示遗憾。feel sorry for [sb] v expr (feel pity, sympathy for [sb])同情；怜悯I feel sorry for the people who tried so hard but still didn't win.我为那些如此努力却仍未取得成功的人感到遗憾。feeze [sb/sth], feaze [sb/sth] vtr UK, dialect (beat, drive off)赶走，击退The farmers were able to feeze the thieves for a little while, but eventually they came back.feeze [sb], feaze [sb] vtr US, dialect (upset, annoy)使…惊惶，使…烦扰feint [sb] vtr (move to misdirect)佯攻；假装The fighter feinted his opponent by dodging to the left and back again.felicitate [sb] vtr (congratulate)向…道贺；为…祝贺fellowship [sb/sth] vtr archaic or religious (admit to fellowship)接纳…加入宗教社团feminize [sth/sb], also UK: feminise [sth/sb] vtr (make [sth], [sb] more feminine)使…更女性化ferry [sth/sb] vtr (transport passengers or goods)运送；运输Mark ferried the kids from school to their swimming class.ferule [sb] vtr (punish with ferule)用戒尺打fetch [sb] vtr (person: pick up) (人)接Sarah fetched her friend from the airport.萨拉到机场去接朋友。fetch and carry for [sb] v expr (do chores, run errands for [sb])为某人打杂；给某人打下手；帮某人做杂活fete [sb] vtr often passive (honour: [sb])热情招待；盛情款待He was feted by his colleagues after winning the prize.他获奖后受到同事们的热情招待。fetter [sb/sth] vtr (restrain)给…戴上脚镣The guards fettered the prisoner and took him to solitary confinement.守卫们给这位囚犯戴上镣铐，把他单独监禁。field [sb] vtr (military: deploy) (军事)部署，派遣The UN has fielded troops in Sierra Leone.联合国已经派部队入驻塞拉利昂。fight [sb] vtr ([sb]: fend off)与…搏斗；与…格斗；与…打架He had to fight the attacker with a stick.他不得不用一根棍子和袭击者搏斗。fight [sb/sth] vtr (try to defeat)与…斗争；与...战斗She fought the government and won.她与政府斗争并取得了胜利。；fight with [sb] vi + prep figurative, informal (argue, quarrel)与…争论；与…争吵She's always fighting with her neighbour about noise.她总是因为噪音问题与邻居争论。fight [sb] vtr (military: to battle against [sb]) (军事)与…战斗, 与…作战They fought the enemy bravely.fight [sb] vtr informal (boxing: oppose) (拳击非正式用语)迎战；同…进行拳击Lewis is going to fight Holyfield tonight.fight [sb] vtr informal (wrestle: oppose) (摔跤非正式用语)同…摔跤He fights his opponents with great style.fight with [sb] vi + prep (physically: with [sb])与…搏斗；与…打架；与…打斗The boxers fought with each other to win a prize.fight with [sb] vi + prep informal, figurative (argue)与…争吵My sister is always fighting with her boyfriend over the phone.fight with [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (struggle against)与…抗争Irene has fought with her addiction to alcohol for many years.fill [sb] vtr (give enough to eat)让...吃饱；喂饱She filled the kids by providing them plenty of potatoes.fill [sb] in on [sth] v expr figurative, informal (person: update)告知…最新情况Andy filled me in on the latest developments.安迪把最新的进展告诉了我。fill [sb]'s shoes v expr figurative (replace [sb], perform [sb]'s role)代替；替换It will be hard to fill her shoes.fill [sb] with wonder vtr (amaze)令…吃惊；令…感到惊讶Gazing at the night sky never ceases to fill me with wonder.finagle [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep informal (obtain from [sb] by deceit)从...骗取...finagle [sb] out of [sth] v expr informal (obtain from [sb] by deceit)欺骗某人的某物；骗取某人的某物find [sb] vtr (encounter)偶然遇到；意外碰见I found John at the station waiting for a taxi.我偶然遇见约翰在车站等出租车。find [sth/sb] ([sth]) vtr (regard, consider)觉得；认为I find modern music rather repetitive.我觉得现代音乐翻来覆去总是那一套。find [sb] guilty/not guilty vtr (reach verdict on)裁决；判决The jury found the defendant guilty on all charges.陪审团裁决被告所有指控罪名全都成立。find fault with [sb/sth] v expr (criticize [sb/sth])找...的茬；埋怨find [sb] guilty vtr + adj often passive (law: convict) (法律)被判有罪, 裁决…罪名成立Recently, Apple has been found guilty of wilfully infringing on a patent.fine [sb] vtr (charge, penalize)对…处以罚金；罚款The policeman fined him for driving too fast.因为开快车，警察罚了他款。fine [sb] [sth] vtr (charge, penalize by an amount)对…处以（罚款）The judge fined her £500 for contempt of court.由于蔑视法庭，法官对她处以500英镑的罚款。finger [sb] vtr slang (touch sexually)用手指性交I can't believe he fingered her in the bathroom stall.我不敢相信他在公共厕所的隔间里帮她指交了。finger [sb] vtr figurative, slang (inform on) (俚语)告密，告发She fingered him for the murder.她告发他犯有谋杀罪。fingerprint [sb] vtr (take fingerprints)取…的指纹；让…留下指印In some states, you get fingerprinted when you get a driving licence.在一些州，获得驾照时需采集指纹。finish [sb] vtr dated, formal (teach social graces to)对…进行社交礼仪方面的培训She was sent to a school in Switzerland to be finished.finish with [sb] vi + prep (end relationship)跟…分手；跟…断绝关系，跟…一刀两断When he discovered his girlfriend had been unfaithful he finished with her.fire [sb] vtr (dismiss [sb] from a job)解雇；解聘；开除The boss fired Eugene for being late each morning.Maria was fired from her job last week.尤金每天早上都迟到，所以被老板开除了。上周玛丽亚被开除了。fire at [sth/sb] vi + prep (shoot a weapon at)向…开火，朝…射击The soldiers were firing at the enemy.士兵向敌人开火。fire upon [sb] vi + prep (with weapon: shoot)朝...射击The soldiers in the tower fired upon the defenceless people below.firebomb [sth/sb] vtr (attack with firebombs)用燃烧弹攻击；向…发射燃烧弹Rebels firebombed the complex.叛军向这个建筑群投掷燃烧弹。first-name [sb] vtr (call by given name) (以示亲密)用名称呼（某人）In Danish schools, it is common for children to first-name their teachers.在丹麦的学校，学生用名称呼自己的老师，这一现象十分常见。fist-bump [sb] vtr informal (tap fist against [sb] else's)跟…碰拳fist-f*** [sb], fist [sb] vtr vulgar, offensive, slang (penetrate with hand) (性交插入方式)与…拳交fit [sb] vtr (clothing: be correct size for [sb]) (服装)合…的身Does this shirt fit you, or is it too big?这件衬衣合你的身吗？还是太大了？fit for [sb] adj + prep (suitable)合适的；相称的This meal is fit for a king.这简直是皇帝吃的菜。fit [sb], fit [sb] for [sth] vtr (prepare)使合格；为…做好准备Experience will fit you for the job.fix [sb] vtr US, slang (take revenge on)报复, 报仇He is going to fix you right when he finds out about this!fix [sb] up with [sb], fix up [sb] and [sb] v expr informal (pair romantically)安排…和…约会，给…和…做媒；把…和…撮合在一起Joan is trying to fix me up with one of her single friends.琼正试着撮合我和她的一个单身朋友。flabbergast [sb] vtr (astound)使…吃惊；使惊讶万分flag [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (signal [sth] to [sb])向某人发送...的信号；向某人传递...的信号Ships use coloured bunting to flag messages to one another.船只用彩旗传递信息。flagellate [sb] vtr (whip)鞭笞, 鞭打flagellate [sb] vtr figurative (criticize severely)严厉批判, 严厉指责, 鞭挞flame [sb] vtr informal (attack: fellow internet user) (互联网，以激怒为目的)挑战；挑衅；煽动The gamer challenged another player who was flaming him to a duel.那位玩家向挑衅自己的另一位玩家发出了决斗挑战。flank [sb/sth] vtr (military, combat)从侧翼包围；从侧面攻击The army's main body engaged the enemy while a smaller group flanked them.军队主力抗击敌人，而一个小分队从侧翼包围敌人。flank [sb/sth] vtr usually passive (be at the side of)左右两侧有；左右两侧是The boss was flanked by his two most trusted advisers.老板的左右是他的两位最受信任的顾问。flash [sb] vtr (expose private parts to) (性器官)露阴；当众暴露Erin flashed a stranger on the street.伊琳向街上的一个陌生人露阴。flash [sth] at [sb] vtr + prep (body part: expose to [sb]) (身体器官)快速把...暴露给...看Peter flashed his butt at an old woman.flash your lights, flash your lights at [sb] v expr (turn headlights on briefly)冲（某人）闪车灯The driver flashed his lights at me to let me turn.flatter [sb] vtr (compliment)奉承；恭维Tim tried to flatter his boss.提姆试图恭维自己的老板。flatter [sb/sth] vtr (make attractive)将...衬托得更漂亮Black clothes flatter all body types.黑色的衣服能将所有的体型都衬托地更漂亮。flay [sb/sth] vtr (remove skin from) (尤指动物或死人)剥…的皮The first step in the recipe is to flay the fish.食谱的第一步是给鱼去皮。flay [sb] vtr (whip)抽打The officer flayed the delinquent sailor with a rough whip.flay [sth/sb] vtr figurative (wind, rain: lash)如鞭子般抽打The driving rain flayed the north side of the building.瓢泼大雨拍打着这栋建筑物的北侧。flay [sb] vtr figurative (criticize)严厉批评The academic community flayed the professor's critique of Virginia Woolf.flay [sb] vtr figurative (deprive of money) (比喻对金钱)抢夺, 掠夺, 榨取flee [sth/sb] vtr (run away from)逃离；逃避；避开Millions flee hunger and persecution each year.每年都有数百万人因饥荒和迫害而逃离。fleece [sb] vtr figurative, informal (take money from)向…敲竹杠；诈取The scammer tried to fleece his victims over the internet.骗子试图通过互联网诈骗受害者。flimflam [sb], flim-flam [sb] vtr informal (swindle) (非正式用语)欺骗，哄骗fling [sth], fling [sth] at [sth], fling [sth] at [sb] vtr (throw)扔；投；掷Trevor flung a rock at the tree, but he missed.特雷弗将一颗石子扔向树，但是他没有仍准。fling [sb/sth] into [sth] vtr + prep (put [sb/sth] somewhere suddenly)使…突然处于，猛然...The political activist was flung into prison. Flinging some books into her bag, the student hurried out of the door.那个政治运动家被投入监狱。那个学生把几本书塞进她的包里，匆匆出了门。fling yourself at [sb] v expr figurative, informal (attempt to engage romantically)向...投怀送抱John flung himself at every girl he met.约翰向他碰到的每个姑娘都投怀送抱。fling [sb] out, fling out [sb] vtr + adv figurative, informal (throw out)把…赶出去Marcia had had enough of her husband, so she flung him out.flip [sb] the bird, flip the bird at [sb], give [sb] the bird v expr US, slang (make vulgar middle-finger gesture)竖中指flirt with [sb] vi + prep (try to seduce [sb])与...调情；挑逗Paul flirted with his coworker.保罗和他的同事调情。float [sth] to [sb], float [sth] by [sb] vtr + prep (idea: suggest to [sb])向...提出...；向...建议...Ron went to his boss to float an idea by him, but he didn't get a meeting.荣恩去找老板提出一个他自己的主意，但他没有得到会面的机会。flog [sb/sth] vtr (beat, whip)棒打；鞭打The mutinous sailors were flogged for their insubordination.暴动的水手因不服从命令而受到鞭打。floor [sb] vtr (knock down)把…扑倒在地，把…推倒在地，把…打倒在地The football player floored his opponent as he went for the ball.那名橄榄球队员去接球时，把对手扑倒在地。floor [sb] vtr figurative, informal, often passive (stun)使震惊不已，使惊讶不已He was floored by the news that his boss had quit.老板辞职的消息让他震惊不已。flummox [sb] vtr often passive, informal (bewilder)使困惑, 使不知所措This system is designed to flummox hackers and protect the most important servers from cyber attacks. Megan was flummoxed by the instructions on the self-assembly wardrobe.该系统设计用于迷惑黑客并保护最重要的服务器免受网络攻击。自行组装衣柜的说明让梅根不知所措。flunk [sb] vtr US, slang (student: fail)给...不及格；让...不通过John's history teacher flunked him, because he didn't do any work.flush [sth/sb] out vtr + adv figurative (scare out, bring to light)迫使...离开藏身处；驱赶出来flush [sth/sb] out of [sth] v expr figurative (scare out, bring to light)将...驱赶出；将...逐出Our dog had flushed a deer out of the woods and into the open field.fluster [sb] vtr (agitate, confuse)使慌乱；使手忙脚乱；使紧张不安The constant noise and bright lights flustered Jamie.持续的噪音和明亮的灯光让杰米紧张不安。fly [sb] vtr (transport by plane)用飞机运送；空运The helicopter flew the injured climber to hospital.直升机将受伤的登山者送去医院。fob [sb] off with [sth] v expr informal (give [sb] [sth] inferior, unsatisfactory)用某事敷衍某人；用某事敷衍某人Frank is always trying to fob me off with excuses.fob [sth] off on [sb] v expr informal (give [sb] [sth] inferior, unsatisfactory)把...骗卖给...Martin tried to fob off his old laptop on me.focus of [sb]'s attention n figurative (centre of [sb]'s interest)某人注意力的中心；某人最感兴趣的事The focus of our attention should be on how we can help.focus your eyes on [sth/sb] v expr (train eyes on)注视；盯住；把目光集中在Shaun focused his eyes on the target and threw his dart.肖恩盯住靶子扔出飞镖。foil [sb] vtr often passive (stop the plans of)阻止；挫败Rachel was trying to sneak out, but she was foiled by her little brother.瑞秋试图溜出去，但是被她的小弟弟阻止了。foist [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep (impose)把…强加给Don't foist your problems on me; deal with them yourself!不要把你的问题强加给我，请你自行处理！fold [sb] vtr (hug)紧紧抱住；拥抱Sarah's mother folded her into an embrace.萨拉的母亲紧紧抱住了她。follow [sb/sth] vtr (move behind)跟随；跟着He followed his wife into the house.他跟着妻子进了房子。follow [sth/sb] vtr (leadership, authority)追随；接受…的指导He follows his heart, wherever it takes him.他跟着自己的心走，随它把自己带到哪里。follow [sb] vtr (imitate, be like [sb])效仿；与…相像She follows her mother in being very talkative.follow [sth/sb] vtr (understand [sth], [sb])理解；懂得；明白Do you follow what I'm saying?follow [sb] vtr (social media) (社交媒体)关注80 million people follow this singer on Twitter.follow in [sb]'s footsteps, follow in the footsteps of [sb] v expr figurative (do as [sb] else has done)步...的后尘follow in [sb]'s footsteps, follow in the footsteps of [sb] v expr figurative (take the same career path as [sb] else)步...的后尘；继承...的事业He wanted to follow in his brother's footsteps and become a football player.She followed in her mother's footsteps and became an artist.follow on the heels of [sb], follow on [sb]'s heels v expr figurative (do the same as [sb])跟某人做的一样；仿效The young singer wanted to follow on the heels of his famous father.follow [sb/sth] out vtr + adv (leave closely after [sb/sth])跟随…离开，在…之后离开follow [sb]'s example vi (do the same as [sb] else)以某人为榜样；仿效I'm going to follow Maria's example and spend more time working with the community.follow [sb]'s lead v expr (do the same as [sb] else)效法某人；以某人为榜样The leader of the exercise class wanted us to follow her lead.fond of [sb/sth] adj + prep (feeling affection)喜欢；热爱I'm fond of my dogs: they keep me company when nobody's about.我很喜欢我的狗狗，它们在没人的时候给予我陪伴。fondle [sb] vtr (touch sexually) (带有性意味的)爱抚；抚摸，抚弄Julie fondled her husband and murmured sweet nothings in his ear.fondness for [sb] n (affection for [sb])钟爱, 深情, 痴情；溺爱, 慈爱Her fondness for her nephews is obvious from her expression.从她的表情即可明显看出她对侄子们的喜爱。a fool for [sth/sb] n ([sb] enthusiastic)…迷，对…狂热的人I am a fool for basketball.我是篮球迷。fool [sb] vtr (deceive)欺骗；愚弄She fooled him into believing that she was younger.她欺骗了他，让他相信她还很年轻。fool with [sb] vi + prep (play tricks)欺骗Don't you try to fool with me! I'll know it immediately.你可别试图来骗我！我立刻就能看穿。for the attention of [sb] adv (intended for [sb] to read)由...收信；由...处理；致for the life of [sb] expr informal (however hard you try)无论如何；即使要了我的命I cannot for the life of me remember my next-door neighbour's name.for the sake of [sb/sth] prep (for the good of)为了；为了…的利益，为了…的好处Some couples stay together for the sake of their children. She gave up smoking for the sake of her health.许多夫妻继续待在一起，是为了孩子。为了她的健康，她戒烟了。许多夫妻继续待在一起，是为了孩子的好处。for [sb]'s benefit, for the benefit of [sb] expr (for [sb]'s sake)为了你好；为了你的利益For your benefit, I recommend you quit smoking.为了你好，我建议你戒烟。for [sb]'s/[sth]'s benefit, for the benefit of [sb/sth] expr (to create impression for)为了；为了...好；为了...的利益The celebrity struck a pose for the benefit of the cameras.forbid [sb] from doing [sth], forbid [sb] to do [sth] v expr (command against)禁止...做...；不准...做...John's parents forbade him to spend any more time with his troublesome friends.约翰的父母禁止他再跟他那些爱惹麻烦的朋友们厮混。force [sb] vtr (compel, oblige)强迫；逼迫Beth didn't want to eat anything, but her parents forced her.贝丝不想吃任何东西，但她父母却逼迫她吃。force [sb] to do [sth] v expr (compel, oblige)强迫某人做某事His father forced him to take out the rubbish.他爸强迫他把垃圾拿出去丢掉。force yourself on [sb] v expr (rape)强奸；强暴force feed [sb/sth], force-feed [sb/sth] vtr (animal, person: feed against their will)强迫...进食；填鸭Her hunger strike was cut short after they force-fed her.他们强迫她进食，导致她的绝食抗议提前中止了。force feed [sb/sth] [sth], force-feed [sb/sth] [sth] vtr (animal, person: force to eat)强迫...吃某物The guards force-fed the prisoner food.守卫们强迫囚犯吃东西。force-feed [sth] to [sb] vtr figurative (impose: [sth] on [sb])将…强行灌输给The regime force-fed propaganda to the people.force [sb] out of [sth] v expr figurative (compel to leave)迫使...离开，驱逐...离开；迫使...放弃He was forced out of retirement when they cut off his pension.forearm [sb] vtr figurative (prepare for [sth] bad)预先武装；为战斗等…提早做好准备Parents should forearm their children for dangerous situations by warning them about strangers.父母应该事先提醒他们的孩子对陌生人保持警觉，以避免发生危险的情况。foredoom [sb/sth] vtr (condemn, fate)命中注定；命运安排forego [sth/sb] vtr archaic (go before, precede)走在…之前；在…之前；先行于forestall [sb] vtr (anticipate, act before)先发制人；赶在…之前行动Gretchen forestalled her parents by creating a diversion.格雷琴在父母发现前成功地转移了他们的注意力。forewarn [sb] vtr (with clause: notify in advance)预先警告；事先预警Perry forewarned everyone that the conference might end late.佩里预先通知大家，会议可能很晚才会结束。forewarn [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (notify in advance)警告；预先告诫It's important to forewarn children of the dangers of talking to strangers.forgive [sb] vtr (pardon)原谅, 宽恕；豁免, 免除If you apologise for being late, I will forgive you.如果你就迟到一事道歉，我就原谅你。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 债主豁免了他的债务。forgive [sb] vtr (stop resenting [sb])原谅；宽恕My parents used to beat me, and I can never forgive them.form [sb] vtr usu passive (instruct)培养；使受教育She was formed in one of the best schools.forsake [sb/sth] vtr literary (abandon)抛弃；放弃The soldier decided to forsake his responsibilities to his country and deserted.那位士兵决定抛弃自己的国家的职责，叛逃离开。fortify [sb] vtr (give strength to)强化The elixir fortified the hero, and he ran back into battle.forward [sth] to [sb], forward [sb] [sth] vtr + prep (transmit, retransmit [sth] to [sb])将…转发给Let me forward this email to you.我来把这封邮件转发给你。forward [sth] to [sb], forward [sb] [sth] vtr + prep (mail, letter: send on to [sb])向...转发；向...发送The woman living in my old apartment forwarded all my mail to me.现在住在我旧公寓里的女士把我所有的邮件都转寄给我了。foster [sb] vtr (bring up)抚养；照顾They decided to foster the two orphans.foul [sb] vtr (sport: play unfairly) (体育比赛)对...犯规He fouled his opponent but the referee wasn't paying attention.fox [sb] vtr informal (perplex)难住；难倒；使困惑Your riddle's really foxed me! What's the answer?你的谜面真得难住我了！谜底是什么？frame [sb] vtr slang (trick, incriminate)陷害；诬害The police framed me, I tell you! I didn't do it!警察陷害我。告诉你，不是我干的！frame [sb] for [sth] vtr slang (trick, incriminate)设圈套陷害；构陷…有（罪）Hall claimed that his former business partner had framed him for the crime.霍尔称之前的商业合伙人诬陷自己犯罪。fraternize with [sb], also UK: fraternise with [sb] vi + prep (associate with [sb])与…友好交往；与…友好来往frazzle [sb] vtr informal (exhaust)使疲惫不堪，使精疲力竭The noisy crowd frazzled Kim, and she was exhausted by the time she got home.喧闹的人群让金疲惫不堪，回到家时她已筋疲力尽。free [sb/sth] vtr (release, liberate [sb], [sth])解放；释放；使自由Slaves were freed in 1865 in the USA.美国1865年解放了奴隶。free [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep figurative (exempt [sb] from duty)使…免除；让…免于做Household appliances have freed us from many of the time-consuming chores our grandparents had to do.家用电器让我们免于做那些我们祖父母辈不得不做的耗时家务。free [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (exempt)解除某人的某种责任；免于某人做某事His hearing problem freed him from military service.他的听力障碍让他免于服兵役。free [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (relieve of)使某人摆脱某事；免于某人做某事Buying online will free you of the need to go to the shops.在线购物可免于您亲自去商店的麻烦。free [sb/sth] from [sth] vtr + prep (disengage)将...从...中解开；将...从...松开He couldn't free the fishing line from the weeds.他没法将鱼线从水草的缠绕中解开。free [sb] from an obligation v expr (release [sb] from a duty)解除...的责任He's been taking care of his elderly parents for years; finally, his siblings have decided to free him from that obligation by taking on more responsibility themselves.free yourself from [sth/sb] vtr (reject, throw off)使自己摆脱；挣脱French [sb], french [sb] vtr US, slang (kiss with tongues)法式深吻A teacher found Susie and Jimmy Frenching each other behind the bleachers!一名老师发现苏茜和吉米在体育馆露天座椅后法式深吻。French kiss [sb], soul kiss [sb], deep kiss [sb] vtr slang (kiss using tongue)深吻..., 舌吻...frenzy [sb] vtr often passive (drive to frenzy)使…发狂；使…暴怒be friends with [sb] v expr (on good or intimate terms with)与某人要好；与某人交好I'm still friends with my college roommate: we keep in touch regularly.我仍然和大学室友关系要好，我们还常有联系。friend [sb] vtr (befriend on social media) (在网上)和…交朋友I friended a girl I used to know in high school.我把高中时就认识的一个女孩子加为了好友。friendly to [sb] adj + prep (warm, kind)对…友好；对…和善She was friendly to the new girl, who appreciated her kindness.她对新来的女孩很友好，女孩儿也很感激她的善意。friendly with [sb] adj + prep (on close terms)和…关系亲近Are you friendly with your next-door neighbours?你和隔壁邻居的关系亲近么？frig [sb] vtr slang, vulgar (have sex with) (俚语，粗俗语)与…性交frighten [sb/sth] vtr (scare [sb], [sth])吓到；吓怕You frightened me, jumping out of nowhere like that! Her hoots of laughter frightened the cat.你就那样突然出现，吓了我一跳！她的一阵阵笑声吓到了那只猫。frighten [sb] into doing [sth] vtr (intimidate [sb])威胁某人做某事；恐吓某人做某事They were trying to frighten the witness into keeping silent.他们企图威胁那个证人保持沉默。frighten [sb/sth] away, frighten away [sb/sth] vtr + adv literal (cause [sb/sth] to run away)把…吓跑，把…吓走frighten [sb/sth] away, frighten away [sb/sth] vtr + adv (deter, discourage)使…灰心，使…丧气The new translator hasn't responded to the feedback I gave her; I'm worried I've frightened her away.be frightened of [sb/sth] v expr (be scared of)害怕...的，对...感到恐惧的It's quite common to be frightened of spiders.害怕蜘蛛很常见。frisk [sb] vtr (conduct a body search on)搜查...身体；用…搜…的身Andrew claimed that the police frisked him without any cause.安德鲁声称警察无故对其搜身。frogmarch [sb], frog-march [sb] vtr (force to walk or march)迫使...双手抱头前进from the bottom of [sb]'s heart expr (with deep sincerity)发自内心地；发自肺腑地from under [sb]'s nose, right from under [sb]'s nose, from under [sb]'s very nose expr figurative (in full view of [sb])从眼皮底下frown at [sb] vi + prep (scowl, show disapproval)对…皱眉；以皱眉对…表示不满Don't frown at me; I'm not the one who wrecked your car.别对我皱眉，我才不是弄坏你车子的罪魁祸首。frustrate [sb] vtr (exasperate)打击；使苦恼；使受挫折It frustrates me when you act as if I'm not doing enough.当你表现得好像我还做得不够时候，我便很沮丧。frustrate [sb]'s plans v expr (thwart [sb])破坏某人的计划；使某人的计划受挫The heavy rain frustrated our plans to go to the beach.fry [sb] vtr slang, figurative (execute by electric chair)以电刑处死The state fried the death row inmate last week.f*** [sb] vtr vulgar, offensive, slang (have sex with) (粗话)与…性交；操；干Sally murmured in Harry's ear that she'd really like him to f*** her.莎莉在哈利耳边喃喃地说她真的好想被操。f*** [sb] vtr figurative, vulgar, offensive, slang (put in difficult position) (粗话)折腾，使...陷于困境中They really f***ed him in the new contract.他们在新合同中把他压榨的够呛。f*** [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep vulgar, offensive, slang (insert [sth] into an orifice)用（手、工具等）来操某人Julie likes her boyfriend to f*** her with a vibrator.朱莉喜欢男朋友用振动器操她。f*** [sb] out of [sth] vtr figurative, vulgar, offensive, slang (defraud)从…处骗走He f***ed me out of a hundred dollars.他从我这里骗走了一百美元。f*** [sth] up for [sb] v expr vulgar, offensive, slang (spoil)把…的…毁掉Bob felt bad about f***ing the holiday up for everyone else by becoming ill.鲍勃为自己生病而把其他所有人的假期都毁掉了一事感到抱歉。fuddle [sb] vtr (confuse, muddle)使糊涂The confusing instruction sheet fuddled even the smartest student in the class.这份令人困惑的说明书就连班上最聪明的学生也被搞糊涂了。fulfill [sb] (US), fulfil [sb] (UK) vtr (satisfy)使…满意I can't say my job at the supermarket really fulfills me.我不能说在超市的工作很令我满意。fulminate against [sth/sb] vi + prep (denounce, criticize strongly)强烈斥责；严厉谴责；愤怒驳斥furlough [sb] vtr US (military: grant leave) (军队)准予…休假；给...批假After three years of active service the soldier was glad to finally be furloughed.furlough [sb] vtr (worker: lay off temporarily)下岗, 开除, 解雇The majority of the workers were furloughed until summer.furnish [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (provide with)给...提供；为...装备NATO furnished the rebels with supplies and weapons.北约组织给那些造反者提供了物资和武器。fusillade [sb/sth] vtr (attack with gunfire) (枪炮)对…连射，炮火启发地攻击The soldiers fusilladed the bunker before advancing.gag [sb] vtr (put a gag on)堵住...的嘴；塞住...的嘴The kidnapper gagged the victim.绑架犯堵住了受害人的嘴。gag [sb] vtr figurative (ban from speaking)禁止...发表言论The court gagged the media to protect the defendant.法庭禁止媒体发表言论，以此保护被告。gaggle of [sb] n figurative (group, huddle)一群A gaggle of teenage girls walked by, chattering and laughing.gain the confidence of [sb] v expr (become trusted by)赢得；获得…的信心；信任I have managed to gain the confidence of our newest client.He gained the confidence of his managers through his excellent work.gall [sb] vtr (bother, irritate)惹怒；激怒；使恼怒Kyle's rudeness galled his wife.凯尔的无礼惹怒了他的妻子。galvanize [sb], also UK: galvanise [sb] vtr figurative (spur to action)刺激；振奋；激将The new manager's enthusiasm has galvanized the team.galvanize [sb] to do [sth], also UK: galvanise [sb] to do [sth] v expr figurative (spur to take action)刺激某人做某事；激励某人做某事Her coworkers' enthusiasm galvanized Nora to finish the project.galvanize [sb] into [sth], also UK: galvanise [sb] into [sth] v expr figurative (spur into taking action)刺激某人做某事；激励某人做某事The teacher's speech galvanized the students into improving on their work significantly.老师的言辞激励了学生，让他们作业获得了大幅度的提高。gammon [sb] vtr (backgammon: defeat [sb]) (双陆棋)以全胜击败The woman gammoned her opponent and won the tournament.gammon [sb] vtr dated, informal (tell [sb] nonsense)对…胡言乱语My cousin gammoned me for an hour before finally leaving.gang rape [sb], gang-rape [sb] vtr (force sex with several people)轮奸某人；多人强暴某人gangbang [sb] vtr slang (rape by gang members)轮奸The poor woman was abducted near campus and gangbanged.gape at [sth/sb] vi + prep (stare open-mouthed at)目瞪口呆地凝视The children gaped at the dog balancing on top of a ball.The students gaped at the teacher when she used a curse word.garland [sb/sth] vtr (place wreath on)给...戴花环The woman garlanded the winners with flowers after the race.garrison [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (station troops somewhere)派...驻守；派部队驻防The field marshal garrisoned his troops in and around this city.garrote [sb], garrotte [sb] vtr (strangle) (用金属环或金属丝)勒死, 扼死gas [sb] vtr (kill with fumes)用毒气杀死The despot gassed his political enemies.gas [sb] vtr (attack with gas)对...施放毒气The enemy gassed our troops.gash [sth/sb] vtr (cut deeply) (深深地)切开，划开，割开The thieves gashed him on the face and hands.gaslight [sb] vtr US, informal (manipulate to doubt reality)操控； (一种感情操纵手段)煤气灯操纵gate [sb] vtr UK, dated (confine to university grounds) (大学生)禁止…外出gather [sb/sth] vtr (assemble)集合；召集；使聚拢Gather the people together so we can begin the musical program.把大家集合起来，我们好开始音乐节目。gather [sb] vtr (embrace)拥抱；使靠近Gather your children close to you.gawk at [sb/sth] vi + prep (stare, gawp at)呆呆地看Sarah's friends gawked at her when she arrived at the party wearing a cow costume.gaze at [sb/sth] vi + prep (look intently at)凝视着We lay on our backs and gazed at the stars.我们一个大字地躺下，凝视着星星。gazump [sb] vtr UK, informal (housebuying: bid higher) (指房子的价格)最后时刻抬价改售, 在最后时刻抬高房价, 抬价敲诈gear [sth] toward [sth/sb], gear [sth] towards [sth/sb] vtr + prep (aim at)使…适应，使…适合，使…针对，使…面向The TV company geared the show toward teenage girls.电视公司这档节目面向的是十多岁少女。be geared toward [sth/sb], be geared towards [sth/sb] v expr (intended for)针对；面向The 10k run/walk is geared toward all levels of ability, from professional marathoners to moms with strollers.gen [sb] up on [sth] v expr UK, informal (brief [sb] about [sth])帮助某人了解；帮助某人补习gender [sth/sb] vtr (classify according to gender)按性别归类There are some qualities that have traditionally been gendered as masculine and others that have been gendered as feminine.gestate [sth/sb] vtr (be pregnant with)使怀孕get [sb] to do [sth] vtr informal (persuade)说服...做某事；劝导...做某事I got him to give me a pay rise.我说服了他给我加工资。get [sb] vtr informal (reach) (非正式用语)联系到, 联系上You can get me by telephone or e-mail.get [sb] vtr informal (touch emotionally) (非正式用语)使感动, 使有感触That film gets me every time.get [sb] vtr informal (hit) (非正式用语)击中, 打中The bullet got him in the stomach.get [sb] vtr informal (have revenge on) (非正式用语)报复, 向…复仇I'll get you for that!get [sb] vtr informal (bother) (非正式用语)惹怒, 使生气What gets me about the film is why he never comes back.get [sb] vtr informal (capture) (非正式用语)抓到, 逮到The police got him in the end.get a glimpse of [sth/sb] v expr (catch sight of briefly)瞥见；瞅见The fans crowded around the door to get a glimpse of the athletes leaving the stadium.get a kick out of [sth/sb] v expr slang (enjoy, take pleasure in)因…激动；刺激；痛快She gets a kick out of watching talking animal videos.get a rise out of [sb] v expr informal (provoke: [sb])有意惹…生气He's just making faces to get a rise out of you.get acquainted with [sb] v expr (get to know a person)结识...My kids got acquainted with the neighbors' children on the day they moved in.get ahold of [sb/sth] v expr US, informal (grab, grasp)抓住；握住get ahold of [sb] v expr US, informal (make contact)联系I've called her house, her work, and her cell; I can't get ahold of her.get [sb] confused vtr + adj informal (confuse)分辨不清；搞混You've got me confused now; which film are you talking about?现在，你把我弄糊涂了。你在说哪部电影?get [sth/sb] confused with [sth/sb] v expr informal (mix up, fail to distinguish [sth/sb])把…与…搞混；对…与…分辨不清I always get Greta confused with Verna - they look so much alike.get confused with [sb/sth] v expr informal (be mistaken for [sb])被搞混；被混淆；被错当成I always get confused with my sister: she's also a brunette, and the same height as me.get cozy with [sb] (US), get cosy with [sb] (UK) v expr figurative, informal (ingratiate yourself with [sb])与...交好；迎合get [sb] drunk vtr + adj informal (make intoxicated)把…灌醉You should get him drunk before you ask that question.get engaged to [sb] vi + adj (promise to marry)跟…订婚After living together for seven years, she finally got engaged to her boyfriend last night.在一起生活七年后，昨晚她终于和男朋友订婚了。get even with [sb] vi + adj (revenge)向...报仇；跟...算账I'm going to get even with him when I see him.get even with [sb] for [sth] vi + adj (revenge)为某事向某人报仇；跟某人算某事的账Pilar made plans to get even with her sister for breaking her promise.get friendly (with [sb]) vi + adj informal (make friends)与某人成为朋友get friendly (with [sb]) vi + adj informal (behave in overfamiliar way)与某人过于亲热get friendly (with [sb]) vi + adj informal, figurative (make sexual advances)追求某人；向某人求爱；撩拨某人get hold of [sb] v expr figurative (reach, contact [sb])联系上I've been trying to get hold of him all week, but he's always out.我整个星期都在试图联系他，不过他一直都外出不在。get hold of [sb/sth] v expr (grasp)抓到，捉住She got hold of his arm and pulled him towards her.她捉住他的手臂，将他拉向自己。get in contact with [sb] v expr (get in touch with)开始与…接触；与…建立联系You can get in contact with us at the address above.get in touch with [sb] v expr informal (make contact)和…联系；和…取得联系I would like to get in touch with my old friends from college.我想和我大学的老朋友们取得联系。get in [sb]'s hair, be in [sb]'s hair v expr figurative, informal (annoy, disturb)心烦意乱；烦恼get [sb] into trouble, get [sb] in trouble v expr (cause [sb] to be reprimanded)给...惹麻烦；让...陷入麻烦Chloe got me into trouble by passing me notes in class.克洛伊在课堂上给我递纸条，使我陷入了麻烦。get [sb] into trouble v expr dated, informal (get [sb] pregnant outside marriage) (指未婚时或婚外)让...怀孕When Arthur got Rita into trouble, their parents were furious.当亚瑟让丽塔怀孕后，他们的父母非常生气。get involved with [sb] v expr (start romance)跟…交往When she got involved with Kevin, Hattie stopped seeing her friends.海蒂和凯文交往后就不再和朋友来往了。get involved with [sb] v expr (have dealings)跟…来往；跟…打交道The businessman made the mistake of getting involved with known criminals.该商人犯了错，竟然与已知罪犯有来往。get landed with [sth/sb] vtr informal (be burdened with) (非正式用语)背上…的重负I always get landed with the worst jobs.get lucky with [sb] v expr (have sexual encounter with)与...成功滚床单get married to [sb] vi (become [sb]'s husband or wife)和…结婚Paul got married to his high school girlfriend.保罗与他高中女朋友结婚了。get [sb] muddled vtr + adj informal (confuse)把…搞糊涂You got me muddled when you changed all the details of our meeting.get next to [sb] v expr US, figurative, informal (get into [sb]'s favor)讨好；获得...的青睐get off [sb]'s back v expr figurative, informal (stop nagging [sb])别唠叨某人get on top of [sb] v expr figurative (overwhelm)让...觉得无所适从；让...不知所措get on well with [sb] v expr informal (be friends)与…处得来；与…相处良好I get on well with my sister.get on [sb]'s nerves v expr informal (irritate)惹得…烦躁不安Her husband's constant grumbling was starting to get on Olga's nerves.get one over on [sb] v expr slang (fool, trick) (俚语)欺骗；愚弄get [sth/sb] out of your mind v expr (stop thinking about [sth])忘记某事；别再想某事I know it was a tough breakup, but you need to get it out of your mind.get [sth] ready for [sb] vtr + adj (prepare [sth] for [sb])为…准备好The marketing manager is getting a report ready for the director of the company.市场经理正在为公司的懂事准备好报告。get rid of [sb] v expr informal (person: make leave)摆脱I'm trying to think of some way of getting rid of him.我正在想法子摆脱他。get rough with [sb] v expr (behave violently)行为粗暴Jack was getting too rough with his brother and ended up hurting him.get short shrift from [sb] v expr (be treated curtly by)受到某人的怠慢；受到某人的冷遇get shot of [sb], be shot of [sb] v expr UK, informal (person: make leave)除掉；解决get smart with [sb] v expr informal (be insolent towards [sb])跟...耍聪明；跟...班门弄斧get [sb] started vtr + adj (help to begin)帮助开始Mark wasn't sure how to write his essay, but it was easier after the teacher got him started.马克不知道如何起笔自己的论文，但是事情在老师帮助自己开始后简单了许多。get [sb] started with [sth], get [sb] started on [sth] vtr + adj (help to begin)帮助…开始（事业等）Working in her father's restaurant got Carla started on her career as a chef.在父亲的餐馆工作，帮助卡拉开始自己的厨师事业。get [sb] started vtr + adj (prompt to talk)使…开始喋喋不休地谈论Don't get him started. He'll rant about it for an hour!别让他开始喋喋不休。他会为此滔滔不绝一小时！get [sb] started on [sth] vtr + adj (prompt to talk)让某人提起某事，让某人想起某事The news article got Tony started on the subject of house prices. Don't get me started on what happened in Parliament this week!该新闻报道使托尼开始就房价的话题发表看法。可别提这周国会的事儿了！get stuck with [sth/sb] v expr informal (burden)陷入困境；无法脱身My sister went shopping with her friend and I got stuck with babysitting her two small children.我姐姐和朋友出去购物了，我因为照看她的两个小孩而无法脱身。get the better of [sb], get the best of [sb] v expr (defeat)战胜；打败Manchester United managed to get the better of Liverpool with an impressive 4-0 victory.get the drop on [sb], have the drop on [sb] v expr US, informal (draw gun faster than)比...更快出手；比...更快掏枪get the drop on [sb], have the drop on [sb] v expr US, informal (have at a disadvantage)让...处于劣势；取得相对于...的优势get the goods on [sb] v expr informal, figurative (get secret information)了解某人的秘事；获知某人的秘密get the third degree from [sb] v expr informal (be interrogated)受到某人的审问；受到某人的审讯get to [sth/sb] vi + prep (reach, arrive)到达；抵达John got to Cambridge at about five o'clock.约翰大概五点钟到达剑桥。get to [sb] vi + prep slang (bother)打扰；影响到His incessant whistling really gets to me.他不停地吹口哨真让我心烦。get to know [sb] v expr (become familiar with)认识；逐渐熟悉；逐渐了解；更多地了解I need to get to know you before we start a business together. I would like to get to know you better.我们一起共同创业之前，我需要更多地了解你。我想要多了解了解你。get [sb] up in [sth] v expr slang (dress [sb])给…穿My dad hates wearing a suit, but we got him up in one for the wedding.我爸讨厌穿西装，但为了参加婚礼，我们给他穿了一套。get up [sb]'s nose v expr UK, informal (annoy [sb])惹恼；使…生气get [sb]'s back up v expr informal (offend, annoy)惹...生气get [sb]'s dander up v expr figurative, informal (make [sb] angry)生气，怒火，怒气Cruelty to animals really gets my dander up.对动物的残忍行为非常让我生气。get [sb]'s goat v expr figurative (annoy [sb])惹人生气get your own back on [sb] v expr informal (get revenge on)报复…ghettoize [sb], also UK: ghettoise [sb] vtr (isolate in a ghetto)使集中隔离居住ghost for [sb] vi + prep informal, abbreviation (ghostwrite: write on behalf of [sb] else)替…代笔The singer has just published her autobiography; an experienced author ghosted for her.那位歌手刚刚出版她的自传，一位专业的作家替她代笔完成的。ghost [sb] vtr informal (refuse to communicate with)突然与…中断联系；突然对…不理不睬Pippa wonders what she did wrong for Mick to ghost her after their second date.ghostwrite for [sb] vi + prep (write on behalf of [sb] else)为某人代笔；为某人捉刀giddy [sb] vtr (make [sb] giddy)使…头晕，使…眩晕；使…眼花缭乱，使…目眩神迷；使…急速旋转give [sb] [sth] vtr (hand, pass: [sb] [sth])给；给予；递给Could you give me that book over there, please?请您把那儿的那本书给我，好吗？give [sth] to [sb] vtr (hand, pass: [sth] to [sb])把…给予；把…交给；递给Can you give that book to me?你能把那本书给我吗？give [sb] [sth] vtr (as a gift)赠予；赠送；送给She gave me a tie for my birthday.她送我一根领带作生日礼物。give [sb] [sth] vtr (provide)提供...给；向...供应；给某人某物Can you give me something to eat?你可以给我点吃的吗？give [sb] [sth], give [sb] [sth] for [sth] vtr (pay)支付某人某物；付款给；向...缴纳I'll give you five hundred dollars for that car.那辆车我会付你五百美元。give [sb] [sth] vtr (assign, allot)将...分配给；指派...给After three interviews she was given the job.经过三次面试后，她得到了那个工作。give [sb] [sth] vtr (place in [sb]'s care)将某物交付…保管I gave them the house keys for the week.give [sb] [sth] vtr (cause)使得…感到It gives me great pleasure to welcome you tonight.give [sb] [sth] vtr (infect) (疾病)传染；感染；传给She's given me her cold.give [sb] [sth] vtr (deliver)将...传递给；将...传达给Give them our fondest regards.give [sth] to [sb] vtr (inflict)使...遭受；使...承受He gave detention to the whole class.give [sb] [sth] vtr (administer) (药物)给…服用How much aspirin should I give her?give [sb] [sb] vtr (make pregnant) (指怀孕)使...怀上Her husband gave her two boys within three years of the wedding.give [sb] a bad name v expr figurative (damage [sb]'s reputation)损坏某人名声Your behaviour is giving me a bad name in the neighbourhood!give [sb] a bell v expr UK, slang (phone [sb])给…打电话Give me a bell when you need picking up from the station.give a boost to [sth/sb], give [sth/sb] a boost v expr (assist, encourage)促进，推进；激励The advertisement gave a boost to the company's sales.give [sb] a call v expr informal (phone [sb])给…打电话give [sb] a complex v expr (make self-conscious)让…感到难为情If you keep mentioning her weight, you'll give her a complex.give [sb] a dirty look v expr informal (look resentfully at)厌憎地看...一眼give [sth/sb] a flick v expr (flip lightly with finger)轻弹；轻击give [sb] a good telling-off, give [sb] a good telling off v expr informal (reprimand)将某人狠骂一通When the boss found out what had happened, Sally was taken into the office and given a good telling-off.give [sb] a hand v expr informal (help [sb])对...伸出援手，帮助；给...搭把手I needed help carrying the wardrobe and the neighbour gave me a hand.give [sb] a hand, give a hand to [sb] v expr informal (applaud)给...献上掌声；为...鼓掌Let's give a big hand to our next act.give [sb] a handout, give a handout to [sb], also UK: give [sb] a hand-out, give a hand-out to [sb] v expr (give financial aid)提供资金援助give [sb] a hard time v expr informal (treat harshly)跟...过不去；为难They gave me a hard time at the interview.give [sb] a hard time about [sth], give [sb] a hard time over [sth] v expr informal (berate)责备；责骂My dad gave me a hard time about not finishing my homework.give [sb] a heads-up, give [sb] a heads up, give a heads-up to [sb], give a heads up to [sb] v expr informal (inform, warn [sb])提前通知；警告give [sb] a helping hand, give a helping hand to [sb] v expr (assist, help)帮助；援助；协助You should give a helping hand to the needy.give [sb] a kicking v expr informal (attack physically, beat)踢（某人）一脚；踢打give [sb] a kicking v expr figurative, informal (defeat [sb])打败；击败give [sb] a kicking v expr figurative, informal (criticize [sb] heavily)猛烈抨击The film critic gave the director a kicking for the boring film.give [sb] a leg to stand on expr figurative (support [sb]'s claim)帮某人佐证；帮某人证明；为某人从旁佐证give [sb] a leg up, give a leg up to [sb] v expr (lift [sb])帮忙将某人抬起来；帮忙托举某人give [sb] a leg up, give a leg up to [sb] v expr figurative, informal (give [sb] an advantage)给某人优势；帮某人获得优势give [sb] a piece of your mind v expr (scold harshly)辱骂；斥责give a piggyback, give a piggyback to [sb], give [sb] a piggyback v expr informal (carry [sb] on your back)背着；背在肩上My ankle hurts - please give me a piggyback.give [sb] a raise, give a raise to [sb] (US), give [sb] a rise, give a rise to [sb] (UK) v expr informal (increase [sb]'s pay)给…加薪，给…涨工资give [sb] a ride, give a ride to [sb] (US), give [sb] a lift, give a lift to [sb] (UK) v expr informal (take in car)送…；让…搭车I'll give you a ride to the airport.give [sb] a rocket v expr UK, informal (reprimand [sb] severely)严厉斥责；痛骂Jim's boss gave him a rocket for losing the data.give a second thought to [sth/sb], give [sth/sb] a second thought v expr informal (consideration)再次考虑；再三思量备注: Often used in the negative.Most people don't give a second thought to the problems of the homeless.give [sb] a shout-out, give a shout-out to [sb] v expr informal (acknowledge by name)公开向某人致意；对某人表示感谢During his speech, the student gave a shout-out to the teachers who had encouraged him.give [sb/sth] a standing ovation v expr (audience: rise to applaud [sb/sth])起立鼓掌The crowd gave the film a standing ovation.give [sb] a taste of his/her/their own medicine, give [sb] a dose of his/her/their own medicine v expr figurative (punish [sb] using their own methods)自食苦果give [sb] a thrashing v expr informal (beat physically)殴打；揍give [sb] a thrashing v expr figurative, informal (defeat: at sport, etc.)击败；完败give [sb] a wedgie v expr slang (pull [sb]'s underpants up hard) (恶作剧)内裤卡屁眼备注: 把对方内裤高高拉起，拉到内裤卡在屁股中间give a wide berth to [sb/sth], give [sb/sth] a wide berth v expr figurative (keep away from)避开；保持距离give aid to [sb/sth] v expr (provide charity)捐款；捐赠（物品）Some criminals ease their conscience by giving aid to the poor.give [sb/sth] airtime, give airtime to [sb/sth] v expr (TV, radio: publicize) (电视台)播放，播映； (电台)广播give your assurance that, give [sb] your assurance that v expr (with clause: guarantee)向...保证...give birth to [sb] v expr (woman: to baby) (人)生（孩子）Emily gave birth to twin girls last Saturday.上周六，艾米丽生了一对双胞胎女婴。give [sb] chapter and verse on [sth] v expr figurative (tell [sb] [sth] in detail)向某人详细描述give [sb] comfort, give comfort to [sb] vtr + n (console, reassure)安慰；安抚Religion often gives comfort to people in times of trouble.give [sb] credit, give [sb] credit on [sth] vtr + n (allow delayed payment)让…赊账I soon regretted giving him credit on that purchase.give [sb] credit for [sth], give [sb] credit for doing [sth] v expr (acknowledge)为…而称赞某人Teresa gave Simon credit for admitting responsibility for the mistake.give credit to [sb] for [sth], give credit to [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (acknowledge)为…而称赞某人Many commentators have given credit to Karzai for leading the country to recovery.give [sb] credit, give [sb] some credit vtr + n (recognize worth)赏识，赞许；承认I'm not that stupid; give me some credit!give encouragement to [sb] v expr (offer moral support, cheer [sb] on)鼓励；激励Mary always gives encouragement to her students.；give [sb] hell vtr + n slang (reprimand [sb] severely)狠狠数落某人If you keep doing the opposite of what dad tells you, he's going to give you hell one day.give [sb] help vtr + n (assist)给某人帮忙；协助某人give information to [sb] vtr (guide, advise)给…指导；给…建议The doctor gave information about the outbreak to all the patients who came to see him.give information to [sb] vtr (tell: the police) (警察)向...提供信息Anyone who can give information to the police on the recent robberies, please contact us right away.give it to [sb] v expr slang (reprimand, punish)谴责；责难give life to [sb] vtr (give birth to)给予...生命；生下give [sb] lip vtr + n figurative, slang (be cheeky to) (俚语)顶嘴；出言不逊Fred fired his employee for giving him lip.give [sb] mixed signals, give [sb] mixed messages v expr (give conflicting impressions)给某人自相矛盾的意思；让某人难以理解give [sb] no quarter v expr (show no mercy)对...毫不留情The border guards gave no quarter to anyone they caught trying to cross illegally.give [sb] pause vtr + n (make you stop, think)使…停了下来Seeing the armed guards on the door gave Nathan pause.give [sb] pause to do [sth] v expr (make you stop, think)使某人停下来做某事Samantha's death has given us all pause to reflect on what is important in life.give [sb] permission v expr (allow [sb] to do [sth])许可；同意give [sb] permission to do [sth] v expr (allow [sb] to do [sth])同意某人做某事give [sb] relief vtr + n (sooth pain, burden)减轻；抚平Take this medicine; it'll you give relief.吃了这种药，能减轻你的痛苦。give [sb] s*** vtr + n vulgar, slang (attack verbally)顶撞Every time I need something from you, you give me s***.give [sb] s*** vtr + n vulgar, slang (refuse to cooperate)跟…闹别扭，给…找麻烦Stop giving me s*** and just do as I say.give [sb] short shrift, give short shrift to [sb] v expr (deal curtly with)怠慢；轻慢give [sb] support, lend [sb] support v expr (help, assist [sb])支持，支援；帮助，协助give support to [sb], lend support to [sb] v expr (help, assist [sb])支持，支援；帮助，协助give [sb] the benefit of the doubt v expr (believe [sb] despite misgivings)姑且认为...是对的；暂且相信When John said he hadn't broken the lamp, I decided to give him the benefit of the doubt and believe him.give [sb] the boot v expr figurative, slang (dismiss [sb]) (俚语)开除；炒鱿鱼They gave him the boot for always being late to the office.give [sb] the brushoff (US), give [sb] the brush-off (UK) v expr figurative, slang (snub [sb]) (某人)忽视；轻视；忽略；不理睬give [sb] the bum's rush v expr slang (dismiss [sb] rudely) (俚语)将某人赶走；将某人打发走give [sb] the bum's rush v expr slang (eject [sb] forcibly) (俚语)将某人轰走；强行驱赶give [sb] the chop v expr informal (dismiss [sb] from job)开除；将某人炒鱿鱼give [sb] the cold shoulder v expr informal, figurative (snub)冷淡；轻视；冷落After the incident, they all gave her the cold shoulder.give [sb] the creeps v expr slang (unnerve [sb])使...毛骨悚然；使...惊恐万分give [sb/sth] the elbow v expr informal, figurative (break with, reject)与...分手；与...决裂；放弃My sister has finally given her no-good boyfriend the elbow. Isn't it about time we gave these old-fashioned customs the elbow?give [sb] the eye v expr UK, informal, figurative (look at [sb] seductively)向…抛媚眼give [sb] the eye v expr US, informal (look at critically)冷冷地看着，瞪了…一眼A woman stole my parking spot, so when I saw her in the store, I gave her the eye.give the finger to [sb], give [sb] the finger v expr (make offensive middle-finger gesture)对...竖中指；向...比中指give the finger to [sb], give [sb] the finger v expr figurative (defy [sb], be disrespectful)叛逆；反抗； (表示不尊)对...竖中指Punk rock has always been about giving the finger to those in authority.give [sb] the glad hand, give the glad hand to [sb] v expr informal (greet insincerely)真诚问候；诚心问候；诚意问候give [sb] the go-ahead, give the go-ahead to [sb] v expr informal (authorize [sb] to do [sth])批准；向...授予许可give [sb] the go-by v expr informal (snub deliberately)故意不理睬；故意忽视give [sb] the heebie-jeebies v expr informal (unnerve [sb])让某人发怵；让某人汗毛倒竖Even thinking about the haunted house gave him the heebie jeebies.give [sb] the horn v expr slang (excite sexually) (俚语)让某人性兴奋；给某人性刺激give [sb] the runaround v expr informal, figurative (be evasive)故意打发某人；搪塞某人；对某人打马虎眼give [sb] the slip, give the slip to [sb] v expr (escape from [sb] following you)甩掉；摆脱give [sb] the third degree v expr informal (interrogate, question)审讯；审问give [sb] the willies v expr slang (make [sb] nervous) (俚语)让某人紧张；使某人焦虑give [sb] up for adoption v expr (give up custody of child)放弃…的抚养权，让人领养Because of her difficult financial situation, Alexis gave up her son for adoption.give way to [sth/sb] v expr (driving: yield to, give priority to) (驾驶中)给…让路When driving in the UK, remember to give way to traffic on your right.在英国开车时，请记得给右边的车辆让道。give way to [sb/sth] v expr (give in to: [sb], [sth])对…屈服；对…让步Adrian pestered me so much about going to the party that eventually I gave way to him.艾德里安老是缠着我要我去参加那个派对，最后我还是不得不答应他了。give [sth/sb] your attention v expr (focus on)在...中投入精力give [sb] his/her/their due v expr (give credit to)承认；认可give your two cents, give [sb] your two cents v expr US, figurative (offer opinion)给…提供自己的看法glad-hand [sb] vtr informal (greet insincerely)假意欢迎gladden [sb/sth] vtr (cheer, make happier)使…开心；使...愉快glance at [sth/sb] vi + prep (look quickly at)朝…投去一瞥；望…一眼Mark kept glancing at the door to see if his date had arrived. We glanced at each other discreetly.马克一直在瞟门口的位置，想知道约会对象到没有。我们悄悄地瞥了彼此一眼。glare at [sb] vi + prep (look angrily at [sb])怒瞪；怒视Susan glared at her boyfriend.苏珊生气地朝他男朋友瞪了一眼。glass [sb] vtr UK, informal (hit [sb] with a glass)用玻璃杯打The thug glassed Steven for accidentally spilling his pint.史蒂文不小心把杯子里的啤酒撒了，就被那个恶棍用玻璃杯砸了头。glimpse [sth/sb] vtr (see briefly)瞥见，眼光掠过Tom glimpsed the sun through the clouds.汤姆透过云层瞥见太阳。glimpse, glimpse of [sth/sb] n (brief sight)（一）瞥The hunter spent all day in the blind without a glimpse of any prey.猎人一整天都呆在黑暗之中，完全瞥不见猎物的踪影。glorify [sb] vtr (honour, praise)赞美；颂扬The church congregation glorifies Jesus.教会颂扬耶稣。glower at [sb/sth] vi + prep (stare moodily at)怒瞪；怒目相视Jason glowered at his math teacher, feeling that algebra was torture.杰森怒视着他的数学老师，感觉代数这门课就是一种折磨。glued to [sb] adj + prep figurative (dependent, attached)粘着别人的, 形影不离的Heather and Jamie are friends, but it's like Jamie is glued to Heather; she can't do anything by herself.希瑟和杰米是朋友，但杰米就好像就粘着希瑟。她自己无法做任何事情。gnaw at [sb] vi + prep figurative (worry, trouble)折磨, 困扰The old woman's warning gnawed at me.老妇人的警告使我很担心。go to [sb] vi + prep (pass to [sb] in a will)以遗产方式留给His house went to the elder son, its contents to the younger.go to [sb/sth] vi + prep (be awarded to) (奖品等)被授予，归于And the Oscar goes to Steve McQueen!奥斯卡奖得主是史蒂夫·麦奎因！go and get [sth/sb] v expr informal (fetch)去卖；去获得；去弄到Dan asked his son to go and get some milk from the local supermarket.go at [sb] fiercely v expr (attack)凶猛地扑向（某人）The boxers were going at each other fiercely.go before [sth/sb] vi + prep (precede)走在…的前面The travel guides go before the tourist group.go behind [sb]'s back v expr figurative, informal (act without [sb]'s knowledge)背着某人；在某人不知情的情况下Don't go behind her back; if you think she's wrong, tell her directly.go cap in hand to [sb] v expr figurative (beg, ask for [sth])乞求某人；央求某人go easy on [sb] v expr informal (be lenient with)温和对待, 宽大对待Please go easy on the new students.请对新生宽容一点。go for [sb] vi + prep (response on walkie talkie) (对讲机规范用语)...听到，请讲'Come in, Peter,' said Matt into his walkie talkie. The reply came: 'Go for Peter.'“呼叫彼得。”马特对着他的对讲机说。那头回答道：“彼得收到。”go halves with [sb] v expr informal (share [sth] equally with [sb])和…平摊When my brother said he'd go halves with me, we decided to buy the boat.go halves with [sb] on [sth] v expr informal (share [sth] equally with [sb])和某人平摊…go in search of [sth/sb] v expr (set out to find)去追求；去寻找Richard went in search of the lost cat.go near [sth/sb] vi + prep (approach, get close to)靠近；接近The noise from the crowd increased every time the ball went near the penalty box.go on and on about [sth/sb] vtr slang (talk incessantly about) (俚语)喋喋不休地说，不休止地说She went on and on about the various celebrities she'd met.go one better than [sb], also US: go [sb] one better v expr (exceed the effort of)胜过某人一筹；比某人更进一步go over [sb]'s head v expr (consult with [sb] of higher rank)与...的上级沟通；找...的前辈商量go over [sb]'s head v expr figurative (not be understood)不懂；不明白Martin's explanation was too complicated; it went over my head.；go past [sth/sb] vi + prep (pass by)走过；路过Amy went past Joe's house on her way to the church.在去教堂的路上，艾米路过了乔的家。go soft on [sb] v expr informal, figurative (be lenient, gentle)心慈手软, 态度不强硬Don't go soft on me, you need to say what you really think.go steady, go steady with [sb] vi US, informal (date one another exclusively)成为关系确定的情侣, 确定关系Sheila and Mike have been going steady for six months.希拉和迈克已经确定恋爱关系六个月了。go to bat for [sb] v expr informal, figurative (show support)支持…go to get [sth/sb] v expr (fetch)去拿；去取回go to [sb]'s head v expr figurative, slang (make egotistical)冲昏了…的头脑His one hit record went to his head, and now he is impossible to live with.go to [sb]'s head, go straight to [sb]'s head v expr (make drunk) (酒)让…上头，使喝醉That glass of wine has gone straight to my head!go toward [sb/sth], go towards [sb/sth] vi + prep (move in the direction of)朝...方向前进；向...方向进发She got up and went towards the door.go up to [sb/sth] v expr (approach, accost)靠近；接近Don't be shy, just go up to him and say hi!go with [sb] vi + prep (accompany)陪伴；与…一起Will you go with me to the hospital?你愿意陪我去医院吗？go with [sb] vi + prep US, slang (date)与…约会, 与…谈恋爱I've been going with Paul for two months now.我和保罗约会两个月了。goad [sb] vtr (provoke deliberately)激怒；对…挑衅Stop goading your little sister!别再刺激你妹妹了！goad [sb] to do [sth] v expr (prompt, spur to do)促使The sudden decline in sales goaded the manager to take action.goad [sb] vtr (prompt, stimulate)提示；暗示The dishes were dirty, and Helen tried to goad Laura about it, but she refused.盘子脏了，海伦试图暗示劳拉去洗，但她并未理会。goad [sb] into [sth], goad [sb] into doing [sth] vtr (prompt into action)促使Richard's pleas eventually goaded Maddy into buying the house.goad [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (prompt, spur into doing)唆使Fiona goaded Ellen into going to the party.godmother [sb] vtr (be godmother)当…的教母She has agreed to godmother her grandniece.她同意当她侄孙女的教母。goggle at [sth/sb] vi + prep (stare stupidly)目瞪口呆地看；瞪视Traffic was terrible because drivers kept slowing to goggle at an accident at the side of the road.goldbrick [sb] vtr US, slang, figurative (trick [sb])欺诈good for [sb/sth] adj + prep (healthy)对…的健康有益Cod liver oil is supposed to be good for you.鱼肝油对你的健康有益。good for [sb/sth] adj + prep (beneficial)对…有益；对…有好处Whoever said that pain is good for the soul?是谁说痛苦对于灵魂有益的？the good of [sth/sb] expr (benefit, advantage)…的利益Political decisions should always be for the good of the people.政治决议总是应当符合人民群众的利益。be good with [sb/sth] v expr (people, animal: handle well)善于应付；善于与…打交道He is good with children and animals.他善于与小孩和动物打交道。be good to [sb] v expr (be kind toward [sb])对...好；对待...好My daughter is good to me; she comes to visit every Sunday and brings cake.我女儿对我很好，每周日都来看我，还带蛋糕来。a good feeling (about [sb]) n (positive evaluation of [sb])对某人感觉良好I've got a good feeling about you. I think you'll go far in this company.goose [sb] vtr slang (prod between buttocks) (俚语)抓…屁股；戳某人两股间；戳某人的裆部The naughty boy goosed the unsuspecting kid.那个男孩子非常淘气，趁那个孩子不注意，戳了他的裆部。gore [sb/sth] vtr (animal: injure with horns, etc.) (动物用角等)抵破，刺破；挑破，刺穿The bull gored the toreador.gossip about [sb] vi + prep (talk maliciously about people)说长道短；散布小道消息；八卦They were gossiping about the family downstairs.他们在说楼下那家人的闲话。gouge [sb] vtr dated (swindle, overcharge)漫天要价；敲竹杠govern [sb/sth] vtr (rule)统治；管理She governs her people with a firm hand but is fair to everyone.grab [sth/sb] vtr (seize)抓住；抓着He grabbed my hand and pulled me away.他抓住我的手，把我拉到了一边。grab at [sth/sb] vi + prep (try to seize)试图抓住The drowning man will grab at anything nearby.那个快要淹死的人拼命想抓住旁边任何能抓住的东西。grab [sb] vtr UK, slang, figurative (appeal to)吸引；给…留下深刻印象How does that idea grab you?你对那个主意的兴趣如何？grab hold of [sth/sb] v expr (physically: grasp)抓住；拽住Bella jumped on the back of Jacob's motorcycle and grabbed hold of his body. Grab hold of the rope so that I can pull you up!grace [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (person: be present)参与...莅临；给...赏光参加The mayor graced the villagers with his presence at the ceremony.市长给村民赏光，莅临仪式活动。grade [sb/sth] vtr (classify)归类；分等级People are sometimes graded according to socio-economic status.grade [sb/sth] vtr (education: award a grade to)给…评分；批改The professor graded the performance an A+.graduate [sb] vtr US (award a degree to)授予学位给…；为…颁发学位The university graduates two thousand students a year.grant [sb] [sth] vtr (give, cede, bestow)授予...给, 准予某人某物； (财产)立约转让The judge granted the plaintiff the right to see the documents.法官授权原告查看文件。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 他把房产转让给了自己的侄子。grant [sb]'s wish v expr (fulfil [sb]'s dream)满足某人的心愿Cinderella's fairy godmother granted her wish to go to the royal ball.grant [sb]'s wish v expr (fulfil [sb]'s request)满足某人的要求Picasso granted Quinn's wish to photograph the artist at work.grapple with [sb/sth] vi + prep (wrestle, fight with)与…搏斗；与…扭打；与…对打Horace grappled with his opponent in the wrestling ring. The police officers grappled with the protesters to keep them behind the barrier.贺拉斯在摔跤场与对手搏斗。警察与抗议者搏斗，好让他们待在隔离障后面。grasp [sth], grasp [sb] vtr (firm hold)牢牢抓住，抓牢，紧握Mike grasped his bag tightly on the subway.地铁上，迈克紧紧抓牢自己的包。grass [sb] vtr (rugby: knock [sb] down) (橄榄球)撞倒One of the opposing team grassed him before he could score.grate on [sb], grate with [sb] vi + prep figurative (annoy [sb])让…心烦，让…恼火；使…烦恼After a while, Laura's whining voice started to grate on Hanna. Incorrect use of grammar really grates with me.过了一会儿，劳拉呜咽的声音开始让汉娜心烦。 错误使用语法真的让我很恼火。be grateful for [sth/sb] adj + prep (feel thankful)对…充满感激She was grateful for the gift.收到礼物她很感激。gratify [sb] vtr (please, satisfy)使愉快；使满意Harold is so picky; there's just no way to gratify him.哈罗德太挑剔了，根本没办法让他满意。gravitate to [sb/sth], gravitate toward [sth/sb], gravitate towards [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (be drawn or attracted)被吸引Many people gravitate to Chris because of his charisma. Crocodiles naturally gravitate towards water.许多人被克里斯吸引，因为他很有魅力。鳄鱼天生与水亲近。graze [sth/sb] vtr (scrape skin)擦破（皮肤）；擦伤The bullet grazed his cheek.子弹擦破了他的脸颊。grease the wheels for [sb], grease the way for [sb] (US), oil the wheels for [sb] (UK) v expr figurative (make [sth] go more smoothly for [sb])使某人顺利进行grease [sb]'s palm, grease the palm of [sb], grease [sb]'s hand, grease the hand of [sb] v expr figurative (bribe) (比喻贿赂)孝敬某人；贿赂某人；买通great respect for [sb] n (high regard for [sb])敬重, 敬仰I have great respect for people who help others.greet [sb] vtr (welcome guests, customers) (对客人)迎接，欢迎，招呼While Mary goes to greet the guests, Fred finishes setting the table for dinner.玛丽去迎接客人时，弗雷德为晚餐摆好了桌子。greet [sb] vtr (say hi)给…打招呼In this small town, strangers greet you in the street.在这个小镇，陌生人在街上会给你打招呼。greet [sb/sth] vtr often passive (react to)给予...反应，对…作出反应The teacher's questions were greeted by confused silence from her students.老师的问题把学生搞糊涂了，学生们都沉默以对。grieve over [sth/sb] vi + prep (mourn [sb]'s death)对...表示哀悼；对...表示悼念A year on, Fred is still grieving over the loss of his wife.一年过去了，弗雷德仍哀悼着亡妻，沉浸在丧妻之痛中。grieve for [sb] vi + prep (mourn the death of [sb])为…悲哀；哀伤I've been a widow for 10 years, but I still grieve for my husband.grieve [sb] vtr formal (causes [sb] sorrow)使...悲痛The news of her death grieves me greatly.她的死讯使我悲痛欲绝。grieve [sb] to do [sth] v expr formal (cause [sb] sorrow)做…使…痛心（悲伤）It grieves me to tell you this terrible news.告诉你这个可怕的坏消息，使我十分痛心。grill [sb] vtr figurative, informal (interrogate) (犯人等)审问，盘问The police grilled their suspect for hours.警方盘问了嫌犯好几个小时。grin at [sb/sth] vi + prep (smile broadly at)对…咧嘴笑After I tripped on the stairs, I noticed a really cute boy grinning at me.在楼梯上绊了一跤过后，我注意到一个很可爱的小男孩正对着我大笑。grind [sb]'s gears v expr US, informal, figurative (annoy, irritate)让...生气；使...恼怒grip [sth/sb] vtr (grasp, hold)紧抓；紧握Anna gripped the racket tightly as she stepped on the tennis court.当安娜踏上网球场时，她紧紧地握住了球拍。grip [sb] vtr figurative (fascinate) (人的注意力，想象力等)吸引The amazing performance gripped the audience.精彩的演出吸引了观众。gripe [sb] vtr US, informal (irritate, annoy)招…烦；惹怒备注: Usually, an object or behavior gripes someone, not another person.Bobby's constant complaining gripes me; I've got to get away from him!博比喋喋不休的抱怨让我很烦。我得离开他！grist to the mill, grist to [sb]'s mill n figurative (fuel, fodder)有用之物；对...有用之物备注: 原指一种可以研磨为面粉的谷物groom [sth/sb] vtr (person: brush hair)梳理（头发等）；梳妆打扮；打扮While Fred groomed his beard, Jane got dressed.当弗雷德梳理自己胡子的时候，简穿好了衣服。groom [sb] vtr figurative (prepare: [sb] for [sth]) (为特定职务或地位而准备)培训，栽培The university groomed their top students to become rich and powerful.这所大学把尖子生培养成有钱有势的人。groom [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep figurative (prepare: [sb] for [sth])使…为…做好准备The manager groomed Jeff for the sales position.这名经理使杰夫为销售一职做好准备。groom [sb] vtr figurative (predator: sexually) (恋童癖者)诱骗（儿童）；诱奸（儿童）The offender had been grooming children online.这名罪犯一直在网上诱骗儿童。grope [sb] vtr slang (fondle sexually) (具有性爱意味地)爱抚；抚摩The young woman was groping her boyfriend.那位年轻女子正爱抚着自己的男友。ground [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (educate)教授；指导The tennis pro grounded his students in the basics.这位专业网球运动员给自己的学生打好了坚实的基础。ground [sb] vtr informal (punish by keeping indoors) (一种对孩子的惩罚手段)禁止…外出，罚...禁足His parents grounded him for two weeks.他的父母罚他两周不许外出。group [sth/sb] vtr (form into groups)将...分成小组The teacher grouped the students by ability.老师按能力给学生分组。grow fond of [sb/sth] v expr (come to like)喜欢…My sister-in-law and I didn't get along well at first, but now we have grown quite fond of one another.grow to like [sth/sb] v expr (appreciate after time)慢慢喜欢；逐渐爱上Mangoes didn't appeal to me at first, but I've grown to like them.grow weary of [sth/sb] vi + adj (become tired)疲倦；厌倦，厌烦；厌倦；厌烦I grew weary of my ex-boyfriend's constant criticism, so I dumped him.growl at [sb/sth] vi + prep (animal: snarl at) (动物)对着…吼叫，对着…咆哮The lion in the cage growled at the tourists.笼子里的狮子对着游客们咆哮。growl at [sb] vi + prep figurative (person: speak grumpily to) (人)对…怒气冲冲地说，对…怒吼My husband growls at me if I wake him up too early.如果我太早叫醒丈夫，他就会朝我怒吼。grubstake [sb] vtr US, informal (give [sb] a grubstake)以利益条件向…提供资金grudge [sb] [sth] vtr (resent)因…怨恨…，因…对…不满My brother, whose business has folded, really grudges me my success. Jamie grudged her best friend every date she went on where she had to spend the evening alone.由于自己的生意倒闭，哥哥对我的成功很不满。由于最好的朋友每次约会时，自己就只能独自度过漫漫长夜，所以洁咪对好友很是不满。guarantee [sb] that, guaranty [sb] that vtr (with clause: promise [sb])向...保证；向...确保I guarantee you that I will have the contract ready by Friday.我向你保证我会在周五前将合同准备好。guarantee [sb] [sth], guaranty [sb] [sth] vtr (with object: promise [sb])就...向...保证，就...向...确保The deposit guarantees you a place on the course.这笔押金可以确保您能就读该课程。guard [sth/sb] vtr (protect)守卫；保护；守卫The dog guarded the backyard.狗守卫着后院。guard against [sth/sb] vi + prep (be cautious)小心；警惕The travel agent had warned Beth to guard against pickpockets when she traveled abroad.那位旅游代理警告贝丝，要她出国旅游的时候小心扒手。guest for [sb] vi (TV, radio: stand in for host) (电视或广播节目)代替某人主持节目Fred Jones is on holiday this week, so comedian Jack Burton will guest for him on tonight's show.弗雷德·琼斯这周在度假，所以喜剧演员杰克·伯顿将代替他主持今晚的节目。guide [sb] vtr (lead)为…领路；带领；给…当导游We need someone to guide us around the sights of Paris.我们需要有人带领我们游览巴黎的各个景点。guide [sb] vtr (steer)给...带路；为…领路The locals will guide you safely through the forest.guide [sb] vtr (advise)指导；引导；领导She has economists to guide her in drawing up her policy on tax.guillotine [sb] vtr historical, often passive (execute by guillotine)砍头；在断头台上处死The prisoner was sentenced to be guillotined.囚犯被处以断头台斩首。guilt trip [sb], guilt-trip v expr informal (attempt to make [sb] feel guilty)使…感到愧疚，使…自责He tried to guilt-trip me by saying that it was my fault that he was late for work.gull [sb] vtr (fool [sb])欺骗；愚弄gull [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (fool [sb] into doing)欺骗；欺诈Mandy's coworker gulled her into doing the whole task by herself.be gunning for [sb] v expr informal (aim to harm [sb]) (比喻)把矛头对准My new manager has been gunning for me since I had that last period of absence.gut [sb] vtr UK, informal, usually passive (cause grief or disappointment) (人)非常讨厌，对…非常失望The hockey team were gutted by their loss in the semi-finals.半决赛失利让冰球队非常失望。guy [sb] vtr slang, dated (ridicule)嘲弄；取笑gyp [sb] vtr slang, offensive (con, swindle)欺骗, 诈骗gyve [sb] vtr archaic (shackle)给…戴上镣铐，使…上脚镣，使…上手铐habituate [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep formal (accustom: to [sth])使…习惯于；对…习惯The animal trainer was working to habituate wild horses to people.驯兽师正在努力让野马习惯于与人相处。hack [sth], hack [sb] vtr (cut with an axe)砍；猛劈The butcher hacked the meat in the back while his wife managed the store in the front.妻子在前面管店，屠夫在后边砍肉。hail [sth/sb] vtr (acknowledge positively)欢迎；迎候；迎接The farmers hailed news of the coming rain with delight.hail [sb/sth] as [sth] vtr + prep (acknowledge as)认为…是This latest piece of technology is being hailed as the answer to all our problems.这项最新技术被誉为我们所有问题的答案。half of [sth/sb] adj + prep (50 per cent)约为半数的；大约一半的Half of the people agree with me.半数人与我意见一致。half [sth/sb] adj (about 50 per cent)一半的；半数的Half the audience applauded, the other half booed.一半的观众掌声不断，另一半的观众则一片嘘声。halo [sb/sth] vtr (surround with halo)晕状物围绕着；光环围绕着hammer [sb] vtr (hit [sb])敲打，击打；砸The boxer hammered his opponent into the ground.拳击手将对手击倒在地。hammer [sth] into [sb] vtr + prep figurative (repeat or instill forcefully)强力灌输；大力灌输Jon's mother tried very hard to hammer good manners into him during his childhood.母亲在乔恩童年时期非常努力地向他灌输良好的行为举止。hamstring [sb/sth] vtr (cut leg tendons of)切断腿筋；切开腿筋hamstring [sb/sth] vtr figurative (make ineffective)使无作用, 使无能力Excessive ordinances seem to be hamstringing the neighborhood's development.过多的法令似乎阻碍了这个社区的发展。hand [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (pass, give: [sth] to [sb])把…递给；把…拿给Please hand this form to your parents.请把这张表格拿给你的父母。hand [sb] [sth] vtr (pass, give: [sb] [sth])传递；交给Could you hand me that pen, please?帮我递一下那支钢笔，好吗？hand [sb] vtr (guide, help)为…引路；为…指路He handed her into her seat.hand in glove with [sb/sth], also US: hand and glove with [sb/sth] adj + prep figurative (in partnership)与...密切合作的Organized crime bosses worked hand in glove with the construction industry.hand [sth] over to [sb] v expr (object: give, relinquish to [sb])把…交给Jackson claimed that he had intended to hand the gun over to the police the next day.杰克逊称他原打算第二天把枪交给警察。hand [sth/sb] over to [sb], hand over [sth/sb] to [sb] v expr figurative (territory, child: surrender to [sb])把…移交Spain agreed to hand over the territory to Morocco.西班牙同意将这片领土移交给摩洛哥。handcuff [sb] vtr (restrain with handcuffs)给…戴上手铐The police handcuffed the suspect.警察给嫌疑人戴上手铐。a handful of [sth/sb] n figurative (a few)少量，少数Only a handful of people volunteered for the project.只有少数人自愿参与该项目。handicap [sb/sth] vtr (disadvantage)给…设置不利条件；制造障碍The opposing team tried to handicap our best player.对方球队试图阻碍我们最好的选手。handicap [sb] vtr (sport: give disadvantage) (体育运动给强者)给...设置障碍； (体育中给强者)给...加诸不利条件Race officials handicap the horses according to age and form in previous races.比赛官方根据马龄和之前比赛中的表现，给比赛用马设置了障碍。handicap [sb] vtr US (sport: assign odds to contestant) (体育)为...分配差点handle [sth/sb] vtr figurative (deal with)处理；操纵；管理She handled all the finances for the family.她管理家庭的全部财务。handle [sth/sb] with kid gloves, treat [sth/sb] with kid gloves v expr figurative (grant special treatment to)小心处理；温和对待He's having a rough day so you'd better handle him with kid gloves.handpick [sb/sth], hand-pick [sb/sth] vtr (select personally)亲自挑选；细心挑选The manager handpicked Charlotte for the position because of her extensive experience.[sb]'s hands are tied expr figurative ([sb] is powerless to act)无能为力；爱莫能助hang [sb] vtr (execute by hanging)绞死；吊死In the nineteenth century, it was common to hang criminals.在19世纪，绞死罪犯很常见。hang [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep figurative, informal (punish) (指惩罚)因...惩罚某人；因...绞死某人The opposition is going to hang that politician for his actions.hang over [sb] vi + prep figurative (cause worry)使...忧虑，使…担心I can't relax with these exams hanging over me.这些考试笼罩在我心头，让我无法放松。hang on [sth/sb] vi + prep (depend)取决于I don't know if we will be able to fly today, it all hangs on the weather.我不知道我们今天是否能起飞，这一切都取决于天气状况。hang on [sth/sb] doing [sth] v expr (depend)取决于The player's hopes of taking the Wimbledon title hang on him winning this final set.这位选手能否赢得温布尔登赛冠军取决于他能否拿下最后一盘比赛。hang one on [sb] v expr slang (hit)挑逗；与...调情hang on [sb]'s every word, hang upon [sb]'s every word, hang on [sb]'s words v expr (attend very closely to)仔细倾听Now that was interesting! I hung upon his every word.happen to [sb] vi + prep (befall)发生在...身上；降临在...身上Getting this job was the best thing that's ever happened to me.找到这份工作是发生在我身上的最棒的事。happen to [sb/sth] vi + prep (become of)…怎么了What happened to that book I lent you?我借你的那本书怎么了？harangue [sb] vtr (subject to a rant or reprimand)大声责骂The old woman harangued the young man for being rude to the store clerk.harass [sb] vtr (work, sexually)性骚扰Kim reported her coworker to the management because he harassed her.吉姆向管理层告发了同事，因为该同事性骚扰她。harass [sb] vtr (repeatedly annoy)不断打扰，骚扰，烦扰The kids wouldn't stop harassing their mother, and she didn't get any sleep for nearly two days.孩子们不停地烦扰妈妈，让她将近两天没有捞着任何觉睡。harass [sb] vtr (military attack) (军事)侵袭，侵扰The guerrillas constantly harassed the invaders' supply lines.harbor [sb] (US), harbour [sb] (UK) vtr (shelter secretly)窝藏，藏匿The criminal's accomplices agreed to harbour him until the heat died down.罪犯的同伙答应把他藏起来，直到风头过去。hard on [sb] adj (severe)严厉的；苛刻的He's too hard on his children.be hard on [sb] adj (treat [sb] harshly, sternly)对…很严格；严厉对待My parents were hard on me when I was growing up.我成长期间，父母对我非常严格。hardball [sb] vtr US, figurative (treat ruthlessly)对...无情；不给...留情面harden [sb] vtr figurative (desensitize)使无情；使冷淡The sergeant had to work hard to harden the new recruits.harden [sb] to [sth] vtr figurative (desensitize to [sth])使...对...麻木；使...对...感觉迟钝Working as a paramedic for thirty years didn't harden Josh to witnessing pain and death.hardwire [sth] into [sb], hard-wire [sth] into [sb] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (inculcate)灌输...给某人；教诲harm [sb] vtr (physical hurt) (身体上)使某人受伤Don't harm yourself on this hiking trip.这次徒步旅行不要让自己受伤。harrow [sb] vtr rare, literary, usually passive (disturb, distress)折磨；使…痛苦；使苦恼The death of Michelle's husband had harrowed and aged her.丈夫的去世让米歇尔感到痛苦，同时也加速她的衰老。harry [sb] vtr (harass or pester)烦扰；骚扰Since the trial began, the press has been harrying the politician every time she steps outside.审判开始以来，每当该政治家走出家门，新闻媒体就不停地骚扰她。harry [sb/sth] vtr (attack repeatedly)反复攻击；持续进攻The invading army harried the outskirts of the kingdom for months before laying siege to the castle.hassle [sb] vtr (bother, harass)烦；搅扰；骚扰Street hawkers always hassle Karen when she's walking around downtown.当凯伦在市中心散步时，街头小贩总是来烦她。hatchet [sb/sth] vtr (attack with a hatchet)以小斧头砍The killer hatcheted his victim in the woods.凶手在树林里用小斧头砍死了受害者。hate [sth/sb] vtr (detest) (某事物)讨厌, 厌恶, 憎恶； (某人)憎恨, 憎恶, 仇视I hate that film because it's so violent.我讨厌那部电影，太暴力了。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 他老欺负我，我恨他。haul [sb] vtr (bring somebody)拖来，带来（某人）George liked to go hiking and always hauled his younger brother along.乔治喜欢去远足，而且总是拖着弟弟一起。haul [sb] vtr (arrest)拘捕，逮捕The police hauled in the suspect this morning.警方今早逮捕了嫌疑人。haul [sth/sb] in, haul in [sth/sb] vtr + adv (drag [sth] towards you)拽…，拉…haunt [sb/sth] vtr (by ghost) (鬼魂)缠在…身上，出现并吓唬； (鬼魂)出没于The old house had a ghost that haunted anyone who was there after midnight.这栋老房子里有鬼，半夜后留在房子里的人都会被鬼缠上。haunt [sb] vtr (by memory) (记忆)萦绕在…心头，在…心头萦绕不去The old soldier was haunted by terrible memories.可怕的记忆在这位年老士兵的心头萦绕不去。haunt [sb] vtr (cause trouble later)纠缠；使烦恼Ben's mistake came back to haunt him a few minutes later.have [sb] vtr (children, siblings: be related to)有They have two daughters and a son.他们有两个女儿和一个儿子。have [sb] vtr slang (have sex with) (俚语)占有, 与…发生性关系He's never had a girl before.have [sb] over vtr (invite, entertain)邀请；款待We're having his parents over for the holidays.have a bias against [sb/sth] v expr (be prejudiced against)对…有偏见They have a bias against assertive women.have a bone to pick with [sb] v expr figurative, informal (want to reprimand)对...有意见；对...不满I have a bone to pick with you! Did you forget to feed the cat?have a crush on [sb] v expr (be attracted to: [sb])迷恋…Wendy had a crush on a boy in her class.have a dig at [sb] v expr informal (make a critical remark: about [sb])挖苦某人；对某人冷嘲热讽The sacked workers had a dig at their former boss in the press.have a fight with [sb] v expr (physically: with [sb])与…搏斗；与…打架Jack had a fight with another boy, and now he has a black eye.have a fight with [sb] v expr figurative, informal (argue)与…争吵He's in a bad mood because he had a fight with his wife.have a go at [sb] v expr slang (attack verbally) (口头)攻击, 抨击Elena had a go at her husband for being late.埃琳娜因为她丈夫迟到而责备他。have a history with [sb] v expr (have had a past relationship with)和…有过一段感情，和…在一起过have a hold on [sb] v expr informal, figurative (exert control)把持；控制In New Jersey, Democrats have had a hold on the Senate seats for many years.have a leg up on [sb] v expr figurative, informal (have an advantage: over [sb])比…有优势She's got a leg up on most of the kids in the team, as her dad's a professional player.have a look at [sth/sb] v expr (look at)看一眼；看一看These family photos are great. Have a look.这些家庭照拍得太好了。快来看看。have a look at [sth/sb] v expr (examine, inspect)检查Let the doctor have a look at your rash.让医生检查一下你的皮疹。have a picture of [sb/sth] v expr figurative (visualize)有…的照片The architect had a picture in his mind of what the finished building would look like.have a run-in with [sb/sth] v expr informal (quarrel with)与…争吵；与…争执I had a run-in with my brother yesterday over whose turn it was to borrow the car.have a talk with [sb] v expr (discuss)与…（认真地）谈话If you want to renovate your kitchen, you should have a talk with my brother: he did it last year.have a thing for [sb] v expr informal (find attractive)对...有好感；对...有意思She has a thing for her boss. Unfortunately, he's married.have a weakness for [sth/sb] vtr (be fond of)嗜好…；偏爱…Jill has a weakness for chocolate. That's why she has trouble dieting.；have a word with [sb] v expr informal (discuss)与…进行严肃讨论The boss had a word with Bill about his chronic tardiness.have an account with [sth/sb] v expr (bank with)有银行账户；在…银行设有户头I have an account with Lloyds Bank.have an account with [sth/sb] v expr (for purchases) (商户)在…上开有账户，办了…的会员I have an account with the university bookshop on the High Street.have an eye for [sb] v expr slang (be attracted)钟情于That guy has an eye for the ladies.have [sb/sth] around vtr + adv (be near [sb/sth])有…；和…在一起，有…在身边If you want some maple syrup, just ask--I always have some around.My husband gets on my nerves sometimes, but overall, I like having him around.have [sb] back vtr + adv (person: invite again)再次邀请…After they left, we decided never to have them back again.have [sb]'s back v expr informal, figurative (be ready to defend)支持…have confidence in [sb/sth] v expr (trust [sb]'s abilities, honesty) (某人的能力、人品等)信任The players have confidence in their team's ability to win.have dealings with [sb/sth] v expr (do business with)与…做买卖；与…做生意He has dealings with representatives of foreign companies.have dealings with [sb] v expr informal (associate with)与…交往；有来往Parker had dealings with known gangsters.have designs on [sb/sth] v expr (aim to obtain)对…抱有企图He has designs on my girlfriend.have [sb] do [sth] v expr (make, lead [sb] do [sth])让某人做某事；带某人做某事He had me take all sorts of tests.have doubts about [sb] vtr + npl (not trust)不信任...I have met Carla's new boyfriend and I have doubts about him.have [sb] down cold v expr US, informal (understand [sb]'s character) (非正式用语)清楚…的品行have faith in [sth/sb] v expr (religion: believe)怀有...信仰I have faith in God.have faith in [sth/sb] v expr (believe in)相信have fun at the expense of [sb], have fun at [sb]'s expense v expr (joke about [sb])拿某人开玩笑；笑话某人The media is currently having a lot of fun at the disgraced politician's expense.have had enough of [sb] v expr informal (be fed up)受够了…；厌烦了…I have had enough of you!have had it up to here with [sth/sb], be up to here with [sth/sb] v expr figurative, informal (be exasperated)对...受够了；对...很反感I've had it up to here with all your excuses!have hot pants for [sb] v expr US, slang (be sexually attracted to [sb])对...有性欲；想和...上床have [sth/sb] in mind v expr (think of [sth/sb] in particular)想到…have [sb] in stitches v expr (make [sb] laugh uncontrollably)让...忍不住大笑；使...笑到肚子疼have [sth] in store for [sb], hold [sth] in store for [sb] v expr (reserve, promise)…即将发生在某人头上；有…等待着某人Let's wait and see what next year has in store for us.have mercy upon [sb] v expr (take pity on)怜悯，可怜；宽恕，饶恕God is willing to have mercy upon sinners.have no association with [sb/sth] v expr (not be connected, involved)与…没有联系Type 1 diabetes has no association with obesity or other lifestyle factors, and is not preventable.have no truck with [sth/sb] v expr (want nothing to do with)跟...没关系That man is bad news and I'll have no truck with him!have no use for [sth/sb] v expr informal (dislike [sth/sb])讨厌have nothing on [sb/sth] v expr slang (be inferior)比不上；赶不上Richard is lovely, but he's got nothing on his brother.have nothing on [sb] v expr informal (have no evidence against)没有不利于…的证据The police can't arrest me. They've got nothing on me!have pity, have pity on [sb] v expr (be merciful, show compassion to)怜悯；同情Have pity on her. She comes from a poor family.have power over [sb/sth] vtr (be able to control or influence)能够支配或控制；对…有控制权His wife has power over him because she is the family's breadwinner.have regard for [sb/sth] v expr (respect)尊敬，尊重；器重，看重；注意，关注I have great regard for my parents' achievements.have sex with [sb] v expr (have intercourse)与…发生性行为His wife threw him out because he had sex with the neighbor.have sexual relations with [sb] v expr (have sex)与...发生性关系Police say they have arrested a teacher for having sexual relations with students.have [sb] sweating, have got [sb] sweating v expr figurative, informal (make nervous)紧张焦虑的；让某人焦虑不安的have the hots for [sb], have got the hots for [sb] v expr slang (desire [sb]) (俚语)渴望；喜欢；对...垂涎The high school boys claimed to have the hots for their art teacher.have the look of [sb/sth] v expr (resemble)看起来像You have the look of a woman in love!have to do with [sb] v expr (concern) (指人)跟...有关，涉及到The last set of questions has to do with you and your household.have to hand it to [sb/sth] v expr informal (must credit, must concede [sth] to) (非正式用语)称赞，给…肯定You have to hand it to the team: they may have lost their last ten matches, but they have never stopped trying!have words with [sb] v expr (reprimand)找…谈话Your father will have words with you when I tell him what you've done.have words with [sb] v expr (argue)与…争执；与…争吵When he drinks too much, he always has words with his wife.have your eye on [sb] v expr (watch)盯着；监视I've got my eye on you, young man. So behave!have your way with [sb], have your wicked way with [sb] v expr informal (seduce, have sex with)诱惑；与...发生性关系As soon as she saw Paul, Amanda was determined to have her way with him.haze [sb] vtr (fraternity, military)欺凌，霸凌；使出丑The fraternity was caught hazing its new members, and several older boys were suspended.兄弟会被发现霸凌新成员，好几名年龄较大的男孩被停职了。be head and shoulders above [sb/sth], stand head and shoulders above [sb/sth] v expr figurative (be vastly superior to)远远胜过；远远优于George's essay was head and shoulders above those of the rest of the class.乔治的作文远远胜过班上其他学生的作文。head straight for [sth/sb] v expr (vehicle: move towards)驶向...When Colin looked up, he realized the truck was heading straight for him.headbutt [sb/sth], head-butt [sb/sth] vtr (hit with the forehead)用头撞The wrestler violently headbutted his opponent.那位摔跤手很暴力地用头撞击他的对手。headhunt [sb], head-hunt [sb] vtr figurative (identify as a job candidate) (人才)物色；猎取heal [sb/sth] vtr (restore health)使恢复健康，使痊愈，治愈The vet tried to heal the ailing lamb.兽医试图治愈那头生病的羊羔。heap [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep figurative, informal (overburden)慷慨地给予；大量地给予The king heaped rewards on his men.国王慷慨地奖赏他的部下。heap praise on [sb] v expr (commend highly)对...赞美有加；对...大加赞许Teachers heap praises upon students that always do their work.hear [sb/sth] vtr informal (understand)明白；理解I hear you, but I don't agree.hear [sb/sth] vtr (listen with favor)听到（某人的祈祷等）备注: This sense is often used in a religious context.Pray for forgiveness and the Lord will hear you.祈求宽恕，主会听到你的祈祷。hear [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (learn [sth] via [sb])从…听到；从…听说I heard from your mother that you're getting married next year?我听你妈妈说你明年要结婚了？hearten [sb] vtr (encourage or cheer)鼓舞；鼓励；使振作The loud cheers from the crowd heartened the runner, and he won the race in the final stretch.人群的大声欢呼鼓舞了那位跑步者，他在最后赛段赢得了比赛。heartily recommend [sth] to [sb] adv + vtr (suggest enthusiastically)由衷地向...推荐...I would heartily recommend this book to anyone interested in Italian cookery.heave [sth/sb] vtr (pull, haul)拖，拉Peter heaved his friend to his feet.彼得用力拉朋友，帮他站起身。heaving with [sth/sb] adj + prep UK, slang (crowded)拥挤的The reception hall was heaving with people waiting to hear the speech.heckle [sb] vtr (interrupt with taunts)向…起哄Someone in the crowd started heckling the speaker.人群中有人开始向演讲者起哄。hector [sb] vtr (harass)骚扰...Tim lost his nerve when his classmates started hectoring him.hedge [sb/sth] in vtr + prep often passive (surround, encircle)把…围住There was no escape; we were hedged in.无路可逃了，我们已经被包围了。hedge [sb] in vtr + prep often passive, figurative (restrict, surround)将某人限制在；将某人束缚于Ike was hedged in by the schoolwork at his university, so he dropped out to start his business.由于艾克的大学将自己束缚于家庭作业之上，所以他辍学去创业了。helicopter [sb/sth] vtr (transport in a helicopter)用直升飞机运载The medics helicoptered the patient to the nearest hospital.helicopter [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep (transport in a helicopter)用直升机运送The president was helicoptered in to the ceremony.help [sb] vtr (assist)帮助；协助I could do the housework much more quickly if you helped me.如果你协助我的话，我可以快得多得做完家务。help [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (assist with)帮助某人某事Can you help me with my homework?你能帮我做家庭作业吗？help [sb] do [sth], help [sb] to do [sth] v expr (assist in doing)帮助某人做某事Paul helped me start my car. I helped an elderly lady to cross the road.保罗帮助我发动车子。我帮助一位老妇人过马路。help [sb] vtr (save, rescue)救援；救助Help him! He's having a heart attack!救救他！他心脏病发作了！help [sb/sth] vtr (be useful to)对…有用；对…有助益A little bit of salt would help his cooking. You could help me by holding up the other end of the table.加一点点盐会让他做的菜更好。你可以帮我扶住桌子的另一边。help [sb] vtr (provide with support)提供支持；帮助She really helped me when I was at my lowest point.我在最沮丧的时候，她真的帮了我很多。help [sb] decide, help [sb] to decide v expr (assist in deciding)有助于作出…决定；帮助…做决定To help you decide between the options, list the pros and cons of each.help [sb] up vtr + adv (assist in standing up)把某人扶起来；帮助某人站起来I was so weak that the nurse had to help me up.help [sb] up vtr + adv (assist in climbing)帮助某人往上攀爬The steps of the tower were steep, so we had to help the kids up, but the climb was worth the view from the top.高塔的阶梯很陡，所以我们得帮孩子们往上爬，但见到塔顶的美景，所有的努力都是值得的。henpeck [sb] vtr figurative, informal (nag or boss persistently) (非正式用语, 指夫妇间)管制, 欺压herd [sth/sb] vtr (guide: animals, people)聚集；召集；招集Kim herded her children into the house.金将孩子们召集到了家里。Here's to [sth/sb]! interj informal (toast)为...干杯hero-worship [sb] vtr (idolize [sb])崇拜...hex [sb], hex [sth] vtr (put a spell on, curse)施魔法于；施魔法The witch threatened to hex the knight if he did not yield to her.女巫威胁说，如果骑士不向她屈服，她就向他施魔法。hide [sth/sb] vtr (place out of view)隐藏；把…藏起来I hide the cakes from the children.我把蛋糕藏起来，不让孩子们看见。high-five [sb] vtr informal (give hand-slap)与...击掌The player high-fived his teammates after scoring a goal.那名球员进球后与队友击掌庆祝。highly knowledgeable about [sth/sb] expr (informed about a subject)对...很了解的highly regarded by [sb] expr (well respected by)深受...敬重的The professor's biography of George Washington was highly regarded by his fellow historians.hinder [sb/sth] vtr (slow progress) (进展)阻碍，妨碍，拖…的后腿The manager's incompetence hindered the progress of the project.经理无能，拖了项目的后腿。hinder [sb/sth] vtr (slow physically)阻碍，妨碍The handcuffs hindered the escaping prisoner and he was caught quickly.手铐妨碍了囚犯逃跑，他很快就被抓住。hip [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep slang (inform [sb] about [sth])告诉某人某事His sister first hipped him to the Beatles.他姐姐第一个告诉他甲壳虫乐队的事。；hire [sb] vtr (engage services of [sb])雇用The company won a contract and hired one hundred new staff.公司赢得了这个合约，于是新雇用了一百名员工。hire [sb] away vtr US (employee: poach)从（其他公司）将…挖走；撬墙角hired by [sb] adj + prep informal (contracted)与…签订工作合同hired by [sb] adj + prep informal (employed)被…雇佣She was hired by a big IT company as a programmer.hiss at [sb] vi + prep (make jeering whisper) (人)低声嘲弄Jane was so mad that she spent the entire movie hissing at me.简十分生气，以至于整场电影她一直在耳边低声嘲弄我。hit [sb] vtr (punch: [sb])击；打He hit his brother in the stomach with his fist.他朝他兄弟的腹部打了一拳。hit [sb/sth] vtr (vehicle: strike, collide with)碰撞；撞击The driver suffered a head injury when his car hit a tree.汽车撞到树上，司机头部受伤。hit [sb/sth] vtr (driver: strike, collide with)撞到；碰到Richard was driving to work when he hit a pedestrian.The distracted driver went over the line and hit an oncoming vehicle.理查德开车去上班时撞到了一位行人。//走神的司机越了线，撞上迎面开来的车辆。hit [sb] vtr informal, figurative (idea: occur)使突然想到；使突然意识到It never hit me that I could post the documents.hit [sb] vtr informal, figurative (make suffer)使受痛苦；伤害；打击The news of her father's death hit her hard.hit [sb] up, hit [sb] up for [sth] v expr slang (approach for: money) (钱财)向...索取Watch out for Ralph, he's always hitting people up for money.小心拉尔夫，他总是向人讨钱。hit [sb] where it hurts v expr figurative (attack [sb]'s weak spot)击中某人痛处；击中要害His divorce hit him where it hurts: in his wallet.When he said I was ugly, he hit me where it hurts.hoax [sb] vtr (deceive by hoax)欺骗某人，哄骗某人Fred hoaxes other people all the time, don't take anything he says seriously.弗雷德总是骗人，他说的任何话都别当真。hobnob with [sb] vi + prep informal (socialize)亲密交往, 社交往来Evelyn spends her weekends hobnobbing with socialites in the city.伊芙琳周末在城里与社会名流交往。hogtie [sth/sb], also UK: hog-tie [sth/sb] vtr (tie feet together)把…的手脚捆在一起hogtie [sb], also UK: hog-tie [sb] vtr figurative (impede, thwart: [sb]) (比喻)阻碍；妨碍hold [sb] vtr (embrace)拥抱；拥着The mother held her crying child.The couple held each other tightly.这对情侣紧紧地相拥在一起。这位母亲抱着自己哭泣的孩子。hold [sb] vtr (have in custody)扣留；关押The police held the suspect in custody.hold a candle to [sb/sth] v expr figurative (be as good)能与…相比, 可与…相提并论备注: Used in the negative, in questions and where there is doubtAs a songwriter, George Harrison couldn't hold a candle to Paul McCartney.hold a grudge against [sb] v expr (resent: [sb])怨恨…，对…怀恨在心Peter holds a grudge against his co-worker, who received the promotion that Peter was hoping for.hold [sb] accountable vtr + adj (consider responsible)让…负责If anything goes wrong, I will hold you accountable.hold [sb] accountable for [sth] v expr (consider responsible for [sth])让…对…负责，让…为…负责I cannot hold him accountable for what happened.hold [sth] against [sb] v expr (resent [sb] for [sth])因某事怨恨某人They still hold my past mistakes against me.hold [sb] harmless, hold harmless [sb] vtr + adj (contract) (合同)…免于承担责任hold [sb] hostage v expr (hold [sb] to ransom)将...作为人质要挟hold [sb] in contempt v expr (despise, think [sb] worthless)对...不屑一顾；轻视hold [sb] in contempt of court v expr (legal accusation)蔑视法庭hold [sb/sth] in high regard v expr (have great respect for)对…非常器重；对…很重视hold it against [sb] v expr informal (bear a grudge) (因过去之事而)记恨某人She insulted him years ago, and he still holds it against her.hold [sb] liable vtr + adj (consider responsible)让...负起责任hold [sb] liable for [sth] v expr (consider responsible)让...为...负起责任hold [sb] responsible v expr (consider accountable)要求…负责hold [sb] responsible for [sth] v expr (consider accountable)要求…对…负责，要求…为…负责hold [sb] responsible v expr (consider legally accountable)要求…承担责任hold [sb] responsible for [sth] v expr (consider legally accountable)要求…对…承担责任hold [sb]'s interest v expr (stay interesting)使…保持兴趣Speakers need to select stimulating topics to hold the listeners' interest.hold [sth] against [sb] v expr (hold a grudge)因某事而对某人有怨气I won't hold it against you if you don't want to join me.hold [sb] tight vtr + adv (hug)紧紧拥抱；紧紧抱住Tim held his girlfriend tight, before saying goodbye.hold [sb] to ransom v expr (blackmail, force to pay)要挟...付赎金hold [sb] to ransom v expr figurative (force into doing [sth])逼迫某人做某事holler at [sb] vi US, informal (shout, yell)叫喊Barbra's mother was hollering at her for being late to dinner.holler [sth] at [sb] vtr US, informal (shout, call out)抱怨Josh's boss hollered insults at him when he turned in unsatisfactory work.home-school [sb] vtr (teach at home)在家教育；让…在家接受教育Private schools were expensive and public ones were dangerous so she decided to home-school her children.honeyfuggle [sb], honeyfugle [sb] vtr US, slang, dated (deceive, swindle)哄骗honor [sb/sth] (US), honour [sb/sth] (UK) vtr (show respect) (给予尊重)尊重，尊敬The university honoured the professor because of his groundbreaking research.由于其开创性的研究，该大学十分敬重这位教授。honor [sb/sth] with [sth] (US), honour [sb/sth] with [sth] (UK) vtr + prep (do [sth] to show respect)很荣幸…She was honored with a special dinner at the school.她很荣幸在学校吃了一顿特别的晚餐。honor [sb/sth] with [sth] (US), honour [sb/sth] with [sth] (UK) vtr + prep (treat with honour)使荣耀；以…给予…荣耀The princess honored us with her presence.公主的现身使我们倍感荣耀。honor [sb] by doing [sth] (US), honour [sb] by doing [sth] (UK) v expr (treat with honour)用…来纪念…The army honoured the officer by giving him a special medal for bravery.军队为纪念这名军官，授予他一枚特殊的勇敢奖章。hood [sb/sth] vtr (put head covering on)以头巾覆盖，用头巾包It may be necessary to hood your horse if it gets very nervous.hoodoo [sb] vtr (cause bad luck to)使...倒霉hoodwink [sb] vtr informal (deceive, trick)欺骗, 蒙骗, 蒙蔽The freelancer realised the new client had hoodwinked him when she disappeared without paying.当新客户没有付钱就消失时，这位自由职业者意识到这位客户欺骗了他。hoodwink [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep informal (trick into doing)蒙骗某人做某事；欺骗某人做某事The young man hoodwinked the housewife into giving him money.hook [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep US, figurative, informal (persuade)吸引某人涉足；说服某人做某事I didn't intend to go out drinking but my buddies hooked me into it.我并不打算去喝酒的，不过我的兄弟们说服了我。hook [sb] into doing [sth] vtr + prep US, figurative, informal (persuade to do)使计让...做...；设法让...做...Max hooked his friend into driving him to the airport.马克思设法让他的朋友开车送他去机场。hook in [sb], hook [sb] in vtr + prep (attach to harness, etc.)给…套上保险带The climbing instructor hooked me in and I started up the cliff.攀岩教练给我套上保险带，然后我开始攀岩。hook [sb] vtr figurative, informal (secure as romantic partner)勾搭；吊be hooked on [sth/sb] adj + prep figurative, slang (on hobby, etc.: keen on)迷上；喜欢I'm hooked on that new detective series.我迷上了这部全新的侦探连续剧。Hooray for [sb/sth]! interj (praise, appreciation)好！好啊！You won first place? Hooray for you!你得了第一名？太好啊！hoot at [sb] vi + prep (by person: mocking) (表示反对、蔑视、嘲弄等)冲着某人发出尖声嘘叫The crowd hooted at the referee.人群向裁判发出尖声嘘叫。hoot at [sb] vi + prep (sound horn)向...鸣喇叭；用喇叭向...打招呼The bicyclist hooted at Sean with his horn.骑自行车的人向肖恩鸣喇叭。Hoover [sb], hoover [sb] vtr figurative, ® (use manipulation tactic on)操纵；控制My ex keeps trying to hoover me into getting back together.hornswoggle [sb] vtr US, informal (cheat, trick)欺骗，戏弄horrify [sb] vtr (shock, upset)使震惊I don't mean to horrify you, but there's been an accident.我不想吓你，但确实发生了事故。horrify [sb] vtr (disgust or frighten)使害怕；使感到可怕The sight of the accident horrified the onlookers.事故的场景吓坏了围观者。horse [sb] vtr dated (provide with horses)给…提供马, 为…备马The groom made sure the master and the lady were properly horsed for the journey.horse collar [sb], horse-collar vtr US, figurative (sport: prevent from scoring) (体育运动)阻止…得分, 使…得零分horsewhip [sth/sb] vtr (beat with a horsewhip)鞭打...hose [sb] vtr figurative, slang (defeat badly) (比喻使对方输得很惨)痛打，打垮Larry hosed Mike in that game.拉里在那场比赛中打垮了迈克。hospitalize [sb], also UK: hospitalise [sb] vtr often passive (admit to hospital)送…入院治疗Pete was hospitalized after the car accident.hospitalize [sb], also UK: hospitalise [sb] vtr (cause to need hospital treatment)导致…入院The accident hospitalized Mary for weeks.host [sb] vtr (receive as a guest)招待；接待；款待My uncle hosted the prime minister in his hotel.我叔叔在酒店里招待了首相。hosted by [sb] adj + prep (show: compered) (节目)由…主持hosted by [sb] adj + prep (party: held)由...举办的hot for [sb] prep slang (sexually attracted to)为…发狂；迷恋…Chris is hot for Vanessa.hot on [sb]'s heels, hot on the heels of [sb] expr slang (close behind)紧随；紧追；紧跟The police officer was hot on the heels of the speeding driver.hot on the trail of [sb] prep (in close pursuit of)紧追；狂热追逐；就要抓到The police were hot on the trail of the robbery suspect.hothouse [sb] vtr figurative (cause to develop)呵护...成长；鼓励...发展hound [sb] vtr figurative (harass)追逼；烦扰；纠缠不放Fiona was always hounding Jenny about the money she owed her.菲奥娜总是烦扰珍妮，追着要她欠自己的钱。house [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (keep in a dwelling)让某人住在；为某人提供...样的住处The university houses its students in very old buildings.这所大学安排学生住在很旧的楼中。house [sb] vtr (provide housing)容纳；收容The hall will house two hundred people.houseful, a houseful of [sth/sb] n (enough to fill a house)满屋…hug [sb] vtr (embrace)拥抱；搂抱；紧抱She hugged her brother when he returned.她弟弟回来时，她拥抱了他。humanize [sb/sth], also UK: humanise [sb/sth] vtr (make appear more sympathetic)使…显得更为人道；使…显得仁慈humanize [sth/sb], also UK: humanise [sth/sb] vtr (make more humane)使…人格化；赋予…人性humble [sb] vtr often passive (make [sb] humble)灭掉…的傲气，使…威风扫地；让...感到自己班门弄斧；让...感到谦卑Reading works of great literature humbles me as an author.The president was humbled by being offered the Nobel Peace Prize.阅读文豪作品，让作为作家的我倍感班门弄斧。获得诺贝尔和平奖提名，这位总统感到很谦卑。humiliate [sb] vtr (make ashamed)使丢脸；使蒙受耻辱；羞辱Her brother humiliated her with his harsh teasing.她的兄弟用刺耳的调侃羞辱了她。humor [sb] (US), humour [sb] (UK) vtr (indulge)曲意迎合，迁就；纵容，姑息Just humour him, eventually he'll realise he's wrong.先迁就他吧，最终他会意识到自己错了。hump [sb] vtr slang, vulgar (have sex with)与...性交；骑抱The dog humped his owner's leg.这只狗骑抱主人的腿。hundreds of [sth/sb] adj (amounting to hundreds) (人、物)几百个的Hundreds of people called in during the first hour.头一个小时就有数百人打进电话。hung up on [sb] expr figurative, slang (infatuated)迷恋某人She's still hung up on him after all these years.多年过去了，她仍对他念念不忘。hunt for [sb/sth] n (search)搜寻；寻找The hunt for the killer took several years.对杀人凶手的搜寻花了好几年。hurl [sth] at [sb] vtr (words, insults: aim at [sb])冲着…气势汹汹地叫骂…Old Larry always sat on his front porch and hurled insults at the schoolchildren walking by.老拉里总是坐在前廊上，气势汹汹地冲着路过的学童们叫骂。hurry [sb] vtr (rush [sb])催促某人，让某人抓紧时间She tried to hurry the customer, as it was closing time.快打烊了，她试图催促顾客快点。hurry [sb] on vtr + adv (urge [sb] to go faster)催促The mother hurried her children on so they wouldn't miss the train.hurt [sb] vtr (injure [sb])弄疼；使疼痛；使受伤Let go of my arm - you're hurting me!放开我的手臂，你弄疼我了！hurt [sb] vtr (emotionally) (感情上)伤害某人，让某人伤心Stop saying that; you're hurting me!别那样说了；你这是在伤害我！hurt [sb] vtr (be upsetting)使某人感到痛苦，让某人难过It hurts me to see you this unhappy.看到你这么不开心让我很难过。hush [sb] vtr (make quiet)使…安静；使…住口Lola started to say something, but I hushed her, as Gary hadn't finished speaking.由于盖里的话还没有讲完，洛拉就开始说起来了，所以我让她住口。hush [sb] up vtr + adv informal (make [sb] silent)让...缄默；让...沉默hustle [sb] vtr (jostle [sb])推搡；推挤Sarah was hustled by passengers trying to get onto the subway as she tried to get off.萨拉下地铁时，遭到正要上车的乘客们的推搡。hustle [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (coerce, urge [sb] to do)哄骗...做某事The strange man on the corner was trying to hustle passers-by into buying cocaine.拐角处的陌生男子正试图哄骗路人购买可卡因。hydrate [sth/sb] vtr (moisturize, replenish moisture of)补水；使…吸入水分This lotion will hydrate your skin and soften the texture. When you exercise, make sure to hydrate yourself.这种乳液能滋润你的肌肤，软化肤质。运动时，确保要给自己补水。hymn [sth/sb] vtr (praise by singing hymns)因唱圣歌受到称赞hype [sth], hype [sb] vtr (promote)大肆宣传，炒作，为…大做广告The company went on the radio to try to hype their big event.该公司上电台大肆宣传他们的重大活动。hype [sb] up vtr + prep (inject with a stimulant)给...注射Jon hyped himself up on meth and got arrested.乔恩给自己注射冰毒，随后被捕。hypnotize [sb], also UK: hypnotise [sb] vtr (put under hypnosis) (本义)催眠，对 …进行催眠The old woman used her magic powers to hypnotize the man.hypnotize [sb], also UK: hypnotise [sb] vtr figurative (entrance, fascinate)如施催眠术般使…着迷The acrobats hypnotized the entire audience with their amazing performance.ID [sb] vtr US, informal, abbreviation (identify [sb])辨别出；认出The witness tried, but couldn't ID the suspect.ID [sb] vtr US, informal, abbreviation (ask [sb] for identification)检查…的身份证The owner of the liquor store always ID's me, even though he knows I'm 22.idealize [sth/sb], also UK: idealise [sth/sb] vtr (portray in a romanticized way)将…理想化；理想化地描述Albert idealizes the military; he thinks it's all fighting and glory.idealize [sth/sb], also UK: idealise [sth/sb] vtr (consider as ideal)把…当作理想对象Bernard idealizes life on the beach because he loves surfing.identify [sb/sth] vtr (recognize identity)认出；识别出The witness identified the criminal.目击证人认出了罪犯。identify as [sb/sth], self-identify as [sb/sth] v expr (consider as your identity)自我认同为；认为自己是A person who identifies as non-binary may use the pronoun "they".认同自己是非二位性别的人可以使用“they”作为人称代词。identify with [sb] vi + prep (relate to [sb])与某人一样感同身受I really identify with the characters in the movie.电影中的角色让我产生了极大的共鸣。identify [sb/sth] with [sb/sth] vtr + prep (consider related to)将...视作；将...与...认同Voters identify the party leader with a new kind of politics.identify yourself with [sb/sth] v expr (associate with [sb], [sth])参与（团体等）；和…打成一片The largest group of people that don't identify themselves with a religion is young people.idolize [sb/sth], also UK: idolise [sb/sth] vtr (worship: a god) (对象为神)崇拜，对…顶礼膜拜Primitive people often idolized natural forces.idolize [sb], also UK: idolise [sb] vtr (admire: a person) (对象为人)崇拜，仰慕Young people tend to idolize their favourite performers.ignore [sb] vtr (pay no attention to [sb]) (对人)不顾, 不理She is so annoying. I just ignore her.她真是很烦人。我干脆不理她。ignore [sth/sb] vtr (neglect)忽视；忽略；无视I shouldn't ignore that room any longer. It is time to clean it.ill-treat [sb/sth] vtr (abuse)虐待某人ill-use [sb/sth] vtr (treat badly, abuse)虐待，折磨illuminate [sb] vtr figurative (enlighten)启发, 启迪The lawyer promised to illuminate us about the case.律师答应向我们说明案情。image of [sb/sth] n (perception, idea)对…的印象，对…的概念I have this image of him as being a very nice person.我对他的印象是他人很好。the image, the very image, the very image of [sth/sb] n (copy)翻版；酷似之物This painting is the very image of the original.这幅画酷似原作。imitate [sb] vtr (impersonate)模仿；仿效When the boss left she began to imitate him hilariously.老板走后，她开始滑稽地模仿起他。immerse [sb] vtr (person: baptize in water) (基督教)给…施浸礼The priest immersed the baby in the font.牧师在洗礼盆内给宝宝施浸礼。immobilize [sb/sth], also UK: immobilise [sb/sth] vtr (prevent from moving)使无法移动When Jenny saw the horror movie, she was immobilized by fear.immolate [sb/sth] vtr (offer as a sacrifice)献祭；把…作为牺牲品；宰杀…作为祭品immolate [sb/sth] vtr (burn to death)烧死；将…作为祭品烧掉immortalize [sb/sth], also UK: immortalise [sb/sth] vtr (make famous or historic)使不朽；使流芳百世；使名垂千古Barack Obama will be immortalized as the first African American president.immortalize [sb/sth], also UK: immortalise [sb/sth] vtr (commemorate)纪念；使永垂不朽We will immortalize the fallen soldiers by erecting a monument in their honor.immunize [sb], also UK: immunise [sb] vtr (inoculate, vaccinate [sb])对…进行免疫接种Before you go to the Amazon, make sure you get immunized.immunize [sb] against [sth], also UK: immunise [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep (vaccinate [sb] against [sth])为…接种防止…的疫苗Children in the U.S. are all immunized against polio.immure [sb/sth] vtr (enclose, wall in)监禁；禁闭impact (on [sth/sb]) n figurative (influence)对…有影响，对…产生作用His complaining has no impact on me.他的抱怨对我毫无作用。impact on [sth/sb] vi + prep (affect)起作用；有影响The economic recession is expected to impact on the company's profits.这场经济衰退预计会对该公司的利润造成影响。impact [sth/sb] vtr figurative (affect)影响Financial difficulties have impacted the company's ability to take on new projects.财务困难影响了公司承担新项目的能力。impale [sb] on [sth] vtr (pierce or spike)刺穿, 钉住； (刑罚)把...钉在桩上The force of the crash threw the driver from the car and impaled him on a piece of rebar.碰撞的力量将司机甩出车外，并被一根钢筋刺穿。impanel [sb], empanel [sb] vtr (enrol in a panel, official list)将…列入陪审员名单；将…列于陪审名单上impart [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (knowledge: share with [sb])传授Elena is able to impart knowledge to her students in a fun and interesting way.impart [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (secret: tell [sb])告诉Jenny refused to impart the secret to anyone.impassion [sb] vtr (inflame)激起...的热情impeach [sb] vtr US (official: charge before a tribunal)弹劾Congress has voted to impeach the president.impeach [sb] vtr (accuse of misconduct)控告；检举The shareholders impeached the CEO when he mismanaged the company finances.首席执行官对公司财务管理不善，因此股东们弹劾了他。impeach [sb] vtr (discredit)怀疑；对…有疑问；对…提出异议The local newspaper impeached the congressman by accusing him of a scandal.本地报纸指控该国会议员涉嫌丑闻，对其提出质疑。impede [sb] vtr (hinder: [sb])阻碍；妨碍Daniel was late to work because the storm impeded him.受暴风雨的影响，丹尼尔上班迟到了。impede [sb] from doing [sth] vtr + prep (hinder: [sb])阻碍某人做某事The basketball player impeded his opponent from scoring.篮球运动员阻止自己的对手得分。impel [sb] vtr (incite to action)推动；推进Maria spoke from the heart, not knowing what impelled her, but unable to prevent herself from doing so.玛丽亚说出了心里话。她不知道是什么促使她这么做，但却又无法阻止。impel [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (incite to)驱使某人做某事；驱使某人变得The sight of such injustice impelled Kirsty to anger.impel [sb] to do [sth] v expr (incite: to take action)促使Harvey was diagnosed with cancer, which impelled his family to donate to the American Cancer Society.imperil [sb] vtr (put in danger)使…处于危险；危及Don't imperil the child by leaving him alone all day.不要让孩子整天单独呆着，以免他发生危险。impersonate [sb] vtr (imitate, mimic)模仿；扮演The comedian often impersonates politicians in routines.那位喜剧演员在日常表演中总是模仿政治家。；impersonate [sb] vtr (pose as: [sb] else)假冒某人；冒充某人When the impostor tried to impersonate the president, he was caught immediately.It is a criminal offence to impersonate a police officer.implant [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (insert, fit)植入The patient was implanted with a pacemaker.implicate [sb] vtr (involve)涉及；牵连；卷入This is your problem; don't implicate me!这是你的问题，别拉上我！implicate [sb] in [sth] vtr (involve, embroil: in [sth])涉及Valerie's testimony implicated her husband in the crime.implore [sb] vtr (beg)恳求；央求"Please release me," the prisoner cried. "I implore you!"“放了我吧，”囚犯喊道。“我求求你了！”implore [sb] to do [sth] v expr (beg to do [sth])恳求I implore you to set me free. I am innocent!importune [sb] vtr (make demands on)向…不断要求；强求impose [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep (force on)把…强加给The dictator imposed his will on the people.这位独裁者把自己的意愿强加给人民。impose [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep (enforce by law) (法律)处以，执行The court imposed a fine on the business.法庭对这家企业处以了罚金。impose [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep (pass off)硬把某物塞给某人；把某物强加给某人The awful writer imposed his terrible writings on the unsuspecting public.那位糟糕的作家把自己的蹩脚作品强加给了毫无戒心的公众。impose upon [sb] vi + prep slightly formal (force yourself on [sb])硬缠着某人；强迫某人与己为伴impose upon [sb] vi + prep slightly formal (inconvenience [sb])给某人带来麻烦；使某人不便impoverish [sb/sth] vtr (make poor)使贫穷；使贫困The newly passed trade deal did little more than impoverish the nation's working class.新通过的贸易协定只会让美国的工人阶级更加贫困。imprecate [sb] vtr (curse, put a curse on)诅咒；祈求天降灾祸于impregnate [sb] vtr (make pregnant)使…受孕；使…受精These techniques can help men with low sperm counts impregnate their wives.impress [sb] vtr (cause positive thoughts)给...留下好印象The student wanted to impress his teacher by finishing his homework early.学生早早就完成了家庭作业，想给老师留下好印象。impress [sb] vtr dated (draft by force)强迫...入伍；强制征收...服役The British military used to impress prisoners into the military.impressed by [sth/sb], impressed with [sth/sb] adj + prep (admired [sth])对…印象深刻的I was impressed by her professionalism. I was very impressed with George, because he was so smart.我对她的专业精神印象深刻。乔治非常聪明，我对他印象深刻。imprison [sb] vtr (put in prison)把…关进监狱；监禁She confessed to the crime only after she was imprisoned.她入狱后才承认犯罪。imprison [sb] vtr figurative (confine)禁锢, 限制Jackie's husband's jealous love imprisoned her in marriage.丈夫带有猜忌的爱情让杰基陷入了婚姻的牢笼。impute [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (attribute)把…归咎于，把…归罪于；把…归因于The reporter imputed the war to greedy politicians.in aid of [sb] adv (for the benefit of: [sb])帮助；支援；资助I'm collecting money in aid of my favourite charity.in awe of [sb/sth] adj + prep (amazed by, admiring of)惊叹于；叹赏于I'm in awe of your bravery!in bed with [sb/sth] expr figurative (in collusion with)与…勾结The mayor's in bed with the property developers to get the plans approved quickly.in cahoots with [sb] expr slang (conspiring with)与…结伙, 与...勾结Many residents believe the local cops are in cahoots with gangsters.in charge of [sth/sb] adj + prep (managing [sb], [sth])负责；主管；是…的主管The editor is in charge of a large team of journalists.编辑主管一个庞大的记者团队。in command of [sb/sth] adj + prep (leading, in charge)负责；领导，率领，指挥in comparison with [sth/sb], in comparison to [sth/sb] prep (when compared to)与…相比较In comparison with John, Ollie's a giant.In comparison to you, she's just an amateur.与约翰相比较，奥利就如巨人一样高大。// 与你相比较，她简直就是个业余选手。in concert with [sb] expr (jointly)与…协力；与…共同Health visitors are working in concert with family doctors to ensure that all infants receive their vaccinations.家访护士正在与家庭医生共同协作，确保所有婴儿都能接种疫苗。in connection with [sth/sb] expr (related to)与…有关；和…有关in control of [sb] expr (in charge of [sb]) (人)控制，支配be in debt to [sb] v expr (owing money to [sb])欠...的钱；欠...的债be in debt to [sb] for [sth] v expr figurative (morally obligated)因某事而欠某人的；欠...的...be in debt to [sb] for doing [sth] v expr figurative (morally obligated)因做某事而欠某人的I will be forever in debt to you for saving my life.in defense of [sb/sth] (US), in defence of [sb/sth] (UK) prep (justifying, in favor of)赞同；同意；偏好The minister spoke in defense of anti-pollution laws.in defiance of [sb/sth] expr (in spite of)虽然有；即便有in dispute with [sb] about [sth] expr (in disagreement)争论中；有争议的；有争端的I'm in dispute with my neighbour about whose job it is to mend the fence between us.in favor with [sb] (US), in favour with [sb] (UK) adj + prep (liked by, popular among)受某人欢迎；得某人欢心in full sight of [sb] expr (in clear view)深入洞察；完全看透in full view of [sb] expr (seen clearly by)让...眼睁睁地看着；在...亲眼目睹之下The suspect was arrested in full view of his wife and children.in honor of [sb] (US), in honour of [sb] (UK) prep (as a tribute to [sb])以向某人致意；为了向某人表示敬意They prepared a large banquet in honour of the King.in honor of [sth/sb] (US), in honour of [sth/sb] (UK) prep (to mark, acknowledge [sth] or [sb])为向…致敬；为纪念…Saigon was renamed in honour of Ho Chi Minh in 1976.be in league with [sb] v expr (plot, conspire with)与…勾结；与…联合；与…串通I think my wife's in league with my mother to make me learn how to cook.我觉得我夫人是和我妈串通，要让我学做饭。be in love with [sb] v expr (be infatuated)爱上某人He's so thoughtful! I am in love with him.in loving memory, in loving memory of [sb] expr (in commemoration of [sb])为了纪念This bench was constructed in loving memory of Harry's grandfather. The gravestone read: "In loving memory of a dear husband and father."in opposition to [sth/sb] prep (against)反对；与…相对立We're demonstrating in opposition to the anti-immigrant legislation.in order for [sth/sb] to do [sth] expr (so that [sth] happens)为了使…In order for sales to be strong, our department needs to work hard this month.in place of [sb], in [sb]'s place expr (as a substitute for [sb] else)代替某人；取代某人He sent a delegate to attend the ceremony in his place.in praise of [sth/sb] adv (approvingly)赞扬；歌颂in pursuit of [sth/sb] prep (chasing)追赶；追击The hounds were in pursuit of a fox.in pursuit of [sth/sb] prep (seeking)追求；追寻He went to the valley in pursuit of tranquillity.in readiness for [sth/sb] expr (so as to be prepared for)为...准备就绪；为某事做好准备I've done everything I was asked to in readiness for tomorrow's ceremony.in reference to [sth/sb] expr (regarding, as related to)有关；关于in remembrance of, in remembrance of [sb], in remembrance of [sth] prep (to commemorate, as a memorial to)为了纪念；作为…的纪念We honor our veterans in remembrance of their service.in support of [sth/sb] prep (in favour of)支持In 2008 more Americans were in support of Barack Obama than John McCain.in support of [sth/sb] prep (as assistance to)协助；帮助There were many sponsor companies that donated equipment in support of the team.许多赞助商公司都捐赠器械来支持这只队伍。in sync with [sth/sb], in synch, in synch with [sth/sb] adj + prep informal, abbreviation, figurative (in synchronization, in harmony)与…同步的；与…协调一致的An employee who is in sync with the company culture is more likely to perform better.in the absence of [sth/sb] prep (given the lack of [sth], [sb])由于...缺席；由于...缺失in the charge of [sb], in [sb]'s charge expr (in [sb]'s care)由...照顾；由...负责The orphan was placed in his uncle's charge until he reached 18.in the nature of [sth/sb] expr (having the character, qualities of)是...的天性；是...的本性in the pocket of [sb], in [sb]'s pocket expr (under [sb]'s control)在某人控制之下；在某人掌握之中It's well-known that the mafia in this town have the mayor in their pocket.in the presence of [sb], in [sb]'s presence prep (in front of, before: [sb])在…面前；当着…的面Bill never smoked in the presence of his girlfriend. Tom asked Emily not to use language like that in his presence, as he didn't like it.比尔从不在他女朋友面前抽烟。汤姆让艾米丽不要当着他的面说那样的话，因为他不喜欢。in thrall to [sb/sth] expr (in the power of [sb] or [sth])受...控制；受...奴役in [sb]'s good books expr figurative, informal (in favor with [sb])受...的青睐in [sb]'s good graces expr (approved of, in favor)受...的首肯；受...的赞许；被...批准inaugurate [sb] vtr (put into office)为…举行就职典礼Presidents are inaugurated in January.总统在一月举行就职典礼。inaugurate [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (put into official role)举行就职典礼The company inaugurated a new CEO last year.incapacitate [sb] vtr (disable, make powerless)使失去能力；使无能力The terrible fall incapacitated the athlete.严重的跌倒让这位运动员丧失了行动能力。incarcerate [sb] vtr (put in prison)使…入监狱；监禁；幽闭The government incarcerates criminals when they are convicted of a crime.当罪犯被判有罪，政府会将他们监禁。incense [sb] vtr (enrage)惹怒；激怒Yesterday's terrorist bombing has incensed the whole nation.昨天恐怖分子制造的爆炸事件激怒了全国人民。incentivize [sb/sth], also UK: incentivise [sb/sth] vtr (give incentives to)鼓励；激励incite [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (provoke to action)激起Be careful or your bold words could incite the people to revolt.incite [sb] to do [sth] v expr (provoke to do [sth])鼓动；煽动The speaker incited the miners to go on strike.incite [sb] vtr (provoke, rouse)煽动；挑动；挑起The judge gave lighter sentences to the rioters than to the ringleaders who had incited them.比起煽动暴乱的头目，法官对普通暴徒成员的量刑是比较轻的。incline [sb] to do [sth] v expr figurative (dispose, influence)使倾向于；使有…的趋势The unexpected cheque inclined me to be a little extravagant.这张意料之外的支票让我感觉有点花费过大。incline [sb] toward [sth], incline [sb] towards [sth] vtr + prep figurative (give [sb] a preference for)使…更喜欢；使…更倾向于To be honest, the fact that Tom doesn't like it inclines me towards it even more.inclined to believe [sth/sb] expr (tending to trust: [sb])倾向于相信Janice was inclined to believe Bill's version of the events.inclose [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep dated (shut in, close off)把...关在...里include [sb] vtr (have as participant)让…加入When the boys play together, they never include their sister.当那些男孩子们一起玩儿的时候，从不让他们的妹妹加入。include [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (have as participant in)将（某人）列入They were not included in the guest list.他们没被列入宾客名单。include [sth/sb] vtr (categorize)把…归入其中，将…列入其中If I were listing my top ten singers, I wouldn't include her.如果要列出我最喜欢的十大歌手，我不会将她包含在内。include [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (categorize)把…算入Let's include this book in the reference section.让我们把这本书也算入参考书目。inclusive of [sth/sb] adj + prep (including)包含，包括；包容，吸纳The price of the meal is inclusive of drinks.餐费中包含了饮品。inclusive of [sb] adj + prep (open to)不歧视；包容The classes are designed to be inclusive of those with little experience.这些课程的设计极具包容度，对那些缺乏经验的人也很友好。incommode [sb] vtr (inconvenience)使…感到不便；使…不方便inconvenience [sb] vtr (bother, trouble)使…感到不方便，给…增添麻烦，麻烦Sarah didn't want to inconvenience her host while she stayed with her, so she rented a car.莎拉住在她家时不想给主人增添麻烦，所以租了一辆车。incriminate [sb] vtr (inculpate)使…有罪；证明…有罪Jennifer's testimony incriminated her husband.詹妮弗的证词证明她丈夫有罪。inculcate [sb] with [sth] vtr (instil)持续灌输；反复教诲The government launched a propaganda program to inculcate the population with pro-state ideals.政府发起宣传，向民众灌输支持国家的想法。inculpate [sb] vtr (incriminate)暗示…有罪；归罪于incumbent on [sb], incumbent upon [sb] adj + prep (obligatory for [sb])对...来说必须履行的；对...来说有义务的The duty of managing finances is incumbent on the organization's treasurer.对于一个公司的出纳来说，管理财务是必须履行的义务。incumbent on [sb] to do [sth], incumbent upon [sb] to do [sth] expr (obligatory for [sb])某人必须履行某事；某人有义务做某事It is incumbent on the bride's father to make a speech at the wedding.新娘的父亲有义务在婚礼上致辞。incur [sb]'s anger, incur [sb]'s wrath v expr (cause anger)惹...生气；让...恼怒The student incurred his teacher's wrath by playing truant again.indebted to [sb] adj + prep (owing money)负债的；欠债的I'm indebted to my parents for the money to buy this flat.indebted to [sb] adj + prep figurative (owing gratitude)感激的；感恩的Finally, I'm indebted to my publisher, without whose support this book would never have been finished.indemnify [sb] vtr (give compensation for)向某人赔偿；补偿The board of directors has agreed to indemnify the woman.董事会同意向那位女士赔偿。indemnify [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (compensate: for [sth])补偿The company was forced to indemnify the man for all the costs he had incurred.indemnify [sth/sb] vtr (insure)保障；保证补偿The board took out insurance policies to indemnify several of their higher-ranked employees.董事会取出保单来赔偿几位高级别员工的损失。indemnify [sb/sth] against [sth] vtr + prep (insure: against [sth])就...赔偿This policy will indemnify you against all loss in case of fires, floods, or theft.该保单将就火灾、洪水或偷盗情况下的所有损失向你赔偿。indent [sb] vtr (make [sb] an indentured servant) (仆人)用契约约束indenture [sb] vtr (contract to serve)按合同为…服务；按契约为…服务The blacksmith indentured his new apprentice.铁匠与他的新学徒签订契约。independent of [sth/sb] adj + prep (person: managing alone)独立于...的；不依赖...的I'm looking forward to getting a place of my own so I can be independent of my parents.我盼望着自己出去住，也好不依赖我的父母。independent of [sb] adj + prep (without the financial support of)经济上独立于...的；自食其力的In the 19th century it was rare for a woman to be independent of her husband.19世纪，很少有女人自食其力，不依靠自己的丈夫。indict [sb] vtr (accuse, criticize)批判；指责The literary critic indicted the author.那位文学评论家批评了这位作者。indict [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (accuse, criticize for [sth])控告某人犯有（罪）；指责某人有（错）The journalist indicted the congressman of corruption.indifference to [sth/sb] n (lack of interest or concern)漠不关心；毫无兴趣Your indifference to my feelings is causing me a lot of unhappiness.indoctrinate [sb] vtr (brainwash)向…灌输某种思想；对…进行洗脑The professor indoctrinated his student with conspiracy theories.这名教授向他的学生灌输阴谋论。induce [sb] to do [sth] v expr (persuade)劝诱；诱使induce [sb] vtr (cause to go into labor)对...进行人工催产Marina is two weeks overdue, so the doctors are inducing her tomorrow.玛琳娜已经晚产两周，所以医生打算明天对他进行人工催产。induct [sb] vtr (initiate)使入门, 使初步了解；吸纳…加入The fraternity will hold a ceremony to induct the new members.兄弟会将举行仪式接纳新成员。induct [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (initiate into [sth])正式就职；赋予头衔Every baseball player hopes to be inducted into the Hall of Fame.indulge [sb] vtr (person: satisfy, humour)使满足；纵容；迁就She just wants your attention. Don't indulge her.她只是想引你注意而已。不要纵容她。inebriate [sb] vtr (make drunk)灌醉infantalize [sb], also UK: infantilise [sb] vtr (treat [sb] like child)将…当作幼儿对待infatuate [sb] vtr usu passive (obsess)使着迷；使迷恋The woman's seductive perfume was enough to infatuate the young man.那个女人诱人的香水足以使这个年轻人为之疯狂。infect [sb/sth] vtr (contaminate)污染；传染The germs had infected his wound.细菌感染了他的伤口。infect [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (contaminate with [sth])传染The traveler became infected with malaria.infect [sb/sth] vtr figurative (taint, corrupt)腐蚀, 使腐化Anarchism infected the youth.无政府主义腐化了年轻人。infect [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative (tainted by [sth])影响The news of the gold strike infected the townspeople with greed.infect [sb/sth] vtr figurative (affect, be spread among)感染；影响The teacher's sense of fun infected the whole class.inflame [sb] vtr figurative (enrage or excite: [sb])激怒；挑逗The speaker inflamed the crowd with his angry words.inflamed (by [sth/sb]) adj figurative (exacerbated)加剧的, 被火上加油的The situation was inflamed by the politician's careless remarks.那个政治家的轻率言论让局势进一步恶化。inflict [sth] on [sb] vtr (impose, enforce)强加This is a bad time to inflict new taxes on working people.现在不是向一般工作者征收新税的好时机。inflict [sth] on [sb] vtr (deliver: a blow, punishment)给予打击；使遭到打击The enemy inflicted severe injuries on them.敌人给了他们沉重的打击。inflict pain on [sb] v expr (cause suffering)造成痛苦Torture is designed to inflict pain on somebody.折磨是为了给人造成痛苦。influence [sb] vtr (change the opinions of)影响；左右；支配She influenced him through her reasoned argument.inform [sb] that vtr (tell)告诉，告知，通知We regret to inform you that your account has been suspended.我们很遗憾地告诉您，您的账户已经被冻结了。inform [sb] (of [sth]) vtr (notify)通知；告知As the senior police officer, I had to inform the parents of their son's death.作为高级警官，我不得不通知那对父母他们儿子的死讯。inform on [sb] vi + prep (denounce to police)检举；揭发Hotlines allow people to inform on drug dealers anonymously.热线电话允许人们匿名揭发毒贩。infuriate [sb] vtr often passive (make very angry)触怒；激怒；使…大怒The child's stubbornness infuriated his parents.infuse [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr figurative, often passive (fill: with idea, emotion) (观点、情绪)灌输, 注入The island is infused with history and tradition. The teacher tried to infuse his students with enthusiasm for the subject.这座岛屿拥有丰富历史和传统。老师尝试激发学生对该学科的热情。ingrain [sth] in [sb], engrain [sth] in [sb] vtr + prep figurative (instil, implant) (思想、习惯等)使...根深蒂固My mother has ingrained good manners in me since childhood.从小时候开始，我母亲就让我建立了懂礼貌的观念。ingratiate yourself with [sb] v expr (gain favor with)迎合某人，讨好某人，取悦某人，巴结某人You should try to ingratiate yourself with the boss.inhibit [sb] vtr (prevent self-expression)阻止；阻碍These conventional school uniforms inhibit the students.这些传统的校服束缚了学生。initiate [sb] vtr (introduce, induct [sb])吸收...加入The fraternity initiated its new members last weekend, so none of them showed up for class.兄弟会上周末吸收了新会员加入，所以他们都没来上课。initiate [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (induct [sb] into [sth])吸收…加入The monks initiated him into the order.僧侣们吸收他加入教团。initiate [sb] vtr (train)向...传授经验；将基本知识传授给Harry spent an hour initiating his new employee.哈利花了一个小时的时间，将基本知识传授给新雇员。inject [sb/sth] vtr (give an injection to)给…注射；给…打针The chart indicates that no-one has injected the patient.这张表说明没有人给该病人进行过注射。inject [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (give an injection)注射Doctors inject patients with vaccines.inject [sth] into [sb/sth] vtr + prep (administer by injection)注射给药The insulin must be injected into the buttocks.injure [sb] vtr often passive (hurt [sb] physically) (身体)使受伤，伤害The fall injured the old lady badly.老婆婆摔的这一跤使她受伤严重。injure [sth], injure [sb]'s [sth] vtr (hurt: [sb]'s feelings) (情感)伤害Pam's rejection of Jim injured his pride.帕姆的拒绝伤害了吉姆的自尊。inoculate [sb] vtr (vaccinate against [sth])为…接种疫苗；为…注射疫苗Parents are required to inoculate their children before the start of the school year.我们要求家长在学年开始前为孩子接种疫苗。inquire after [sb], enquire after [sb] vi + prep formal (ask for news of [sb])打听...的近况Kate inquired after Ben's sister when she saw him at the store.凯特在商店碰到本的时候，便打听他妹妹的近况。inscribe [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (dedicate)将某物题赠给某人The singer inscribed a copy of his autobiography to Lisa.inseminate [sb/sth] vtr (impregnate)使…怀孕；使…受精insinuate [sth/sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (insert, introduce: into [sth])钻营；缓慢进入Robert insinuated his wife into the top echelons.inspect [sth/sb] vtr (examine critically)审视, 审阅；督查, 检验Inspect the car thoroughly before you sign the form.在表格上签字前，请先彻底检查一下汽车。inspect [sth/sb] vtr (examine officially)视察The general inspected the troops.inspire [sb] vtr (motivate [sb])激励；鼓舞Fred tried to inspire his workers by offering stock options.为激励雇员，弗莱德提供了股票奖励。inspire [sb] to do [sth] v expr (motivate [sb] to do [sth])激发某人做某事My sister's success in business inspired me to set up my own company.我妹妹下海成功，激发我也成立了自己的公司。inspire [sb] vtr (awaken [sb]'s creative ideas)引发…的灵感；激发…的创意Impressionism inspires me more than any other art movement.印象主义其他任何艺术运动更能激发我的创意。inspire [sth] in [sb] vtr + prep (arouse [sth])激起；激发起Jeff's work inspired a lot of confidence in his abilities among the management, and he was promoted soon.杰夫的工作表现激起了管理层对他能力的信心，很快，杰夫就喜获升迁。install [sb] vtr (person: put into a job)使...就职；任命instate [sb] vtr (person: put into office)任命；使就任The president instated a new Supreme Court Justice.总统任命了一位新的最高法院大法官。instead of [sth/sb] adv + prep (in place of)而非，而不是At Christmas, she cooks a nut roast instead of turkey.圣诞节她会烤坚果糕而非火鸡。instigate [sb] to do [sth] v expr (incite, provoke: [sb])煽动；挑动；挑起We're hoping to instigate the workers to revolt.我们希望鼓动工人反抗。instill [sth] in [sb] (US), instil [sth] in [sb] (UK) vtr + prep figurative (impress: [sth] on [sb])逐渐向某人灌输；逐渐让某人培养Their grandmother instilled piety in them from an early age.institutionalize [sth], also UK: institutionalise [sb] vtr (absorb [sth] into a system)将…同化到某一体系；使制度化There are concerns that social media is complicit in institutionalizing misogyny within our societies.社会上有忧虑称，社交媒体为虎作伥，使厌女症在我们的社会中制度化。institutionalize [sb], also UK: institutionalise [sb] vtr (admit [sb] to a care facility)收容…进入医疗机构；将某人送入疗养机构；送某人住院Our son had a nervous breakdown and we had to institutionalize him.我们的儿子精神崩溃了，所以我们不得不送他住院。instruct [sb] vtr (teach, educate [sb])教育；教授Dan got a job instructing 5th graders at the local school.instruct [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (show, teach [sb] [sth])指导；教授The paramedic instructed the class in the use of an AED.instruct [sb] on [sth] vtr + prep (show, explain to [sb] how to do [sth])指示；指导Carl instructed Ben on how to install his new sink.instruct [sb] to do [sth] vtr + prep (tell, command [sb])命令某人做某事；指示某人做某事The sports teacher instructed the pupils to sit down.instruct [sb] that/when/where vtr (with clause: inform [sb]) (接从句)告知；通知The officials were instructed that their duties included ensuring health and safety rules were adhered to.insufflate [sb] vtr (religion: breathe on) (宗教)吹气insulate [sb] from [sth] vtr figurative (protect: [sb])使隔绝； (不良影响)使免受They're trying to insulate their children from all the public attention.他们试图让自己孩子远离公众的关注。insult [sb] vtr (offend with words)辱骂Kyle insulted Dan when he called him a ninny.凯尔辱骂丹，称他为笨蛋。insult [sb] vtr (offend)冒犯；触怒Karen insulted her grandmother when she forgot to send her a thank you card. Amanda insulted her boss by making a rude gesture at him.凯伦忘记给自己的祖母寄感谢明信片，触怒了她。阿曼达对自己的老板比了个粗鲁的手势，冒犯了老板。an insult to [sth/sb] n (offending action)对…的侮辱，对…的羞辱Tom thought that being denied the job was a huge insult to him.在汤姆看来，没拿到这份工作是对他的巨大羞辱。integrate [sb] vtr (people, races)使融入，使融合Dan's school was one of the last in the country to integrate minorities.丹的学校是全国最后几所融合少数民族的学校之一。intend [sth] for [sth/sb] vtr + prep usu passive (designate)指定将…用于，预定将…用于This money is intended for hurricane relief.这笔钱是要用于飓风救灾的。inter [sb] vtr (bury, put in grave)埋葬At my father's funeral we interred the body.在我父亲的葬礼上，我们埋葬了他的尸体。interact with [sb] vi + prep (person, animal: make contact)与...交往；与...打交道Ken didn't like interacting with people, so he bought a house in the forest.肯不喜欢与人交往，所以在森林里买了一栋房子。interest [sb] vtr (engage attention)引起…的兴趣；使…关注Yes, other cultures really interest me.interest [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (induce participation by [sb])使…对…产生兴趣Can I interest you in some ice cream?interested (in [sth/sb]) adj (curious, fascinated)感兴趣的；关心的Are you interested in my problems or not?你到底关不关心我的问题？interface with [sb/sth] vi + prep (communicate with)与…交流；与…通讯Dan called his manager and asked to interface with him for a moment.interfere with [sb] vi + prep (abuse by touching sexually)对...进行性骚扰；性骚扰...Larry was arrested for interfering with Tom's daughter.拉里因性骚扰汤姆的女儿而受到逮捕。intern [sb] vtr (detain)扣留，扣押；拘留The US government interned Japanese immigrants all over the west coast during world war 2.interrogate [sb] vtr (question, examine)审问；质问；盘问Police interrogated the suspects for an hour before releasing them.警察审问了嫌疑犯一个小时后才将他们释放。interrogate [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep (question on [sth])质问My wife interrogated me about my whereabouts after I didn't come home last night.interrupt [sb] vtr (cut off: person speaking) (他人讲话时)打断；打岔He interrupted me in mid-sentence.我话说到一半就被他打断了。interview [sb] vtr (for a job)面试The boss interviewed three candidates for the job.老板为这份工作面试了三个应聘者。interview [sb] vtr (journalistic)采访；访问The reporter interviewed the president for thirty minutes.记者采访了该总裁三十分钟。interview [sb] vtr (police)审问；审查The police interviewed all the witnesses.intimate with [sb] adj (sexually involved: with [sb])与…有亲密关系It's never a good idea to become intimate with someone you work with.intimate with [sb] adj (close friends: with [sb]) (朋友)与…关系亲密intimidate [sb] vtr (bully, coerce [sb])恐吓；威胁；胁迫The bullies intimidated the new kids at school.那些恶霸恐吓学校的新生。intimidate [sb] into [sth] v expr (coerce, frighten [sb] into [sth])威胁；恐吓The wrestler tried to intimidate his opponent into submission.intimidate [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (coerce, frighten [sb] into action)恐吓使屈服；威逼Intimidating a voter into staying away from the polls is inexcusable.我们不能宽恕恐吓选民不参加投票的行为。intimidate [sb] vtr (be daunting)威吓；使胆怯；使害怕The big roller coaster didn't intimidate the fearless child.那大型过山车并未吓倒这名无所畏惧的孩子。be into [sb] vi + prep informal (like romantically) (人)对…有兴趣，喜欢It's obvious from the way Liam looks at you that he is really into you.intolerant of [sth/sb] adj + prep (narrow-minded)对...心胸狭窄的Some of those churchgoers are intolerant of other religions.intoxicate [sb] vtr (make drunk)使喝醉, 用药物使麻醉Five shots of tequila will intoxicate anyone.喝下五杯龙舌兰酒，任何人都会醉倒。intoxicate [sb] vtr (drug)给...投麻醉药The predatory man slipped Meghan a drink to intoxicate her.intoxicate [sb] vtr figurative (enchant, captivate)使陶醉, 使欣喜若狂The smell of Erica's perfume intoxicated the store clerk.艾丽卡的香水味让店员陶醉。intrigue [sb] vtr (fascinate, interest)使着迷；引起…的兴趣Victorian portrait photos have always intrigued me.维多利亚时代的人像照片一直使我着迷。introduce [sb] vtr (present [sb]) (人)介绍, 引荐, 使互相认识Allow me to introduce my friend Stephen.让我介绍我的朋友斯蒂芬。introduce [sb] to [sb] vtr + prep (make acquainted) (人)介绍…给…认识，把…介绍给…；把…引见给…It was me who introduced Maria to Ali.是我把玛丽亚介绍给阿里的。introduce [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep figurative (make familiar)向…介绍…He introduced me to this brilliant website.他向我介绍了这个精彩的网站。introduce [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (give first experience of [sth])给…介绍…；使…了解…Before being allowed to dive in the ocean, the trainees were introduced to the scuba equipment in the swimming pool.在得到海洋潜水的允许前，应当在水池里给受训人员介绍水肺设备。intrude on [sth/sb] vi + prep (interrupt uninvited)闯入I hate to intrude on your party, but the noise is really bothering me.intubate [sb/sth] vtr (medicine: insert tube into an airway)插管inundate [sb] vtr figurative (overwhelm: with [sth])压倒, 被...淹没Phone calls inundated the receptionist.接线员收到不计其数的电话。inundate [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (overwhelm with [sth])使不胜负荷；充满The professor was inundated with papers to grade.inure [sb] vtr (accustom: to [sth] bad)使…习惯于；使…适应于Alaskan people are inured by the cold.阿拉斯加人习惯了寒冷气候。inure [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (accustom to [sth] bad)习惯于The wife was inured to her husband's frequent adultery.inveigle [sb] vtr (persuade by deceit)骗取I didn't want to go to the party, but my best friend inveigled me.我本不想去参加那个派对，但我最好的朋友诱骗我去。inveigle [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (persuade by deceit)诱骗...进入The pedophile inveigled the small children into his car.inveigle [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (persuade by deceit)哄骗...做My brother managed to inveigle me into lending him money.invest [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep formal (give [sb] powers, rights)赋予某人某物；授予某人某物The king invested the diplomat with the right to make decisions on behalf of the state.国王赋予外交大臣代表国家制定决策的权利。investigate [sb] vtr (inquire into [sb]'s background)调查（某人）The police investigated the suspect and found he had one previous conviction.警方调查嫌疑人，并发现他有一次前科。invigorate [sb] vtr (refresh)重新使生机勃勃；使恢复精力Taking a cold shower will invigorate you.洗个冷水澡会让你恢复精力。invite [sb] vtr (ask [sb] to party, house) (参加聚会等)邀请Aaron is having a party this weekend and has invited all his friends.艾伦本周末要开聚会，邀请了所有的朋友。invite [sb] in vtr + adv (ask [sb] to enter)邀请…进来The neighbor came by and Kate invited her in.凯特邀请前来串门的邻居进来。invite [sb] to do [sth] v expr (ask [sb] to do [sth])邀请某人做某事The government invited Laura to work for the mayor.政府邀请劳拉为市长工作。invoice [sb/sth] for [sth] v expr (present [sb] with an invoice for [sth])给…开发票Please invoice my company for the charges.请给我的公司开出费用发票。invoke [sth/sb] vtr (summon)召唤；唤起The spell was intended to invoke a demon, but it didn't.这个咒语是用来召唤恶魔的，但却未召唤成功。invoke [sth/sb] vtr (call upon: to help) (援助等)呼吁, 恳求In his anger against those who had vandalized his church, the priest invoked the wrath of heaven.因对那些破坏他教堂的人表示愤怒，这位牧师呼唤上天的忿怒。invoke [sth/sb] to do [sth] v expr (call upon to act)召唤The young family's sad plight invoked us to come to their aid.involve [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (include in [sth])使某人参与某事，让某人参与某事She involved him in the decision-making process because of his experience.由于他经验丰富，她让他参与了决策过程。involve [sb] in doing [sth] v expr (include in doing)让某人参与做某事We like to involve the children in deciding where to go for the summer holidays.我们希望让孩子们参与决定夏日假期去哪里。irk [sb] vtr (irritate, annoy)使…厌倦；使厌烦；使苦恼Bob's smug smile just irks me!鲍勃那自鸣得意的笑容真让人厌烦！irritate [sb] vtr (annoy)惹恼；激怒You're irritating your dad with all your stupid questions.你所有那些愚蠢的问题都让你爸爸很生气。irritate [sb/sth] vtr (person, animal: cause discomfort)使...不舒服The tag on the neck of my dress is irritating me.isolate [sb] vtr (from other people) (人)使…孤立，把…隔离开来，使…隔绝Paul moved to Montana because he wanted to isolate himself from society. Working from home isolated Serena from society.保罗搬到蒙大拿州是因为他想与世隔绝。在家工作让塞丽娜与社会隔离开来。issue [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (distribute [sth] to [sb])把…分发给，向…分发…The university issues identity cards to all its students.这所大学向所有学生分发身份卡。issue [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (give, send [sb] [sth])把…发给，把…发给…The library issued me with a new card.图书馆发给我一张新借书卡。It won't hurt [sb] to do [sth], it wouldn't hurt [sb] to do [sth] v expr informal (It is advisable for [sb] to do [sth])某人可以做某事；建议某人做某事It wouldn't hurt you to at least ask your teacher for more time to do your essay.it's back to the drawing board, it's back to the drawing board for [sb] expr figurative, informal (need to start over)从头再来；推倒重来Well, my boss vetoed my proposal - I guess it's back to the drawing board.Italianize [sth/sb] vtr (make Italian)使…意大利化jab [sb] vtr (prod sharply)捅；戳；快击She jabbed me in the side and said "Shh!"她戳了我一下，说“嘘！”jab [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (prod sharply with [sth])戳Ouch! You just jabbed me with your pencil!jab [sth] at [sb] vtr + prep (poke: [sth] at [sb])用...刺He jabbed his walking stick at me and told me to stay off his lawn.jab [sth] into [sb] vtr + prep (poke: [sth] into [sb])猛击She jabbed her elbow into my ribs to get my attention.jab at [sb/sth] vi + prep (poke at)戳；拨动The old lady was jabbing at Vince with her finger.jade [sb/sth] vtr dated, formal (wear out)使...精疲力尽；磨损；用旧Don't let a few bumps on the way jade you; the world still has a lot of goodness in it.别让前进道路上的一些磕碰磨灭了你的意志，世界上依然有许多美好的事物。jail [sb] vtr (imprison)监禁；拘留The government jailed Holly for six months for her crimes.政府因霍莉犯罪而将其监禁了六个月。jar [sb] vtr ([sb]: shake emotionally)震惊；震悸The news jarred Larry, and he had to sit down.这则消息让拉里大为震惊，他不得不坐了下来。jaundice [sb] vtr figurative (person: make cynical, bitter)对…产生仇恨All of your bullying will jaundice the poor kid.你所有的欺凌会让这个可怜的孩子产生仇恨。jawbone [sb] into doing [sth] v expr US, informal (pressure through persuasion)磨破嘴皮硬是说服某人做某事The salesman jawboned the couple into signing the contract.jazz [sb] vtr US, slang (excite)使兴奋Seeing my favorite movie star in the flesh really jazzed me!jealous (of [sb]) adj (resentful: of [sb])妒忌的；因妒忌而愤恨不满的He was jealous of his brother, who was smarter and better looking than him.他妒忌自己更聪明、更英俊的弟弟。jeer [sb] vtr (shout abuse at, taunt [sb])嘲弄，奚落The audience jeered the singer after a terrible performance.jibe [sb], gibe [sb] vtr (mock, taunt)嘲笑；奚落；揶揄The other kids jibed Bobby mercilessly.jibe at [sb] vi + prep (mock, taunt)嘲笑；讥笑jilt [sb] vtr (end engagement to marry)与...解除婚约Suzie jilted her fiance of five years to pursue another man.为了追求另一个男人，苏西与交往五年的未婚夫解除了婚约。jinx [sb/sth] vtr (superstition: cause failure)使倒霉；使遭殃；把霉运带给Ian jinxed the cricket match when he said it wasn't going to rain.伊恩说不会下雨时，这场板球比赛就倒了霉运。jitney [sb/sth] vtr US (transport in jitney)让...乘小公共汽车jive [sb] vtr US, slang (tease, talk nonsense to)戏弄Are you just jiving me or are you serious?join [sb] vtr (socially)与…一起做某事；和…一起参与某社交活动We are going to see a movie tonight. Would you like to join us?我们今晚要去看电影。你想与我们一起去吗？join with [sb], join with [sb] to do [sth] vi + prep (cooperate)使结合，使联合；使联姻Business leaders have joined with the government to fight poverty.企业领袖与政府联合起来与贫困作斗争。join hands, join hands with [sb] v expr (clasp each another's hands)拉起手来；携起手来The entire congregation joined hands in prayer. Please would you all join hands with the person next to you.全体会众手拉手祈祷。请大家和旁边的人手拉手。join hands, join hands with [sb] v expr figurative (unite)携手；联手；协作Let's join hands and fight for what we believe in! We will join hands with our friends and stand up for our common beliefs.jolly [sb] vtr (tease)善意地取笑；打趣Jon's friends jollied him about his crush on Sarah.jolt [sb/sth] vtr (by electricity)电击100 watts of electricity jolted Eric as he touched the wire.埃里克碰到电线时，100瓦的电使他震颤。jolt [sb/sth] vtr (move with jerk)使…颠簸；使…震动Another train passenger stumbled and jolted Paula's arm, causing her to spill the cup of tea she was holding. The movement of the car over the stony track jolted the passengers.另一位火车乘客踉跄了一下，撞到宝拉，使她的胳膊晃动，撒了手中的茶。车开过石头路面，使乘客们颠簸。jolt [sb] vtr figurative (emotionally)让...震撼； (指情感)震动The news jolted Sarah, and she had to sit down.那消息让萨拉大为震撼，她必须坐定下来平复心情。josh [sb] vtr informal (joke, tease [sb])拿...开玩笑Don't mind Bob; he's just joshing you!jostle [sb], justle [sb] vtr (shove, push) (人群)推, 挤, 推搡；推搡着前行, 挤进备注: "Justle" is an archaic form of "jostle."The crowd jostled him into the subway.人群将他挤入了地铁。judge [sb] to be [sth], judge [sb] vtr (declare)宣判某人为；审判某人为；宣布判决某人为He was judged to be guilty.他被宣判有罪。judge [sb/sth] vtr (criticize or assess)鉴定；评判；评断You can't judge him just from that one mistake!你不能单凭那一个错误就贸然评断他！jug [sb] vtr slang (throw in jail)把...关进监狱；把...投进牢房A policeman jugged Gary for swearing at him.juke [sb] vtr US, informal (sports: mislead opponent through feint)对...做假动作；做假动作诱使jump [sb] vtr slang (attack, mug) (口语)突然袭击, 忽然攻击Three guys jumped me back in the alley and stole my money.jump all over [sb] v expr US, figurative, informal (criticize, find fault with)严厉斥责；责难He jumps all over his employees every time they make the slightest error.jump into bed with [sb/sth] v expr figurative, informal, disapproving (form an alliance with) (含贬义)与...穿一条裤子；与...同流合污jump on [sth/sb] vi + prep informal (leap onto)跳上Please don't jump on the bed, children.jump over [sth/sb] vi + prep (leap across)跳过Yvonne jumped over the ticket barrier and boarded the train without paying.伊冯跳过检票口，没付钱就上了火车。junior to [sb] adj (lower in rank)等级比...低的；地位比...低的I don't like being told what to do by people who are junior to me.justify [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (give reason, excuse)辩解I tried to justify the price of house to my husband, but he said it was not a good value.kayo [sb] vtr slang (knock out)击晕；把…打晕keelhaul [sb] vtr figurative (reprimand)严厉斥责, 训斥, 谴责keelhaul [sb] vtr (nautical: punish by dragging under keel of a ship) (从前对海员的一种刑罚)把…绑在船下拖拽keep [sb] vtr (support)维持…的生计；养活He works long hours to keep her and her five children.keep [sb] vtr UK (provide lodging)为…提供住宿She keeps five lodgers in her little house.keep [sth/sb] + [adj] vtr + adj (conserve as specified)保持...处于某种状态Peter likes to keep his car clean.keep [sb/sth] vtr (have custody of)抚养；养育She kept the children after the divorce.keep [sb] vtr (detain)拘留；扣押The police kept the men all night for questioning.警察拘留了那帮人，审讯了他们整晚。keep a check on [sth/sb] v expr informal (monitor)控制；监视I'm keeping a check on his work to ensure that he's doing it right.keep a check on [sth/sb] v expr US, informal (control, restrain, limit)限制..., 控制...They expect increased oil production to keep a check on gasoline prices.keep a close watch on [sb/sth] v expr (monitor [sth], [sb] attentively)严格监督；严密监视；密切注意Parents of teenagers have to keep a close watch on everything they do.keep [sth/sb] afloat vtr + adj (prevent from sinking)使一直漂浮在水面A life jacket will keep you afloat, even if you are unconscious.keep [sth/sb] afloat vtr + adj figurative (business: keep running)使能维持下去；使能运营下去Wilkins had to take out a large loan to keep the business afloat.keep [sb] alive vtr + adj figurative (be of great importance)对...至关重要Poetry kept him alive during his incarceration.His interest in the lives of his grandchildren keeps him alive.keep [sb] alive vtr + adj (prolong [sb]'s life artificially)维持...的生命The life support system in the ambulance kept him alive until he reached the hospital.It's only an artificial heart and other machines that are keeping him alive.keep an eye on [sth/sb] v expr informal (watch carefully)密切注意；留意When cooking soufflés, you need to keep an eye on them so they don't fall.keep an eye out for [sth/sb] vtr informal (remain vigilant for)注意；留心It's important to keep an eye out for dangerous snakes in the bush. Keep an eye out for a parking spot.特别注意草丛中有危险的蛇。注意找个停车位。keep [sb] at a distance v expr (not be friendly)冷漠对待某人；疏远某人keep [sth/sb] at bay v expr figurative (prevent getting closer)防止…接近；使…无法靠近Vaccination is the most effective way to keep the flu at bay.keep [sb] awake vtr + adj (prevent from sleeping)使保持清醒；使睡不着Drinking coffee at night keeps me awake.The monster movie was so scary that it kept the children awake all night.；keep away from [sth/sb] v expr (stay at a distance from)保持距离I keep away from people who are ill.我与生病的人会保持距离。keep [sth/sb] away vtr + adv (prevent from getting closer)使无法接近There are many things you can do to keep mosquitoes away.有很多方法可以驱赶蚊子。keep clear of [sth/sb] v expr (not go near)不要靠近…keep clear of [sth/sb] v expr figurative, informal (avoid)不要与…接近；离…远点；避免与…接触keep [sb/sth] close vtr + adj (keep nearby)将…处于附近Claire decided to work from home so that she could keep her children close.keep close to [sb/sth] v expr (stay near)靠近Keep close to me when we're at the concert; I don't want you to get lost.keep [sb] company vtr + n (prevent being lonely)给…作伴；陪伴Brian has his dog to keep him company.keep [sb/sth] cool vtr + adj (prevent getting hot)使保持凉快These plants don't like too much heat, so keep them cool by planting them in a partially shaded spot.keep [sb/sth] from doing [sth] vtr + prep (prevent)阻止；克制，压抑；克制；压抑The constant interruptions were keeping Alvin from doing his work.在持续的干扰下，阿尔文无法继续他的工作。keep [sb/sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep (keep apart)使…与…分开Dave's ex tries to keep him from his son.戴夫的前妻阻止他见他的儿子。keep [sb/sth] from harm v expr (protect)保护...不受伤害Victor was ready to risk his life to keep his daughter from harm.keep hold of [sth/sb] v expr informal (maintain one's grasp on)抓住；拿着The child kept hold of his mother's hand as they crossed the road.keep in contact with [sb], stay in contact with [sb] v expr (stay in touch with [sb])保持联系；保持联络New technologies make it easy to keep in contact with your customers.I'm sorry you have to leave but please keep in contact.keep [sb/sth] in line v expr (control, make conform)管控；管束keep [sb] in mind, bear [sb] in mind v expr (consider [sb] for [sth])考虑到；想到If you ever need a cleaner, keep me in mind.如果你需要清洁工，请记得找我。keep [sb] in the dark v expr figurative (not tell [sb] about [sth])向...掩瞒；不告知；让...不知情She was surprised by the party, because her friends kept her in the dark when planning it.keep [sb] in the loop v expr figurative, informal (keep [sb] informed)及时向...告知动向；及时让...了解情况My colleagues kept me in the loop while I was away.keep in touch with [sb] v expr informal (stay in contact with [sb])与…保持联系Promise you'll keep in touch with us while you're away.保证你离开以后也会与我们保持联系。keep [sb] informed vtr + adj (update [sb] on progress, events)随时告知keep [sb] on a leash v expr figurative (limit, control [sb])限制；控制keep [sb] on their toes, keep [sb] on his toes, keep [sb] on her toes v expr (make [sb] concentrate)让...保持警觉；让...时刻警惕The teacher kept the students on their toes by giving them a surprise test.keep pace with [sb/sth] v expr (go as fast)跟上步伐，跟上，保持步调一致John wasn't able to keep pace with the other runners.keep [sb] posted v expr informal (update regularly)保持联系；随时通知I'll keep you posted on what's happening on Friday night.keep [sth/sb] quiet vtr + adj (prevent from making noise)使…保持安静Please try to keep those children quiet - this is a church, not a playground!请让那些孩子们保持安静。这里是教堂，不是游乐场！keep [sth/sb] still vtr + adj (hold steady)使…保持不动You need one person to keep the cat still and another to trim its claws.keep tabs on [sb/sth], keep a tab on [sb/sth] v expr figurative, informal (monitor)密切注意；密切关注A business should keep tabs on what its competitors are doing.keep [sth/sb] under [sth] vtr + prep (keep [sth] beneath [sth])把...放在...下面keep [sb] up to date v expr (inform regularly)使…了解最新消息；使…跟上时代We'll keep you up to date with the latest business news.keep [sb] updated v expr (inform [sb] of progress)保持更新；有消息马上通知I'll keep you updated on his progress, Mrs. Brown; you should get some rest.keep [sb] waiting v expr (make [sb] wait)让...等待；使...等候I'm sorry to have kept you waiting, I got caught up in traffic.keep watch over [sth/sb] v expr (observe, monitor)监视；守卫The lifeguards are keeping watch over the beach.There is a member of medical staff keeping watch over the patient at all times.keep your distance from [sth/sb] v expr (not go near)与...保持距离keep your distance from [sth/sb] v expr figurative (avoid, stay away) (感情、心理上)与…保持距离The manager keeps his distance from the employees.keep [sb]'s spirits up v expr (help [sb] stay cheerful)振作精神；保持乐观积极kick [sb/sth] vtr (strike with foot)踢, 踹The object is to kick the ball into the net.目的是要把球踢入网内。kick off at [sb] v expr UK, figurative, slang (become angry with)向…发火My ex kicked off at me when I said he couldn't keep borrowing my car whenever he liked after we split up.我对我的前任说了分手后他不能随时借我的车，他便开始朝我发火。kick [sb] upstairs v expr informal (promote to less powerful position) (职务)让某人明升暗降kid [sb] vtr (joke)和…开玩笑Karen made a face and said, "You've got to be kidding me!"凯伦做了个鬼脸说：“你肯定是在和我开玩笑！”kidnap [sb] vtr (abduct)诱拐，拐走；绑架Someone kidnapped a young girl after school yesterday.昨天放学后，有人拐走了一个小姑娘。kill [sb/sth] vtr (cause death)杀死，处死He killed the ant before it could bite him.The murderer had killed three people.他在蚂蚁咬他之前杀死了它。// 凶手杀死了三人。kill [sb] vtr figurative, informal (hurt physically) (比喻)痛死...了；让…受折磨I've got to take these shoes off. My feet are killing me.我得把这双鞋脱了。我的脚快痛死我了。kill [sb] vtr figurative, informal (hurt emotionally) (情感上)使难受，使难过It kills me to see you leave the company. Please reconsider!看你离开公司我难过极了。请三思！kill [sb] vtr slang, figurative (amuse)使...发笑；笑死You are killing me! That is so funny!kin to [sb] adj + prep (person: related to [sb])与…是亲戚As my second cousin, Maria is kin to me and I feel obliged to help her.二堂妹玛利亚是我的亲人，我认为自己有义务向她伸出援手。kind to [sb] adj + prep (benevolent) (对某人)仁慈的；和蔼的The king was kind to the people of his country and was well liked.国王对自己的臣民很仁慈，受到所有人的爱戴。kind to [sb] adj (treatment: gentle)对待…友好；对…温和Life has not been kind to her. Listen, I've been kind to you so far, but you need to start working harder.生活就没有善待过她。听着，我一直对你很友好，但你真的得更加努力地工作了。king [sb] vtr literary, dated (make king)立…为王；使…做国王He was kinged in 1492.kiss [sb] vtr (press lips together with [sb])吻；亲吻；亲嘴Laura kissed Daniel.劳拉吻了丹尼尔。kit [sb] out with [sth] v expr (provide with clothes)给…提供…The kids are all kitted out with hats, gloves and scarves for the winter.kit [sb] out with [sth] v expr (equip with [sth])给…装备…They kitted us out with water bottles, a two-man tent and a first-aid bag,knacker [sb] vtr UK, vulgar, figurative, slang (exhaust)使筋疲力尽, 使疲惫万分The long work days we have during the busy season really knacker me.旺季力的长时间工作让我疲惫不堪。knee [sb/sth] vtr (hit with knee)用膝盖碰；用膝盖撞Shaun kneed the punching bag.肖恩用膝盖撞沙袋。kneecap [sb] vtr (shoot in the knees)射击...膝盖骨；将...膝盖骨打碎In movies the good guys don't kill, they just kneecap their enemies.电影里，好人不杀人，他们仅射击敌人的膝盖骨。knife [sb] vtr (stab) (用刀)刺，砍The attacker knifed his victim three times.袭击者砍了受害人三刀。knife [sb] in the back v expr informal, figurative (betray)在…背后捅刀子；阴险陷害She knifed him in the back by telling the boss his plans.knight [sb] vtr often passive (make a knight)封…为爵士The king knighted the soldier for his heroism.因为该名士兵的英勇行为，国王将其封为爵士。knob [sb] vtr UK, vulgar, slang (man: have sex with)与...性交；与...发生关系Ben knobbed that girl he brought home from the club.本把那个女孩从俱乐部带回了家，与其发生了关系。knock [sth/sb] vtr (criticize)批评；对…吹毛求疵Seth told Sean, "Don't knock quiz shows; you can learn a lot from them."赛斯对西恩说：“不要去批评问答节目，你能从中学到很多东西的。”knock into [sb/sth] vi + prep (hit)撞到；撞上Rachel tripped and knocked into a coworker.瑞秋绊了一下，撞到了一位同事。knock [sb/sth] off [sb/sth] vtr + adv (push [sb/sth] off [sb/sth] forcefully)把...从...上敲落, 把...从...上打落At the funfair, Jerry won a prize for knocking a coconut off its post.在游乐场，杰瑞将椰子从杆子上打落，因此获得了奖品。knock [sb] off their pedestal, knock [sb] off his pedestal, knock [sb] off her pedestal v expr figurative (humble [sb] who is self-important)使某人失去名气；让...掉下神坛Losing a game so early in the tournament knocked him off his pedestal.knock [sth/sb] out of the way v expr informal (shove aside)把…挤到一边He ran down the school hallway knocking people out of his way.knock the rough edges off [sth/sb] v expr informal, figurative (refine)改掉…的坏毛病The band have knocked the rough edges off their playing and now sound more professional.knock [sb]'s socks off, knock the socks off [sb] v expr figurative, informal (amaze, impress)使...震惊；惊叹不已know [sb] vtr ([sb]: be acquainted)熟悉；认识；相识Do you know Julie?你认识朱莉吗？know [sb] vtr (recognize)认出；意识到I knew my estranged father as soon as I set eyes on him.我一眼就认出了自己已疏远的父亲。know of [sb/sth] vi + prep (be aware [sb], [sth] exists)听说过；认识；知道一些I know of him, but he's not really a friend.我认识他，但不算是朋友。know [sb] as [sth/sb], know [sb] to be [sth/sb] vtr (perceive)知道某人是；确知某人是I know her as a woman of integrity.know where [sb] is coming from, understand where [sb] is coming from v expr figurative, informal (understand [sb]'s motives, feelings)明白...的初衷；明白...的用意；KO [sb], K.O. [sb], k.o. [sb] vtr initialism (boxing: knock out) (缩写，拳击)击倒，击昏kowtow to [sb] vi (be servile)叩头；卑躬屈膝The employees are always kowtowing to their superiors.员工总是对上级卑躬屈膝。label [sth/sb] [sth] vtr figurative (call)把…称为；给...打上...的标签The media labelled Chamberlain's policy "appeasement".label [sb/sth] as [sth] vtr + conj figurative (classify)把…归类为；将…分类为；把…列为The police have labelled him a radical.lace [sb] vtr (beat)打；抽打James laced Tim across the face.lag behind [sb/sth] vi + prep (not be as fast)落在…的后面Clarkson was lagging behind the leading group of cyclists.lag behind [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (not maintain: standards, pace)落后于；比…落后In the economic recovery, manufacturing is lagging behind other sectors.lam [sb] vtr informal (bash, thrash)鞭打；痛打The thugs cornered the victim and lammed him until he was unconscious.lambast [sb], lambaste [sb] vtr (attack verbally)严责，抨击My boss lambasted me today for a small error on my report.lament [sb] vtr usu passive (mourn for: [sb] dead)哀悼My father was lamented at his funeral.lampoon [sb/sth] vtr (mock, satirize) (以诗文等)对…进行讽刺The cartoonist often lampoons important leaders in the government.lance [sb] vtr (pierce with a lance) (用矛)刺，戳A passing horseman lanced him and he fell to the ground.land on [sb] vtr figurative, informal (strongly scold)责备，责骂My teacher landed on me for not doing my homework.lap [sb] vtr (race: be one lap ahead of) (在比赛中)领先…一圈David was so fast that he lapped some of the other competitors.大卫速度非常快，比其他对手领先一圈。lap [sb/sth] vtr (wrap)围住；裹住The mother lapped her child in blankets.母亲用毯子裹住自己的孩子。lash [sb/sth] vtr (strike with whip)鞭打The guard lashed the criminal in front of a crowd.警卫当着众人的面鞭打罪犯。lash [sth/sb] vtr (bind, fasten)捆住；捆紧备注: Followed by a preposition or an adverb.Odysseus asked his crew to lash him to the mast of his ship.奥德塞让船员把自己绑在船桅杆上。lather [sb/sth] vtr (cover with lather)用皂沫覆盖；在…上涂上肥皂泡沫Lather your face before shaving.剃须前在脸上涂上泡沫。laud [sb/sth] vtr (praise)赞美；称赞Teachers lauded the new contract.教师们纷纷称赞新的合同。laugh at [sb/sth] vi + prep (find amusing)因为…而大笑We all laughed at the film. My boyfriend laughs at my jokes, even when they're not funny.我们都因为那部电影而大笑。我讲的笑话男友都会笑，即使有些并不那么好笑。laugh at [sb/sth] vi + prep (mock)嘲笑；讥笑I wish you wouldn't laugh at me, it's not funny!我希望你不要嘲笑我，这不是什么好笑的事！laugh in [sb]'s face v expr informal (greet [sb] with derision)当面嘲笑When he suggested that I pay $10,000 for that piece of junk, I laughed in his face.launch an attack, launch an attack on [sth/sb] v expr (military: begin combat)对...发动攻击Prepare to launch an attack, men.launch an attack, launch an attack on [sth/sb] v expr (criticize harshly)对...发起抨击The newspaper article launched an attack on the president and his policies.lavish [sth] on [sb] vtr (give profusely)慷慨给予Karen's grandmother always lavished gifts on her whenever she visited.无论卡伦何时拜访，她的祖母都会慷慨给予各种礼物。lavish [sb] with vtr + prep (give [sb] a lot of [sth])慷慨把…给予某人Critics lavished the pianist with praise for his performance of the concerto.对该钢琴演奏者弹奏的协奏曲，批评家们不吝赞美之词。lay [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep (blame, stress: assign) (责难、错误等)归于；加诸于He would usually lay the blame on his sister.他经常把错怪在他妹妹身上。lay [sb] [sth] vtr (bet)打赌I'll lay you ten to one that he wasn't there at all.lay a hand on [sb] v expr informal (hit, harm)对某人动手备注: Commonly used in negative sentences.I would never lay a hand on my children; I don't believe in corporal punishment.lay a trap, lay a trap for [sb] v expr (trick [sb])给...设圈套lay down your life for [sb/sth] v expr (die for a cause)为...献出生命；为...拼上性命Some mothers would lay down their lives for their children.lay [sb] flat vtr + adj (place [sb] in lying position) (某人)把…放平The doctor told me to lay him flat on the ground so he could check his pulse.lay [sb] flat vtr + adj figurative, informal (knock [sb] over)把…击倒在地After the punch laid the boxer flat, the referee declared his opponent the winner.lay hands on [sb] v expr (person: heal by touch) (宗教)把手按在…的头上After the preacher laid hands on him he began to walk without his crutches.lay [sb] low v expr (overcome, incapacitate)压倒；压垮lay [sb] to rest v expr euphemism (person: bury) (人)安葬，埋葬She was laid to rest under the oak tree next to her husband.lead [sb] vtr (guide)引导；带；引领The tour guide leads the people through the city.导游带着人们在城里游玩。lead [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (head)给…带头；带领...做某事The priest leads the congregation in prayer.牧师带领教众祈祷。lead [sb/sth] vtr (command)领导；指挥；率领The general leads his troops well, so they do what he orders.这位将军把军队带得很好，手下人都愿意服从他的命令。lead [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (direct)引导某人达成某观点Lead them to agreement with logical arguments.用具有逻辑性的论点说服他们赞成。lead [sb] to do [sth] v expr (cause, prompt)引起某人做某事；促使某人做某事Jennifer's interest in animals led her to becoming a vet.詹妮弗对动物的兴趣促使自己成为一名兽医。lead [sb] vtr (throw ball ahead of [sb])扔到…前面；扔得比…远Don't throw the ball where he is, you need to lead him by throwing ahead of him.lead [sb] vtr (hold advantage over)领先；超过He led the other runner by 30 meters.lead [sb/sth] vtr (music: conduct a group) (乐队)指挥The conductor has led this orchestra for two years.lead [sb] vtr (dance partner: guide) (双人舞蹈)带领，领（舞）He gracefully lead his partner in the waltz.他优雅地领着舞伴跳华尔兹。lead [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (prompt to mention)使…提到…，使…说到，使…谈及All of which leads me to my next point, which is that the project cannot possibly be completed on time.lead [sb] astray vtr + adv figurative (tempt into bad behaviour)把…引向歧途；把…带坏了Young people can so easily be led astray by false values.lead [sb] astray vtr + adv figurative (mislead)把...引入歧途The conman led investors in the scheme astray with promises of easy profit.lead [sb] by the nose v expr figurative (control, steer to do [sth])牵着鼻子走；完全控制lead [sb] by the nose v expr figurative (deceive)欺骗；蒙骗lead [sb] down the garden path, lead [sb] up the garden path v expr informal, figurative (deceive)欺骗；某人；使某人上当I never suspected he was just leading me down the garden path.lead [sb] to believe v expr often passive (mislead into thinking) (有误导之意)使某人相信，让某人相信The financial advisor led me to believe that my investments were safe.leaflet [sb/sth] vtr (hand out fliers to)向…发传单The campaigners leafleted every house in the area.活动人士向这一片的每一家发传单。lean over backward for [sb/sth] (US), lean over backwards for [sb/sth] (UK) v expr figurative (make every effort)尽力；尽全力lean toward [sth/sb], lean towards [sth/sb] vi + prep (incline body in the direction of)附身向...；身体靠向...My grandmother often leans toward me in order to hear every word that I say.leapfrog [sth/sb] vtr (leap, jump over)跳过；跃过Running away from the police, the criminal leapfrogged the fence.罪犯跃过栅栏，想摆脱警察的追赶。learn from [sb/sth] vi + prep (gain lessons from [sb/sth])从...中学习；从...身上学习learn from [sb] vi + prep (get news, info, etc. from [sb])从...处了解；从...听闻lease [sth] to [sb], lease out [sth] to [sb], lease [sth] out to [sb] vtr + prep (property: rent to [sb]) (房产)将…租给，将…出租给Kyle leased his flat to his brother when he moved in with his girlfriend.凯尔和女友同居后，将自己的公寓出租给了他弟弟。lease [sth] to [sb], lease out [sth] to [sb], lease [sth] out to [sb] vtr + prep (hire [sth] out to [sb])将…租借给Ben leased some equipment to a customer.本将部分设施租借给了一位顾客。lease [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (property: rent from [sb])从...处租...Frank leased a property from his uncle.弗兰克从叔叔那里租了一套房。lease [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (car, etc.: hire [sth] from [sb])从…那里租（车）Ben leased a car from the dealership.本从经销商那里租了一辆车。leash [sth/sb] vtr figurative (restrain)约束；控制；束缚Karen managed to leash her anger when her coworker took credit for her work.leave [sb/sth] vtr (abandon)抛弃；扔掉；抛开不顾He left his wife at home, and went out with his friends on Friday night.礼拜五晚上，他把妻子扔在家里，自己和朋友出去了。leave [sth] for [sb] vtr + prep (let remain: for [sb] else)为…剩下；为…留He left only one piece of pizza for the others.他只为其他人留了一块披萨。leave [sb] [sth] vtr (let [sb] keep, take)把…留给Leave me your number in case I need to get in touch.把你的电话号码留给我吧，以防我要联系你。leave [sth] with [sb] vtr + prep (entrust)将..交托给；将...委托；将...托付给Can I leave my keys with you in case something happens?我能把钥匙交给你吗？以防万一。leave [sb] [sth] vtr (have remaining)给...剩下；把...留给The coat cost thirty-five dollars and the shoes cost twenty, so that leaves us only five dollars.leave [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (bequeath)将...遗赠给；将…作为遗物留给In his will, her father left her the antique clock.leave [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (have remaining)给…剩下If you take that twenty-pound note, you'll leave me with less than five pounds.如果你拿走了那张20镑的钞票，我就只剩下不到五磅了。leave [sb/sth] alone, leave [sb/sth] well enough alone vtr + adj (not disturb)让…独自呆着；别去打扰I just want to be left alone to get on with my novel.leave [sb/sth] alone, leave [sb/sth] well enough alone vtr + adj (stop harassing)停止骚扰She wished that the man beside her at the bar would leave her alone.leave [sb] be v expr informal (not disturb)别干涉；别理Leave him be.；leave [sb] hanging v expr (leave in suspense)给...悬念The ending of that show was so exciting; I can't believe the writers left us hanging like that!leave [sb] hanging v expr (not respond)没有理会；对...没有反应I tried to make up with Paul, but when I stuck out my hand to shake his, he just left me hanging.leave [sb] high and dry v expr often passive (person: abandon)抛弃...leave [sb] in the lurch v expr informal (abandon)放弃；抛弃leave [sb] out in the cold v expr figurative, often passive (neglect, ignore)忽视；无视leave the door open for [sb/sth], leave the door open to [sth/sb] v expr figurative (allow possibility, access)为…保留可能性When the reigning gold medalist fell, she left the door open for her competitors.By not completely cutting ties with the country's former allies, the prime minister is leaving the door open for negotiations to be resumed in the future.leave [sb] to his/her/their own devices v expr (not supervise [sb])放任；听任leave your mark on [sth/sb] v expr figurative (make an impact)打下烙印；留下影响Parents leave their mark on their children.lecture [sb] vtr (give educational speech to)为...上课；教导Peter lectured students at Harvard.彼得在哈佛大学为学生上课。lecture [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep figurative (give educational speech to)教育；给…上课Fred lectured his son in the art of fishing.弗雷德给儿子上了一堂垂钓艺术的课。lecture [sb] vtr figurative (reprimand)批评；斥责Laura's mom lectured her for twenty minutes nonstop.劳拉的妈妈不间断地批评了她20分钟之久。lecture [sb] about doing [sth] v expr figurative (reprimand, moralize)因为…批评；因为…斥责Deanna lectured her son about staying out late.狄安娜因为儿子晚归而批评他。leech [sb] vtr (draw blood from [sb] with leeches)用水蛭给…吸血The doctor leeched the patient to help thin his blood.leer at [sb] vi + prep (look lustfully)挑逗性地看；色迷迷地看The teenage boys leered at the girls' volleyball team.那帮十几岁的男孩色迷迷地看着排球队里的女孩们。leer at [sb] vi + prep (look maliciously)不怀好意地看某人The bully leered at him across the classroom.学校小霸王在教室的那一端恶狠狠地看着他。be leery of [sth/sb] v expr (wary, not trusting)对…猜疑；对…警惕I'm leery of my father's financial advice; he lost all his money in the stock market.lend [sb] [sth] vtr (loan money) (指金钱)给某人借某物Dan's parents lent him some money to pay his hospital bills.为了偿还医疗费用，丹的父母给他借了些钱。lend [sth] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (provide)把某物提供给某人或某事Natalie lent her skills to her company in expectation of a return.娜塔莉为公司提供自己的技能，以期得到回报。lend [sb/sth] [sth] vtr (give characteristic)给…添加（特色）；给…增添（特点）The glasses lent Brian an air of sophistication.这幅眼镜为布莱恩添加了一丝老练的感觉。lend [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (give characteristic)给…增加（特色）The vocalist's British accent lends a certain charm to her singing.这位歌唱家的英式口音给自己的演唱增加了不少魅力。lend an ear to [sb], lend [sb] an ear v expr figurative, dated (listen)听某人说；倾听"Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears." - William Shakespearelet [sb], let [sb] do [sth] vtr (allow)允许某人做某事；让某人做某事My wife let me go out with the guys last night.昨晚我妻子允许我与哥们出去玩。let [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep UK (lease, rent out to [sb])把某物租赁给某人；将某物租给某人I'm letting the house to a family who have just moved to the area.let [sb] alone vtr + adj (not bother [sb])不打扰，不干扰Let your sister alone; can't you see she's trying to do her homework!不要去打扰你妹妹，没看到她在做作业吗！let [sb] be v expr (not bother, leave alone) (某人)不打扰…，随…去let [sb/sth] by, let by [sb/sth] vtr + adv (allow [sb/sth] to pass)让…过去，让…通过let down by [sb/sth] expr (disappointed, failed)因...而失望Alicia feels let down by her best friend, who always says she's too busy to spend time with her.艾丽西亚觉得让她最好的朋友失望了，因为她总是说她太忙了，没时间跟她一起。let go of [sth/sb] v expr (release hold on)松开；放开Let go of me, you bully!放开我，你这个混蛋！let [sb] go v expr (free)放走They agreed to let all the hostages go.他们同意释放所有人质。let [sb] go v expr informal (dismiss from job)解雇；开除The boss had no choice but to let ten of his employees go.老板别无选择，只好解雇了十名员工。let [sb] have it v expr (scold or punish [sb])斥责；惩罚；给...点厉害let [sb] in vtr + adv (allow to enter)放…进来；请...进来There's someone at the door asking for you - should I let him in?有人在门口找你，我应该放他进来吗？let [sb] in on [sth], let [sb] into [sth] v expr (share secret)告诉某人某事，向某人透露某事let [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (allow [sb] to enter)让...进入let [sb] know [sth] v expr (inform)告诉；告知We'll let you know our decision after the meeting.let [sb] know v expr (notify, warn)告知，通告；警告，告诫Please let me know when you are going to the market, so I can send my brother along to help you.let [sb/sth] loose vtr + adj (set free, release)放开；放了He let his dogs loose on my lawn and they made such a mess!let [sb] loose on [sth] v expr informal (allow to use freely)让某人随便用某物We should never have let the kids loose on the computer!let [sb] off with [sth] v expr informal (not punish severely)轻易放过；从轻发落The police caught Alfie tagging a wall, but let him off with a stern warning.警察逮到阿尔菲在墙上涂鸦，但在警告他之后就放他走了。let [sb] off the hook v expr figurative, informal (free from punishment)放过某人I'm surprised he let you off the hook that easily, given the trouble you've caused.let off the leash, let [sb] off the leash, let [sb] off his/her leash v expr figurative (release [sb] from restraint, control) (比喻)解开...的枷锁，解开...的束缚；解放When they saw that he could handle the job, they let him off his leash and he quickly moved up to a higher position.let [sb/sth] through vtr + adv (allow to pass)允许通行；准予通过The police asked the crowd to let the ambulance through.let up on [sb] v expr (stop making difficulties for [sb])对…宽松The boss has just given Charlie another pile of work; she never lets up on him.老板又给了查理一大堆工作，她从未让他空下来过。level [sth] at [sb] vtr + prep (aim: a gun, etc.)用…瞄准；用...对准The man levelled the gun at his hostage, then fired.level [sth] at [sb] vtr + prep figurative (direct: a criticism, an accusation) (指批评)使针对；对...提出Ray's ex-colleagues levelled some terrible accusations at him.level [sb] vtr often passive (person: knock down)击倒；打倒；撞倒As I was descending the slope, another skier hit me from behind and levelled me.levitate [sth/sb] vtr (make rise into the air)使漂浮在空中；使升空I saw a horror movie in which the witch levitated her victims before killing them.levy [sb] vtr (tax)向…征税In feudal times, lords levied their serfs.be liable to [sb] v expr (be legally held to have injured [sb])对…的受伤负法律责任The careless driver was liable to the woman he knocked over.那位粗心大意的司机要为他撞伤的女士负责任。liaise with [sb] vi + prep (work in cooperation)与...合作，与…展开合作；与...联手British police are liaising with their counterparts in France to try to solve the crime.为了破案，英国警察与法国警察展开了合作。libel [sb] vtr (law: publish false claim about)对…进行诽谤After being fired from her job, Mary libeled her former employer on the internet.liberate [sb/sth] vtr (set free)释放；放出Animal activists liberated the farm animals.liberate [sb/sth] from [sth] vtr + prep (set free from confinement)释放；使自由The government finally liberated the political prisoner from incarceration.liberate [sb] vtr (free: from control)解放The sexual revolution liberated the women of the 1960s.liberate [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (free from control)使摆脱控制The American Revolution liberated the people from tyranny.license [sb] vtr (grant permission)许可，给…发放许可证；特许；批准The city licensed the street vendor.市政府给那名街头小贩发放了许可证。license [sb] to do [sth] v expr (grant permission)批准某人做某事；允许某人做某事The federal government licensed the oil company to dump toxic waste into the water supply.联邦政府批准了石油公司向水供给中倾倒有毒废料。lick [sth/sb] vtr (lap with tongue)舔The dog licked his owner's hand.那只狗舔了舔主人的手。lick [sb/sth] vtr slang, figurative (defeat) (口语)打败Kate's soccer team licked the other team easily.lick [sb/sth] vtr (beat, thrash)打；揍The school bully licked Greg during recess.lie with [sb/sth] vi + prep (be attributable to)在于，归于The responsibility for the decision lies with the manager.那个决策的责任归于经理一人。lie in wait for [sb] v expr (hide, await [sb])埋伏以待, 伏击The man was convicted of first degree murder because he had been lying in wait for the victim.lift [sth/sb] vtr (raise upward)抬起；举起He lifted the tray above the kids.他把盘子举过孩子们的头顶。lift [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep figurative (elevate in circumstances)结束了某人的某种处境The success of his art lifted him from poverty.lift [sb]'s spirits, raise [sb]'s spirits, lift [sb]'s mood v expr (improve [sb]'s mood)振奋...的精神；让...精神好起来These party songs are guaranteed to lift your spirits.like [sb] vtr (find personable) (友谊)喜欢I like him. He seems like a good guy.我喜欢他。他似乎人不错。like [sb] vtr (be romantically attracted to) (爱情)喜欢, 喜爱, 倾心于He really likes her a lot.他真是很喜欢她。like [sth], like [sb] vtr (desire, prefer)愿意；想要You can do what you like till I get home, then we are cleaning the house.在我回来之前你干什么都可以，但我回来后咱们就得打扫房子了。the likes of [sb] npl informal (people similar to [sb])与…同一类的人，与…相似的人； (贬义)…之流My mother wouldn't let me go round with the likes of him. You'll end up in trouble if you go out with the likes of her.我妈是不会让我跟他那种人混在一起的。你要是跟她那类人混在一起，迟早会惹麻烦。liken [sth/sb] to [sth/sb] vtr (compare)将...比拟；将...比作In one of his parables Jesus likened the kingdom of heaven to a pearl of great price.lined with [sth/sb] adj + prep (having a line of)满是；挤满The marathon route was lined with well-wishers.马拉松赛道两旁挤满了祝福喝彩的人。link [sb/sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep figurative (connect mentally) (比喻)认为…之间有联系，将…与…联系起来The detective linked the suspect to the crime scene.侦探认为这位嫌犯与那个犯罪现场之间有联系。link [sth/sb] with [sth/sb] vtr + prep figurative (associate)将…与…联系在一起The rock star has often been linked with bad behaviour such as taking drugs.人们经常把那位摇滚明星与不良行为联系起来，如吸毒等。link [sth/sb] with [sth/sb] vtr + prep (correlate, associate)涉及；关系到Several studies have linked smoking with birth defects.几项研究都表明，吸烟与婴儿先天缺陷有关。linked to [sth/sb] adj + prep figurative (caused by, due to)与…有关Heart disease is linked to lifestyle choices.linked with [sth/sb] adj + prep figurative (associated)与…相关lionize [sb], also UK: lionise [sb] vtr (idolize [sb])把…视为名人；把…捧为要人listen to [sth/sb] vi + prep (actively hear)用心听，认真听；留神听Please be quiet; I am listening to the radio.请安静，我正在认真听收音机。listen for [sth/sb] vi + prep (try to hear)留心听着They listened for any sounds coming from the mine.他们留心听着任何从矿里传来的声音。listen to [sth/sb] vi + prep (pay attention)注意听；好好听Please listen to me carefully.请注意听我要说的话。listen closely to [sth/sb], listen to [sth/sb] closely v expr (be attentive)用心听；聚精会神地听The children listened closely to their grandfather's story.listen in on [sth/sb] v expr (listen without talking)倾听live up to [sb]'s expectations, live up to expectations v expr (be as good as anticipated)不负所望；满足期望I fear I will never live up to my parents' expectations.live with [sb] vi + prep (share a home)与…同住I once lived with someone who would never wash the dishes.live without [sth/sb] vi + prep (be deprived of: [sth] or [sb])没有…，离开…；load [sb] with [sth] vtr figurative (burden)使负担；使承担The managers loaded his employees with projects.load [sb/sth] down with [sth], load down [sb/sth] with [sth] v expr often passive (make carry [sth] heavy) (通常指重物)使承担；使负担Lucy loaded her husband down with suitcases.load [sb] down with [sth] v expr figurative, often passive (burden with problems, work, etc.)加以...的重负，加以...的重压；使...的负担过重The manager loaded the staff down with work.loan [sb] [sth], loan [sth] to [sb] v expr (lend money) (金钱)借钱给，借款给，贷款给I hope that the bank will loan me the money.我希望银行贷款给我。loan [sb] [sth], loan [sth] to [sb] v expr (lend [sth])把…借给She loaned me her car for the day.她把她的汽车借给我用一天。loathe [sth/sb] vtr (hate)厌恶；憎恶；极不喜欢Ben loathed his job, so he quit.本厌恶自己的工作，所以辞职了。lobby [sb] vtr US (press [sb] for)游说；说服Ben lobbied his parents for some money to go to the movies.lobotomize [sb], also UK: lobotomise [sb] vtr (perform a lobotomy)对…施行前脑叶白质切除术lobotomize [sb], also UK: lobotomise [sb] vtr figurative (stupefy [sb])使…迟钝；使…麻木locate [sth/sb] vtr (find)找到；找出…的准确位置Paul couldn't locate the city on the map.保罗不能在地图上找到这座城市。locate [sth/sb] vtr often passive (put, place)把…安置在；使…坐落于The factory was located outside the city.工厂位于城外。lock horns, lock horns with [sb] expr (fight with [sb])与…争斗lock [sb/sth] in vtr + adv (prevent from leaving)将…锁起来The police officer threw the two men in a cell and locked them in.lock [sb] out vtr + adv (prevent from entering a place)把…锁在门外备注: The single-word form is used when the term is a nounI started banging on the door when I realised he had locked me out.我意识到他把我锁在门外，我开始重重地锤门。lock [sb] out of [sth] v expr (out of a room, building)把…锁在…外面；把…关在…外面Dennis kept coming home late, so Sheila locked him out of the house to teach him a lesson.丹尼斯总是很晚才回家，所以希拉把他锁在门外，给他一个教训。lock [sb] out vtr + adv (computing: prevent access)把…锁定If you type in the wrong password three times, the website will lock you out.如果你输错密码三次，网站会拒绝你再次访问。lock [sb] out of [sth] v expr (computing: prevent access)把…锁定在…之外The system will lock you out of the site if you answer the security questions incorrectly.如你无法正确回答安全问题，系统将拒绝你再次访问网站。lock [sb] out vtr + adv often passive (close workplace)禁止…进厂；不准…进入工作场所The factory owner locked out his employees.工厂老板禁止员工进厂。in lockstep with [sb/sth] expr (at the same rate as)与...一致, 与...同步lodge with [sb] vi + prep (live with temporarily)与...暂住My brother is lodging with me until his home renovations are finished.装修期间，我哥哥暂时住在我家。lodge [sb] vtr (accommodate)安排…住宿；向…提供住宿Ben lodged his brother while he was in town.本为他来城里拜访的弟弟安排住宿。long for [sb] to do [sth] v expr (wish [sb] would do [sth])希望某人做某事Miriam longed for Jake to take her in his arms and tell her he loved her.马丽娅姆希望杰克将她揽入怀中，然后告诉自己他爱着自己。loo [sb] vtr (subject to forfeit in loo)使某人付赌局罚金Michael looed Jenny and she had to contribute to the pool.look at [sb/sth] vi + prep (watch, direct attention to)看着；看向Look at me when I'm talking to you!The young woman was looking at a painting in the art gallery.我在跟你说的话的时候，请看着我！// 那位年轻女士正在画廊中欣赏绘画作品。look askance at [sb/sth], look at [sb/sth] askance v expr (glance sidelong)斜眼看；怀疑地看look askance at [sb/sth], look at [sb/sth] askance v expr figurative (regard with disapproval, suspicion)蔑视；看不惯Fancy restaurants look askance at shorts and sneakers.look daggers at [sb] v expr informal (glare angrily at [sb])对…怒目而视look down on [sb/sth], look down upon [sb/sth] v expr (observe from high up)俯视；俯瞰From the top of the tower you can look down upon the whole city.从山顶上看，你可以俯瞰整个城市。look down your nose at [sb/sth] expr figurative (think yourself superior)看不起；轻视look [sb] in the eye v expr (look directly at)直视；正视；看着…的眼睛look [sb] in the eye v expr (not feel ashamed) (坦然地)直视，正视，看着…的眼睛Can you look me in the eye and tell me you didn't cheat on the test?look like [sb/sth] vi + prep (resemble)看起来像；长得像This table looks like the one we have at home.Lucy looks like her aunt.这张桌子看起来像我们家的那张。 // 露西长得像她的姑姑。look [sb] over vtr + adv (examine quickly)快速查看；快速检查The doctor looked Fred over and could find no evidence of broken bones.医生快速检查了一下弗雷德，没有发现任何骨折。look to [sb] vi + prep (turn to [sb])看向；朝…看去Unsure what to do, Sue looked to Mark, who was seated to her left.不知所措的苏看向坐在自己左边的马克。look to [sb] for [sth] v expr (turn for guidance)指望；依靠Children look to their parents for guidance.孩子们指望父母的指导。look toward [sb/sth], look towards [sb/sth] vi + prep (look in direction of [sb/sth])看向；向...看去look [sb] up and down v expr (examine, scrutinize [sb])打量；上下打量loom over [sb/sth] vi (look big, intimidating) (令人恐怖的事物)赫然出现，隐约显现The bully loomed over his victim and demanded his lunch money.小恶霸赫然出现在受害者面前，要后者交出午餐钱。loom over [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (appear imminent) (危险、灾祸)可能发生，逼近，笼罩With the possibility of losing his job looming over him, Ken started working on his CV.失业的危险笼罩着肯，让他开始改善自己的简历。lord it over [sb] v expr informal (treat as though you have authority)对…颐指气使，对…发号施令Since she got that promotion, she's been lording it over the rest of us.lose [sb] [sth] vtr (cause the loss of)使某人损失某物；使某人失去某物His lack of punctuality lost him his job.他的不守时使他失去了工作。lose [sb] vtr figurative, informal (not make understand)使不理解；使不明白You are losing me. Can you say it again more slowly?lose [sb] vtr figurative, euphemism (be bereaved of: [sb]) (比喻死亡)失去She lost her husband to cancer two years ago.lose [sb] vtr figurative, informal (evade) (非正式用语)从…手中逃脱；摆脱The bandit lost the police when he entered the forest.lose control of [sth/sb] v expr (no longer have authority)失去对…的控制，失去对…的掌控The Republicans lost control of the U.S. Senate.lose control of [sth/sb] v expr (no longer be in command)对..失去控制；失控He was so frightened, he lost control of his bladder.lose interest in [sth/sb] v expr (become apathetic about)对…丧失兴趣；对…不再关注I've lost interest in politics; I really don't care who wins or loses.lose sight of [sth/sb] v expr (no longer see)看不见；不再看见We lost sight of that boat when it went around the bend in the river.lose touch with [sb] v expr informal (not keep in contact with [sb]) (非正式用语)与...失去联系I lost touch with so many of my classmates, there was no point in going to the class reunion.lose your heart to [sb] v expr figurative (fall in love with)爱上；恋上[sb]'s loss expr ([sb] is the person losing out)…的损失Your boyfriend dumped you? Well, that's his loss; you're too good for him anyway.You don't want to come out with us tonight? Oh well, your loss!be lost on [sb/sth] v expr (not be understandable by [sb/sth])使...无法理解；让...不明白The teacher did his best, but it was clear that his explanations were lost on the class.be lost to [sb/sth] v expr (not be available to [sb/sth])让...失去；导致...失去Alas, the opportunity of seeing that beautiful building was lost to us when it burned down.be lost to [sb/sth] v expr figurative (beyond reach)不再属于…的She used to be a committed Christian, but now she is lost to the Church.她曾经是一位虔心的基督徒，但现在她已不再属于教会。be lost to [sb/sth] v expr (be insensible to)失去；丧失；不顾忌His grief for his fallen comrades was so strong that the soldier was lost to all sense of duty.louse [sth/sb] vtr archaic (pick out lice from)为…捉虱子；给…除虱子The chimpanzee loused its companion.love [sb] vtr (feel affection for)爱，热爱Of course I love my mother.我当然爱我妈妈。love [sb] vtr (be fond of)喜爱；喜欢I love Jane. She's always such fun to be with!我喜欢简，和她相处总是非常愉快！love [sb] vtr (have romantic feelings for)爱；爱恋；钟情于You can tell that she loves her boyfriend by the look on her face.你从她的表情就能看得出来，她很爱她男朋友。love [sb] vtr slang (have sex) (俚语)和…性交；和…做爱I want you to love me passionately tonight, baby.low-rate [sb/sth] vtr (not value highly)对…评价不高，贬低lowball [sb] vtr US, informal (make very low offer to)报低价lube [sb] vtr informal (apply sexual lubricant to) (指性方面)给某人润滑If you lube your partner before sex, it will be more enjoyable for both people.lube [sb] up vtr + adv informal (apply sexual lubricant to)给…涂抹性爱润滑剂lull [sb] vtr (make calm, sleepy)使…安静；使…平静入睡，将…送入梦乡Tammy closed her eyes as the sound of the waves lulled her.波涛声将塔米送入梦乡，她合上了双眼。lull [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (mislead into feeling safe)使某人放松警惕进入某种状态Three days of blue sky had lulled us into a false sense of security; we weren't prepared for yesterday's heavy rain.三天蔚蓝的晴空让我们放松警惕，陷入一种虚假的安全感中，对昨天的暴雨毫无防备。lull [sb] to sleep v expr (baby, etc. send to sleep)哄...入睡The mother's song lulled the baby to sleep.lullaby [sb/sth] vtr (soothe with song)给…哼摇篮曲David put the baby in his crib and lullabied him to sleep.lumber [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep UK (burden with something unpleasant)使陷入；使困扰As usual, they lumbered me with the task of organizing everything.lump [sth/sb] with [sth/sb], lump [sth/sb] in with [sth/sb] v expr (group together)将…与…归并到一起Don't lump all young people in with the ones who cause trouble.别将所有年轻人与那些惹麻烦的家伙归并到一起。lump together [sth/sb] and [sth/sb], lump [sth/sb] and [sth/sb] together vtr + adv (group together)把…与…归并在一起；把…与…混为一谈The politician's remarks lumped his rival and various criminal enterprises together unrealistically.lump [sth/sb] together with [sth/sb] v expr (group together with)把...和...归并在一起lunch [sb] vtr (provide lunch)给…提供午餐They lunched us as if we were royalty.他们给我们提供的午餐如同皇膳。lunge at [sb/sth] vi + prep (jump toward)向…冲；向…扑过去The mugger lunged at Heather and stole her purse.lure [sb/sth] vtr (entice, tempt)引诱, 勾引, 诱惑The smell of cooking meat lured the wild animals.烤肉的香气引来了野生动物。；lure [sb/sth] into [sth] vtr + prep (entice into)引诱...进入；诱导...步入The police lured the criminal into a trap.警方将罪犯引入了陷阱。lure [sb/sth] into doing [sth] v expr (entice into doing)引诱某人做某事；诱惑某人做某事The interviewer tried to lure the politician into admitting that he had made a mistake.采访者想套那位政客的话，让他承认自己犯了错。lust after [sb] vi + prep (desire sexually)对…有极强的性欲Don Juan lusted after every woman he saw.luv [sb/sth] vtr written, slang (love) (俚语)宝贝；亲爱的Maja texted her boyfriend: "luv u".lynch [sb] vtr (vigilante mob: kill without trial) (暴民)用私刑处死Jackson was lynched on his way home from a rally.Mace [sb], mace [sb] vtr ® (attack with Mace)以梅斯催泪毒气攻击She maced her assailant with a can she carried in her purse.mad at [sb], mad with [sb] adj + prep mainly US, informal (angry with)生…的气； (口语)和…怄气My dad's going to be mad at me when he finds out I dinged his car.我爸要是知道我把他的车撞了，一定会生气的。madden [sb] vtr (enrage)惹怒；使发狂have [sth] made for [sb/sth] v expr (request special creation)为…特别制作的She had a gown made for the gala.be made for [sth/sb] v expr informal, figurative (be ideally suited to)非常适合；为...准备的This job matches your qualifications and experience perfectly; it's made for you!madly in love, madly in love with [sb] expr (infatuated)对…痴迷，迷恋；热恋I am madly in love with you.magnetize [sb], also UK: magnetise [sb] vtr figurative (attract, fascinate [sb]) (比喻)吸引，使着迷mail [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep informal (send by e-mail)把…用电子邮件发送给Please mail the file to me.请把文件用电子邮件发给我。mail [sb] [sth] vtr informal (send an e-mail to)把…通过电子邮件发送给Can you mail me the details?你能把详情通过电子邮件发送给我吗？maim [sb] vtr (disfigure, mutilate)使…残疾；使…伤残The explosion maimed him for life.那次爆炸导致他终生残疾。mainstream [sb] vtr US (enroll in ordinary school)使…接受主流教育，使…就读普通学校The current policy is to mainstream students with special needs.按照当前政策，有特殊需要的学生也可以在普通学校就读。maintain [sb/sth] vtr (support)供养He maintained a large family on his salary.他靠着自己的薪水供养着一大家子人。make [sb] do [sth] v expr (compel)迫使；强迫My parents make me eat vegetables.我父母强迫我吃蔬菜。make [sb] vtr informal (force)强迫；迫使I won't go! You can't make me!我不会去的！你别想强迫我！make [sb] do [sth], make [sth] do [sth] vtr (cause to)导致某人做某事；使某人做某事He never fails to make me laugh.他总是让我开怀大笑。make [sb] [sth] vtr (+ adj: cause to be)使某人怎么样You make me happy.你使我快乐。make [sb] vtr US, slang (seduce) (俚语)引诱，勾引He may try to make her, but he won't succeed.make a call to [sb] v expr informal (phone [sb])致电；给...打电话Hold on a second, I just have to make a call to my supervisor.make a fuss over [sb/sth] (US), make a fuss of [sb/sth] (UK) v expr informal (pay a lot of attention to)注意；关注The boss brought his dog to work yesterday and everyone made a fuss of it.昨天老板带着他的狗来上班，引起了所有人的注意。make a fuss over [sth/sb] v expr informal (show great admiration for)对…赞不绝口Nina got engaged yesterday! All the women in the office were making a fuss over her ring.妮娜昨天订婚了！办公室里所有的女人都对她的戒指羡慕不已。make a good impression on [sb] v expr (impress [sb])给...留下好印象make a lasting impression on [sb], leave a lasting impression v expr (have enduring impact)给...留下深刻印象make a mark on [sth/sb] v expr figurative (have an impact)给…留下深远影响Dick Button made his mark on figure skating when he performed the first double axel jump.make a monkey of [sb], make a monkey out of [sb] v expr figurative (cause to appear ridiculous)嘲笑；愚弄make a move on [sb], make your move on [sb] v expr informal (try to seduce)勾引；引诱make a pass at [sb] v expr slang (make a sexual advance)骚扰；对…动手动脚He was disciplined for sexual harassment after he made a pass at one of the secretaries.make a visit to [sb/sth] v expr informal (go to)访问My tooth hurts; I need to make a visit to the dentist.make advances to [sb], make advances on [sb] (US) v expr (try to kiss, etc.)对...示好；骚扰make allowances for [sb], make allowance for [sb] v expr (be lenient)体谅..., 谅解...The teachers made allowances for him and gave him a certificate.make amends to [sb] v expr (compensate [sb] for a wrong) (指人)对...做出补偿，向...弥补When he became sober, he decided to make amends to those he had hurt by his drinking.make an appointment with [sb] v expr (patient, client) (客户、病人)与某人预约；挂某人的号Jane had toothache, so she made an appointment with the dentist.make an appointment for [sb], make [sb] an appointment v expr (secretary, etc.: for [sb] else) (秘书)为...预约'I've made you an appointment to see Dr Smith at 4pm on Monday,' the receptionist said.接待员说："我给您定好了预约，周一下午4点与史密斯医生见面。"make an exception for [sb/sth] v expr (exempt [sb] from [sth])为…破例We don't usually allow students to take holidays during term, but we'll make an exception for your daughter, as she's such a good student.make an honest woman of [sb] v expr dated, humorous (marry)娶...为妻Sara's father was happy because Tom had made an honest woman of her.make an impression on [sb] v expr (have impact on [sb])给...留下印象备注: 特别是良好的印象Lily has certainly made an impression on Alan.make an offer, make [sb] an offer v expr (bid)给...出价；竞标I'm going to the agent to make an offer for that house.Let me make you an offer on that car.make [sb] angry v expr (cause to become angry)使...生气；让...发火make arrangements for [sb/sth] to do [sth] v expr (organize for [sth] to happen)安排…做I have made arrangements for a taxi to pick you up from the airport.make [sb] aware of [sth] vtr + adj (bring [sth] to [sb]'s attention)让...注意到；让某人认识到某事I don't know how to make him aware of how much he is hurting her feelings.make [sb] aware vtr + adj (notify, tell)告诉，告知；通知，通告The office isn't open today. Someone should make him aware.make [sb] aware that v expr (notify, tell)使发现；使意识到make [sth/sb] better vtr + adj (heal)治愈；治好Let me rub your aching back and make it better.make [sth/sb] better vtr + adj (improve)改善；改进；改良make [sb]'s blood run cold, make your blood run cold v expr (cause intense fear)让人惊恐万分；使人毛骨悚然make [sth] clear to [sb] v expr (explain or clarify [sth] to [sb])向某人解释某事；向某人澄清某事The doctor made the seriousness of the condition clear to her patient.医生向病人讲明了病情的严重性。make clear to [sb] that, make it clear to [sb] that v expr (with clause: state [sth] clearly to [sb])向...澄清；向...解释清楚The headteacher made it clear to the student that she would be excluded if her behaviour did not improve.make common cause with [sb] v expr (join forces)与…合作The union made common cause with the government in an effort to keep the factory from leaving town.make contact with [sb] v expr (contact, communicate with)联系；联络Perhaps one day aliens will make contact with the Earth.make do with [sth/sb] v expr informal (content oneself with)用…凑合The shop had sold out of chocolate ice-cream, so Sally had to make do with vanilla instead.make [sb] feel at home v expr (be welcoming)让…感觉像在自己家一样舒服自在；让…宾至如归make [sb] feel guilty v expr (cause [sb] to feel blame)使…有负罪感My friend made me feel guilty because I took so long to get ready that we missed the bus.make [sb] feel sick v expr (nauseate [sb])让某人觉得想吐；让某人反胃I couldn't stay with him at the hospital because the sight of blood makes me feel sick.make [sb] feel sick v expr (disgust or offend [sb])让某人觉得恶心；让某人反感Hearing about the mass murder made me feel sick.make friends with [sb] v expr (befriend [sb])和…交朋友I find it easy to make friends with new people.我发现和新人交朋友很容易。make fun of [sb/sth] v expr informal (mock, ridicule)取笑；开…的玩笑The comedian tried to make fun of the man wearing glasses.make [sb] giddy vtr + adj (cause [sb] to feel dizzy)使…发晕；使…头昏；让…觉得晕乎乎Kisses from her boyfriend always made Emily giddy.make [sb] green with envy v expr (cause to feel envious)使…眼红；使…嫉妒When I wore my new Prada shoes, I knew I could make Sally green with envy.make [sb] happy vtr + adj (please, satisfy)使幸福；使快乐；使高兴I agreed to attend the wedding to make my mother happy, although I utterly detest her new husband.make [sb] happy vtr + adj (bring joy, fulfillment to [sb])让...开心；让...高兴It's important to find work that makes you happy.make it up to [sb] v expr informal (make amends)弥补所受的伤害等George wanted to make it up to Andrea for being so bad-tempered towards her earlier.make [sb] jointly liable v expr (law: impose shared responsibility)使…共同承担责任Only one of them had signed, but the partnership agreement made them all jointly liable under the contract.make [sth/sb] less alarming vtr (lessen the shock of [sth])使…变得不太惊人The prime minister was accused of 'doctoring' crime figures to make them less alarming.make [sb] look skinny vtr (appear thin)使…看起来很瘦She wears tight black dresses to make herself look skinny.make [sb] lose his concentration, make [sb] lose her concentration v expr (distract [sb])使…分心；转移…注意力The loud music made me lose my concentration.make much of [sth/sb] v expr (place great importance on [sth/sb])重视Scientists are making much of this latest development.make much of [sb/sth] v expr (give a lot of attention)关注；注意The dog was thoroughly enjoying being made much of.make nice with [sb] v expr US, informal (be friendly to)对...友好；对...表达善意make [sb/sth] out to be [sth] v expr (represent as)把…描绘成备注: Often refers to a false claim.The press are making him out to be the greatest singer since Elvis, but he's not that good.媒体将他描绘成自猫王以来最伟大的歌手，但他并没有那么好。make points with [sb] v expr informal (curry favor with)讨好；逢迎make [sb] proud v expr (cause [sb] to feel pride)让…骄傲Your performance at the concert made me proud.make [sth/sb] ready vtr + adj (prepare)为...做好准备George made himself ready for the interview.make [sb] redundant vtr + adj UK, often passive (worker: lay off)被开除；被辞退The failing airline has been forced to make half of its employees redundant.这家不断亏本的航空公司不得不裁掉一半的员工。make reference to [sth/sb] v expr (mention, allude to)提到；提及During his speech he made reference to his family.make [sb] responsible for [sth] v expr (put [sb] in charge of [sth])使某人对某事负责He was promoted at work and made responsible for the new export business.make [sb]'s day v expr (make [sb] happy)让...开心；使...高兴make [sb]'s hair stand on end v expr (frighten [sb])让…毛骨悚然；把…吓得汗毛倒立That guy was so creepy, he made my hair stand on end.make [sb] see [sth] v expr (help [sb] understand)让某人明白某事I wish I could make him see how much I love him.make short work of [sth/sb] expr (deal with summarily)立即处理，立刻处理The professor made short work of her student's rather poor arguments.make [sb] sick vtr + adj (cause to vomit or feel nauseous) (本义)使,,,恶心，使…想吐The sight of blood makes him sick.make [sb] sick vtr + adj figurative (disgust)令某人恶心的；令某人厌恶的That man makes me sick! He is so rude!make [sb] sick vtr + adj figurative (disgust morally) (比喻)使…感到厌恶，让…觉得恶心It makes me sick to hear such racist views.make the acquaintance of [sb], make [sb]'s acquaintance v expr (meet [sb] for the first time)初次认识；与...初次见面make [sb] tick v expr figurative, informal (motivate, inspire [sb])激励；鼓励I want to know what inspires you; what makes you tick.make time for [sb/sth] v expr (reserve time)腾出时间；弥补失去的时间My calendar is full, but I can make time for you.make trouble for [sb] v expr (cause problems)给…带来麻烦The icy roads are making trouble for motorists.would make [sb] turn over in his/her/their grave, would make [sb] turn in his/her/their grave v expr figurative (would offend: dead person) (比喻)让...的棺材板快压不住了make way for [sth/sb] v expr (clear a path for)为…让路The guards asked the crowd to back up to make way for the king.守卫向后驱赶人群，为国王让路。make [sb] feel welcome v expr (greet or receive warmly)让...感到宾至如归A hot meal makes me feel welcome when I come back from work.make [sb]'s mouth water v expr informal (food: look appetizing)让某人垂涎三尺；馋得某人流口水The smell of that steak on the grill is making my mouth water.make [sb]'s skin crawl v expr (disgust, unnerve [sb])令人厌恶；令人作呕Something about that man makes my skin crawl.malign [sb/sth] vtr (say bad things about)诽谤；中伤；诋毁Mrs. Smith maligned her husband during the divorce.在离婚办理期间，史密斯夫人诋毁了她丈夫。maltreat [sb] vtr (treat badly)虐待The man was arrested for maltreating his dog.那人因为虐狗而遭逮捕。manacle [sb] vtr (put manacles on)给...戴上手铐；铐上The soldiers manacled the captive and held him for questioning.士兵将囚犯铐起来进行审讯。manage [sb/sth] vtr (supervise)管理I manage a team of 5 editorial assistants.我管理着一个由5名编辑助理所组成的团队。manage [sb] vtr (sports, show business) (体育、娱乐业)管理某人，负责某人Ruth manages several sports stars.mandate [sb], mandate [sb] to do [sth] vtr (order)命令...做某事；指示...做某事The people mandated the government to restructure.人民要求政府进行重组。maneuver [sb/sth] (US), manoeuvre [sb/sth] (UK) vtr (manipulate [sb])操纵；操控The president maneuvered congress in order to pass the bill.manhandle [sb] vtr (treat roughly)粗暴对待；推搡I have to tell my children not to manhandle the puppy.manipulate [sb] vtr (influence, control) (人)影响，控制，操纵She's manipulated by her boyfriend in everything she does.她无论什么事都要刻意操纵自己的男朋友。manipulate [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (persuade to do)摆布某人做某事；操纵某人做某事The con man manipulated his victim into signing her house over to him.mansplain to [sb] vi + prep informal (man: explain patronizingly to woman)向女人说教mansplain [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep informal (man: explain patronizingly to woman)针对某物向某人说教manumit [sth/sb] vtr (liberate, set free)解放；释放；给予...自由march [sb] vtr (military: force to march) (军事)迫使行进, 强迫行军；迫使前进The army marched the captives to the prisoners' camp.march [sb] off vtr + adv (remove [sb] with authority)强制带走marginalize [sb], also UK: marginalise [sb] vtr (alienate [sb] from society)排斥；使处于边缘Heavily male companies can marginalize women in the workplace.maroon [sb] vtr (on island)把…放逐到孤岛The ship marooned a sailor on the island because he stole supplies.这艘船将一名水手放逐到岛上，因为他偷了补给品。maroon [sb] vtr (leave isolated)使…孤立无援When the recession hit, the company marooned Tim in unemployment without any help.be married to [sb] v expr (have [sb] as a spouse)嫁给；与...结婚Jane is married to a Frenchman and lives in Paris.简嫁给了一位法国人，现在住在巴黎。marry [sb] vtr (take as wife or husband)与...结婚； (女性)嫁给； (男性)娶She married her husband two years ago.她两年前嫁给了她丈夫。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 他不顾家里反对，娶了那位姑娘。marry [sb] vtr (join as wife or husband) (牧师等)为…证婚；宣布...为夫妻The priest married them in a beautiful ceremony.marry [sb] vtr (give for marriage)把…嫁给；为…娶妻The father proudly married his daughter to a doctor.marry [sb] vtr figurative (join together)把…结合起来；把…紧密联系起来；融合...和...The band's music marries rock and jazz.marshal [sb] to [sth] vtr (guide, usher)将...引领到；将...带领到We were marshalled to our seats by student volunteers.学生志愿者引我们上座。martyr [sb] vtr (sacrifice for belief)迫害；使殉道The brutal dictatorship martyred people for their political beliefs.残忍的独裁统治者迫害拥有不同政治信仰的人。martyrize [sb] vtr (make martyr of [sb])使…殉难mask-shame [sb] vtr (criticize [sb] not wearing face mask)羞辱未戴口罩的人masquerade as [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (person: pretend to be)假装是；伪装成The police officer masqueraded as a prostitute in order to arrest customers.警察为了抓捕嫖客而伪装成了一名妓女。masses of [sth/sb] npl mainly UK, informal (great number, quantity of)大量的；大群的I can't come out tonight; I've got masses of homework.massacre [sb] vtr (kill, slaughter)屠杀，杀戮；屠宰，宰杀The Greeks were massacred at the Battle of Thermopylae.在瑟莫比莱之战中，希腊人被大肆屠杀。massage [sth/sb] vtr (rub: muscles, person)按摩；推拿Tom massaged his leg to get a cramp out.汤姆按摩着他的腿，想缓解抽筋。masturbate [sb] vtr (stimulate sexually)对...进行手淫match [sth/sb] vtr (measure up to)敌得过；比得上；符合，达到If the players can match their previous performance, they'll win this game easily.如果球员们能够达到之前的表现水平，那就能轻松拿下这场比赛了。match [sth/sb] vtr (place in competition with)与…较量；对抗In the tournament, the team was matched with a very difficult opponent.match [sb] up with [sb], match up [sb] with [sb] v expr (pair romantically: with [sb])撮合…和…；让...与...相亲My mother keeps trying to match me up with her friend's nephew.我母亲一直想撮合我和她朋友的侄子。mate [sb] vtr (match)使…配成一对；使…结成配偶The matchmaker mated the pair to each other.媒人把两人撮合成一对。be matey with [sb] v expr UK, informal (behave in a friendly, familiar way)友好对待；像朋友一样对待The boss is matey with his employees, but not all of them appreciate it.the matter with [sb] n informal (difficulty faced by [sb])事情；问题What's the matter with Julie? She's been crying all morning.朱莉怎么了？她一早上都哭个没完。matter to [sb] v expr (be important to [sb])有影响；有重要性；在乎I love Paul, and his happiness matters to me.It doesn't matter to me if it's sunny or not; I still want to go to the beach.天气晴不晴都没有影响，我还是想去沙滩。我爱保罗，他的幸福对我来说很重要。maul [sb/sth] vtr (animal: attack) (动物)攻击，伤害The lion tamer was mauled by one of the lions.maul [sb/sth] vtr (treat roughly)粗暴地对待The book was badly mauled by its borrowers.maul [sb] vtr figurative (criticize harshly)抨击The critics mauled the director's new film.mean [sth/sb] vtr (allude to)指；意指I don't mean her, I mean her husband!我不是指她，我指的是她丈夫！mean ([sb]) no harm, mean no harm (to [sb]) v expr (not intend to cause hurt)对...没有恶意；并不想伤害某人I'm sorry you were upset by my suggestion. I meant no harm.means-test [sb] vtr (determine eligibility for benefits)对...进行经济情况调查备注: A hyphen is used when the term is a verbmeasure [sth/sb] vtr (calculate dimensions)测量, 度量I need to measure the wood before I cut it.The player measured the distance to the goal.在把木头切开之前，我需要测量它。 // 球员估量了一下到球门的距离。measure [sb] up for [sth] v expr (calculate size: for clothing) (为裁剪或购买衣服)为…给…量尺寸The tailor measured him up for a new suit.medevac [sb] vtr (wounded person: evacuate)空运救护；飞行救治medicate [sb/sth] vtr (treat with drugs)用药医治You must medicate strep throat; it cannot cure itself.medicine [sb] vtr (give medicine to)给…服药；给…吃药meet [sb] vtr (encounter: [sb])碰到；遇到I met someone today who said he knew you.我前两天碰到一个人说他认识你。meet [sb] vtr (get together with)与…碰面；与…碰头She's meeting her friends at the cinema.她与朋友要在电影院外碰面。meet [sb] vtr (greet [sb])与…碰面；与…见面，跟…见面；和…打个招呼Will you come and meet me at the bus stop?你能来公交车站跟我见面吗？meet [sb] vtr (be introduced) (通过介绍)结识，认识I'd like you to meet my friend James.我想让你认识一下我的朋友詹姆士。meet [sth/sb] vtr (face directly)正面遭遇；与…正面交手；和…对峙；与...角逐Dartmouth will meet Princeton for the championship.meet [sth/sb] vtr (contest with)和…交锋；与...竞赛The allied forces met their enemy on the fields of northern France.meet [sb] halfway v expr (compromise)向…妥协，向…让步meet with [sb] vi + prep (person)和…会面；见Our team of advisors will meet with you to discuss your career goals.我们的顾问团队将与你会面，讨论你的职业目标。meet with [sb]'s approval, meet with the approval of [sb] v expr (be endorsed, supported by [sb])受到...的支持；获得...的支持The plans met with the approval of the local business community.memorialize [sth/sb], also UK: memorialise [sth/sb] vtr (commemorate [sth])纪念；庆祝menace [sb] vtr (threaten to harm [sb])威胁Gareth seems to take pleasure in menacing his colleagues.加利斯似乎很喜欢威胁自己的同事。menace [sb/sth] vtr (threaten, endanger [sb], [sth])威胁，威吓；危及，对…构成威胁Widespread pollution menaces our planet.广泛污染问题威胁着我们的星球。mend [sth/sb] vtr (heal)使愈合；使康复；治疗The doctor worked hard to mend her patients.医生尽一切努力治疗自己的患者。mention [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (speak of)向…说起；和…谈起Did you mention the car problem to James?你有没有向詹姆士说起车的问题？mention to [sb] that v expr (tell [sb] [sth])向…谈起；对…提及During our conversation, Julia mentioned to me that she thought Kara had a new boyfriend.在与茱莉亚的谈话中，她对我提及，她认为卡拉交了位新男友。mentor [sb] vtr (guide, advise)辅导；指导I've been mentoring a group of new recruits at work.工作中我一直在指导一群新招进来的员工。mesmerize [sb], also UK: mesmerise [sb] vtr figurative (fascinate, entrance)迷住；吸引；使着迷The dancer's flawless performance mesmerized her audience.那位舞者完美的表演使观众着迷。mesmerize [sb], also UK: mesmerise [sb] vtr dated (hypnotize)对…进行催眠Every attempt to mesmerize her failed.mess up [sb]'s hair, mess [sb]'s hair up v expr informal (make [sb]'s hair untidy)弄乱某人的头发Don't mess up my hair - I've only just come from the hairdressers!message [sth], message [sth] to [sb] vtr (send as a message)把…通知某人I messaged the information to him.message [sb] vtr (send a message)给…发消息I messaged him and should hear back from him by tomorrow.message [sb] vtr (send instant message)发即时消息I have my computer here. Let me message her and see what she says.microchip [sth/sb] vtr often passive (fit with a microchip)给...植微芯片It doesn't cost much for a cat or dog to be microchipped, but it could save their life.micromanage [sb] vtr (supervise over-attentively)微观管理；细化管理；事无巨细地管理microtarget [sb] vtr (show tailored advertisements) (广告)向...进行精准投放[sb]'s mid-thirties npl (age)三十多岁midwife [sb] vtr (assist in birth)给…接生The old woman had midwifed every baby born in the village for twenty years.miff [sb] vtr UK, informal (offend or annoy) (非正式用语)冒犯；使…不愉快；使…恼怒mike [sb/sth] vtr informal, abbreviation (supply or amplify with microphone)通过话筒传送The news crew prepped and miked the whole family before the interview.milk [sth/sb], milk [sth/sb] for [sth] vtr figurative, slang (exploit)压榨，剥削，榨取The boss milked his employees for every drop of energy they had.老板将手下员工的精力榨得一滴不剩。mimic [sb], mimic [sth] vtr (imitate)模仿；学…的样子；做滑稽模仿Kelsey mimicked her friend's laugh perfectly.凯尔西完美模仿了朋友的大笑。mind [sb] vtr (child, pet: care, supervise) (儿童、宠物等)照顾；看护My sister minds the kids for me while I'm working.我工作时，孩子由姐姐照顾。mind [sb] vtr (heed, obey)听从于Mind your mother and clean your room.mingle with [sb/sth] vi + prep (socialize or mix with)与…交往；与…社交I can't stay talking to you all evening, I must mingle with the guests.我不能一晚上都只陪你说话，我得去与客人们交往。mire [sb/sth] in [sth] vtr + prep often passive (cause to be stuck in: marsh, etc.)使陷入或困于沼地中The troops were mired in the mud.mire [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep figurative (entangle in: a situation)使陷入困难中The couple was mired in a bad divorce.mirror [sth/sb] vtr often passive (reflect)反射；映照Her face was mirrored in the tranquil water of the pond.mirror [sth/sb] vtr figurative (represent) (比喻)代表，表现；反射The characters in the novel mirror typical artists and politicians.miscall [sth/sb] vtr (name incorrectly)误称；叫错...的名字miscast [sb] vtr (give the wrong acting role to)对…角色安排不当；给…派错角色She is an excellent actress, but in this movie she was miscast as a frivolous young woman.misdirect [sb] vtr (give [sb] wrong directions)给...指错方向；误导...misdirect [sb] vtr (instruct [sb] wrongly)为…指错方向；给…错误指示misdirect [sb] vtr (magician: distract audience) (魔术师)故意错误引导（观众），引开misdirect [sb] vtr (combat: mislead an opponent) (战斗)误导misgender [sb] vtr (address by incorrect gender)误判性别；弄错性别misgive [sb] vtr literary (make [sb] doubtful)使…怀疑misguide [sb] vtr rare (mislead, deceive)将…引入歧途；误导mishandle [sb] vtr (treat badly)虐待；对待...糟糕The jealous wife mishandled the beautiful new housekeeper.户主的老婆嫉妒心很强，虐待新来的漂亮女佣。misidentify [sth/sb] vtr (recognise wrongly)认错misinform [sb] vtr (give wrong information)提供错误消息给Bob misinformed the woman at the bar when he lied about his age.misinterpret [sb] vtr (understand wrongly)误解；曲解The historian misinterpreted Abraham Lincoln.misjudge [sb] vtr (form an unjust opinion of)对…的判断不公正I misjudged you; you are, indeed, a good fit for the job.mislead [sb] vtr (deceive)误导；使误信The criminal misled the police so that he could escape.罪犯误导警方，以便逃跑。mislead [sb] vtr (lead wrongly)给…带错路；把…带错方向The signs misled the hikers and they got lost in the mountains.mismanage [sb] vtr (supervise badly)对…管理不善The boss mismanaged his staff and received many complaints.misname [sb/sth] vtr (call wrongly)叫错…的名字；误称The child misnamed the elephant when he called it a giraffe.misquote [sb] vtr (cite or repeat [sb] incorrectly)不正确地引用；错误引用misrepresent [sth/sb] vtr (portray inaccurately)歪曲；曲解；表述失实The candidate misrepresented her opponent's position.那位候选人曲解了竞选对手的意思。misrepresent [sth/sb] as [sth] vtr + prep (portray inaccurately as)歪曲；不准确的描述The politician misrepresented himself as a humanitarian, when he was actually a warmonger.miss [sth/sb] vtr (fail to hit: target, mark)未打中，未击中The batsman missed the ball.棒球手未击中球。miss [sb] vtr (long for)挂念；想念The children miss their father when he is away on business.父亲出差不在时，孩子们很想他。miss [sb] vtr (fail to meet: [sb])错过；未接到I'm really sorry I missed you at the station.真抱歉，我在车站没接到您。mistake [sb] for [sb] else vtr (identify wrongly)将...错当成；把...误认成I didn't recognize her voice and mistook her for Jenny.我没有听出她的声音，把她错当成了詹尼。mistreat [sb/sth] vtr (person, animal: treat badly)对…不好；虐待Neighbours couldn't believe she'd mistreated her children so badly.邻居们都不敢相信她竟然那样虐待自己的孩子。mistrust [sb/sth] vtr (lack confidence in)不相信；不信任She's mistrusted him from the word go.她从一开始就不相信他。mistrustful of [sb/sth] adj + prep (not trusting)对…不信任；对…猜疑I am always mistrustful of anything that sounds like its too good to be true.我一直不相信任何看似好得令人难以置信的事情。misunderstand [sth/sb] vtr (understand [sb] wrongly)误解，理解错误；误会；曲解Brian misunderstood Lauren when she invited him to lunch, and showed up at breakfast.劳拉邀请布莱恩吃午饭，布莱恩理解错了，结果早餐时就现身了。miter [sb] (US), mitre [sb] (UK) vtr (bishop: confer a miter on)给...授予主教冠mix it up with [sb] v expr US, slang (argue, fight)与…大打出手，与…扭打在一起；与…争执不休John really mixed it up with Joe; now both of them are in the hospital.mix up [sb] and [sb], mix up [sb] with [sb] v expr (identities: confuse) (人)将…错认为，将…与…搞混I always mix up Scarlett Johansson and Amber Heard; to me they look really alike!我总是将斯嘉丽·约翰逊与艾梅柏·希尔德搞混，就我而言她们长得实在太像了！get mixed up with [sb/sth] v expr informal (become involved with)掺合进，牵涉进；与...有牵连Brad got mixed up with the wrong crowd in his teenage years and ended up dropping out of school with no qualifications.be mixed up with [sb/sth] v expr informal (be involved with)与...混在一起；与...有牵连Don is mixed up with some very dubious people; I think they might be involved in organized crime.get [sth/sb] mixed up with [sth/sb] v expr (confuse two people or things)搞混；弄混My husband is hopeless at recognizing celebrities—he always manages to get Ed Sheeran mixed up with Prince Harry.mob [sb] vtr (crowd: descend on)围攻，成群袭击； (出于好奇等)围聚，围拢，成群围住； (人群)蜂拥而入，纷纷涌入Fans mobbed him as he left the theatre.走出剧院，大量粉丝纷纷向他围过来。mob [sb] vtr (crowd: attack)聚众袭击；围攻Angry protesters tried to mob the politician.mobilize [sb/sth], also UK: mobilise [sb/sth] vtr (make ready for action)动员；调动Successful candidates must mobilize minority voters.成功的竞选人必须动员少数选民。mock [sb/sth] vtr (make a joke of)嘲笑；嘲弄The comedian mocked the politician.那位喜剧演员嘲弄了政客。mock [sb] vtr (imitate jokingly)嘲弄地模仿；嘲弄地仿效Kelsey mocked her friend's attitude.凯尔西嘲弄地模仿她朋友的态度。mold [sb/sth] (US), mould [sb/sth] (UK) vtr figurative (person, character: develop)塑造；使…形成It was his time at boarding school that moulded his character.在寄宿学校的那段时光塑造了他的性格。mold [sb] into [sth] (US), mould [sb] into [sth] (UK) vtr + prep figurative (person: help to develop)把…塑造成；把…培养成His aunts moulded him into a perfect gentleman.他的姑姑把他培养成了一位完美的绅士。molest [sb] vtr (assault sexually)性骚扰Sadly, some teachers molest their students.很遗憾的是，有的老师会性骚扰自己的学生。molest [sb] vtr (bother, harass)搅扰；骚扰；打扰The star was sick of being molested by his fans.mollify [sb] vtr (assuage: [sb])安慰；使某人平静The owner agreed to the pay raise in an attempt to mollify the strikers.mollycoddle [sb] vtr (be overprotective of)溺爱；骄纵；惯monitor [sth/sb] vtr (observe)观察；监测He monitored the patient's status overnight.他整晚都在观察病人的状况。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 这个仪器可以监测底盘上有无货物。monitor [sth/sb] vtr (oversee, supervise)监控；监督；监管She monitored the elections in Argentina.monkey [sb] vtr informal (imitate)模仿；学My sons are always monkeying their uncle!moon [sb] vtr slang (show buttocks) (俚语)对…露屁股，对…亮光屁股The players mooned the other team.more power to [sb], more power to [sb]'s elbow expr (expression of encouragement)加油；再加把劲Well, it sounds like Adam's thought it through carefully, so if it's really what he wants to do, more power to his elbow.mortify [sb] vtr (make horribly ashamed)使窘迫；使屈辱The exposure of his sex scandal mortified the politician.mother [sb] vtr (be the mother of)做…的母亲；生养I think that Julie will mother lots of children.mother [sb/sth] vtr (protect, nurture)保护；照管；照顾They mother their families, making sure that there is proper food and clothing.mother [sb] vtr (act like a mother to)像母亲一样对待；像妈妈一样照顾Stop mothering me. You are my girlfriend, not my mom.motion to [sb/sth], motion towards [sb/sth], motion at [sb/sth] vi + prep (gesture)向...做动作；向...打手势；向...示意Ben motioned to the door.本对着门打了个手势。motion [sb] to do [sth] v expr (encourage by gesture)示意某人…With a nod of his head, the boss motioned Frances to continue with her explanation.老板点点头，示意弗朗西斯继续解释。motivate [sb] vtr (stimulate to act)动员；鼓励How can we motivate the students to work harder?我们该怎么鼓励学生，才能让他们更勤奋？motivate [sb] to do [sth] v expr (stimulate to act)激励某人做某事We need to motivate our staff to generate more profits.mourn [sb] vtr (grieve for dead person)对…表示哀悼，沉痛悼念；为…感到悲痛Karen was still mourning her mother when her best friend died.凯伦最好的朋友去世时，她还在沉痛悼念自己的母亲。mourn for [sb/sth] vi + prep (grieve)为…哀悼；为…感到悲痛The whole family is mourning for Julie, who died last week.朱莉上周去世了，全家都为她的死感到悲痛。move [sb] vtr often passive (affect emotionally)感动；打动；触动Everyone was moved by the film.影片打动了每一位观众。move [sb] to do [sth] vtr + prep (impel emotionally)因感动而做某事Karen was moved to take in the stray dogs.move [sb] to (do) [sth] vtr + prep (cause, provoke)导致某人做某事；促使某人做某事His actions moved her to call the police.move away from [sth/sb] v expr (step further from)远离，离开Alice moved away from the rubbish bin when she noticed the bad smell.move [sth] away from [sb/sth] v expr (place at a greater distance from)搬离The mother moved the glass away from the child's reach.move closer to [sth/sb] v expr (relocate to be nearer to [sth], [sb])去离...更近的地方move [sb] deeply vtr + adv (affect emotionally)深深地打动；深深感动The old man's sad story moved everyone deeply.那个老人的悲伤故事深深打动了每个人。move [sb] to action v expr (motivate to do [sth])让...行动起来；激励...行动A news report about the famine moved James to action and he decided to make a donation to charity.move [sb] to tears v expr (make weep with emotion)使…感动得流泪，使…感动得落泪Kathy was moved to tears by the sad ending to the film.move toward [sth/sb], move towards vi + prep (approach, get closer to)走向，靠近As we moved towards the stadium, we could hear the cheers of the crowd.muffle [sb] vtr (cover up warmly)暖和地围住, 暖和地裹住或盖住Muffle the children before they go out in the cold.muffle [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (cover warmly with [sth])把某人裹在…里；用…围住某人When you visit Canada, make sure to muffle yourself in a warm, down coat.mug [sb] vtr (rob violently)抢劫；打劫Someone mugged Sarah on the way home from work.莎拉在下班回家的路上被人打劫了。mulct [sb] vtr formal, dated (fine) (过时用语)对…处以罚金；罚…的款mulct [sb] vtr formal, dated (swindle) (过时用语)欺骗；诈骗mulct [sth] of [sb] vtr + prep formal, dated (take fraudulently)欺骗某人的某物；骗取某人的某物mummify [sb] vtr (preserve by drying and bandaging)使成为木乃伊；将…制为木乃伊murder [sb] vtr (kill: a person)杀死（某人）；谋杀He murdered his wife.他谋杀了自己的妻子。murmur [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (tell quietly)对某人低声说She murmured her answer to me and quietly left.murmur to [sb] vi + prep (speak quietly)低声说She was murmuring to herself at the back of the room.muster [sth/sb] vtr (assemble: troops, soldiers)召集；集合The sergeant mustered his soldiers.中士将自己手下的士兵召集起来。；mute [sb] vtr (video call: set [sb] to silent)将...静音；把...的声音关掉mutilate [sb/sth] vtr (maim, disfigure)使伤残The car accident mutilated the poor boy.那场车祸让那个可怜的男孩伤残了。muzzle [sb] vtr figurative (people, press)迫使…沉默；钳制The governor muzzled the press.那位州长迫使媒体保持沉默。[sb]'s lips are sealed expr figurative (this will be kept secret)我会守口如瓶Interviewers keep asking the actor who he is dating but his lips are sealed.mystify [sb] vtr (puzzle, perplex)使困惑；使迷惑David mystified us when he rejected the high-paying job for no apparent reason.大卫不知为何拒绝了那份高薪工作，我们都感到很迷惑。mythicize [sth/sb], also UK: mythicise [sth/sb] vtr (turn into a myth)将…神化mythologize [sth/sb], also UK: mythologise [sth/sb] vtr (make mythical)神化；为...造神nab [sth] from [sb], nab [sth] off [sb] vtr + prep slang (steal from)从...偷盗The pickpocket nabbed wallets from tourists.nab [sb] vtr slang (catch, apprehend) (俚语)抓住，逮捕，捉住The kidnappers nabbed the victim as he got into his car.绑匪趁受害者上车的时候捉住了受害者。nag at [sb] vi + prep (complain, harass)纠缠；骚扰；找茬Kyle nagged at his mom until she let him go to his friend's house.凯尔不断纠缠自己的妈妈，直到她允许他去朋友家玩。nag [sb] vtr (remind constantly)对…唠叨不休，对…唠叨个不停I can't stand my stepdad; he's always nagging me.我真受不了我继父，他总是对我唠叨个不停。nag [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep (remind constantly)就…不停唠叨I wish my parents would stop nagging me about the dangers of smoking.我真希望我父母不要再就吸烟的危害不停唠叨我了。nag [sb] to do [sth] v expr (remind constantly)不停催促某人做某事Paul nagged his wife to go to the doctor.保罗不停催促自己的妻子去看医生。nag [sb] vtr figurative (worry, annoy)困扰；烦扰；使...忧心A feeling is nagging me that I've forgotten to pack something important.我总觉得担心，好像忘带了什么重要的东西。nag at [sb] vi + prep figurative (doubts: worry)困扰；让人烦恼A feeling still nags at me that I could have done more to help my friend.我依旧感觉自己应该再多努力些帮助朋友的。nail [sb] vtr figurative, slang (criminal: catch) (因犯罪而被逮捕)抓住，抓获The cops nailed the suspect.警察抓获了犯罪嫌疑人。nail [sb] vtr figurative, slang (kill) (用枪击或投掷)击倒，击中，击杀The sniper nailed four people in one day.狙击手一天之内击杀了四人。nail [sb] vtr figurative, offensive, vulgar, slang (have sex with)与...性交；与...做爱nail in [sb]'s coffin n figurative ([sth] that hastens [sb]'s demise)致命一击；决定成败的关键因素name [sb/sth] vtr (give a name to)说出；说出...的名字Can you name all four members of the Beatles?你能说出披头士乐队所有四个成员的名字吗？name [sb/sth] [sth] vtr (give the name of)给…取名；将...命名为They are going to name the baby Michael. Let's name the song "Furtive Mission".他们要给孩子取名迈克。我们给那首歌取名叫“秘密任务”吧。name [sb] vtr (mention by name)提到…的名字The police report named three witnesses.警方报告中提到了三位目击证人的名字。name [sb] vtr (identify)把…称为；认定是The writer named Twain as his inspiration.name [sb] vtr (appoint)任命；委任The council named a successor.name [sb] vtr (accuse)指出；指控The police have named a suspect in the case.name [sb/sth] after [sb/sth] vtr + prep (give the same name as)以…命名We'd like to name the baby after my mother if it's a girl.如果是个女孩，我们想以我母亲的名字命名她。nanny [sb] vtr (mind a child)给…当保姆；像保姆一样照看Kate nannied four kids over the summer.narcotize [sb], also UK: narcotise [sb] vtr (stupefy [sb] with drugs)使进入麻醉状态；使昏迷naturalize [sb], also UK: naturalise [sb] vtr (award citizenship to [sb]) (使外国人拥有本国国籍)使…入籍The government naturalized Javier after he had spent ten years in the US.nauseate [sb] vtr (disgust physically, make sick)使想吐，使恶心When I was pregnant, even the smell of toast nauseated me.我怀孕的时候闻到吐司的味道就会吐。nauseate [sb] vtr figurative (disgust morally) (比喻)使厌恶，使憎恶；让...恶心The treatment of prisoners in that country nauseates me.该国对待囚犯的方式令我恶心。near [sth/sb] prep (next to, beside) (空间上)邻近的，接近的；附近的Take the bicycle near you.带上你附近的那辆自行车。near to [sb] [sth] prep (close to)在…附近；在…旁边Near her feet, she found a coin.My school is near to my house.她在脚边捡到一枚金币。 // 我家离学校很近。near [sth/sb] vtr (approach)靠近；接近The landing plane neared the airport.即将降落的飞机靠近了机场。need [sb] vtr (love, desire)需要；想要I need you, baby.我想要你，宝贝儿。needle [sb] vtr figurative, informal (criticize, nag [sb])（用话）刺激；故意招惹；抱怨；唠叨Jeff's boss needled him constantly about his work.杰夫的老板不停地抱怨杰夫的工作。needle [sb] vtr figurative, informal (tease, taunt [sb])挑逗；戏弄The boys constantly needled Ben about his stutter.男孩子们不停戏弄本的口吃。neglect [sb] vtr (child)疏于照顾；未予看管Larry neglected his children because he was an alcoholic.拉里是个酒鬼，对自己的孩子疏于照顾。nestle against [sb/sth] vi + prep (get cosy)依偎；安顿；安顿The baby bird nestled against his mother.nestle [sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep (body part: press closely)将头脸或肩膀等贴靠在Ben nestled his chin against his girlfriend's shoulder.nettle [sb] vtr informal (irritate) (非正式用语)刺激；激怒The critic nettled the author with petty insults.狭隘的批评惹怒了作家。never mind [sth/sb] v expr informal (pay no attention to)没关系，没什么；不要担心Never mind the spilled tea; I'll just wipe it up and pour you another cup.请不要担心洒掉的茶，我会把它擦干净然后给你重沏一杯。never mind [sth/sb] v expr informal (much less)更不用说, 更别提I haven't got time to make a cup of coffee, never mind a three-course meal.我连喝一杯咖啡的时间都没有，更别提吃一顿三道菜的饭了。new to [sb] adj + prep (unfamiliar)对（某人）而言是不熟悉的；对（某人）来说是全新的That rule against eating popcorn in the office was new to me.next door to [sb/sth] adv + prep (in the next house along from)在…隔壁next to [sth/sb] prep (beside, adjacent to)挨着；在...旁边The house next to the golf course has great views across the fairway.next to [sth/sb] prep figurative (aside from, after)除...之外；仅次于...I love William; next to my husband, he is my best friend.niche [sb] vtr usually passive (put in a niche)把…放在合适的位置Ben was niched into very specific roles in his acting career because of his early roles.nick [sb] vtr UK slang (nab, arrest) (俚语)逮捕；抓获；抓住The police nicked their suspect early in the morning.nickel-and-dime [sb] vtr US (charge for trivial items)只收一点小钱nickname [sb] [sth] vtr (call, name informally)给…起外号叫…；用…的外号称呼…Tom nicknamed his little brother "Fish" because he spent the entire summer in the pool.汤姆给他的小弟弟起了一个外号叫“小鱼”，因为他整个夏天都泡在游泳池里。niggle at [sb] vi + prep figurative (worry, nag)不断烦扰；不断困扰All my work duties are niggling at me.niggle [sb] vtr figurative (worry)使焦虑；使烦恼My fear of earthquakes niggles me every day.nip [sb/sth] vtr (bite)咬The little dog nipped my finger when I tried to stroke it.我本想摸摸那只小狗，没料到手指被咬了一口。nip at [sb] vi + prep (snap, try to bite) (狗等)轻咬The sheepdog nipped at the flock's heels.牧羊犬轻轻咬了一下羊腿。nip [sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep US (steal)从…偷走nip [sth/sb] vtr (defeat narrowly)险胜We nipped the other team to win the cup.no-platform [sb] vtr UK (boycott extremist speaker)拒绝提供平台nobble [sb] vtr slang (swindle, cheat) (俚语)诈取, 套取nobble [sb] vtr slang (catch out) (俚语)抓住, 捉住a nod to [sb/sth] n figurative (allusion)致敬；致意There was definitely a nod to Ray Charles in the musician's melody.这位音乐家所作的旋律中肯定有向雷·查尔斯致敬的意味。nod to [sb] n figurative (acknowledgment)向...致意；感谢某人The book's acknowledgments include a nod to the author's history teacher.书中致谢的部分包括对作者历史老师的致敬。nominate [sb] vtr (appoint, name: [sb])任命；指定We need to nominate a new secretary.nominate [sb] vtr often passive (propose for award) (奖项)提名He's been nominated twice for a bravery award.nominate [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep often passive (propose: for award)提名…为He was nominated in the "Best Actor" category but did not win the award.nominate [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep often passive (appoint: [sb] to [sth])任命…为Lucy was nominated to the school board this year.nominate [sb] vtr (propose: [sb])提名Who's going to ask him? I nominate Paul.nominate [sb] to do [sth] v expr (propose: [sb])提议某人做某事I nominate you to go and get us some ice cream.none of [sb]'s business expr informal (does not concern [sb])跟某人不相干；与某人无关What I do with my time off is none of your business.none other than [sb] expr ([sb] well known)不是别人；正是We have with us today a man we all know, none other than the champion racer of the entire league.nonplus [sb] vtr (bewilder, bemuse)迷惑；使...不知所措；令...困惑nonsuit [sb] vtr (law: dismiss [sb]'s suit)驳回...的诉讼；驳回not agree with [sb] v expr (disagree)与...持不同意见, 与...存在分歧My dad and I really don't agree on immigration.not agree with [sb] v expr figurative, informal (food: affect digestion) (食品)让...不消化Dairy products don't agree with me.not be affected by [sth/sb] v expr (be indifferent to)不为…所动No human being can witness suffering on this scale and not be affected by it.not be good for [sb] v expr (harm the health of)有害健康；不利于…的健康Saturated fat is not good for your heart.not care for [sth/sb] v expr (dislike)不喜欢Generally, I don't care for white wines - I much prefer reds.not connect with [sb] v expr (not be understood)没与…产生共鸣The film failed to connect with audiences in some countries.not do justice to [sth/sb], not do [sth/sb] justice v expr (not show well)对…不能得尽其妙；不能充分显示出…的优点That photograph does not do justice to her beauty.not lose sight of [sth/sb] v expr (keep in view)不要让…离开视线范围Do not lose sight of your children around water.not matter to [sb] vtr (be unimportant to)对…来说不重要；于…无关紧要It doesn't matter to me.not put [sth] past [sb] v expr (think [sb] capable of doing [sth])认为某人能够做某事not think much of [sth/sb] v expr informal (be unimpressed by)对…评价不高I did not think much of that artist's new exhibit, I thought it was trite.not to be mistaken for [sth/sb], not to be confused with [sth/sb] expr (as distinct from [sth] else)不要与...弄错；不可与…搞混be nothing to do with [sb], have nothing to do with [sth] v expr (not concern [sb])与...无关Stop listening in to our conversation; this is nothing to do with you.be nothing to do with [sth/sb], have nothing to do with [sth/sb] v expr (be unrelated)与…没有关系；与…不相干You would think that volcanoes have nothing to do with the weather, but they do.My bad mood today has nothing to do with the weather.have nothing to do with [sb] v expr (not associate with)不与…来往I've had nothing to do with my ex-husband since our divorce.notice [sb/sth] vtr (become aware of [sth/sb]'s presence)注意到；留心到Has he noticed you yet?他注意到你了么？notice [sth/sb] vtr (pay attention to)注意；观察Notice the road signs ahead.notify [sb], notify [sb] that vtr (with clause: tell)通知，告诉，告知Amy's boss notified her that she qualified for a raise.艾米的老板告诉她说她有资格加薪。notify [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (inform of)把…告知；将…通知Matthew wrote to notify his boss of his intention to resign.马修写信通知老板他打算辞职。notify [sth] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep UK, formal, often passive (register officially)正式向...发出...的通知；正式告知某人某事；正式向...进行...的注册Deaths are required by law to be notified to a registrar within five days.nourish [sb] vtr (food: sustain)给…提供足够的营养Rice alone will not nourish these children.只吃大米不能给这些孩子提供足够的营养。nourish [sb] vtr figurative (feed mentally or spiritually) (比喻，精神上)滋养，给…提供营养The ideas in his books nourish young students' minds.他书中的观念滋养了年轻学子的心灵。nudge [sb/sth] vtr (small push)用肘轻推，轻推Stacy nudged Jake awake as they reached the bus stop.到达公交车车站后，斯特西轻轻推醒了杰克。nudge [sb] vtr figurative (small push to do sthg) (比喻)推，推动，推进Mike's friends had to nudge him a few times to get him apply for a new job.迈克的朋友们数次推动他申请新工作。numb [sth/sb] vtr (make numb)使失去知觉，使麻木；使麻木，使迟钝The dentist numbed my mouth before he began working on my teeth.在给我治疗牙齿之前，牙医先给我打了一点麻醉药，使我的嘴失去知觉。numb [sb] vtr figurative, often passive (desensitize to emotion)使…感情麻木；对...木然The trauma of his childhood experiences has numbed him.他儿时经历造成的创伤使他感情麻木。numb [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (desensitize to effects of [sth])使...对...麻木It's arguable that action movies numb us to the true effects of violence.动作片使我们对暴力行为的真实影响麻木不仁，这一点还有待争议。number [sth/sb] vtr (include)把…算作；把…计入，把…归入The band numbered quite a few students among its fan base.该乐队将不少学生计入自己的粉丝群。number [sb/sth] among [sth] vtr + prep (include in)把…算成；把…归作Some people believe that Mother Theresa should be numbered among the saints.[sb]'s number is up expr figurative, informal ([sb] is about to die)气数已尽；命数已定nurse [sb/sth] vtr (tend to: [sb], [sth] sick)照顾；照护She was able to nurse the bird back to health.她照顾鸟，直到它痊愈。nurse [sb] vtr (baby: breastfeed)给...喂奶The mother nursed the baby till he was six months old.a nursery for [sb/sth] n figurative (nurturing place) (比喻)温床，温室The school was a nursery for the greatest minds in the country.nurture [sb] vtr (care for, raise: children) (孩子)养育，抚育，培养Parents need to nurture their children to help them become good people.父母需要抚育自己的孩子，来帮助他们成为出色的人。nut [sb] vtr UK, slang (headbutt)用脑袋撞The bloke nutted James and ran off as he lay on the ground with his head bleeding.那个醉鬼用脑袋撞了詹姆斯，詹姆斯头破血流，躺在地上，而醉鬼却逃跑了。nutmeg [sb] vtr informal (sports: make between-legs pass) (体育，非正式用语)穿裆过人The striker nutmegged the goalie and scored the first goal of the match.be nuts about [sb] v expr slang (person: be infatuated with) (俚语)疯狂地爱恋；迷恋I don't know what she sees in him, but she's nuts about him.nuzzle [sb/sth] vtr (nudge with the nose)用鼻子轻轻蹭；鼻子轻碰；用鼻子爱抚Chelsea likes to nuzzle her kitten's neck.obey [sb/sth] vtr (do as told)服从，听…的话；顺从；遵守Children should obey their parents.孩子应该听父母的话。obfuscate [sb] vtr (confuse: [sb]) (人)使...糊涂，使...困惑The professor obfuscated his students with highly theoretical examples.objectify [sb] vtr (treat as an object)物化If you want a real relationship, stop objectifying the women you date.objurgate [sb] vtr rare (rebuke) (罕见用法)非难, 责难, 指责obligate [sb] vtr formal (oblige morally, legally) (正式用语)将责任加诸于；要求...必须Children will not do chores on their own; you must obligate them.obligate [sb] to do [sth] v expr formal (oblige morally, legally)使…负责；使…承担义务The court obligated the father to pay child support every month.be obligated to [sb] v expr (be morally or legally bound to [sb])对某人有义务My in-laws offered to lend us the money, but we didn't want to be obligated to them.feel obligated to [sb] v expr (feel morally or legally bound to [sb])感觉对某人有义务oblige [sb] to do [sth] v expr (force, obligate [sb] to do [sth])使某人负有义务做某事，使某人（在道义或法律上）负有做某事的责任，迫使Daniel's behaviour obliged his mother to apologise on his behalf.丹尼尔的行为让他妈妈不得不代他道歉。oblige [sb] vtr (accommodate)帮…的忙；为…效劳；施恩惠于John asked Mary for help and she was happy to oblige him.约翰请玛丽帮忙，玛丽很乐意为他效劳。oblige [sb] vtr always passive (make indebted, grateful)使感激；使感恩We are much obliged to you for your help.be obliged to [sb] for [sth] v expr (be grateful, indebted)对...感激；对...感恩oblivious to [sb/sth] adj + prep (not conscious of [sb], [sth])没有察觉到…的，没有意识到…的，没有注意到…的Henry wandered through the crowd, lost in his own thoughts, oblivious to others.亨利沉浸在自己的思绪中，在人群中穿行，完全没有意识到别人的存在。observe [sth/sb] vtr (watch [sth], [sb])看到，察觉到，注意到I observed a man walking along the street.我看到有个男人在街上行走。observe [sth/sb] vtr (study [sth], [sb])观察；观测The doctor observed her patient for twenty-four hours to make sure he was cured.医生观察了病人24小时，确保病人已痊愈。obsess [sb] vtr (preoccupy)使着迷；迷住；缠住The deadline obsessed us all this week.be obsessed with [sth/sb] v expr (be fixated on [sth/sb])着迷于；痴迷于James is obsessed with trains, and knows a huge amount about them.詹姆斯痴迷于火车，知道很多关于火车的知识。obstruct [sth/sb] vtr (block)阻塞，阻挡The fallen rocks obstructed the road.obstruct [sb] vtr figurative (hinder, prevent)阻碍，妨碍The crossing guard obstructed the children when they tried to cross the street.obstruct [sb] from doing [sth] v expr figurative (hinder, prevent)阻挡；阻碍Fear should not obstruct an officer from doing his duty.obtrude [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep (impose, thrust: [sth] on [sb])将...强加于；强迫...接受occupy [sb] vtr ([sb]: entertain, keep busy)使忙碌；使全神贯注；使分心We played games to occupy the children on the long drive.开车长途旅行时，我们跟孩子们玩游戏，好让他们分心。occur to [sb] vi + prep (enter the mind)想起；想到Did it occur to you that she might object to this?你有没有想到她可能反对这样做？of interest to [sb] expr (interesting to)让...感兴趣Simon's mother highlighted the passage in the newspaper article that she thought would be of interest to him.offend [sb] vtr (annoy, anger)使生气；得罪；冒犯The comedian's jokes are in bad taste and offend the audience.offend [sb] vtr (hurt feelings)伤害…的感情Matthew offended Susan with his unkind remarks.offend [sth/sb] vtr (be disagreeable)使...不愉快；使...不舒服That smell offends my nose.offer [sb] [sth] vtr (propose to give)给予某人某物；将...提供给He offered her some potato chips.他主动给她提供了些薯条。offer [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (propose to give [sth])主动提议将某物给某人；将某物让给某人You should offer your last sweet to your sister.你应该把你最后的糖果让给妹妹。offer [sb] [sth] vtr (make available to)向某人提供某事；给予某人某物I offered him my help.我向他提供自己的帮助。offer [sb] [sth] vtr (propose to pay)给某人报某种价格；给某人开出某种价格They've offered us three hundred thousand on the house.他们开出30万元的价格来买我们的房子。offer [sth], offer [sth] to [sb] vtr (give a prayer, etc.)为...献上He went to church and offered a prayer to the Blessed Virgin Mary.officially recognize [sth/sb], also UK: officially recognise [sth/sb] adv + vtr (confer legal status)正式承认Many Western countries have officially recognised Kosovo.许多西方国家都已正式承认了科索沃。officially recognize [sth/sb] as [sth], also UK: officially recognise [sth/sb] as [sth] v expr (confer specific legal status)将…正式承认为British Sign Language was officially recognised as a language of the UK in 2003.offload [sth] onto [sb], off-load [sth] onto [sb], offload [sth] on [sb], off-load [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep figurative, informal (pass something unwanted on to)转手I managed to offload that awful project onto Audrey.offload [sth] onto [sb], off-load [sth] onto [sb] vtr + prep figurative ([sth] worrying: tell [sb])减轻Angie offloaded her concerns onto her best friend.ogle [sb/sth] vtr (stare at lustfully)向…抛媚眼；送秋波；对…垂涎The teenage boys ogled the women in the magazine.OK with [sb], O.K. with [sb], okay with [sb] adj + prep informal (acceptable to)可以的, 行的, 好的Is it OK with you if I open the window? Tuesday is OK with me; see you then!the olds, [sb]'s olds npl UK, AU, informal (parents)父母；家长When they found out what I'd done, my olds grounded me for a month.omit [sth/sb] vtr (leave [sth] out)删除，省略；遗漏，忽略Alex omitted part of the story that wasn't suitable for children.be on to [sb], be onto [sb] v expr informal (suspect [sb]'s secret)怀疑；盯上The thief knew the police were on to him, so he was trying to keep a low profile.那个窃贼知道警方已经怀疑上了自己，所以他正努力保持低调。on a collision course with [sb] expr figurative (disagreeing, clashing)总是与…冲突；总是与…意见相左His refusal to even listen to other points of view set him on a collision course with nearly everyone he met.on account of [sb], on [sb]'s account expr (for [sb]'s sake)为了…Don't turn the music off on my account; it doesn't bother me.不用为我关掉音乐，我并没有受到干扰。onboard [sb] vtr (induct: new employee) (新员工)就职，入职The HR manager explained how the company onboards new employees.人力资源部经理解释公司是如何安排新员工入职的。on [sb]'s back adj (nagging [sb] to do [sth])打扰某人的；缠着某人（做某事）的I've got my boss on my back about these late reports.My mother's always on my back about my homework.on [sb]'s coattails, on the coattails of [sb] (US), on [sb]'s coat-tails (UK) expr (succeed: thanks to [sb] else)在…提携之下；靠…提携go on the hunt for [sth/sb] v expr (look for [sth], [sb])搜寻；寻找When he turned 18, Ron went on the hunt for his biological parents.be on the hunt for [sth/sb] v expr (look for [sth], [sb])搜寻；寻找My cat is always on the hunt for mice and birds.be on the lookout for [sb] v expr (be trying to find)搜寻,,,The police are on the lookout for a dangerous criminal who has escaped from prison.keep on the lookout for [sth/sb], stay on the lookout for [sth/sb] v expr (remain vigilant for)警惕；留意Stay on the lookout for any suspicious activity in your neighborhood.on the order of [sb], on the orders of [sb], on [sb]'s orders expr (at [sb]'s command)按...的指令；按...的要求on the part of [sb] prep (by)就…来说；由…所为There is a strong desire on the part of new citizens to help shape the places in which they live.on the right side of [sb] expr figurative (in favour with)讨…的欢心You'll need to stay on the right side of your boss if you want to get that promotion.be on the watch for [sth/sb] expr (be looking and waiting for [sth], [sb])等待；盼望；期待on the watch for [sth/sb] expr (looking for)提放；小心警惕The park ranger was always on the watch for poachers and forest fires.on top of [sth/sb] prep (with [sth/sb] beneath)在…上面；在…上方The judoka threw her opponent to the floor and landed on top of him.那位柔道运动员把对手摔倒在地并压在他身上。on [sb]'s radar adj figurative, informal (noticed, known)注意到He wasn't even on my radar till I saw him in that rom com; now he's my favorite movie star!keep [sb] on his/her toes v expr figurative, informal (keep [sb] alert, ready)让...保持警觉give [sb/sth] the once-over, give [sb/sth] a once-over v expr informal (inspect quickly) (非正式用语)草草打量，粗略查看When I submitted my report to the CEO, he gave it the once-over and then gave me a thumbs up.be one up on [sb], be one-up on [sb] v expr informal (have an advantage over [sb])比...有优势get one up on [sb], get one-up on [sb] v expr informal (obtain an advantage over [sb])获得比...更高的优势one up [sb], one-up [sb] vtr informal (outdo)胜出；胜过only have eyes for [sb], have eyes only for [sb] v expr informal (find attractive)只中意；只喜欢Edward only has eyes for Julia.onto [sb], on to [sb] prep slang (aware of what [sb] is like)识破某人Everyone else is charmed by that smooth talker, but I'm onto him!其他所有人都被那个油嘴滑舌的家伙给迷惑了，不过我识破了他的花言巧语。open to [sb] adj + prep (unrestricted)不受限制的；向…开放的Registration is open to everybody.注册是向所有人开放的。open the way for [sth/sb] v expr figurative (enable)为…大开方便之门The government has opened the way for energy firms to explore for shale gas.open [sth] up to [sb] v expr figurative (extend to include)对…打开，对…开放Email was opened up to the public in the early 1990s.open [sb]'s eyes to [sth] v expr figurative (make [sb] aware of reality)让...认清； (比喻)让...睁开眼看清楚operate on [sb/sth] vi + prep (do surgery on) (医疗)给...做手术，动手术The surgeon is operating on Mrs. Willis for her gallstones.The vet is operating on Julie's dog tomorrow.外科医生正在为威利斯夫人做胆结石手术。朱莉的狗明天就要动手术了。opiate [sb] vtr (give opiate to)用鸦片麻醉opiate [sth/sb] vtr figurative (dull, deaden)使麻木；使迟钝It seems that love has opiated the young man's reason.oppose [sth/sb] vtr ([sb]: resist, go against)抵抗，抵制；反对He opposed his parents' idea of an arranged marriage.他抵制父母想给他包办婚姻的想法。oppress [sb] vtr (rule tyrannically over)压迫，镇压The ruling class oppressed slaves with savage tyranny.oppress [sb] vtr figurative (weigh down) (比喻)使压抑，使烦恼，使沮丧He was oppressed by a harsh feeling of failure.ordain [sb] vtr (appoint to the church)任命。。。为神父；授予...神职The church ordained a new priest.order [sb] to do [sth] v expr (command)命令某人做某事I'm ordering you to put that money back and apologize.我在命令你，把钱放回去，向人道歉。ordinate [sb] vtr (appoint to clergy)任命圣职；任命神职organize [sb], also UK: organise [sb] vtr (people: co-ordinate)把…组织起来；把…编成组The tour guide organises her group before setting off.出发前，导游把自己的旅行团组织起来。organize [sth/sb], also UK: organise [sth/sb] vtr (form a group) (组织、团体等)成立，组成Carl is organizing a committee to look at cost efficiency within the company.organize [sb/sth], also UK: organise [sb/sth] vtr (enlist in a trade union)把…组织成工会，；把…的职工组成工会Union reps organised the workforce.orient [sb] (US), orientate [sb] (UK) vtr (familiarize [sb] with [sth])使…熟悉情况Martin's job was to orient new students during their first week on the campus.；oriented toward [sb/sth], (US), orientated towards [sb/sth] (UK) adj US (focused on)以…为重点的；以…为方向的；重视…的The resort is oriented toward young couples without children.orphan [sb] vtr often passive (deprive of parents)使成为孤儿；使失去父母The girl was orphaned by the plane crash.ostracize [sb], also UK: ostracise [sb] vtr (exclude [sb] socially)排斥The churchgoers ostracized Jennifer after realizing she was an atheist.other [sb] vtr (treat as other, as alien)将...作为外来人；排外The movie was criticized for othering its non-white characters.[sb]'s other half n figurative, informal (spouse, significant other) (指伴侣，非正式用语)另一半oust [sb] vtr (remove, eject)撤职，罢免；驱逐The rebels were on a crusade to oust the king.oust [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (remove, eject)把某人从…驱逐；免去某人在…的职务She was ousted from office for accepting bribes.out [sb] vtr slang (reveal as gay)出柜，公开宣布同性恋身份The famous actor was outed by the tabloids.out [sb] as [sth] vtr slang (reveal or expose: as [sth])泄露，透露The speaker outed him as the author of the controversial report.out of the reach of [sb], out of [sb]'s reach expr (inaccessible)超出范围的；够不着的Your pills should be out of the reach of children.put [sb] out of the running v expr (end [sb]'s chances in competition)让...出局；使...淘汰be out of touch with [sb] v expr (no longer be in contact with)与…失去联系Unfortunately I'm out of touch with Rita, so I can't give her the news.不幸的是，我和丽塔失去了联系，我无法告诉她这个消息。out of [sb]'s league adj figurative, informal (too good for [sb]) (非正式用语)高不可攀的；高攀不起的She is beautiful, smart and funny.She would never talk to me; she is out of my league.outargue [sb] vtr (defeat in an argument)在辩论中击败；在辩论中战胜；驳倒outbid [sb] vtr (offer more money than)比…出更高的价格；出价高于；出高于…的价格Fernando outbid his competitors at the auction.outboast [sb] vtr (make more impressive claims than)吹嘘得比某人更过；夸耀得比某人更过outbox [sb] vtr (boxer: beat opponent)击败...outclass [sb] vtr (perform better than)远胜于；比…更好Tim outclassed the other runners in the race.outcompete [sb] vtr (be more successful than)超越...outcry [sb] vtr (cry louder than)喊得比…声音大It seemed like the infants were having a contest to see who could outcry the rest!婴儿似乎在比赛，看谁喊得比其他人都要响！outdistance [sb/sth] vtr (go further than)远远超过，把…甩在后方；超越，超过，胜过The sailor outdistanced the other boats when he sailed across the Atlantic.outdo [sb] vtr (excel, surpass)胜过；超出；超越The cook outdid himself last night.outdraw [sb] vtr (pull out a gun faster than)比…更快亮出武器outdraw [sb] vtr (attract more audience than)比某人吸引更多的人outface [sb] vtr (confront and defeat)勇敢面对vtr；直面outfight [sb] vtr (defeat)击败vtr；打败；战胜outfit [sb/sth] vtr (equip [sb])装备；配备The ski hire company outfitted Rosa with all the necessary equipment.那家滑雪公司为罗萨装备了一切所需的装备。outflank [sb] vtr (military: bypass) (军事术语)包围, 包抄vtroutflank [sb] vtr figurative (outmanoeuvre, outdo)智胜vtr；击败outfox [sb] vtr informal (outwit)以智取胜；在计谋上胜过Politics is often the art of outfoxing the opposition.outgo [sb/sth] vtr (go faster than)比...更快vtr；领先outgrow [sb] vtr (grow taller than)长得比…高；长得比…快Gary was embarrassed when his sister outgrew him.outguess [sb] vtr (outwit, second-guess)猜出vtr；看透outgun [sb] vtr (have greater firepower than)火力猛于vtr；火力超过outhit [sb] vtr (sport: bat better than) (棒球运动术语)击打得比…好，击打出更多好球vtroutlast [sb/sth] vtr (last longer than)比…持久，比...活得长The pyramids outlasted the civilization that built them.outlive [sb] vtr (live longer than)比…活得长My grandmother's so full of energy, she's sure to outlive us all!outmaneuver [sb] (US), outmanoeuvre [sb] (UK) vtr (outwit)比…技高一筹vtr；胜过；赢过outmatch [sb] vtr (do better than)比…优秀vtr；胜于outnumber [sth/sb] vtr (number more than)数量上超过China's population outnumbers ours by a significant amount.outpace [sb] vtr (go faster than)速度快于My brother outpaced me today in gym class.outperform [sb] vtr (do better than)做得比...好；胜过；超越David outperformed his sister on the TOEFL exam.outplace [sb] vtr (take the place of)代替vtr；取代outplay [sb] vtr (sport, game: play better than, defeat)击败；战胜；打败outpoint [sb] vtr (score more points than)得分多于vtr；比…得分高outproduce [sb/sth] vtr (produce more than)比…生产的多vtr；产出比…多outrace [sb] vtr (exceed in speed, etc.) (在速度、数量或质量等方面)超过, 超越vtroutrage [sb] vtr often passive (anger, offend [sb])激怒，惹火，惹毛Owen was outraged by Lucy's behaviour.欧文被露西的行为给惹毛了。outrank [sb] vtr (be ranked more highly than)级别高于vtr；职位高于outreach [sb/sth] vtr (exceed)超出；超过Demand for the new phone has outreached our supply.对新手机的需求超出了我们的供货量。outride [sb], outride [sth] vtr (ride farther, faster, than)骑得比...更好；骑得比...更快outrun [sb/sth] vtr (run faster than)比…跑得快A dog will outrun a cat every time.outrun [sb/sth] vtr (escape from)从…逃脱The criminals managed to outrun the police.outscore [sb] vtr (score more than)得分高于；比分高于outsell [sb] vtr (sell more than)比某人卖得多；比某人卖得快David outsold the other salesmen in his company.outshine [sb/sth] vtr figurative (perform better than) (比喻)比…更出色；优于；胜过Heather worked hard to outshine the other designers.outshout [sb] vtr (shout louder than)喊得比…大声vtr；喊声大过outsmart [sb] vtr (beat by cunning)比…更聪明；智胜The detective caught the criminal by outsmarting him.outsource [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (work: contract out)把…外包给某人The company outsourced hiring to an external human relations firm.outsource [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (goods, services: obtain externally)从…外部采购The factory, which is in London, outsources its parts from China.outspend [sb] vtr (spend more than)花得比…多vtr；花钱多过outstare [sb] vtr (stare longer than [sb] else)以目光镇住outstay [sb] vtr (stay longer than)逗留得比…久；逗留得超过…期限Dennis liked cold weather and outstayed his colleagues when working in Antarctica.outstrip [sb/sth] vtr informal (excel, surpass) (非正式用语)超越；胜过Our annual sales outstripped the competitors.outstrip [sb/sth] vtr informal (go faster than) (非正式用语)追过；跑过Everyone was surprised when Mike outstripped the rest of the competition.outvote [sb] vtr (cast more votes than)得票比…多vtr；票数多过outweigh [sth/sb] vtr (be heavier than)重于；比...更重The titleholder outweighs his opponent by thirty pounds.outwit [sb] vtr (be more clever than)智胜；以智取胜The chess player outwitted his opponent.outwork [sb] vtr (work harder than)工作比…勤奋vtr；比…工作刻苦over [sb]'s head expr figurative (beyond [sb]'s comprehension)让...无法理解；是...理解不了的overawe [sb] vtr (daunt, intimidate)使敬畏vtr；使惊惧overbear [sb] vtr (be domineering towards)对…盛气凌人；对…骄横无礼overbid [sb] vtr (bid higher at auction)出价高于vtroverbid [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (bid higher than [sb])为...出价高于...overburden [sb/sth] vtr (overload)使…负担过重The teacher tried not to overburden her students with too much homework.overburden [sb] vtr figurative (expect too much of [sb])使负担过重The manager overburdened his staff with unachievable goals.overcharge [sb] vtr (charge too much)向…多收费；对…索价过高The merchants at the market deliberately overcharge tourists.overcharge [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (charge too much for)索费过多The dealership overcharged me for my car, but it was my own fault for not negotiating.overcome [sb] vtr (overwhelm)制服；打败They were quickly overcome by the gases.overcome [sb] vtr (emotions) (指情绪)被…所压倒的Tears overcame her after she saw her brother alive.overcompensate [sb] vtr (pay too much)对…赔偿过多vtr；对…补偿过多overcompensate [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (pay too much for [sth])为某物给某人付太多的钱overestimate [sb] vtr (expect too much of)高估；对…估计得过高Don't overestimate John; he's no smarter than you are.overexcite [sb] vtr (agitate or titillate too much)使过度激动vtr；使过度兴奋overextend [sth/sb] vtr (stretch too far, strain)过度拉伸，过度绷紧overfeed [sb/sth] vtr (give too much food to)喂…太多食物vtr；给…吃得过多overhear [sb] vtr (hear [sb] unintentionally)无意中听到某人说话I overheard my mom while she was talking about my surprise birthday party.overhear [sb] say [sth], overhear [sb] saying [sth] v expr (hear [sb] unintentionally)无意中听到某人说某事Robert overheard Tina say she is getting a divorce.overindulge [sb] vtr (treat [sb] indulgently)溺爱；宠溺Don't overindulge Wendy; she's just looking for attention.overjoy [sb] vtr usu passive (make very happy)使喜出过望；使狂喜overload [sth/sb] vtr (weigh down)使超重，使超载Mark overloaded the wheelbarrow and then couldn't lift it.马克在独轮车上装载了太多东西，推都推不动。overload [sb/sth] vtr (burden, demand too much of)使负担过重；使超负荷The high volume of calls overloaded the system and it broke down.大量的来电使系统超负荷，出了故障。overload [sb] vtr figurative (give [sb] too much work) (比喻)使…负担过重，使…超负荷Julie's boss has overloaded her.老板让朱莉负担过重。overload [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative (too much information) (比喻，如信息、知识等)给某人塞满太多某物Bill is a good teacher, but he tends to overload his students with information.比尔是位好老师，但他总喜欢塞给学生太多信息。overlook [sth/sb] vtr (not notice)未注意到；未看到George failed his exam because he overlooked a number of mistakes in his work.乔治未注意到自己答案中的错误，没能通过考试。overmaster [sb] vtr (overpower)控制vtr；征服；主宰overpay [sb] vtr (pay too high a salary)付给…过高报酬The tourists overpaid the taxi driver because they didn't know the proper rate.overpower [sb/sth] vtr (subdue by force) (用武力)征服，制服The mugger overpowered her and knocked her to the ground.overpower [sb] vtr often passive (sound, heat, smell: be too strong) (声音、热量、味道等)让…感觉太强烈，使…无法忍受The pungent odor overpowered Mark.这刺鼻的味道让马克无法忍受。overpower [sb] vtr figurative (overwhelm emotionally)使倾倒；使折服；使动容We were overpowered by the tragic final scene.overpraise [sb] vtr (commend excessively)过分表扬vtr；过分称赞overpressure [sb] vtr figurative (subject to stress, overwork)使…承受压力；使…过度劳累overprotect [sb/sth] vtr (try excessively to keep from harm)过分保护vtr；过度保护overrate [sth/sb] vtr (esteem too highly)过高估计；高估It is important not to overrate your students' abilities or you may set tasks that are too difficult for them.That actor has always been overrated in my opinion.overrule [sb] vtr (rule against: person)否决…的意见；驳回…的意见The judge overruled the lawyer.overrule [sth/sb] vtr (prevail over)支配；统治I believe that God overrules the universe.overrun [sth/sb] vtr often passive (people, animals, insects) (野兽、害虫等)侵扰，猖獗，大批出没于； (人)横行于，肆虐The kitchen was overrun with ants.厨房里蚂蚁猖獗。overrun [sth/sb] vtr (military: enemy) (军事)占领；夺取The army overran the enemy's position.oversee [sth/sb] vtr (supervise)监督；监管Diana is overseeing this project.这个项目由戴安娜监督。oversee [sth/sb] vtr rare (look down on)俯瞰oversee [sth/sb] vtr rare (see secretly or accidentally)偷看到；无意中看到overshadow [sb] vtr figurative (outshine, surpass)使黯然失色，使相形见拙She always felt that her younger sister overshadowed her.overstimulate [sb/sth] vtr (make overly excited)使过度兴奋vtr；过度刺激overstretch [sb/sth] vtr (subject to strain, work too hard)使...过度劳累oversupply [sb] with [sth] vtr (provide with too much)给...过多提供；过多给予某人某物overtake [sth/sb] vtr (pass: another vehicle)超车The red car is overtaking the blue car.红车正在超蓝车。overtake [sth/sb] vtr (pass: in a race) (赛跑)超过，超越Kelly Holmes has just overtaken Hasna Benhassi.凯莉・霍尔姆斯刚刚超过了哈斯娜・本哈希。overtake [sth/sb] vtr (exceed: in numbers or business) (数量、销售额等)超过；超越Sales of Android phones have overtaken sales of iPhones.安卓手机的销量已经超过了iPhone。overtake [sth/sb] vtr (happen to [sb/sth])突然发生在…身上；突然降临在…头上Bad luck overtook them.overtax [sb] vtr (charge an excess of tax)对…征税过重vtr；对...课重税overtax [sb] vtr figurative (burden) (比喻)使有负担vtr；让...承担重负overthrow [sb] vtr (leader: remove from power) (领导)推翻，使下台The king was overthrown in a military coup.在一次军事政变中，国王被推翻了。overtire [sb] vtr (fatigue too much)使过为疲劳vtr；使过度劳累overtop [sth/sb] vtr (rise above in authority)凌驾overtop [sth/sb] vtr (surpass)优于，超过overvalue [sth/sb] vtr (exaggerate importance of)过分重视，过分看重overwhelm [sb] vtr (overpower emotionally) (情绪等)将…淹没，使难以承受，压倒，压垮Sorrow overwhelmed Henry and he broke down in tears.亨利被悲伤压倒，痛哭流涕。overwhelm [sb] vtr often passive (overburden) (量太大)使无法应对，使负荷过重Maggie is overwhelmed with work at the moment.当前的工作使玛姬负荷过重。overwhelm [sth/sb] vtr (overpower)征服，攻克，击败；制服，压倒The army overwhelmed the enemy's bases.军队攻克了敌军基地。overwork [sb] vtr (give too much work to)使…过度工作The factory overworked its employees causing injuries due to fatigue.owe [sb] [sth] vtr (be in debt to [sb])欠…的债Having arranged a loan to buy my house, I owe my bank a lot of money.我贷款买了房，欠了银行很多钱。owe [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (be in debt to [sb])欠某人…钱I owe a fortune to my creditors.我欠债主一大笔钱。owe [sb] [sth] vtr figurative (need to give)应该给；应给予；欠I owe you an apology.我欠你一个道歉。owe [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep figurative (have: thanks to [sb/sth])幸亏有了某人才；亏得有某人才He owed his life to the medical skills of his surgeon.I owe my good looks to my beautiful grandmother.幸亏有了外科医生的好技术，他才捡回一条命。// 幸亏有我美丽的外祖母，我才生得漂亮。owe [sb] an apology v expr (need to say sorry)应该向...道歉own [sb] vtr figurative, often passive, slang (defeat, humiliate) (俚语)比…强；击败；让...逊色She really owned that interviewer with her witty comebacks!oxygenate [sth/sb] vtr (supply oxygen to)使氧化；与氧化合；用氧处理oxygenate [sb] vtr (patient: give oxygen to)给…输氧pace [sb] vtr (set speed for)为…定速度；调整…的速度The most important thing when running a marathon is to pace yourself.在跑马拉松的时候最重要的是掌握好速度。pace [sb] vtr (set speed for: racing)为…领跑Runners hoping to set a new record need another runner to pace them.pacify [sb/sth] vtr (calm)使…安静；让...平静The babysitter tried to pacify the screaming child by giving him a toy.pacify [sb] vtr (appease)讨好Larry pacified his boss by doing extra work.pack [sth] with [sb/sth] vtr + prep usu passive (fill with partisans)塞满，挤满The candidate's staff packed the hall with friendly supporters.pack [sth] with [sb/sth] vtr + prep informal (fill with people) (人)塞满，挤满They packed the concert hall with so many people that you couldn't even see the band.packed with [sb] adj + prep (full of people)挤满…的The room is packed with meeting delegates.房间里挤满了前来会见的代表。paddle [sb] vtr US, informal (child: punish by smacking) (孩子)惩罚；体罚Your dad's going to paddle you when he finds out about this!page [sb] vtr (call, summon)通知；呼叫We need to page the boss because there is a problem.因为有了问题，我们需要呼叫上司。pain [sb] to do [sth] v expr figurative (cause mental pain) (比喻精神上)做某事使某人痛苦It pains me to see you do embarrassing things like that.看着你做那样尴尬的事情，真让我痛苦。pair [sb] vtr (people: group in twos) (人)将...凑成一对；使成双Pair the students for the dance so that each boy is with a girl.palaver [sb] vtr dated, rare (cajole, persuade)哄骗；劝诱The stern father refused his daughters' entreaties to go to the ball, though they palavered him incessantly.palpate [sb/sth] vtr (diagnose using touch)触诊vtr；触摸检查pamper [sb] vtr (treat excessively well)娇养，娇惯，娇宠； (过分娇宠)宠溺，纵容Eugene is always bringing his wife breakfast in bed, buying her presents, and taking her out; he really pampers her.尤金总是把早饭给老婆端到床前，给她买各种礼物，带她出去玩；他真的很宠她。pander to [sb] vi + prep (indulge: [sb])迎合；迁就panic [sb] vtr (terrify, alarm [sb])吓坏；使受惊，让…惊慌失措The sight of the police panicked Jeremy.看到警察让杰里米惊慌失措。pants [sb] vtr US, informal (pull down [sb]'s trousers)拉下...的裤子；扯下...的裤子parachute [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (drop by parachute) (用降落伞)将...空投给Supplies were parachuted to the climbers last night.parade [sth] in front of [sb] v expr figurative (flaunt)在...面前夸示；给...炫耀Richard paraded his wealth in front of his poorer friends.理查德在比他穷的朋友面前炫富。parade [sth/sb] around, also UK: parade [sth/sb] about vtr + adv (display ostentatiously)招摇地展示；炫耀paralyze [sb] (US), paralyse [sb] (UK) vtr (make [sb] immobile)使…瘫痪The car accident paralyzed the victim.paralyze [sb] (US), paralyse [sb] (UK) vtr figurative (make [sb] unable to act)使…不能活动；使...瘫痪；使...不敢动Fear paralyzed the bank teller during the robbery.paraphrase [sb] vtr (quote using different words)转述；用不同的话引用The army captain paraphrased Franklin D. Roosevelt when he said, "The only thing we should fear is fear itself."parch [sb] vtr figurative, usually passive (make very thirsty)使极度口渴The intense exercise class parched us.pardon [sb] vtr (person: forgive)饶恕，宽恕；赦免Robert's son had behaved very badly, but Robert pardoned him in the end.pardon [sb] vtr (release from legal consequences)赦免；恕罪The fraudster was sentenced to ten years' imprisonment, but the President pardoned him after only one.pardon [sb] for [sth] v expr (excuse for [sth] done)原谅某人曾做过的某事Charles II pardoned his commander for his role in the Civil War.pardon [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (forgive for sin, crime)宽恕（某人某事）；饶恕（某人某事）Robert pardoned his son for behaving badly.parent [sb] vtr (raise)养育；教养Since Tom's mother left, Henry has been doing his best to parent Tom on his own.自从汤姆的妈妈离开后，亨利便尽其所能，自己养育汤姆。parody [sb/sth] vtr (mimic, mock)嘲弄地模仿；通过模仿嘲弄He was parodying one of his professors when the professor walked in.parole [sb] vtr (release on parole)假释The board is going to parole Jim next week.委员会下周将假释吉姆。part from [sb] vi + prep (leave [sb]'s company)与…分开；与…离别The young woman parted from her parents and went out into the world.The lovers parted tearfully from one other.partner [sb] vtr (join with)与...作搭档He partnered his brother in the cooking contest.partner with [sb] vi + prep US (associate as partners)与…合作，与…合伙The sportswear company has partnered with a tech firm to develop a range of wearable devices.pasquinade [sb/sth] vtr literary (lampoon)写讽刺文章挖苦；写文章嘲讽pass [sb/sth] vtr (go past)经过；走过；路过The bus passed me without stopping.公交车从我身边开过，没有停车。pass [sb/sth] vtr (driving: overtake) (驾驶)超过；超...的车The racecar passed his opponent at the last minute to win the race.这辆赛车在最后关头超过对手，赢得比赛。pass [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (object: give, hand)把…递给He passed the pen to her.他把钢笔递给了她。pass [sb] vtr (movement: cross)经过；与...擦肩而过They passed each other while running errands this morning.pass [sb] vtr (examiner: give pass mark)让…通过考试；让…及格The student's grades were much better this year, so the teacher was happy to pass him.pass [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (ball: transfer to [sb]) (体育运动)把（球）传给He passed the basketball to his teammate, then his teammate shot it.他把球传给队友，随即队友就投篮了。pass for [sth/sb] vi + prep (be taken to be)被认作He could easily pass for his brother, they look so much alike.paste [sb/sth] vtr slang (hit)猛击；狠击Emma pasted George one right in the mouth.pat [sb] vtr (tap: on the back, head, etc.) (以示喜爱、安抚等)轻拍Becky started crying and Clive patted her on the shoulder in what he hoped was a comforting manner.贝基哭起来，克莱夫轻拍她的肩膀，希望这能给她一些安慰。pat [sb] on the back v expr figurative, informal (congratulate)恭喜..., 祝贺...pat [sb/sth] on the head v expr (touch gently on head)轻轻地拍…的头Rob patted his son on the head.patch [sb] through vtr + adv (telephone: connect to external line) (电话)给…转接Audrey is out of the office at the moment, but she's available on her mobile; I can patch you through if you like.奥德利暂时不在办公室，但可以通过手机联系到她，如果您需要，我可以给您转接。patch [sb] through to [sb/sth] v expr dated (telephone: connect to external line) (电话，过时用语)把…转接给，把…转到The operator patched me through to our London branch.电话操作员帮我转接了伦敦办事处。patch things up, patch it up (with [sb]) v expr informal, figurative (be reconciled)讲和；修好My friend and I had a fight, but we've patched things up now.patronize [sb], also UK: patronise [sb] vtr (treat [sb] condescendingly)屈尊俯就；以高人一等的态度对待Henry thinks he's so much better than Imogen; he's always patronising her.patronize [sth/sb], also UK: patronise [sth/sb] vtr (support, esp. financially)赞助；支援The foundation patronizes several young artists at a time.；pauperize [sb], also UK: pauperise [sb] vtr (make [sb] poor)使贫穷；使贫困pave the way for [sb] v expr figurative (be first to do) (比喻)为…铺平道路Pioneers in their covered wagons paved the way for settlers in the west.paw [sb] vtr figurative, informal (handle [sb] rudely) (口语)对…动手动脚，对…行为粗鲁My old boss was always pawing me.我老板年纪一大把，还总对我动手动脚。pawn in [sb]'s game n figurative (unimportant person) (比喻无关紧要的人)某人游戏中的小卒子，某人游戏中的棋子Fred thought he was playing an important role, but really he was just a pawn in Mr. Big's game.弗雷德以为自己扮演着重要角色，实际上不过是大佬们游戏中的一枚棋子。pawn [sth] off on [sb] v expr nonstandard (get rid of [sth] by giving it to [sb])把不要的...送给备注: See "palm off"pay [sb] [sth] vtr (offer money to)给...支付I'll pay you five dollars if you tell me where he went.他们每年支付6万美元工资。pay [sb] [sth] for [sth] vtr + prep (give money in exchange)给某人付（钱）买某物I'll pay you ten dollars for that shirt.我付你10美元买那件衬衣。pay [sb] to do [sth] v expr (offer money to do [sth])付钱给某人做某事They paid him to redecorate their house.他们付钱给他，让他重新装修他们的房子。pay [sb] [sth] to do [sth] v expr (give money in exchange)给某人…（钱）做某事My dad paid me five pounds to clean his car.我爸付我5英镑，让我给他洗车。pay [sth] (to [sb]) vtr (respects, tribute: show)致以（敬意）；表达（尊敬）He paid his respects to the king.他向国王致以敬意。pay [sb] a bribe v expr (persuade [sb] with money, etc.)贿赂I wonder if that cop will let me off without a ticket if I pay him a bribe?pay a call on [sb], pay [sb] a call v expr (visit)拜访The doctor will pay you a call tomorrow.pay [sb] a compliment v expr (make a flattering comment to)赞美，夸奖；恭维pay a courtesy call to [sb], pay [sb] a courtesy call v expr (make diplomatic visit)国事访问；外交访问pay [sb] a visit v expr (go and see [sb])去拜访某人；去看某人I haven't seen my parents since Christmas. It's time to pay them a visit.pay attention to [sb] v expr (listen to [sb])注意听…说；注意听…的话Pay attention to me when I'm trying to tell you something important.我试着告诉你一些重要的事情时，请注意听。pay [sb] back for [sth] v expr (return money borrowed from [sb])还…钱给某人I paid him back for the drinks he had bought us.我将他请我们喝酒的钱还了。pay [sb] back in his/her/their own coin v expr figurative (behave toward [sb] in a like way)以其人之道，还以其人之身pay homage to [sb/sth] vtr (show one's respect towards)向…表示敬意The worshippers paid homage to their leader.pay homage to [sb/sth] vtr (do [sth] as a tribute to)以…向…致敬Fans organized a candlelit vigil to pay homage to their fallen star.pay lip service to [sth/sb], pay [sth/sb] lip service v expr figurative (give superficial attention)口惠而实不至Obama paid lip service to closing Guantanamo, but he hasn't taken action yet.pay marked attentions to [sb] v expr (attempt to seduce) (求爱时)对…殷情备至pay tribute to [sb/sth] v expr (speak respectfully of)向…致敬Everyone paid tribute to the firemen's bravery in rescuing the child.pay your respects to [sb], pay your last respects to [sb], pay your final respects to [sb] v expr (honour [sb] who has died)向...告别；凭吊He went to the funeral to pay his last respects to his beloved teacher.他去了葬礼，向他挚爱的老师道别。pay your respects to [sb] v expr (greet [sb] courteously)（登门）问候…以示敬意While I'm visiting in town I should pay my respects to the mayor; he's an old friend of my father's.payable to [sb/sth] adj + prep (to be paid to a named person)支付给Please make your check payable to the organization, not to me directly.peck [sb] vtr (kiss lightly)轻轻一吻；匆匆一吻He just pecked me on the cheek and ran out the door.他在我的脸上轻轻吻了一下，然后飞奔出了门。peculiar to [sb/sth] adj + prep (unique to, characteristic of)是…特有的；是…独有的；专属于That expression is peculiar to British English; most Americans wouldn't understand it.那种表达法是英式英语中独有的，多数美国人听不懂。peep out at [sth/sb] v expr (look out furtively)偷窥...peeve [sb] vtr informal (annoy)惹恼；使愤怒It really peeves me when you bite your nails.你每次咬指甲都会让我特别生气。peg [sb] as [sth] vtr + prep informal, figurative (identify: [sb] as [sth])把…认定成Dorothy pegged Alan as a busybody.pelt [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr (bombard with [sth])用某物对…攻击The angry crowd began to pelt the police officers with rocks.pelt [sb/sth] vtr (bombard)向某人投掷以攻击，连续地向…投掷；抨击，激烈攻击An angry crowd of protesters armed with eggs pelted the politician as she fled.那位政客逃跑的时候，一群愤怒的抗议者向她投掷鸡蛋。penalize [sb], also UK: penalise [sb] vtr (punish [sb])处罚；判罚The school penalized students who were late to class by subtracting points from their grades.penalize [sb] for [sth], also UK: penalise [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (punish [sb] for [sth])为某事处罚某人We don't penalize children for creativity; we reward them.penalize [sb] for doing [sth], also UK: penalise [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (punish [sb] for doing [sth])为做了某事而处罚某人The store penalizes people for shoplifting by calling the police.penalize [sb], also UK: penalise [sb] vtr (subject to a disadvantage)使...处于不利地位；对...不利The austerity measures announced in the budget will penalise poorer families.penetrate [sb] vtr (insert penis into)过夫妻生活；过性生活The religious man refused to penetrate his fiance until they were married.perceive [sth/sb] vtr (with object: detect with the senses) (通过感官)察觉到，察觉出；感知到Jess perceived a tinge of regret in Simon's voice.杰西从西蒙的声音中察觉出一丝悔恨之意。perch [sb/sth] vtr (balance)把…放在…；把…放在…边缘The cocktail waiter perched a slice of lemon on the rim of the glass.The father lifted his daughter and perched her on a high branch of the tree.peripheralize [sth/sb] vtr (move [sth/sb] to outer area)使 ... 处于边缘；排斥perm [sb]'s hair vtr + n informal (put curls or waves in hair)烫发；卷发permit [sb] to do [sth] v expr (allow to do)允许某人做某事；准许某人做某事Lisa's parents permitted her to go to the party.丽莎的父母准许她去参加聚会。perpetrate [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep formal (do [sth] to [sb])对…做；犯罪The victims were awarded compensation for the violence that had been perpetrated on them.perplex [sb] vtr (puzzle, mystify)迷惑；使困惑My wife's strange, quiet behavior perplexed me.persecute [sb] vtr (harass, oppress)迫害In the early days of Christianity, Romans persecuted Christians.persecute [sb] for [sth] v expr (oppress because of)因…迫害The regime persecuted people for holding liberal views.persecute [sb] vtr (pester)骚扰；纠缠；打扰Frankie persecuted her brother until he started screaming at her.persist (with [sb]) vi (person: be insistent) (人)坚持要求；持续要求I usually get my way if I persist with him long enough.persuade [sb] vtr (cause to do)劝服；说服；使信服Robert didn't want to go to the party, but Alex managed to persuade him.罗伯特不想去参加聚会，但亚历克斯想办法说服了他。persuade [sb] to do [sth] v expr (cause to do)促使某人做某事；使得某人做某事；说服某人做某事Wendy persuaded Paula to ask the boss for a pay rise.温蒂说服了宝拉去跟老板要求加薪。persuade [sb], persuade [sb] that vtr (with clause: convince) (后接从句)说服，使…相信Alice persuaded Emily that she was telling the truth.爱丽丝使艾米丽相信自己说得是实话。persuade [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (convince)使某人相信某事；说服某人相信某事Mark persuaded Olivia of the truth of his argument.马克说服奥利维亚相信他论据的真实性。perturb [sb] vtr (trouble, disturb)扰乱；使…沮丧；使…困扰Getting fired from his new job perturbed Robert greatly.pervert [sb] vtr (corrupt)腐蚀；使堕落Priests were accused of perverting young men in their care.pester, pester [sb] vtr (annoy, bother)打扰；纠缠Don't pester your brother while he's studying.pester [sb] for [sth] v expr (keep asking [sb] for [sth])缠着…索取The children pestered their mother for candy.pester [sb] to do [sth] v expr (keep insisting that [sb] do [sth])喋喋不休地让某人做某事The wife pestered her husband to take out the trash.pet [sb] vtr (person: treat well)对…溺爱；宠爱备注: Often used in the passive.Elizabeth was coddled and petted throughout her childhood.伊丽莎白的整个童年都受到宠爱娇养。petition [sb] for [sth] vtr (law: request)向…申请；向…请愿The lawyer petitioned the president for a pardon.petition [sb], petition [sb] to do [sth] vtr (make formal request to)向…提出...的正式请求；向...申请做某事Parents petitioned the principal to cancel the assembly.petrify [sb/sth] vtr figurative (terrify)吓呆；吓傻； (比喻极为恐惧)令...石化petrify [sb/sth] vtr (turn to stone)使石化，使变成石头phone [sb] vtr informal (call on the telephone) (非正式用语)打电话给；与…通电话She phoned me yesterday.她昨天给我打了电话。photobomb [sth/sb] vtr informal (appear in photo as prank)抢...的镜头photograph [sth/sb] vtr (take photo of)给…拍照；为…摄影Sophie photographed the mountains.索菲拍下群山的照片。physic [sb] vtr archaic (treat medically)医治；治疗The doctor physicked the woman and saved her life.pick [sth] with [sb] vtr + prep (fight, quarrel: provoke with [sb])挑起与...的争端；故意与...争吵Please stop picking quarrels with your sister.You don't want to pick a fight with that guy—he's twice your size!拜托，不要再跟你妹妹故意吵架了。那人的体型比你大一倍，你可不要故意去惹他！pick [sth/sb] apart v expr (find many faults with)严厉批评pick [sth/sb] over [sth/sb] vtr + prep (choose [sth/sb] over [sth/sb] else)选择...而不选...；选择...而非...I still don't understand why she picked him over me.pick pockets, pick [sb]'s pockets, pick [sb]'s pocket v expr (steal money from [sb])扒窃；扒…的口袋The thief picked the passengers' pockets.pick [sb]'s brain, pick [sb]'s brains v expr figurative (ask [sb] a question) (比喻)向…请教，征求…的想法Can I pick your brain for a minute?pickaback [sb/sth] vtr informal, dated (piggyback [sb/sth])背着pickpocket [sb] vtr (steal from [sb]'s pockets)扒窃…的财物Somebody pickpocketed me on the train when I wasn't looking.pierce [sb]'s ears vtr (make holes in: earlobes)给某人打耳洞，给某人的耳朵打洞My mother pierced my ears when I was thirteen.我十三岁时，我妈就给我打了耳洞pigeonhole [sb/sth], also UK: pigeon-hole [sb/sth] vtr figurative (categorize)分类The baseball coach pigeonholed his pitchers and wouldn't let them play other positions.棒球教练将投手分在一起，不允许他们打其他位置。pigeonhole [sb/sth] as [sth], also UK: pigeon-hole [sb/sth] as [sth] vtr + prep figurative (categorize as)轻率分类；主观划分；贸然归类The media pigeonholed the demonstrators as "communists and anarchists."媒体将示威者一股脑地归为“共产主义者和无政府暴徒”。piggyback [sb/sth] vtr informal (carry on the back)扛着；背着Hop on; I'll piggyback you to school today.pile [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep figurative, informal (work, etc.: impose on)给某人增加某事的工作量Our maths teacher is piling the homework on us this term; I'm struggling to keep up.；pillory [sb] vtr (hold up to ridicule)使受到大众的嘲笑； (比喻)给...上枷刑示众The schoolboys pilloried the new girl.pilot [sth/sb] vtr figurative (lead, guide)引领；领导Amy piloted the company through a difficult first year.pimp [sb] vtr (prostitution)为…拉皮条；为（妓女）拉客Neil pimps ten prostitutes.尼尔为十个妓女拉皮条。pin [sth/sb] vtr figurative (prevent from moving)制服；固定；压住；使...无法动弹The police officer pinned the suspect to the ground.Harry was pinned under the wreckage.pin [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep figurative, informal (blame)因为…怪罪…，把…推给…； (书面语)把…归咎于…I didn't break the glass; don't try to pin that on me.pin [sb] down vtr + adv (hold on the ground)使…动弹不得The police officer wrestled the thief to the ground and pinned him down until backup arrived.警察把小偷摔倒在地，压制住他，等待后援到来。pinch [sb/sth] vtr (squeeze with fingers)拧；捏Nancy pinched the baby's cheek.南希捏了捏宝宝的脸颊。pinch [sb] vtr informal (arrest) (非正式用语)逮捕The police pinched Ben trying to steal wine from the local supermarket.pinch [sb] vtr (shoes, clothes: be tight)让...觉得紧； (指衣物过紧)夹These shoes are pinching me.pinch [sb] vtr usually passive (affect with discomfort)使感到拮据；使不舒服；使苦恼Many households have been pinched by the recession.pinch [sb/sth] vtr (squeeze with fingers)掐疼；拧疼Michael pinched his little sister and made her cry.pinch-hit for [sb] vi + prep (baseball: substitute for [sb] at bat) (棒球术语)替补The rookie was put in the line-up to pinch-hit for the pitcher in the ninth inning.pinch-hit for [sb] vi + prep US, figurative (substitute for another)代替；给...当替补pine for [sb/sth] vi + prep (be nostalgic, long for)怀念，思念；渴盼Now that Tom is a teenager, his parents pine for the days when he wasn't so moody.现在汤姆是个十多岁的青少年，他的父母怀念过去他情绪波动不那么大的日子。pine for [sb] vi + prep (animal: grieve, miss [sb]) (动物)怀念，痛苦地思念The dogs are pining for their owner, who died three days ago.这些狗非常怀念它们三天前去世的主人。pinion [sb] vtr figurative (person: restrain arms)束缚Never pinion someone who is having a seizure.pinion [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep figurative (person: pin against)固定在…；固定住The police officer pinioned the criminal to the ground.pink-slip [sb] vtr US, informal (fire)解雇；开除pip [sb] vtr informal, figurative (defeat at the last moment) (非正式用语)险胜；在最后一刻击败The race was almost over when the runner who had been in second position pipped the world record holder to come in first.pique [sb] vtr (offend, upset)使恼怒；使不安pique [sb]'s curiosity, pique the curiosity of [sb] v expr (make curious)激发好奇心；引起好奇pique [sb]'s interest, pique the interest of [sb] v expr (interest)激起...的兴趣Your mention of a job vacancy has really piqued my interest.pistol-whip [sb] vtr (beat [sb] with a firearm)用手枪柄打pit [sb/sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep (set to compete or fight)让…与…较量This match pits the titleholder against a complete unknown.pitch [sb/sth] vtr (toss, throw)扔向；丢向；摇荡The gale pitched him off his feet.那阵风把他刮倒在地。pitted against [sb] adj + prep (in competition with)与…竞争；与…竞赛pitting [sb/sth] against [sb]/ [sth] n (placing in opposition)使...相竞争；使...对立；使...相较量pity [sb] vtr (feel compassion for) (表示同情)同情, 怜惜, 可怜I pity those who are young when their parents die.我同情那些年轻时父母就去世的人。pivot on [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (have as its determining factor)以…为中心；以…为重心The outcome of this project pivots on a few essential tasks.placate [sb/sth] vtr (pacify)抚慰；安抚；使平静Justin tried to placate the baby by giving her more and more candy.place [sb] in [sth] vtr (put: person in situation)让某人置于某种处境His action placed her in danger.place [sb] vtr (child: for adoption)安置；让...领养The child was placed with a family in another city.place [sb] vtr (rank)对…排名；对…进行排位I would place him in the top ten players of all time.place [sb] vtr (enrol: in a school, institution)送…就读；让...上（学校等）They placed her in one of the country's finest schools.place [sb] vtr (employment)雇用；给…提供职位The job agency placed him almost immediately.place [sb] in [sth], place [sb] as [sth] vtr (appoint)任命...为；指定...为；委派...做They placed him as head of the new sales team.place [sth], place [sth] for [sb] vtr (call) (电话)打给；致电Shall I place the call for you?place [sb/sth] vtr (identify)辩认出；认出This actor looks very familiar but I just can't place him.这个男演员看起来很眼熟，不过我就是认不出来。plagiarize [sb], also UK: plagiarise [sb] vtr (copy [sb]'s work) (后接人)剽窃，抄袭The graduate student plagiarized a famous professor.plague [sb/sth] vtr figurative, often passive (afflict)折磨；困扰That country has been plagued by misfortune.那个国家多灾多难。plague [sb] vtr figurative (bother persistently)烦扰；不停叨扰The new trainee is always plaguing the boss with questions.那位新实习生就像十万个为什么，天天缠着老板问问题。plant [sth/sb] vtr (place as a spy) (间谍等)安插The enemy wants to plant spies in our government.plash [sb/sth] vtr (splash with water) (水)飞溅，溅vplaster [sb] vtr figurative, slang (defeat)彻底打败；重创The home team plastered their opponents.plaster [sb] vtr figurative, slang (hurt, knock down)撞伤；打击The titleholder is plastering the challenger.play [sb] vtr (act the role of)演绎（角色）；扮演（角色）Who wants to play Lady Macbeth?谁想来扮演麦克白夫人？play [sb] vtr (compete against)与...比赛；与...竞争No one wants to play him because he never loses.play [sb] vtr informal (deceive)欺骗…，骗…Kate didn't realize the man she'd met on a dating site was playing her until she'd spent half her savings on him.play ball with [sb] v expr (throw, catch a ball with [sb])和...打球My son often plays ball with the boy from next door.play ball with [sb] v expr figurative (co-operate with [sb])与...合作The company needs smart people who can play ball with our software development team.play into [sb]'s hands v expr (unknowingly do what [sb] wanted)让……占便宜；落入...的圈套play into the hands of [sb], play into [sb]'s hands v expr (give [sb] an advantage)正中你下怀play second fiddle, play second fiddle to [sb] v expr figurative (be considered less important)当...的副手；位于...之后She always played second fiddle to her talented older sister.play the part of [sb] v expr (act the role of)扮演…的角色； (比喻)扮演…的角色，发挥…的作用Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman starred in "Casablanca", and Dooley Wilson played the part of Sam.play tricks on [sb] v expr informal (deceive)欺骗；捉弄plead with [sb] vi + prep (beg, beseech)恳求某人；向某人恳求The hostage pleaded with her captor for mercy.please [sb] vtr (make happy)使高兴；使满意；讨好My darling, I just want to please you.亲爱的，我只是想让你高兴。please [sb] vtr (satisfy)使满意；使高兴I work so hard, but none of it ever pleases him.我那样努力，他却从来都不满意。be pleased with [sth/sb] adj + prep (happy with)对...满意的；对...高兴的；对...满足的The boss was pleased with Natalie's work.老板对娜塔莉的工作很满意。pleasure [sb] vtr (please sexually)使性欲满足A considerate man will find new ways of pleasuring his lover.一位体贴的男士总是会想办法满足自己的爱人。pledge [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (promise)向...以...发誓；向...以...立誓；向...以...起誓Glenn pledged his heart to Emma.格伦向艾玛发誓自己是真心的。pledge [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (bind to a promise)使…保证…Amanda pledged everyone to secrecy.阿曼达要求每个人都保密。pledge allegiance to [sb/sth], swear allegiance v expr (promise to be loyal to [sb], [sth])宣誓效忠于pluck [sth/sb] out of [sth] vtr + prep (remove, take out)将...从...中拉出；将...从...中救出Jeremy reached out and plucked the child out of the pond.杰里米将那个小孩从池塘中拉了出来。plunge [sb/sth] into [sth] vi + prep figurative (place [sb/sth] in a situation) (某种境遇或环境)使自己陷入，落入During the power cut, all the houses in our street were plunged into darkness.The recession plunged Abigail into debt.ply [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (offer a lot of alcohol, etc.)不断地供给某人酒食They plied me with wine before they broke the news to me.ply [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (barrage with questions)不断质问某人某事Stop plying me with questions!PM [sb], pm [sb] vtr initialism, informal (send [sb] a private message)给…发私信poach [sb] vtr figurative (steal: customers, staff, etc.) (顾客、员工等)挖走, 挖That new tech company poached their software engineers from a rival firm.那家新科技公司从对手那里挖来软件工程师。pocket-dial [sb/sth] vtr mainly US, informal (phone by accident)放在口袋里误拨出pockmark [sth/sb] vtr (scar or pit)使...布满疤痕, 使...布满麻点point [sth] at [sb] vtr (aim)将...瞄准；用...对准Don't point that knife at me.point [sb] to [sth] vtr (direct)给...指出She pointed us to the door.她指给了我们门的位置。point your finger at [sb], point the finger at [sb] vtr informal, figurative (accuse)指责，责怪When the money went missing, my colleagues all pointed their fingers at me.poison [sb/sth] vtr (give poison to)毒害，毒死，给…下毒；在…中下毒The wicked queen poisoned Snow White. Somebody has been poisoning cats in my neighbourhood.恶毒的皇后毒死了白雪公主。有人在我们小区给猫下毒。poke [sb/sth] vtr (jab with finger) (用手指)刺；戳Charlotte poked Adam to get his attention.夏洛特戳了戳亚当，吸引他的注意。poke [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (jab with [sth] pointed) (用尖头的物品)捅, 戳, 刺She poked him with her umbrella to wake him.她用雨伞戳醒了他。poke [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (jab somewhere with [sth] pointed)在…上戳；在…上捅Don't poke anyone in the eye with that stick.别用那根棍子戳任何人的眼睛。poke [sb] vtr (on Facebook) (在Facebook上)打招呼Henry poked Gary on Facebook.亨利在脸书上和加里打招呼。poke [sb] vtr slang, vulgar (have sex with)与…发生性关系Do you think Barry's poking his new assistant?poke [sb] vtr slang (digitally penetrate)与…指交；用手指插入…的阴部Ian slipped his hand inside Sonia's knickers and poked her.poke fun at [sb] v expr informal (mock [sb])拿…打趣，嘲笑，戏弄poleax [sb] (US), poleaxe [sb] (UK) vtr (strike down with axe)用斧砍倒...poleax [sb] (US), poleaxe [sb] (UK) vtr figurative, often passive (shock)用战斧攻击，劈，砍倒vtrVeronica was poleaxed by the news.police [sb/sth] vtr (keep [sth], [sb] under police control)动用警力维持…的治安The riot squad policed the crowd.police [sb/sth] vtr (patrol [sth], monitor [sb])保卫…的安全；维持...的治安The soldiers policed the area.poll [sb] vtr (survey opinions)对…进行民意调查The magazine polled one hundred people to find out what they thought about climate change.该杂志对100个人进行了调查，了解他们对气候变化的看法。；pollute [sth/sb] vtr figurative (corrupt morally) (比喻：败坏道德)污染，玷污，腐化These images will pollute the minds of children.poop [sb] vtr mainly US, usually passive, informal (exhaust)使疲劳；使精疲力尽Margery was pooped by her long day at work.pork [sb] vtr vulgar, slang (have sexual intercourse with)与…性交Rumour has it that Joe is porking Cathy.portray [sb/sth] vtr (depict)描写；描绘The painting portrays a boy eating his lunch.那幅画描绘的是一个吃午餐的男孩。portray [sb] vtr (represent in theatre)扮演；演He portrayed the professor in the play.pose as [sth/sb] vi + prep (pretend to be)假装；佯作；佯装Charlie isn't really a pilot; he's just posing as one.Julie posed as her sister Emma to try to get access to Emma's bank accounts.pose [sb/sth] vtr (position for a picture, etc.) (为拍照等)使…摆好姿势The photographer posed his subjects.pose a risk to [sb/sth], pose a threat to [sb/sth] v expr (endanger)对…构成风险，对…构成危险Neil's reckless behaviour poses a risk to everyone on the team.position [sth/sb] vtr (put in place)停放；放置Prudence positioned the vase of flowers in the centre of the table.The artist positioned his model in the exact pose he wanted to paint.普鲁登斯将花瓶放在桌子中央。那位艺术家让模特摆出自己想画的姿势。position [sth/sb] vtr (arrange to advantage)给...铺好道路；给...奠定成功的基础This merger positions the company to become the market leader.position [sth/sb] as [sth] vtr (product, business: identify as) (产品等)将...定位为The chef is positioning his new restaurant as a gourmet dining venue.The company is positioning its product as this season's must-have gadget.position [sb/sth] as [sth] vtr + prep (regard or portray as)将...定位为；将...表现为Traditional fairy tales often position the stepmother as a villain.possess [sb] vtr (demon, spirit: inhabit) (妖怪、恶灵等)缠住，迷惑住In the Middle Ages, it was often thought that demons were possessing people who were actually suffering from mental illnesses.中世纪时，人们一度认为，那些实际罹患精神疾病的人是被魔鬼缠住了。possess [sb] vtr (emotion: take control of) (情感)控制A cold fury possessed Martha.一阵冰冷的怒火控制住了玛莎。possess [sb] vtr usually passive (influence, make)影响；促使What on earth possessed you to make all this mess?post [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep often passive (assign [sb] to a station)派遣（某人）到（某岗位）The enlisted man was posted to a sniper unit near the town.这位应征入伍的士兵被派遣到了小镇附近的一个狙击小队中。post [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (assign [sb] to a job)分配（某人）到…工作She was posted from headquarters to a field office.她被调离了总部，分配到一个外地办事处工作。post bail for [sb] v expr (pay for [sb]'s release from prison)为...支付保释金The thief sits in jail because no one would post bail for him.pother [sb] vtr (agitate, trouble)使烦躁不安npotty train [sb], potty-train [sb] vtr (teach to use the toilet)如厕训练pounce on [sb/sth] vi + prep (jump upon prey, enemy)猛扑向；忽然袭击The fox pounced on the rabbit and carried it off.The officer pounced on the gunman and disarmed him.pour [sb] [sth] vtr (drink: serve [sb])给某人倒（酒）；为某人斟（酒)She poured me a glass of water.她为我倒了一杯水。pour your heart out, pour your heart out to [sb] v expr figurative (confide in [sb])对…推心置腹When she split up from her boyfriend, she poured her heart out to me.power [sth/sb] vtr figurative (drive, give energy to)使有力量；使强大The midfielder powered the winning football team to victory.中场球员使整个团队强大起来，带领他们取得了胜利。A pox on [sb/sth]! interj dated or humorous (curse [sb/sth])诅咒praise [sb] vtr (speak highly of [sb])赞扬, 表扬She was praised for her volunteer work.她做义工受到了表扬。praise [sb] vtr (worship)赞颂, 崇拜, 膜拜Let us all praise the Lord.prank [sb] vtr mainly US, informal (play a practical joke on)对…搞恶作剧；开…的玩笑Susie pranked her brother by replacing his toothpaste tube with shaving cream.为了开自己哥哥的玩笑，苏西把他的牙膏换成了剃须膏。pray to [sth/sb] vi + prep (call upon: god)向…祈祷；向…祷告The Maya prayed to many gods and goddesses.玛雅人向许多神祗和女神祈祷。pray for [sb/sth] vi + prep (ask god to help)为…祈祷At church on Sunday, I prayed for my sick neighbor.星期天在教堂里，我为自己生病的邻居祈祷。preach to [sb] vi + prep (priest, minister: to congregation) (牧师等)向…布道，向…传道The vicar is preaching to the congregation.牧师正在向教众布道。preach at [sb] vi + prep (tell [sb] how to live)对…进行说教；说教…Robert told his father to stop preaching at him.precede [sb/sth] vtr (lead, go ahead of)在…前面；领先于William preceded his wife down the dark street.preclude [sb] from doing [sth] v expr (exclude from doing)阻止某人做某事；妨碍某人做某事Susan's condition precludes her from taking strenuous exercise.苏珊的身体情况不允许她进行激烈的体育运动。predate [sth/sb] vtr (prey on)掠夺；捕食predecease [sb] vtr (die before)先于…死去； (比喻死亡)比...先走predestine [sb] for [sth] vtr often passive (destine [sb] for [sth])预先确定；事先决定predispose, predispose [sb] to [sth], predispose [sb] towards [sth] vtr + prep (make likely or inclined)使某人（预先）倾向于；使某人偏向于；让某人有...的倾向Although genetic factors predispose me to diabetes, I haven't developed the disease.predispose [sb] to do [sth], predispose [sb] towards doing [sth] v expr (make likely to do)使...倾向于做...preempt [sb], pre-empt [sb] vtr (act before [sb] else)抢在…之前做；先发制人I was about to make a suggesting during the company meeting, but my coworker preempted me.prefer [sth/sb] vtr (like better)更喜欢；宁愿Do you prefer apples or oranges? Which would you prefer for lunch - soup or sandwiches?你更喜欢苹果还是橘子？prefer [sth/sb] to [sth/sb] vtr + prep (like better than)相对于…更喜欢, 相对于…偏好I prefer blues music to jazz.相对于爵士乐，我更喜欢蓝调音乐。pregnant with [sb] adj + prep (be expecting a baby)怀着…的；怀有…的My best friend is pregnant with her first child.我最好的朋友正怀着她第一个孩子。prejudge, prejudge [sb], prejudge [sth] vtr (form an uninformed opinion of)预判，预断；过早断定，提前判断I'm sorry I prejudged you; you are actually a very nice person.prejudice against [sb/sth] n (bias: hostility)对…的偏见We should distinguish between prejudice against people and active discrimination.我们应当将对人们的偏见和主动歧视区分开来。prejudice [sb] vtr (bias)让…产生偏见，使…怀有成见The judge warned the prosecutor not to make any more remarks that might prejudice the jury.法官警告公诉人不得再发表任何可能让陪审团产生偏见的言论。prejudice [sb] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep (make hostile to)使…产生不利于…的偏见The influence of the extreme right wing has prejudiced the party's more moderate elements against ethnic minorities.极右势力的影响使党派中较为持中的分子也产生了不利于少数民族的偏见。prejudice [sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep (bias against)使…对…产生偏见；使…对…带有偏见The negative reports have prejudiced public opinion against the actor.这些负面报道使公众舆论对该演员产生了偏见。prejudice [sth] against [sb] vtr + prep (case: damage, harm) (法律)给某人某事带来损害，对某人某事造成不利Media coverage is thought to have prejudiced the case against him.人们认为，媒体报道给他的案子带来了损害。preoccupy, preoccupy [sb] vtr (worry, concern)挂牵；念念不忘Don't preoccupy yourself with other people's problems.preoccupy, preoccupy [sb] vtr (obsess)使…全神贯注；使…着迷；迷住The newest trends in music and fashion preoccupy me.prep [sb] vtr informal, abbreviation (prepare for surgery)为…作手术前准备Has the patient in 4C been prepped yet?4C的病人做好术前准备了吗？prep [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep informal, abbreviation (prepare for [sth])使…准备好；使某人为某事做好准备The teacher is prepping the students for the test.老师让学生们为考试做好准备。prepare [sb] (for [sth]) vtr ([sb]: make ready)使…准备好；使…做好准备Nothing could have prepared me for the sight that greeted me when I opened the door.我根本没有做好准备，接受一开门看见的一幕。prepossess [sb] vtr (preoccupy)吸引vtr；迷住prepossess [sb] vtr (impress)给...留下好印象preregister [sb] vtr (sign [sb] up for [sth])预注册vtr；预先登记preregister [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (sign [sb] up in advance)为...提前报名prescribe [sth] for [sb] vtr + prep (medication: authorize for [sb])给某人开处方My doctor prescribed antibiotics for me when I had an infection.我感染后，医生给我开了抗生素。preselect [sth/sb], pre-select vtr (choose [sth/sb] in advance)预选，预先选择present [sb] vtr (person: introduce)介绍；引见Dad, allow me to present my boss, Mr. Smith.爸爸，让我向你介绍一下我的老板，史密斯先生。present [sb] to [sb] vtr + prep formal (person: introduce to [sb])介绍, 引见Governor, may I present Mr. Johnson to you?州长阁下，我可以向您引见约翰逊先生吗？present [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (confer, give to)把…授予...It gives me great pleasure to present this award to you.我很荣幸把这份奖项授予你。present [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (give as a gift)送…礼物They presented a bouquet of flowers to the winner.present [sb] with [sth] vtr (give)赠与；赠送For his years of service, they presented him with a gold watch.由于他长年累月的效力，他们赠予他一块金表。present [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (plan, idea: introduce) (计划、想法等)向…描述, 向…介绍He presented his plan to increase sales to his co-workers.他向同事们介绍增加销量的计划。present [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (perform for [sb])为…表演；为…呈上We are proud to present the play "Hamlet" to you tonight.今晚，我们很荣幸为各位呈上戏剧《哈姆雷特》。present [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (provide, furnish with)向某人提供某物；向某人展示某物press [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (beg, entreat)恳求；请求He pressed the court for a decision.press [sb] to do [sth] v expr (hurry)敦促；催促Gabrielle pressed her assistant to finish addressing the envelopes.press [sb] to do [sth] v expr (harass)催逼；逼迫；紧逼The bill collector presses debtors to pay, calling at all hours of the day.press [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (hurry)催促某人某事；敦促某人某事Time is running out, I'll have to press you for an answer.就要没时间了，我必须催促你给出答案了。press charges against [sb] v expr (accuse [sb] formally)控告；将...告上法庭The mining company pressed charges against the strikers.press [sth] upon [sb], press [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep (pressure [sb] to accept [sth])逼迫...接受Julie didn't want to take the money, but her mother pressed it on her.press-gang [sb] vtr figurative (forcefully persuade [sb])迫使Rachel didn't really want to go on the trip, but the others press-ganged her.press-gang [sb] into doing [sth] vtr figurative (forcefully persuade [sb] to do [sth])迫使某人做某事Louis was press-ganged into organizing the children's party.pressure [sb] vtr figurative (coerce)迫使；对…施加压力I'll tell you when I'm ready; don't pressure me!勒内强迫迈克参加婚礼。pressure [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep figurative (coerce)迫使…进入；把…强加于She was pressured into marriage when she was too young.她还十分年轻时就被迫成婚了。pressure [sb] into doing [sth] v expr figurative (coerce)迫使某人做某事The older kids pressured Ben into stealing some candy.那些大孩子迫使本去偷糖果。pressure [sb] to do [sth] v expr figurative (coerce)强迫某人做某事The salesman pressured his customer to buy.销售人员强迫顾客购买。pressurize [sb], also UK: pressurise [sb] vtr (harass, coerce [sb])对…施加压力；迫使Erin pressurized her boyfriend to get married.pressurize [sb] into [sth], also UK: pressurise [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (coerce [sb] into [sth])迫使某人进入某种状态Jeffery pressurized his wife into motherhood when she was not ready.pressurize [sb] into doing [sth], also UK: pressurise [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (coerce [sb] into doing [sth])迫使某人做某事The schoolboys pressurized Danny into playing a prank on their teacher.pretend to be [sb/sth] v expr (playact, imagine)扮成, 扮作She pretended to be a princess.她将自己扮成一位公主。prettify [sth/sb] vtr (adorn, make pretty)装点vtr；装饰prevail over [sth/sb] vi + prep (triumph over, be greater than)战胜；胜过The center-right party prevailed over the Socialists in the latest elections.在最近的选举中，右倾党派战胜了社会主义党派。prevail over [sth/sb] vi + prep (win over other options)占…的上风，胜过，战胜Maggie and Linda couldn't decide what car to buy, but finally, the Audi prevailed over the Renault.麦琪和琳达难以决定该买什么样的车，不过最后奥迪还是战胜了雷诺。prevail on [sb] to do [sth], prevail upon v expr (persuade: [sb] to do [sth])劝说；说服He prevailed on the jury to hear of his innocence, but they labelled him guilty anyway.他劝说陪审团自己是无辜的，但陪审团依旧认定他有罪。prevent [sb] doing [sth], prevent [sb] from doing [sth] v expr (stop: [sb] doing [sth])阻止某人做某事；使某人不能做某事The police officer prevented her from entering the building.那名警察阻止她进入大楼。prey on [sb], prey upon [sb] vi + prep figurative (person: victimize)伤害；折磨；损害Bullies prey on the weak.霸凌者一般都会去伤害弱者。prey on [sth/sb], prey upon [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (worry, preoccupy)烦扰，折磨，使…痛苦The thought of my upcoming appointment preyed on my mind. The stress of his financial worries was preying upon Carl.即将到来的预约萦绕在我脑海，烦扰着我。对自己财务状况的担忧带来的压力折磨着卡尔。price [sb] out of [sth] v expr often passive (exclude through rising costs)价格太高导致某人买不起某物prick [sth/sb] vtr (sharp point: puncture)刺伤；刺破；戳伤The pin pricked Martha's finger.别针刺伤了玛莎的指头。prick [sb/sth] vtr (cause emotional pain) (感情等)伤害；刺痛The sight of such misery pricked his heart.Eddie was pricked by feelings of guilt over the way he had treated his ex-wife.这番悲惨的景象刺痛了他的心。// 艾迪从前对待妻子不好，现在被负罪感刺痛。prickle [sb/sth] vtr (cause to tingle, itch)刺痛；引起刺痛This scarf is prickling my neck.prime [sb] vtr (prepare [sb])使…准备好；使…做好准备Bethany wants to get into Oxbridge, so her teacher is priming her.prime [sb] for [sth] vtr (prepare [sb] for [sth])使…为…做好准备Bethany's teacher is priming her for her Oxbridge entrance exam.prioritize [sth/sb], also UK: prioritise [sth/sb] vtr (put first)优先考虑We need to prioritize discussion of our budget at the next meeting.下次开会，我们要优先考虑讨论我们的预算。prioritize [sth/sb] over [sth/sb], also UK: prioritise [sth/sb] over [sth/sb] vtr + prep (put before [sth] or [sb] else)把…置于…之前Andrew has to prioritize work over spending time with his family when he has an important deadline to meet.如果有重要的工期要赶，安德鲁会优先选择工作，无法陪伴家人。private-message [sb] vtr informal (Internet: send [sb] a private message)发私信；传送私人消息privilege [sb] vtr (put at an advantage)使…处于优势地位She's beautiful, rich and healthy. Life has really privileged her.她美丽、富有又健康。生活实在是使她处于优势地位。privilege [sb] over [sb] vtr + prep (favor, prefer)认为…比…更有优势Do you think the interviewers privileged you over the other candidates because you're male?你是否觉得，采访者之所以认为你比其他候选人更有优势，是因为你是男人？prize [sth] out of [sb], pry [sth] out of [sb] (US), prise [sth] out of [sb] (UK) v expr figurative (information: extract from [sb]) (信息、秘密等)从…口中撬出Paisley didn't want to give away Imogen's secret, but her colleagues prized it out of her.probe [sth/sb] vtr (medical: examine by touching) (用探针等)探测，探查The doctor probes the wound to see if there are any signs of infection.医生用探针探查伤口，看是否有任何感染迹象。probe [sb] vtr (ask questions)盘问，盘查The investigators probed Nathan for hours, trying to find out what he knew.调查人员盘问了内森好几个小时，试图查出他知道的事情。probe [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (question)询问；探究；深查The prosecutor probed the witness for information.公诉人询问目击证人以获得信息。process [sth/sb] vtr (handle systematically)按程序办理；按程序处理The immigrants were processed at the airport.process [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep often passive (serve a summons) (法院传票)把…送达He was processed with a summons to appear in court by the police.警方把法院传票送达给他。procure [sb] vtr (prostitute)介绍娼妓；拉皮条The gang has reportedly been procuring young girls for wealthy businessmen.prod [sb/sth] vtr (poke)刺；戳；捅Prod him with your elbow and he'll wake up.prod [sb] to do [sth], prod [sb] into doing [sth] v expr figurative (prompt to do [sth])督促某人做某事Mary resents having to prod her son to finish his homework.prod [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep figurative (prompt, incite)刺激, 怂恿, 推动It's going to take more than that to prod them into action.profile [sb] vtr (collect information about)对…进行侧写The police are profiling the killer.警方正在对凶手进行侧写。profile [sth/sb] vtr (describe)描述，描绘，介绍The book profiles several stars of Hollywood's golden age.这本书描述了好莱坞黄金时代的几位明星。prohibit [sb] from doing [sth] v expr (forbid)阻止；禁止The police prohibited me from entering the building.project [sth], project [sth] onto [sb] vtr (emotion: attribute to [sb] else)把（感情等）投射到Heather projected her fear of dogs onto her son, who actually liked them.希瑟把自己对犬类的恐惧投射在了她儿子身上，而她儿子原本是喜欢狗的。promise [sb] that vtr (with clause: commit to doing)允诺；向…做保证I promised my mom that I would buy postage stamps today.我向妈妈做了保证，今天我会买些邮票。promise [sb] [sth] vtr (with object: commit to)向…承诺…My parents have promised me a bike for Christmas.我父母向我承诺圣诞节送我一辆自行车。promote [sb] vtr (employee: give higher position)提拔；晋升The director wants to promote me to management.主管想把我提升为管理人员。promote [sb/sth] vtr (support)推举Our party tries to promote the candidate.promote [sb] vtr US (move up to the next school grade) (指学生)使...升级The fourth grade students were promoted to the fifth grade.promote [sb/sth] vtr (sports team)大力宣传；使...晋级； (俚语)力挺The fans promote the team enthusiastically.promote [sb] over [sb] vtr (promote [sb] else instead)提拔…而非…He was really sad after finding out that his boss had promoted John over him.当得知老板提拔了约翰而非自己时，他十分沮丧。prompt [sb] vtr (give a cue to [sb])提醒When Ian forgot his line, the stage manager prompted him.伊安忘记了自己的台词，所以舞台总监提醒了他一下。prompt [sb] vtr (refresh [sb]'s memory)提示；提醒When Gary couldn't remember the word, his teacher prompted him.当盖里记不住那个单词的时候，老师提示了他一下。prompt [sb] to do [sth] v expr (encourage [sb] to do [sth])鼓励某人做某事；激励某人做某事It was James's mother who prompted him to apply for university courses.是詹姆士的母亲鼓励了他申请大学。prop [sth/sb] against [sth] vtr + prep (lean for support)支撑；支持Ursula propped the spade against the wall while she put the plant into the hole she had just dug.乌尔苏拉把铲子支在墙边，将植物栽进刚刚挖好的坑里。propagandize [sb/sth], also UK: propagandise [sb/sth] vtr (subject to propaganda)宣传...propel [sb/sth] vtr (move forward)推动…前进，推进What propels these tiny creatures through the water?是什么推动着这些微小的生物在水中前进？propel [sb/sth] vtr figurative (drive, push) (比喻)驱动，驱使，推动She was propelled to stardom almost overnight.她几乎是在一夜之间被推上了明星的宝座。propitiate [sb] vtr (placate, appease)劝解vtr；安抚；安慰propose to [sb] vi + prep (ask to marry)向…求婚He proposed to me on the beach at midnight.他午夜时在海滩上向我求婚。propose [sb] vtr (nominate, suggest)推荐；提出；提名The company was looking for a new finance director, and the head of HR proposed Emily.proposition [sb] vtr (propose sex)向…求欢Sheila propositioned Brad, but he wasn't interested.prosecute [sb] vtr (take [sb] to court for a crime) (人)对...提起公诉；对...提起刑事诉讼The Crown Prosecution Service took the decision to prosecute the driver, as he had been drunk at the time of the accident.皇家检控署决定起诉司机，因为他在事故发生时属于醉酒状态。prostitute [sb] vtr (make [sb] perform sex work)让...卖淫Len needed money and couldn't find a job, so he prostituted his wife.protect [sth/sb] vtr (defend from attack)保护；保卫The bodyguards protected the prime minister.警卫们保护着总理。protective of [sb/sth] adj + prep (person)对…关爱保护的；对…用心爱护的Bob is very protective of his children.鲍勃对自己的孩子们非常关爱保护。proud of [sb] adj + prep (happy with [sb] else's achievements)为…感到骄傲I am proud of my daughter for finishing her first marathon.我为女儿完成了她的第一次马拉松赛跑感到骄傲。prove [sb] wrong vtr + adj (show that [sb] is incorrect)证明…错了My father said I would never be an athlete; I'm determined to prove him wrong.provide money for [sth/sb] v expr (support financially)为…提供资金；给…提供经济上的支持My parents provided money for my studies abroad.provide [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (supply with, make available)为某人提供某物Contact the school secretary, who will provide you with the necessary forms.请联系教学秘书，他会为您提供必要的表格。provision [sb] vtr (supply)供应；供给；提供They provisioned the soldiers with enough food and water for a week.provision [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (supply with)把…提供给；把…供应给Aid workers put themselves at risk to provision the starving people with food and drink.援救人员冒着危险向饱受饥荒之苦的人们提供食物和饮用水。provoke, provoke [sb] into (doing) [sth], provoke [sb] to (do) [sth] vtr (incite [sb] to do [sth])激起某人做某事；煽动某人做某事His article provoked me into writing a letter to The Times.我在他的文章的煽动下，写了一封信给《泰晤士报》。provoke [sb] vtr (make angry)激怒；惹怒Loud parties late at night will provoke your neighbours.深夜聚会高声喧哗会惹怒你的邻居们。psych [sb] into doing [sth] v expr informal, abbreviation (persuade by psychological means) (使用心理方法)说服某人做某事psych [sb] out of [sth] v expr informal, abbreviation (dissuade by psychological means) 没有提供翻译 psych [sb] out of doing [sth] v expr informal, abbreviation (dissuade by psychological means)诱使某人停止做某事；说服某人停止做某事psychoanalyze [sb] (US), psychoanalyse [sb] (UK) vtr (analyze psychologically)对…做心理分析vtrpull [sth/sb], pull [sth/sb] from [sth] vtr slang (remove)使离开, 调走We had to pull the item from our stores when it was found to be faulty.pull [sth], pull [sth] on [sb] vtr US, slang (stunt, trick: play)对…耍花招How could you pull such a mean trick on me?你怎么能对我耍这么阴的花招？pull [sb] vtr UK, slang (attract [sb] sexually)吸引，让…着迷You'll never pull a bird with that awful chat-up line!pull [sb] aside, pull aside [sb] vtr + adv ([sb]: take to one side)把某人拉到一边The teacher quietly pulled the student aside after class to discuss her inappropriate behavior.pull [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep slang (trick, deceive [sb])欺骗某人Jane tried to pull the old "I'm staying at my friend's house" line on her mother, but her mother remembered being a teenager and didn't believe her for a minute.简想说“我住在朋友家”这句老套话来欺骗她妈妈，但她母亲记起自己还是十几岁的时候，一点也不相信她。pull [sb/sth] out vtr + adv (withdraw)退学Shay's parents were unhappy with the academic standards at her school, so they pulled her out.谢伊的父母对她学校的学术要求不满意，所以帮她办了退学。pull [sb] over vtr + adv (draw aside)把…拉过去；把…拖过去She pulled him over and had a quiet word about his behaviour.她把他拉过来，私下谈了谈他的行为。pull the wool over [sb]'s eyes v expr figurative (deceive [sb])欺骗；隐瞒pull [sth/sb] together vtr + adv (assemble, gather)组织起；把…聚集到一起Brian pulled a team together to come up with a plan.布莱恩把小队聚集到一起来提出一个计划。pull [sb] up on [sth], pull [sb] up for [sth] v expr figurative, informal (reprimand for [sth])因为…训斥；因为…责备Ruth pulled her son up on his bad language.露丝因他的儿子讲了脏话而训斥他。pull [sb]'s leg v expr figurative, informal (tease)取笑；捉弄；耍弄备注: Commonly used in continuous tenses.Stop pulling my leg - I know perfectly well what you're up to!pulverize [sb], also UK: pulverise [sb] vtr figurative, informal (beat [sb] severely) (比喻)摧毁，粉碎，彻底击败Our team pulverized the other team in the championship.pummel [sth/sb] vtr (beat, pound)殴打；拳击；痛打The gang pummelled him and left him for dead in the street.黑帮的人殴打了他一顿，把他扔在街上等死。pummel [sth/sb] vtr US, figurative, often passive, informal (critique harshly)抨击Critics pummeled the movie when it was first released.pump [sb] vtr figurative, informal (interrogate)向…打探；向…追问The cops were pumping the suspect, trying to get a confession out of him.pump [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep figurative, informal (interrogate)追问；拷问；盘问Karen's colleagues keep pumping her for information about the merger, but she won't tell them anything.pump [sth] into [sth/sb] vtr + prep (bullets: fire repeatedly) (子弹)将...连续射入The gunman pumped bullets into the car.punch [sb/sth] vtr (hit with fist)用拳痛击；挥拳打Beside himself with rage, Ben punched Harry.本在盛怒之下打了哈里一拳。punch [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (hit on specified body part) (打击身体部位)打在某人的...上Tom punched Pete in the stomach.punish [sb] vtr (penalty for offence)惩罚；处罚The teacher punished her student for being late to class.老师因为迟到而惩罚了学生。punk [sb] vtr US, slang (trick)恶作剧某人；戏弄某人purge [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (get rid of [sth])使…清除（罪责、过失等）Tim believes that confessing to his sins purges him of guilt.提姆相信，忏悔自己的罪孽会清除他的负罪感。purge [sb] vtr (get rid of [sb])开除；将…清扫出去；清除（异己）The company has purged a number of staff following its recent financial problems.近期出现财务问题后，这家公司开除了许多员工。purge [sth] of [sb/sth] vtr + prep (government: get rid of) (政府行为)将…从…清除出去The party leader has purged the party of troublemakers.党派领导人将党派中惹是生非之人清除了出去。purify [sb] vtr figurative (religion: cleanse of sin)给...赎罪；净化You must purify yourself before you can go to heaven.pursue [sb] vtr (follow: physically)追赶；追踪The police officer pursues the thief along the street.警察沿街追赶那个小偷。pursue [sb] vtr (romantically)追求Sarah pursued Ian for weeks before he agreed to go out with her.萨拉追求了伊安好几周，他才同意和萨拉约会。push [sb/sth] vtr (shove, force)推If you want to get out, you need to push the door instead of pulling it.The rude man pushed the people out of the way.要想出去，不要拉门，要往外推。// 那个人非常无礼，把周围的人都推开。push [sb] to do [sth], push [sb] into [sth], push [sb] into doing [sth] vtr (urge, coerce)促使某人做某事He pushed her to go to the store with him.push against [sth/sb] vi + prep (put up resistance to)推，朝…挤撞The crowd pushed against the barrier to try to see what was happening.push [sth/sb] aside, push aside [sth/sb] vi + prep (shove to one side)把…推开；把…挤到一边Julie pushed the brambles aside so that she could get past without being scratched.Fans pushed each other aside to get a position near the front of the stage.；push [sb/sth] down vtr + adv (cause to fall)推倒The cows pushed down the fence to get to the grass.奶牛们踩倒了篱笆，去到外面吃草。push [sth/sb] out, push out [sth/sb] vtr + adv (expel from body) (从身体中)排出push [sb] over the edge v expr figurative (cause [sb] to lose self-control)让...崩溃；将...推向绝望Hunger pushed the little girl over the edge and she stole a loaf of bread from the bakery.put [sb] with [sb] vtr (place in the custody of)让...监护；使处于某人的照顾之下The social workers put the child with a foster family.put [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr (drive, force)迫使...做某事；逼迫...陷入The tank corps put the enemy infantry to flight.put [sb], put [sb] on [sth] vtr (assign, attribute)将…安排做；分配...做Let's put John to work on this task.put a spell on [sb/sth] vtr (bewitch)蛊惑, 对…施魔法, 施魔咒于The witch put a spell on the man, who then turned into a toad.put a spell on [sb] vtr figurative (charm, enchant)迷惑, 使...着迷, 使...沉迷put a strain on [sth/sb] v expr (subject to stress)使...紧张put [sb] at ease v expr (make comfortable)使…放松；使…觉得不拘束Gillian put us at ease before the test by making a joke.put [sb/sth] at risk v expr (endanger)使处于危险境地You have put our lives at risk by driving so carelessly.put [sb/sth] at risk of [sth], put [sb/sth] at risk of doing [sth] v expr (expose to)使陷入…的风险We were put at risk of severe sunburn, working outdoors at midday.put [sth/sb] before [sth/sb] vtr + prep (prioritize more highly than)比...更重视；将...放在比...更优先的地位I will always put my children's welfare before my own desires.put [sth/sb] behind you v expr (forget [sth/sb])把…抛在脑后put [sth/sb] down vtr + adv (place on surface)把…放下Patsy put her pens down on the desk.The child's mother put him down and he ran off to play on the swings.帕齐把笔放在桌上。//那个孩子的妈妈将他放下，他便跑去荡秋千了。put faith in [sth/sb] vtr (trust, believe in)信任；对…抱有信心We need to do something now; we can't put faith in their promises of a future solution.As an atheist, I put my faith in the power of the human mind.put [sb/sth] first v expr (prioritize)把…放在首位, 以…为本No one likes Nancy; she always puts herself first and doesn't think of anyone else.没人喜欢南希，因为她总是把自己放在第一位，从不为别人着想。put [sb] in a fix v expr informal (make situation difficult)让某人陷入困境；让某人两难put in a good word for [sth/sb] vtr informal (say [sth] in support of) (非正式用语)为…说好话；为...美言几句Dad's angry at my big sister; Grandpa's going to put in a good word for her.You're applying for a job at that firm? I know the boss; I'll put in a good word for you.put [sb] in an awkward position v expr (cause [sb] social embarrassment)让某人处于尴尬境地；使某人感到尴尬Her thoughtless remarks about Janet put us all in an awkward position.put [sb] in chains v expr figurative (enslave)锁住, 囚禁, 给…戴上镣铐Millions of Africans were put in chains and sent to the New World.put [sb] in danger v expr (risk the life of)使…处于危险中；危及…的生命He's putting his own life in danger by driving so recklessly.put [sb] in jail v expr (imprison)囚禁；监禁put [sb] in his/her place v expr figurative (humble)使…感到卑微Eleanor's sharp rebuke put Daniel in his place.埃莉诺严厉的斥责让丹尼尔感到很卑微。put [sb] in touch, put [sb] and [sb] in touch v expr informal (connect: with [sb] else)使联系You've never met Jeff before, but I can put you in touch.put [sb] in touch with [sb] v expr informal (connect with [sb] else)安排...与...联系；给...提供...的联系方式You've reached the wrong department, but I can put you in touch with someone who can help you.put [sb] into action v expr (use: team, staff, etc.)让...开始工作；让...着手工作put [sb] into care v expr UK, often passive (child: give government custody) (儿童)由政府托管When James's parents died, there was no one to look after him and he was put into care.The couple were found to be unfit parents and their kids were put into care.put it to [sb] that v expr (assert, posit)断定；断言put [sb] off the scent v expr figurative (mislead, distract)使失去线索, 误导, 使人迷失线索, 布下迷阵He laid a false clue to put the detective off the scent.put [sb] on a pedestal v expr figurative (idolize [sb])把……捧上天；将...视为偶像Fred put Miranda on a pedestal; in his eyes she could do no wrong.put [sb] on his/her guard v expr (make wary)使…警惕The way she looks at me puts me on my guard.put [sb] on hold v expr (phone: keep waiting) (打电话)使处于待机状态When the customer service department puts you on hold, they play annoying music.客户服务部门让你等待时，他们会播放令人厌烦的音乐。put [sb] on probation v expr often passive (release a criminal conditionally)判某人缓刑put [sb] on probation v expr (employ [sb] for a trial period)试用某人；将某人作为见习人员put [sth] on the line for [sb] v expr figurative, informal (risk [sth] for [sb])为了某人冒…的风险He put everything on the line for her: his job, marriage and his reputation.put [sb] on the spot v expr informal (challenge, embarrass)使…处于难堪地位My teacher put me on the spot with a difficult question.put [sb] on trial v expr (make appear in court)使受到审判Sometimes innocent people are put on trial for murder.put [sb] out v expr informal (make unconscious for surgery) (在手术前)麻醉I hope the dentist puts me out when he removes my wisdom teeth.我希望牙医拔掉我的智齿时将我麻醉。put [sb/sth] out of business v expr (company, person: cause to fail)破产put [sb/sth] out of his/her/its misery v expr (kill [sb/sth])杀死The dog was so ill that the vet said it would be kinder to put him out of his misery.put [sb] out of his/her misery v expr figurative (finally give an answer, etc.)宣布最终结果The judges finally put the contestants out of their misery by announcing the winner.put [sth/sb] out to pasture v expr figurative (retire: [sb] or [sth] obsolete) (人)使…退休, 被迫离职put pressure on [sb/sth] vtr figurative (compel, coerce)对...施加压力, 强迫, 迫使, 逼迫The mayor put pressure on the police to drop the case.put [sth] right with [sb] v expr (make amends)对…进行弥补He attempted to put things right with her by bringing her roses.put stock in [sth/sb] v expr (trust)信任；依赖put the blame on [sb/sth] v expr (name as culprit)责怪；归罪于；归咎于put the screws on [sb], US also: put the screws to [sb] v expr figurative, informal (force, coerce [sb])威逼；胁迫put [sb] through [sth] vtr + prep informal (force to endure)使经历The boy had been put through a lot of hardships in his brief lifetime.这个男孩在他短暂的一生中经历了许多苦难。put [sb] through [sth] vtr + prep (fund [sb]'s studies)为…支付上学的费用My parents are both working full time in order to put me through college.为供我上大学，我父母两人都全职工作。put [sb] through vtr + adv (connect to [sb] on phone)为…接通电话The doctor is in now; I'll put you through.医生现在在了，我帮你转过去。put [sb] through to [sb] v expr (connect with: on phone) (打电话)帮…接通…的电话We will now put you through to the coordinator.I'll put you through to the switchboard.我们现在把你的电话转给协调员。//我帮你转总机。put [sb] through his/her/their paces v expr (test [sb]'s skill, ability)展示本领；展示能力put [sb] to bed v expr (tuck into bed)把…安顿上床睡觉I read my daughter a story every night when I put her to bed.put [sb] to death v expr often passive (execute)处决；处死In the past, criminals were often put to death in the most brutal manner.put [sb/sth] to shame v expr (cause to look inferior)使…相形见绌；使羞愧；使丢脸My colleague's English is so much better than my French; she puts me to shame.put [sb] to sleep v expr (make sleepy)使…入眠, 使…失去知觉, 使睡着The sleeping pills quickly put me to sleep.put [sb] to sleep v expr figurative (bore) (因枯燥无聊)让…昏昏欲睡His lecture put me to sleep in no time.put [sth/sb] to the test v expr (check performance)考验；经受检验The new safety procedures were put to the test when there was a fire in the basement.put [sb/sth] to use v expr (make use of [sb/sth])使用，利用put [sb] to work v expr (give a job, task to) (工作、任务)把…交给某人put [sb/sth] up for adoption v expr disapproving (child, pet) (含贬义)找人收养；将...送给别人收养The teenage girl gave birth to a baby boy, but immediately put him up for adoption.When the puppies were 8 weeks old, we put them up for adoption.put up with [sb/sth] v expr informal (tolerate)忍耐；忍受I will not put up with your whining any more. Go to bed this minute!我再也忍受不了你的满腹牢骚了。现在就给我去睡觉！put your arms around [sb] v expr (embrace, hug)拥抱；搂住put [sb]'s mind at rest, set [sb]'s mind at rest, set [sb]'s heart at rest v expr (reassure)使消除疑虑；使安心Let me just put your mind at rest: your condition is completely treatable.put your trust in [sb/sth] v expr (have faith in)信任；信赖You can put your trust in me.put yourself in [sb]'s shoes v expr figurative (try to empathize)设身处地为...想想；站在...的角度想问题put yourself out for [sb] v expr informal (go to trouble for [sb])为了...而为难自己As he's let me down over and over again, I'm not going to put myself out for him.puzzle [sb] vtr (confuse)使…困惑The strange sounds in the night puzzled Archie; he wondered what they could be.夜晚奇怪的声音让阿尔奇困惑不已，他想知道那是什么声音。qualify [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (educate, prepare: for a job)使…有资格从事This course will qualify students for a career in marketing.这堂课程会使学生们有资格从事营销行业工作。qualify [sb] to do [sth] v expr (educate, prepare)使…有资格从事This course will qualify students to teach at secondary level.这堂课程会使学生们有资格从事中学水平的教育工作。qualify [sb] to do [sth] v expr figurative (make eligible, give right)使…有资格做；使…能胜任I think your years of experience as a mother qualify you to give her advice.quarantine [sb/sth] vtr (put into isolation)对…进行隔离When I took my dog overseas, the local government quarantined him for weeks of medical evaluations.quarrel with [sb] vi + prep (argue with)与…争吵；与…争论Luke is always quarrelling with his brother.卢克老是和哥哥争吵不休。quarter of [sth/sb] expr (extent: 1/4, one fourth)四分之一备注: When only one, "a quarter" is used generally; "one quarter" is used to emphasize the precise amount.A quarter of twelve is three.Three quarters of 200 is 150.十二的四分之一是三。//200的四分之三是150.；quarter [sb] vtr historical (executed body: cut into 4) (吊剖分尸刑)分尸Guy Fawkes was hung, drawn, and quartered.quarter [sb] vtr (house)给…安排住宿The army quartered Simon and his family in one of the houses on the base.quarterback [sb/sth] vtr (American football: lead the offense of) (四分卫)指挥…进攻Tom Brady quarterbacked the New England Patriots when they won their first victory in the Super Bowl.question [sb] vtr (interrogate)讯问；审问；盘问The police questioned the suspect for five hours.警察审问了疑犯五个小时。question [sth/sb] vtr (inquire)询问；问I questioned the actor for hours about his profession.quiet [sb/sth] vtr (make quiet)使安静；使平静；安抚The father quieted his baby's crying.quieten [sth/sb] vtr (make quieter)使…平静；使…安静quiz [sb] vtr (question)盘问；查问The police quizzed the witness for hours.警察盘问了目击者好几个小时。quiz [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep (question about a topic)为（某事）盘问（某人）；就（某事）盘查（某人）The police quizzed the witness about exactly what she had seen.警方就确切目击情况盘问了证人。quiz [sb] vtr US (students: test)测试，对…进行测验The teacher quizzed his students yesterday.昨天老师对学生进行了测试。quiz [sb] on [sth], quiz [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep US (students: test on a subject)对…进行…方面的测试The teacher quizzed her students on the Civil War.老师对学生们进行了内战知识方面的测试。quote [sb] vtr (repeat [sb]'s words) (引述话语、诗篇、文章)引用, 引述, 援引Anthony likes to quote Shakespeare.安东尼喜欢引用莎士比亚的名句。quoth [sb/sth] vtr archaic (said) (古语)说, 讲race [sb/sth] vtr (compete against)与…比赛；与…展开竞赛The boys raced each other down the hill.这群男孩相互比赛，看谁最快下山。race [sb] vtr (try to be faster than)与…比赛；努力超过I'll race you to the corner!rack [sb] vtr often passive (pain, sobs: convulse)折磨；使痛苦The boxer had taken a real beating during the fight and was racked with pain.Sobs racked the grieving woman's body.那位拳击手在比赛中被人胖揍，痛苦不堪。那位女士哀恸地抽泣，浑身颤抖。rack [sb] vtr often passive (cause mental suffering) (精神上)使遭受痛苦，折磨Jeremy was racked by guilt over betraying his best friend.背叛自己最好的朋友所带来的内疚之情，让杰里米饱受折磨。rack [sb] vtr US, slang (hit in testicles)踢…的下档radicalize [sth/sb], also UK: radicalise [sth/sb] vtr (make more extreme)使更为激进；使激进化radio [sb/sth] vtr (contact by two-way radio) (双向运作)用无线通讯与…联系Jack radioed the station to ask for back up.rag [sb] vtr informal (tease, torment)揶揄，戏弄，嘲笑Patricia's classmates had found out about her crush on Henry and were ragging her mercilessly.帕特里夏的同学发现她对亨利的迷恋，都无情地嘲笑她。rag [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep informal (tease about [sth])因某事嘲笑某人Adam's colleagues ragged him about his taste in clothes.同事们因为亚当的衣着品味而嘲笑他。rag on [sb] vi + prep US, informal (tease, torment)戏弄，揶揄rag on [sb] about [sth] v expr US, informal (tease about [sth])在…上戏弄，在…方面揶揄rage against [sth/sb] vi + prep (be angry about)对...感到愤怒；因...发怒The villagers raged against the proposed new housing development.村民们对新提出的住房发展计划感到愤怒。rail at [sb] vi + prep (rebuke [sb] harshly)责备；指责；责骂The woman railed at the MP for not listening to his constituents' concerns.女子指责该国会议员不去倾听选民关切的问题。raise [sb] vtr (children: rear)养育；抚养；培养We raised the children to be respectful of their parents.我们培养孩子要尊敬父母。raise [sb] to [sth] vtr (promote: in rank)提升…的等级；提高…的级别；晋升After his bravery in battle, he was raised to the rank of major.raise [sb] [sth] vtr (poker bet: increase)给...加码；比…多下注I match your bet, and raise you five.rally [sb] vtr (gather: in support) (为了支持某人或某事)集合，集结Oliver rallied all of Joyce's friends to come to her aid.奥利佛集结了乔伊斯所有的朋友，前来帮助乔伊斯。ram [sb/sth] vtr (hit hard)猛击；撞Peter rammed the door, sending it flying open.彼得狠狠地撞开了门。ram [sb/sth] vtr (shove, push) (用力地)挤开，推开Tina rammed Bernard out of her way. The rugby player rammed his opponent.蒂娜用力将伯纳德推开，不让他挡自己路。橄榄球运动员狠狠地将对手推开。ram [sth] down [sb]'s throat v expr figurative, informal (force, impose)强迫（某人）接受；把（观点等）强加于人I wish they'd stop ramming their ideas down our throats.range [sth/sb] vtr (arrange people, things)排列；把…分类You should range the specimens from smallest to largest.rank [sth/sb] vtr (place: 1st, etc.)把…分等；给…评定等级Lydia ranks Johnny Depp above Brad Pitt.莉迪亚认为约翰尼德普比布拉德皮特更优秀。rankle with [sb] vi + prep (make irritated, resentful)激起怨恨；愤恨不已Molly's recklessness rankles with her boss.ransom [sb] vtr (pay to free [sb] captive)赎出；赎回The captive man's family ransomed him.绑匪向人质家属索要赎金。ransom [sb] vtr (release captive after payment)收钱后释放The kidnappers ransomed the CEO.收到赎金后，绑匪释放了那位CEO。ransom [sth/sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (take with demand for payment)向…勒索Pirates ransomed the ship for millions of dollars.海盗向船勒索数百万美元的赎金。rant about [sth/sb] vi + prep (discuss angrily at length)大声斥责；不停数落Edmund ranted about his colleagues; they'd really been getting on his nerves lately.艾德蒙德大声斥责着自己的同事，这些人最近实在让他心烦。rape [sb] vtr (force to have sex)强奸Janet went to the police after her date raped her.珍妮特在被约会对象强奸后，去了警察局报案。rare [sb] vtr regional (raise a child)抚养rat to [sb] vi + prep slang (be an informant to)向…告密Nigel wondered which member of the gang had ratted to the cops.奈杰尔想知道是哪个团伙成员向警察告的密。rat [sb] out to [sb] v expr slang (inform on)向某人泄露某人的秘密；向某人告发某人After George cheated on the test, Jessica ratted him out to the teacher.rate [sth/sb] vtr (evaluate)评价；评估The boss will rate your performance.老板会评价你的表现。rate [sb/sth] [sth], rate [sb/sth] as [sth] vtr (be ranked)分级；排名He rates second in the world.他在全球排名第二。rate [sb/sth] vtr (consider)认为；把…看作I rate him among my friends.rate [sb/sth] vtr informal (esteem)尊崇；赞赏；把…看作，认为I know he's one of the most famous directors of all time, but I don't rate him.我知道他被认为是有史以来最著名的导演之一，不过我不敢苟同。rattle [sb] vtr (upset)使慌乱；使不安Ben's outburst really rattled Steve.ravage [sb/sth] vtr often passive (devastate: [sb]'s looks) (容颜等)损坏；毁坏Martha's face was ravaged by sun exposure.rave about [sth/sb] vi + prep (speak angrily)怒喊；对…叫嚷Poor Fred's always raving about how the government is out to get him.可怜的弗莱德总是怒喊说政府要整他。rave about [sth/sb] vi + prep (praise enthusiastically)极力赞美The critics are raving about that new film.评论家们对新电影大加赞美。ravish [sb] vtr archaic, literary (rape)强奸, 强暴, 污辱The violent pillagers ravished the townswomen.ravish [sb/sth] vtr literary, often passive (delight)使…欣喜；使…高兴；使…欣喜若狂The museum's new art exhibit ravishes the eye.Everyone who tasted the fine wine was ravished by it.rawhide [sb/sth] vtr (hit with rawhide whip)用生皮制成的皮鞭抽打The cowboy rawhided the cattle to drive them through the gate.razz [sb] vtr US, slang (tease)戏弄；嘲弄；嘲笑razz [sb] for [sth], razz [sb] about [sth] v expr US, slang (tease about [sth])因...调侃...razz [sb] about doing [sth], razz [sb] for doing [sth] v expr US, slang (tease for doing [sth])因...做了...而调侃re-up [sb] vtr (re-enrol, re-employ)重新招收；重新雇用reaccustom [sb] to [sth], re-accustom [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (get [sb] used to [sth] again)使某人重新习惯某事reach [sb] vtr figurative (contact by telephone) (指用电话)与…联系, 联系上Let me see if I can reach him to ask him about the party.我试试能不能联系上他，问问他晚会的事儿。reach [sb] vtr (TV, radio: be seen by) (电视、广播等)被…看到This show reaches thousands of teenagers.reach [sb] vtr figurative (make understand)使…理解I've explained the problem to him many times, but you just can't reach him.reacquaint [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (make familiar again)重新认识；重新了解read about [sth/sb] vtr + prep (read on the topic of)读到I read about your accident in the newspaper.我在报上读到了你发生的事故。read [sb] vtr (communications: hear) (通信)听到…说话Hello Houston, do you read me?read lips, read [sb]'s lips v expr (understand by watching mouth)读唇语read [sb]'s mind v expr figurative (guess [sb]'s intentions correctly)读心，猜透心思You must have read my mind; this report is exactly what I would have written.read [sb] the riot act, read the riot act to [sb] v expr figurative, informal (reprimand)对…提出警告，严厉斥责My curfew is midnight, but I got home at three in the morning, and my mom read me the riot act.readmit [sb] vtr (allow in again)重新允许进入readmit [sb] vtr (patient: take back into hospital)重新将…收进医院ready [sth/sb] vtr (prepare)准备好The soldiers readied their weapons.士兵们准备好了自己的武器。reallocate, reallocate [sth], reallocate [sth] to [sb] vtr (apportion or distribute again)再分配；重新分派During the lawsuit, the company had to reallocate funds for lawyers.ream [sb] vtr vulgar (have anal sex with)与...肛交reanimate [sth/sb] vtr (bring back to life)复活vtrreappoint [sb] to [sth] vtr (assign to a position again)重新任命...为；重新选派...为reappraise [sth/sb] vtr (assess again)重新评估；重新评定；对…重新估价reappraise [sth/sb] vtr (change your mind)重新评价rear [sb] vtr (raise children)养育；抚养Chris and Margaret reared their kids to respect others.克里斯和玛格丽特教育自己的孩子要尊重他人。rear-end [sth/sb] vtr (crash into)追尾；与...追尾rearm [sb] vtr (supply with new weapons)重新武装vtr；为…补给弹药武器rearrest [sb] vtr (take back into police custody)再次拘捕vtr；再次拘禁rearrest [sb] n (being taken back into custody)再次拘捕n；再次拘禁reason with [sb] vi + prep (try to persuade [sb])劝…He wants to quit, but she is going to try to reason with him.他想要不干了，不过她打算去劝劝他。reassess [sth/sb] vtr (appraise again)对…重新估价Why don't you get some sleep and reassess the situation in the morning?reassess [sth/sb] vtr (change your mind about)对…进行再评价；重新评价After considering all the research, the president reassessed his position.reassign [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (assign to [sb] again) (给人)把…重新分配给reassign [sb] [sth] vtr (assign to [sb] again)重新委派；重新任命reassure [sb] vtr (explain [sth] is OK)使放心；使消除疑虑Norma reassured the frightened child.reauthorize [sb] to do [sth], also UK: reauthorise [sb] to do [sth] v expr (give [sb] new permission)重新授权某人做某事reawaken [sth] in [sb] vtr + prep figurative (emotion: rouse again)再次唤起某人心中的某种情感This hiking trip reawakened the adventurer in me.rebuff [sb/sth] vtr (snub, reject)断然回绝；冷落When I asked my boss for a raise, he quickly rebuffed me.rebuke [sb] vtr (criticize, scold)训斥；批评Annoyed by his son's disobedience, John rebuked him.儿子不听管教让约翰心烦，于是训斥了他。rebuke [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (criticize, scold for)指责某人做某事；训斥某人做某事The old lady rebuked the young man for pushing into the queue.老妇人指责那个年轻人插队。rebury [sb] vtr (inter again)重新埋葬vtr；迁葬recall [sth/sb] vtr (remember)回忆起；想起；记起Patrick recalled the long, hot summers of his youth.帕特里克回忆起了年轻时的那个漫长而燥热的夏季。recall [sb] vtr (bring back)召回The panel recalled the shortlisted candidates.recapture [sth/sb] vtr (catch again)重新捕获；夺回；收复The fisherman dropped the slippery fish, but then recaptured it.recast [sb/sth] vtr (actor, role: cast again)更换角色；改派...角色When the star actor died, the director had to recast the part.receive [sb] vtr (admit: [sb])接收；收容The hospital received him as a patient yesterday afternoon.receive [sb] vtr (guest: accommodate)为…提供食宿；接待We would be happy to receive you at our home during your visit to our town.在你拜访我们的小镇期间，我们很乐意为你提供食宿。rechristen [sb] vtr (baptise again)重新为…施洗礼reclaim [sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep (take back)从…回收I reclaimed my seat from Frank the second he got up to use the bathroom.recognize [sb/sth], also UK: recognise [sb/sth] vtr (identify)认出；识别出The witness recognized the suspect.目击者认出了嫌疑人。recognize [sb/sth], also UK: recognise [sb/sth] vtr (admit status) (身份、地位等)承认He was recognized as leader.他被承认为领袖。recognize [sb/sth], also UK: recognise [sb/sth] vtr (admit validity)承认；认可Most countries recognize the Geneva Conventions.绝大多数国家都认可日内瓦国际公约。recognize [sb], also UK: recognise [sb] vtr formal (allow [sb] to speak)允许…说话；准许…发言The chair recognizes the delegate.该主席准许这位代表发言。recoil from [sb/sth] vi + prep (flinch away in fright)畏缩；畏惧Julie recoiled from the barking dog.面对吠叫不止的狗，朱莉吓得直后退。recommend [sth], recommend [sth] to [sb] vtr (endorse)推荐；向某人称赞某事Several friends have recommended this restaurant to me.几个朋友都向我推荐这家餐厅。recommission [sb] vtr (contract, employ again)重新委任；重新雇用recommission [sb] to do [sth] v expr (employ again to do [sth])重新雇用...做recompense, recompense [sb], recompense [sb] for [sth] vtr (compensate)赔偿；补偿Mary had to recompense her father for the vase that she accidentally broke.recompense, recompense [sb], recompense [sb] for [sth] vtr (reward, repay)报答；答谢Lucas was recompensed for good behavior at school.reconcile [sb] with [sb], reconcile [sb] and [sb] vtr (people with each other)使和好；使和解Bill managed to reconcile his daughter with her husband. Alison was glad she had reconciled the two friends, who had not been on speaking terms for weeks.比尔成功使自己女儿和女婿和好了。艾莉森的两个朋友相互不理睬已经两周了，她很高兴自己能使他们俩和解。reconcile [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (get [sb] to accept [sth])使接受；使适应Once Maria had reconciled her children to her new relationship, they all got on very well with her boyfriend.玛利亚设法使自己的孩子们接受她的新恋爱关系后，孩子们都与她男朋友处得很融洽。reconnect with [sb] vi + prep (make contact with [sb] again)再次联系It has been so nice reconnecting with you.recontact [sb] vtr (get back in touch with)再联系；重新联系record [sth/sb] vtr (capture on tape, etc.) (磁带等)录制；录下The band recorded a new album.该乐队录制了一张新专辑。recruit [sb] vtr (seek for employment)招聘The company recruited Philip as their new IT manager.公司将菲利普招聘为新的IT经理。recruit [sb] vtr (military)征募（新兵）The army recruited Carol and sent her to a training camp.军队征募了卡罗尔，并将她送去了训练营。recruit [sb] vtr (enroll)吸收；招收The club is recruiting new members.recur, recur to [sb] (that) vi (return to mind)重新浮现；重现The idea keeps recurring to me that I should throttle you.recuse [sb] vtr (excuse from legal duty)要求撤换red line [sth/sb] vtr figurative (mark [sb/sth] for cancellation) (用红线)划去redeem [sb] vtr (save from disgrace)救赎，拯救Edward had been wild in his youth, but his wife redeemed him.爱德华年轻时狂放不羁，但他妻子拯救了他。redeem [sb] vtr (sinner: save) (基督教)救赎（罪人等）Christians believe Christ redeemed mankind.基督徒相信，耶稣基督救赎了人类。redeploy [sb] vtr (military: send to new area) (军队)重新调派, 调动, 重新部署The government redeployed troops in Iraq.redirect [sb/sth] vtr (computing: send to a new location) (计算机)重新导向redound to [sth/sb] vi + prep (have an impact on)影响；产生影响redress [sb] vtr (clothe again)给...重新穿上衣服；给...换衣服The child complained that his clothes were uncomfortable, so his mother redressed him.reduce [sb] to doing [sth] v expr often passive (worsen status of)使沦落A once-wealthy woman, she has been reduced to begging in the street.reduce [sb] to doing [sth] v expr usually passive (make resort to)使…不得不；使…被迫做We were so poor back then that we were reduced to living on peanut butter and crackers.reduce [sth/sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (worsen condition of)使…沦落到；让…沦落为They have reduced education to rote learning and memorization.She was reduced to poverty.reecho [sth/sb], re-echo [sth/sb] vtr (repeat again)重复...reeducate [sb], re-educate vtr (teach or train again)重新教育；再次培训reelect [sb], re-elect vtr (vote into power again)重新当选；再次当选reemploy [sb] vtr (give another job to)再聘；使再就业reenergize [sth/sb], re-energize [sth/sb], also UK: re-energise [sth/sb] vtr (invigorate again) (人)使…恢复精力，使…精神振奋； (事物)振兴，重新激发reengage [sth/sb] (US), re-engage [sb/sth] (UK) vtr (engage anew)再次从事某事；再次让某人加入reengage [sth] (US), re-engage [sb] (UK) vtr (gear: lock into position again) (齿轮)重新啮合reequip [sb/sth], re-equip vtr (supply again)再次装备；重新装备reequip [sb/sth] with [sth], re-equip vtr + prep (supply with [sth] again)给...重新配备reevaluate [sth/sb], also UK: re-evaluate [sth/sb] vtr (assess again)重新考虑；再度评估We will reevaluate your knowledge of the subject in six months, to see if you are making enough progress.reexamine [sth/sb], also UK: re-examine [sth/sb] vtr (study or inspect again)对…进行复试；对…进行进一步考查；再次检查，再次核查reexplain [sth] to [sb], re-explain [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (explain again)向...再次解释...refer to [sth/sb] vi + prep (mention, allude to)提到；说到Twain was referring to Shakespeare.马克·吐温提到的是莎士比亚的作品。refer to [sth/sb] vi + prep (be about, concern)与...有关；关于；关系到；涉及What does this call refer to?这个电话说的是什么事情？refer to [sb] as [sth] v expr (call: [sb] [sth])把某人称作People refer to Emily as "The Queen" because she always gets her way.因为艾米丽总是随心所欲，所以人们称她为“女王大人”。refer [sb] to [sb] vtr (send to an expert)叫…求助于；向…推荐Bob referred me to you, saying that you are the best lawyer here.鲍勃叫我找你，说你是这里最好的律师。refer [sth] to [sb] vtr ([sth]: direct, send on)将某事委托给某人；将某事转交给某人I'll refer the matter to my lawyer.我会将这件事转交给我的律师去办。refer [sb] to [sb] vtr (medical: send to specialist) (病人)将...转诊给；建议...找另一医生诊疗The doctor referred me to a specialist.医生将我转诊给一位专家。refer [sb] vtr (suggest as a customer)介绍；引介，推荐Refer a friend and win $20!推荐一位朋友，赢取20美元奖金！reference [sth/sb] vtr (refer to)引用；提及Please reference the sources.reflect [sth/sb] vtr (return an image)映出；照出；反射出The mirror reflected a face.镜子里照出一张脸。reflect on [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (affect reputation)招来非议；给...丢脸Your performance reflects badly on you.你的表现为你招来非议。reflective of [sth/sb] adj + prep (exemplifying)…的反映；…的体现The president's statement is not reflective of public opinion.refortify [sb] vtr (person: make stronger again)再度振奋精神refresh [sb] vtr (revitalize, restore)使恢复精神A quick dip in the pool will definitely refresh you.refresh [sb]'s memory v expr (make remember)提醒；提示You say you don't remember the night in question? Let me refresh your memory.refuge [sb] vtr archaic (give shelter to)接纳…避难；为…提供庇护refund [sb] vtr (return money to)退款给某人Nancy's new lamp stopped working after a few days, so she complained and the shop refunded her.南希新买的灯还没用几天就坏了，经过申诉后，店家给她退了款。refund [sb] [sth] vtr (return a sum to)给某人退（钱）The shop refunded the unhappy customer his fifty pounds.这家店给生气的顾客退款了50英镑。refuse [sb] vtr (say no to: a suitor) (追求者)拒绝He proposed to her twice and both times she refused him.他向她求了两次婚，都被拒绝了。refuse to accept [sb] v expr (person: exclude) (拒绝接受某人)拒绝接受Those snotty girls refuse to accept anybody whose parents aren't rich.regale [sb] vtr (entertain)使娱乐；使欢娱When my brother comes home, he always regales us with stories from his travels abroad.regale [sb] vtr (serve a feast to)宴请；招待Every time that I come home from college my mother regales me with all of my favorite dishes.regard [sb] as [sth] vtr + prep (look upon)看待；视为He regarded him as a hero.他把他视为英雄。regard [sb/sth] vtr formal (watch, observe)观察；关注He regarded her movements with interest.他饶有兴味地观察着她的举动。regard [sb] vtr (esteem)器重；看重；敬重She is regarded very highly by her boss.她很受老板的器重。regard [sb] with esteem v expr (respect)怀着敬意看待The old professor was regarded with esteem by his fellow faculty members.regiment [sb/sth] vtr (organize, put into order)严格管制；严密编制It's important to regiment your exercise routine for maximum effect.register [sb] vtr (enter formally)登记；注册；把…正式记入编制The president of the organisation registered the new members in the official books.机构主席将新成员加入了正式记录。register [sb] vtr (enrol: [sb] in school) (学校)注册, 登记His parents decided to register him at a different school.他父母决定给他转学。rehab [sb] vtr US: informal, abbreviation (rehabilitate: patient)康复；恢复The physical therapist has been working for weeks to help rehab the star athlete as quickly as possible.rehab [sb] vtr (rehabilitate: addict)使某人戒瘾The purpose of this facility is to help rehab heroine addicts.rehab [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep informal, abbreviation (rehabilitate: from addiction, etc.)使某人戒除某种瘾The woman was admitted to a facility in an attempt to rehab her from her addiction to narcotics.rehabilitate [sb] vtr (restore to fitness)使…康复The physical therapist helps to rehabilitate her clients.rehabilitate [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (help to recover)帮助康复；使恢复The clinic was designed to rehabilitate patients from cancer.rehabilitate [sb] vtr (help to readapt socially)使…恢复正常生活；使重新适应社会生活The program aimed to rehabilitate ex-convicts.rehire [sb] vtr (employ again)重新雇佣；再次录用rehouse [sb] vtr (find new accommodation for)为…提供新的住处；供给…新住房The government rehoused its citizens after the tornado.rehydrate [sb] vtr (replenish fluids in [sb])给…补充水分，给…补水reign over [sth/sb] vi + prep (be king or queen of)统治；在…为王Queen Elizabeth II currently reigns over Great Britain.大不列颠现在由伊丽莎白女皇二世统治。reign over [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (dominate, prevail)主管；主宰Fear reigns over the city as fighting enters its second day.reimburse [sb] vtr (pay back for expense)偿还；补还Maggie's employer reimbursed her for her travel expenses.；reimpose [sth] on [sb] vtr + prep (apply forcefully again)把...再强加于...reincarnate [sb] vtr (put into a new body)使转世重生reinfect [sb/sth] vtr (contaminate again)再次感染；再次污染reinfect [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (contaminate again)使...再次感染reinfect [sb/sth] vtr figurative (corrupt again)使...再次败坏；使...再次污染reinfect [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative (corrupt again)重新腐蚀；再次腐化reinoculate [sb] against [sth] vtr (vaccinate again) (疫苗)为…再次接种；为…重新接种reinstate [sb] vtr (person: restore to position) (指人)使…复职, 恢复某人的职位We reinstated the president after his temporary resignation.reinsure [sb/sth] vtr (provide insurance again)给…再保险，分保reinvigorate [sb/sth] vtr (give new energy to)给…新的活力；使…再次振作The manager reinvigorated the sales staff by offering bonuses to the highest sellers.reject [sb/sth] vtr (refuse)拒绝；驳回The consulting firm rejected most applicants, accepting only the elite.咨询公司拒绝了大多数人的求职申请，只接受精英人士加盟。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 政府驳回了这一提案。reject [sth/sb] vtr (not consider acceptable)不考虑；拒绝考虑The union has rejected the government's offer of a 1% pay rise.政府向工会提议，将薪酬提高1%，但工会拒绝考虑。reject [sb] vtr (lover: spurn) (恋爱)抛弃，甩掉He was plunged into depression after she rejected him.被她抛弃后，他陷入了深深的抑郁之中。rejoin, rejoin [sth], rejoin [sb] vtr (join again)团聚After the war, the soldier rejoined his wife.rejudge [sth/sb] vtr (judge again)重新判断；重新判决rejuvenate [sb] vtr (make look younger)使年轻；使返老还童The plastic surgery rejuvenated the older woman.relate well to [sb] v expr (get along with [sb])与...相处融洽；和...关系处得好For a teenager, she relates well to adults.relating to [sth/sb] prep (concerned with, pertaining to)涉及到；关系到Biology is a science which focuses on everything relating to life and how it functions.relative to [sth/sb] adj + prep (relating to)与…有关的；涉及…的Your arguments make no sense relative to the subject we're discussing.你的论点与我们正在讨论的主题毫无关系。relay [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (pass on information to)把…传递给；把…传达给The team leader relayed the boss's message to the staff.团队组长把领导的信息传递给了员工们。release [sb] vtr (liberate)释放, 放出, 放走；解救, 解脱；解放The jail released the prisoner after four years.那犯人四年后从监狱中放了出来。ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 警察救出了被绑在车里的孩子。release [sth/sb] vtr (let go of, stop grasping)放手；松手；放开The father released his hold on his daughter when she saw grandma.女儿一见到祖母，她爸爸就松手把她放开了。release [sb] from [sth] vtr (free from: debt) (债务等)使...从...中解脱出来The final payment will release you from this debt.release [sb] from [sth] vtr (free from: obligation)免除某人的某种义务；使…不用尽...的义务His boss released him from the need to maintain the computers.release [sb] from [sth] vtr (free from legal responsibility)免除某人的...责任；使…不负…的责任This contract releases us from liability in case of injury.release [sb] from a promise v expr (remove an obligation from [sb])使某人不必履行承诺Charles released Edward from his promise to help repaint the dining room.relegate [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep (consign to lower state or status)降低；贬低There are still some societies where women are firmly relegated to the home.relegate [sb/sth] vtr UK, often passive (sport: assign to lower league) (体育运动中)使…降级, 将…降级After the game, the referee decided to relegate the team.relegate [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep UK, often passive (sport: assign to lower league)降级The team was relegated to the second division.reliant on [sth/sb] adj + prep (person: dependent on [sth], [sb])依靠She is severely disabled and is reliant on her mother for everything.reliant on [sth/sb] doing [sth] expr (situation: depending) (局势)依靠, 有赖于Our success is reliant on everyone doing their job.relieve [sb] vtr often passive (make less worried)使某人宽心；宽慰某人It relieved Robert to learn that he didn't have to give a presentation after all.得知自己其实不用做演示稿，罗伯特宽心不少。relieve [sb] vtr (work: take over from)接替；替换；换...的班The night shift workers arrived to relieve Monica and her colleagues.relieve [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (unburden of a weight)卸去…的负担；帮忙拿Just then John appeared and relieved me of my heavy shopping bags.正在那时，约翰出现，帮忙拿走了我沉重的购物袋。relieve [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep figurative (take over responsibility)使卸下（责任）I've been relieved of most of my responsibilities at work.我工作上大部分的责任都已经被解除了。relieve [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep often passive (remove from position)使卸下（职务），使卸除（职务）The vice-president of the company was relieved of his position.公司副董事长被卸任了。relieve [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (free from having to do)使免于做My brother's arrival relieved me of the task of caring for our parents alone.哥哥来了，我不必再独自一人照看父母了。relieve [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep informal (take, steal from)从…处偷走The pickpocket relieved Ned of his wallet.扒手偷走了内德的钱包。relieve [sb] of a burden v expr (release from a responsibility)为某人减轻负担；减轻某人的负担relieve of their job, relieve [sb] of his job, relieve [sb] of her job v expr (dismiss or fire [sb])解雇relieve the pressure on [sb] v expr (unburden)卸去…身上的压力The company is hiring extra workers to relieve the pressure on their existing staff.relocate [sb] vtr (move [sb])调动Wendy's firm is relocating her to head office.温蒂的公司要将她调去总部。remarry [sb] vtr (marry again)复婚；再婚I remarried my husband after we had been divorced for ten years.remember [sth/sb] vtr (have [sth] in memory)记得；记住I remember the day you were born.我还记得你出生的那一天。remember [sb] to [sb] vtr + prep (pass on greetings)代某人向某人问好；代某人向某人致意Remember me to her, will you?能代我向她问好吗？remember [sb/sth] vtr (commemorate)纪念On 11 November, the British remember those who died in the two World Wars.十一月十一日，是英国人民纪念在两次世界大战中死难者日子。remigrate [sb] vtr (move, transfer again)使再次迁移；使再次移动remind [sb] vtr (prompt [sb] to remember [sth])提醒I've got to leave at 5 p.m.; don't forget to remind me.我必须在下午5点离开，别忘了提醒我。remind [sb], remind [sb] that vtr (with clause: prompt [sb] to remember)提醒Remind me that I have a doctor's appointment tomorrow!记得提醒我明天去看医生！remind [sb] of [sth], remind [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep (cause [sb] to remember)提醒；使想起；使记起The alarm reminded Tim of his appointment.I reminded my son about his mother's birthday.提姆听到闹钟，想起了还有约会。//我让儿子想起了他母亲的生日。remind [sb] of [sb/sth] vtr + prep (resemble [sb/sth]) (因为相像)使…想起，让…联想起You remind me so much of my youngest son.This landscape reminds me of the Swiss Alps.你使我想起了我的小儿子。//这景色让我想起了瑞士的阿尔卑斯山。remonstrate with [sb] vi + prep (protest to)向某人抗议After the recent salary cuts were announced, most of the staff spent the afternoon remonstrating with the boss.remove [sb] (from [sth]) vtr (dismiss: from job)开除；解雇He was caught stealing and was quickly removed from his job.remove [sb] from [sth] vtr (dismiss from public office)免去…的职务；免去…的公职The senator was removed from office after being convicted of taking bribes.remove [sb] vtr (assassinate)除掉；暗杀The secret agents removed the politician from the world of the living.remove [sb] from [sth] vtr (withdraw: from school)使…从…被开除；把…从…开除Abby was permanently removed from school after she hit a teacher.在艾比殴打了一位老师之后，她就被学校永远地开除了。remunerate [sb] vtr (pay for work done)酬谢；给予…酬劳rename [sth/sb] vtr (give a new name)重命名The city renamed the street after the mayor.rename [sth/sb] to [sth] vtr (change name to)重命名...为The city renamed the road to "Palm Boulevard."render [sb] [sth] vtr (make, leave)使某人成为；使某人处于某种状态The shock rendered him speechless.震惊的情绪使他无言以对。renominate [sb] vtr (propose for award again)再次提名；重新提名renominate [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (propose for award again)重新提名renounce [sb] vtr (person: disown) (头衔等)声明放弃The Democratic Party renounced their candidate after his involvement in a scandal.rent [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (lease real estate to) (房屋)把…出租给I'm renting that apartment to some students.我要把这间公寓出租给一些学生。rent [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep mainly US (hire out a vehicle to)把…出租给某人The car rental company rented the truck to me.那家汽车租赁公司将卡车出租给了我。reorganize [sth/sb], also UK: reorganise [sth/sb] vtr (arrange differently)重新组织；重新安排I reorganized the refrigerator so that the more perishable items were in front.reorient [sb], also UK: reorientate [sb] vtr (restore sense of direction to)重新定位；重新定向；重新确定…的方向repass [sb/sth] vtr (go past again)再经过repatriate [sb] vtr (send back to country of origin)将…遣送回国；遣返The government will repatriate the political prisoner after twenty years in jail.repay [sb] vtr (reward: a person) (对人)报答How can I ever repay you for your kindness?repeat on [sb] vi + prep informal, UK (cause to belch) (食物等)留有味道That curry I had for dinner keeps repeating on me!repel [sb] vtr (repulse, disgust)使反感；使厌恶；使恶心The smell in the shop repels most customers.rephotograph [sth/sb] vtr (photograph again)重照；重拍replace [sb], replace [sb] as [sth] vtr ([sb]: in job, position) (工作中)取代；替换；代替Joyce has replaced Carl as finance director.乔伊斯取代卡尔成为了财务总监。reply to [sb/sth] vi + prep (answer, respond to)回答；回复He did not reply to my letter.他没有回复我的信。report on [sth/sb] vi + prep (give critical account of)就…进行报道We will report on this in more detail in our next issue.我们将会在下一期中就此进行更详细的报道。report [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (crime: denounce) (罪行等)告发, 指控, 举报, 揭发She reported the crime to the police.她向警方告发了这一罪行。reprehend [sth/sb] vtr formal (criticize, condemn)指责；责难；批评represent [sb] vtr (act on the behalf of, legally) (法律)全权代表, 全权代理Frank's lawyers will represent him.弗兰克的律师将为他全权代理。represent [sb] vtr (theatre: act the role of)扮演He was the first American to represent Hamlet on stage.represent [sb] vtr (act on the behalf of, politically) (政治)作为…的代言人；代表…的利益The president represents the voters.representative of [sth/sb] adj + prep (that represents [sth], [sb])表现…的The artist tried to create a picture that was representative of the image in her head.艺术家想创作一幅能表现她心中所见的图画。representative of [sth/sb] adj + prep (typical of [sth], [sb])有代表性的；典型的This is a representative example of what life is like for people living in these conditions.在这种条件下的人的生活是什么样的，这就是个有代表性的例子。repress [sb] vtr (oppress, control: [sb])压制；镇压The citizens feel that they're repressed by the government.reprieve [sb] vtr usually passive (commute: punishment of) (刑罚)对…暂缓执行；缓刑Neil was condemned to death, but reprieved at the last minute and given a lesser punishment.reprimand [sb] vtr formal (rebuke, tell off)斥责；叱责；叱责If you break the rules you will be reprimanded.reprimand [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep formal (rebuke, tell off)因某事训斥某人The teacher reprimanded the children for breaking the rules.reproach [sb] vtr (resent, blame)责备After his parents' divorce, Albert reproached his father.reproach [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (resent for [sth])呵斥；斥责George reproached the mayor for her anti-business policies.reproach [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (resent for doing [sth])责备某人做某事She reproached me for not calling often enough.reprobate [sth/sb] vtr formal (disapprove, censure)反对...；谴责...reprobate [sb] vtr (God: condemn to hell)摒弃...reprove [sb] vtr (criticize: [sb] for [sth])责骂；责备repudiate [sb] vtr formal (disown)与...断绝关系repudiate [sb] vtr some religions or historical (divorce or disown a wife) (历史用语，在部分宗教中仍有出现)与...离婚；结束与...的婚姻关系repulse [sb] vtr figurative (disgust, revolt)厌恶；反感；对…感到恶心Bob's sexual advances repulsed Mary.repulse [sth/sb] vtr (repel, force away)击退；击败；使败退The army repulsed the approaching assault on the village.reputed to be [sb/sth] expr (alleged)被普遍认为是，被公认为是；被宣称是，据称是He is reputed to be the world's richest man.require [sb] to do [sth], require that [sb] do [sth] v expr (order)规定；要求The queen required her subjects to bow.女王规定臣民要向她鞠躬。rerelease [sth/sb], re-release [sth/sb] vtr (let go of [sth/sb] again)再释放，再次放开rerelease [sth/sb], re-release [sth/sb] vtr (set [sth/sb] free again)再释放，再次放走rescue [sb/sth] vtr (save)救出；营救Julia saw that the little girl was in danger and rescued her.茱莉娅看到那个小女孩正处于危险之中，便救了她。rescue [sb/sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep (save from danger)把…从…救出；从…解救出Tim rescued the man from drowning.提姆把那个人从水中救了出来，使他不至溺毙。rescue [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (help, save from difficulty)从…中拯救出Daisy rescued her friend from her unhappy home.黛西把朋友从不幸的家庭中拯救了出来。resemblance to [sb] n (physical likeness to [sb] else)和…外表相似The first time I met Graham, I was struck by his resemblance to his father.resemble [sb] vtr (person: look like) (人)看起来像；与...长得像He resembles his grandfather.resent [sb] vtr (feel aggrieved at [sb])厌恶；讨厌Mary resents her ex-husband.玛丽很讨厌她前夫。resent [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (feel aggrieved at [sb])因为…对某人不满；因为…怨恨Margaret resents her son for his drug addiction.玛格丽特因为自己儿子吸毒成瘾而对他大为不满。resent [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (feel aggrieved at [sb])怨恨某人做某事；因为…对某人不满They resented us having better seats than they had.他们因为我们的座位更好而对我们不满。resentful of [sth/sb] adj + prep (person: envious, bitter)厌恶Meera is resentful of the time her boyfriend spends with his brother.resettle [sb] vtr (displaced person: move to new place)重新安置...resist [sth/sb] vtr (struggle against: physically) (身体上的)反抗, 抵抗, 反击If you keep on resisting me I'll be obliged to tie you up.再反抗我就把你绑起来。reskill [sb] vtr (employee: train)再培训；再训练resonate with [sb] vi + prep figurative (be understood) (想法等)得到应和, 得到共鸣Her ideas resonated well with the audience of academics.respect [sb] vtr (person: esteem)尊敬；敬重；仰慕As an aspiring writer, I respect published authors.作为一位有理想的作家，我尊敬出版过作品的作家。respect [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (person: esteem, admire)因为某事崇敬某人；由于某事敬佩某人They all respected him for his hard work.他们都因为他的勤恳工作而敬佩他。respect [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (person: admire)由于某事尊敬某人；由于某事敬佩某人I really respect Phoebe for volunteering at the hospital.菲比在医院做义工，我真的很敬佩她。respite [sb] vtr formal, usually passive (temporarily relieve)使…暂缓；为...缓解；让...纾解Oliver was glad to be respited from his pain.respite [sb] vtr formal, often passive (obligation, punishment: grant delay) (刑罚等)为...缓期执行The businessman begged his creditors to respite him, as he could not repay the debts immediately.respond to [sb/sth] vi + prep (answer, reply to)回答；答复She responded to our letter immediately.她立刻答复了我们的信。responsible for [sth/sb] adj + prep (in charge of)为…负责；负责I am responsible for my sister while my parents are away.Helen is responsible for the entire sales department.父母外出的时候，我负责照顾妹妹。// 整个销售部门都由海伦负责。rest with [sb] vi + prep (belong, reside)在于；归属于The decision rests with you.restore [sb] vtr (to health)使…恢复健康；使…康复Victoria had been very ill, but good treatment and plenty of rest soon restored her.维多利亚病得很重，但妥善治疗加上大量休息令她很快就恢复了健康。restore [sth/sb] vtr (spirits, mood)使（精神、情绪等）恢复Edwin was feeling blue after splitting up with his boyfriend, but a night out with his friends restored his spirits.和男朋友分手后，艾德文觉得很抑郁，但与朋友们一夜的尽情玩乐使他恢复了精神。restore [sth/sb] vtr (return [sth/sb] lost or stolen)归还；还给The police restored the lost child to his parents.restrain [sb] vtr (physically) (人身限制)控制，限制The police officers restrained the attacker, pinning his arms behind his back.警察将袭击者的胳膊扭到背后，将其控制起来。restrain [sb] vtr (by others)限制，约束，控制Molly wanted to go to drama school, but felt her parents restrained her, because they expected her to become a doctor.莫莉想上戏剧学院，但觉得受到了父母的限制，因为他们希望她将来当医生。restrict [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (limit or confine to)将…拘禁在；将…局限于The plan is that violent prisoners will be restricted to their cells.根据计划，行为暴力的犯人将被拘禁在自己的囚室中。restudy [sth/sb] vtr (examine again)再次研究；再次检查，再次审查resupply [sb] with [sth] vtr (provide with [sth])重新给...供给；重新给...提供resurrect [sb] vtr (bring back to life)使复活；使起死回生In the fantasy novel, the witch resurrected her dead lover.resuscitate [sb] vtr (bring back to consciousness)使…恢复知觉；使…恢复意识；使…苏醒The paramedics resuscitated the drowning victim.retain [sb] vtr (lawyer, help)雇用；聘请George retained a lawyer for his court case.retake [sb/sth] vtr (military: capture again) (城市、要塞等)夺回, 再次拿下The army retook the small town that they had lost in an earlier battle.reteach [sb] [sth] vtr (educate about [sth] again)再教育；再培训reteach [sb] to do [sth] v expr (train again)重新教...做reteach [sb] how to do [sth] v expr (train again)重新教...怎样做retell [sth] to [sb] vtr (story: recount again)重复讲述After telling his account of the accident to the police, he later had to retell his story to a jury.retell [sb] [sth] vtr (person: inform again)重新告诉After Bobby begged, his mother retold him the story.retell [sb], retell [sb] that vtr (with clause: inform again)重复告诉How many times do I have to retell you that smoking will kill you?retest [sb] vtr (test again)再次试验；重新测试；复测retest [sb] n (repeat exam, retake)重复测试；重测retire [sb] vtr (cause to stop working)使退休The company retired Janine on her sixty-fifth birthday, even though she would have liked to carry on working for a few more years.retire [sb] vtr (baseball: put a batter out) (棒球: 击球手)使…出局retool [sth/sb] vtr (equip again)重新装备；为…更换设备retrain [sb] vtr (teach new skills to)对…重新培训；对…进行再教育The company had to retrain their staff after the merger.retry [sb] vtr (put on trial again)重新提审；再审The accused was retried in the light of new evidence.return [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (give back to owner)将某物归还给某人；将某物返还给某人You should return that money to its rightful owner.你应该把那笔钱归还给它的合法所有人。return [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (take back)把…归还给…，把…还给Please ensure you return your books to the library on time.请一定记得按时把你借的书归还到图书馆。return [sb] vtr (official: re-elect) (通过民意选举)重新选举…为议员She was returned to office with a slender majority.return a call, return [sb]'s call v expr (phone [sb] back)回电；给...回电话Can I return your call when I'm less busy?reunite [sb], reunite [sb] and [sb] vtr (bring together back)使…重聚This TV show reunites relatives who haven't seen each other for decades.reunite [sb] with [sb] vtr + prep (bring together again)把…重新拢到一起I helped to reunite my mom with her lost father.revere [sb/sth] vtr formal (worship, venerate)尊崇；崇敬；崇拜My daughter reveres her father, even though he's never home.review [sth/sb] vtr (inspect: troops) (军队、部队等)检阅The general reviewed the troops before battle.revile [sb] vtr formal (abuse verbally)辱骂Timothy felt ashamed after he publicly reviled his children.revitalize [sb], also UK: revitalise [sb] vtr (revive, refresh [sb])使…恢复生气；使…重焕活力The cold water revitalized Nancy after a long workout.revive [sb/sth] vtr (bring back to life)使复活We tried but failed to revive the kitten.revive [sb/sth] vtr (bring back to consciousness)使苏醒Splash water in his face and see if it revives him.revive [sb] vtr (refresh [sb])使恢复精力；使精神振奋；使恢复活力A short rest in the garden revived us tremendously.revivify [sth/sb] vtr (reinvigorate)使重新恢复活力；焕发...的生机revolt against [sth/sb] vi + prep (rebel, protest)反抗The students revolted against the school's new dress code.revolt [sb] vtr (disgust)使…恶心I won't date Peter; his ugly face revolts me.revolve around [sb/sth] vi + prep (go around)围绕…旋转，绕着…转The Earth revolves around the sun.地球围绕太阳旋转。revolve around [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (be centred on) (比喻)以…为中心，围着…转Edwin thinks the world revolves around him.埃德温认为全世界都要围着他转。reward [sb] vtr (give a gift, [sth] in return)给予…作为酬劳；奖赏His boss rewarded him with a day off for his hard work.因为他工作勤奋，老板奖赏了他一天假。reward [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (give a gift in return for [sth])为…给…奖赏The teacher rewarded the class for good behavior.大家表现很好，所以老师奖励了全班。reward [sb] for doing [sth] v expr (give a gift for [sth] done)为做…给…酬谢The man rewarded Richard for returning his dog.理查德归还了那位男子的狗，获得了他的酬谢。reward [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (give in return for [sth] done)用…回报Mrs. Jones rewarded the helpful children with chocolate cupcakes.琼斯太太用巧克力小蛋糕回报孩子们的帮助。rewash [sth/sb] vtr (wash again)再次洗；重新洗rib [sb] vtr informal (tease [sb])戏弄；讥笑Carol's colleagues kept ribbing her after the silly mistake she made.rib [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep (tease [sb] about [sth])因…取笑某人；因…嘲笑某人Billy's classmates rib him about his red hair.be rid of [sb/sth] v expr (be free of)摆脱I couldn't stand her, and I'm glad to be rid of her!我完全受不了她，所以很高兴自己能够摆脱她！ride [sb] vtr usually passive (fill, overwhelm: with an emotion) (常用于被动语态)困扰, 压迫He was ridden with anxiety about his exams.ride [sb] to do [sth] v expr US, informal, figurative (harass)不停地数落；唠叨She kept riding him to get him to follow the rules.ride [sb] vtr (carry)驮着；驾着I ride my son on my shoulders.ride [sb/sth] down, ride down [sb/sth] vtr + adv (trample under hooves) (指被马)踩踏，践踏ride [sb] down, ride down [sb] vtr + adv (catch up with)赶上；追上ride [sb] out of town v expr US, figurative (force to leave)赶出；赶走The gangster rode his rivals out of town.ridicule [sb/sth] vtr (mock, deride)嘲笑；讥笑；奚落Don't ridicule the plan till you've seen the details.be right for [sb] adj (compatible with [sb])对…合适的；对…最恰当的Everyone knew Marshall and Elaine were right for each other.所有人都知道马歇尔和伊莱恩是最契合的一对。rile [sb] vtr (annoy, anger)使…恼怒；激怒；惹恼Tony's arrogance really riles me.rim [sb] vtr vulgar, slang (sex: perform anilingus) (性交中，粗俗语)舔…的肛门ring [sb] vtr UK (phone)打电话Edward rang all of his friends.爱德华给所有的朋友都打了电话。ring [sb] vtr (surround)包围；围住The police ringed the gang.ringer, a ringer for [sb], dead ringer, a dead ringer for [sb] n slang (person identical to another)外貌酷似的人Has anyone ever said that you're a ringer for George Clooney?rip [sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep (snatch, wrest)从…处抢走；从…处强夺走Emily ripped the weapon from her opponent's grasp.rip [sb/sth] apart vtr + adv slang, figurative (criticize harshly)严厉批判...；抨击...；大加批评...The critics ripped the author apart.rise against [sth/sb] vi + prep (resist, protest against)反抗，起义The slaves plan to rise against their masters.rival [sb/sth] vtr (be equal to)比得上；与…相匹敌She has a natural beauty to rival that of any movie star.她天生丽质，美貌可与任何影星相匹敌。rivet [sb] vtr figurative (transfix, hold attention of)吸引住…的注意力The magician riveted the small children.roar, the roar of [sb] n figurative (person, group: loud utterance) (个人或团体)吼叫，嚎叫The team was encouraged by the roar of the crowd.球队受到了人群吼叫的鼓励。roar at [sb] vi + prep figurative (person: yell, shout)冲…吼道；冲…大声说When Brian's boss discovered his mistake, she roared at him to come into her office.老板发现布莱恩的错误时，冲他大声吼道，要他速来办公室。roast [sb] vtr figurative, informal (criticize harshly)严厉批评The critics roasted the director over his latest film.roast [sb] vtr figurative, informal (mock, insult)开…的玩笑；戏弄Ian's colleagues roasted him at his retirement party.rob [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep often passive (steal [sth] from [sb])抢劫某人的某物；偷盗某人的某物According to the police, the store was robbed of more than 5,000 dollars.The pickpockets robbed the tourists of their wallets.据警方消息，这家店被抢走了 5000 多美元。游客们的钱包被小偷偷走了。rob [sb] vtr often passive (steal from)偷；偷盗；偷取Mark's been afraid to go out since he was robbed in the street.自从在街上被偷，马克就不敢出门了。rob [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (deprive [sb] of [sth])使失去；夺去；剥夺You've robbed me of everything but my dignity! She had to start working when she was 12 years old so she was robbed of her youth.你夺去了我的一切，但不能剥夺我的尊严！她12岁就不得不参加工作，青春时光就这样被剥夺了。rob [sb] vtr figurative, informal (overcharge deliberately)敲诈；向…收取高额费用；宰客Twenty pounds for this? That shopkeeper robbed you!rob [sb] vtr figurative, usually passive, informal (deprive unfairly)剥夺The referee got it totally wrong! We were robbed!robe [sb] vtr formal (dress)给…穿衣rock [sb] vtr (baby: move side to side)使…轻轻摇晃；轻轻摇动The mother sang her baby a lullaby as she rocked him in her arms.这位母亲一边给宝宝唱着摇篮曲，一边抱着宝宝轻轻摇动使其入睡。rock [sb/sth] vtr (disturb, upset)使…不安；扰乱The crisis rocked them from their routine.rock [sb] to sleep v expr (swing gently until asleep)轻摇...哄睡觉The father gently rocked his baby son to sleep.roger [sb] vtr vulgar, slang (man: have sex with)与…性交Julie was livid when she found out her husband had been rogering someone else.roil [sb] vtr figurative (make [sb] angry)激怒；惹怒Nothing roils me more than hypocrites.roll [sb] vtr US, slang (rob)打劫，盗窃，偷盗I wanted his watch, so I rolled him.roll over [sb] vi + prep figurative (sport: defeat)战胜；打败，击败In the final game, Brazil rolled over Canada 15 to 2.决赛中，巴西以15比2击败加拿大。romance [sb] vtr (be romantic with [sb])谈恋爱；制造浪漫Glenn romanced his girlfriend by whisking her away to Paris for the weekend.为了制造浪漫，格伦周末带自己女朋友去了巴黎。rook [sb] vtr (swindle)诈骗The con artist rooked me out of my money.root [sb] vtr AU, vulgar, slang (have sex with)与...做爱rope [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep figurative (involve [sb] in [sth])拉…参加rope [sb] into doing [sth] v expr figurative (involve [sb] in doing)拉某人做某事Gareth roped Mike into going rock climbing with him.I've been roped into helping out at the school fete.roster [sb] vtr (schedule [sb] to do a task)把…列入登记表；把…列入执勤表The boss rostered Josh to work the early morning shift.老板把乔什列入登记表，让他上早班。roughhouse [sb] vtr slang (treat [sb] roughly)粗暴对待...round on [sb] vtr phasal insep (verbally assault)骂，叱骂；叱责，责骂rouse [sb] to [sth] vtr (provoke, incite)激起；挑起；激怒His references to mine closures roused anger in the crowd.rouse [sb] vtr (wake)唤醒；叫醒；使醒来See if you can rouse your sister - it's almost nine.roust [sb] vtr (rouse)叫醒, 唤醒；唤起, 唤醒rout [sb/sth] vtr (military: defeat decisively)使…惨败；打垮；击溃Wellington's army routed the French at the Battle of Waterloo.rout [sb/sth] vtr (military: disperse, cause to retreat)击溃；打垮The general successfully routed the enemy and won the war.rout [sb/sth] vtr (cause to flee or take flight)驱散；打散The gunshot routed a flock of birds.row [sb] vtr (convey in a rowed boat)划船运送；划渡The sailor rowed the prisoner to shore.rub [sb/sth] down with [sth] v expr (rub thoroughly with [sth])用…擦遍rub [sth] off [sth/sb] vtr + prep (remove by wiping)擦掉…上的；将...从...上擦除He rubbed the specks of mud off his shoe.他将鞋上的泥渍擦除。rub shoulders with [sb], rub elbows with [sb] v expr informal, figurative (socialize with [sb])与…交往, 与…接触She likes to rub shoulders with important people.rub [sb] the wrong way, rub [sb] up the wrong way v expr figurative, informal (irritate)激怒；使...生气My colleague's habit of whistling as he works rubs me up the wrong way.rub [sb]'s nose in [sth] v expr figurative, informal (tease someone persistently about)揭...的伤疤；调侃...所犯错误rubbish [sth/sb] vtr UK, informal (disparage)贬低；轻视；蔑视Neil is always rubbishing his colleagues.尼尔总是贬低自己的同事。ruffle [sb] vtr figurative (fluster)惹恼, 触怒Our questions about the divorce seem to have ruffled him.ruffle [sb]'s feathers v expr figurative (offend, upset)使...发怒；使...生气ruin [sth/sb] vtr (bankrupt)让...破产The business was ruined by the bad economy.经济不景气造成那家企业破产。rule [sb] vtr (control, influence)管理；通过影响来控制The manager ruled his employees' behaviour.rule over [sth/sb] vi + prep (govern)支配；统治rumble [sb] vtr often passive, slang (realise deceit)看穿；识破Sam realized his wife had rumbled him when he saw her looking in through the window.rumor [sb] into [sth] (US), rumour [sb] into [sth] (UK) vtr + prep often passive (pressure by rumors)某人因谣言压力陷入The politician was rumoured into resigning.run to [sb] vi + prep figurative, informal (have recourse to)求助于；跑去找He always runs to the teacher if you make fun of him.run [sb] [sth] vtr (cost)让...花费；让... 支出That new roof could run you several thousand.run [sb] vtr (sponsor a candidate)支持…参选；使参选；提名…为候选人The party wanted to run her for the senate seat.run afoul of [sth/sb], fall afoul of [sth/sb] v expr (come into conflict with)与...冲突；违背Tim's plans to build a garden shed fell afoul of regulations.run against [sb] vi + prep (oppose in election)同…竞选run in the family, run in [sb]'s family v expr (be inherited, genetic)世代相传；家族遗传Artistic talent must run in Paul's family; he and his three sisters are all painters.run into [sth/sb] vi + prep (collide with, crash into)撞上；撞到According to the report, the bus ran into the wall at a high speed.Two cars ran into each other this morning.报道称，那辆公交汽车以极快的速度撞到了墙上。今晨发生了两车相撞的事故。run [sb] into the ground v expr figurative (overwork)使...过度劳累run [sb] off [sth] vtr + prep US, informal (chase away)将…从…驱散The protesters were run off the property by the police.警察将抗议人员从房子里驱散。run [sb] ragged vtr + adj informal (exhaust [sb])令...疲惫不堪The kids have been running Elizabeth ragged all day; all she wants to do now is go to bed.run rings around [sb] v expr US, informal (easily outwit or surpass)远远超过；大大胜过run smack into [sb/sth] v expr informal (bump into)与...相撞The bank robber ran smack into a policemen as he was fleeing the bank.rush at [sb/sth] vi + prep (charge, run at [sb/sth])冲向, 扑向The bull suddenly rushed at the farmer.公牛突然冲向了农夫。rush [sb] vtr (American football: tackle) (橄榄球)突破，突袭，冲向He rushed the player with the ball.rush [sb/sth] vtr (transport with haste)快速运送The paramedics rushed Fred to the hospital.rush [sb/sth] vtr (charge)突袭；冲向；向…猛冲The army rushed the enemy.rusticate [sth/sb] vtr (make countrified)使...在乡村生活；使...乡村化rusticate [sb] vtr UK (suspend from university)勒令…暂时退学saber [sb] (US), sabre [sb] (UK) vtr (attack with a sabre)用马刀砍，用军刀砍The soldier quickly sabered the prisoner without waiting for an explanation.士兵不待解释便飞快地用军刀砍向囚犯。sack [sb] vtr UK, informal (dismiss from job)解雇，开除The boss sacked Edward because he was late all the time.爱德华总是迟到，所以老板开除了他。sadden [sb] vtr (make sad)使…难过；使…忧伤；使…难过The tragic scene in the film saddened the audience.sadden [sb] to do [sth] v expr (make sad)使悲伤It saddens me to see you so miserable.saddle [sb] with [sth], saddle [sb] with [sb] vtr + prep figurative, informal, often passive (burden)使担负重担I've been saddled with my little sister all weekend.整个周末，我都使自己的妹妹担负重担。salute [sb] vtr (give military greeting to) (军队)向…敬礼The soldier saluted the colonel.salute [sb/sth] vtr figurative (respect, commend)向...致敬；赞扬；颂扬What you've done is amazing; I salute you!sandbag [sb] vtr figurative, informal (coerce, intimidate)迫使；胁迫sandwich [sb/sth] between [sb/sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (surround)把…夹在…中间I was sandwiched between two sumo wrestlers on that flight! The host sandwiched me between two bankers at the dinner table and they just kept talking across me about investments.那次飞行途中，我被夹在两个相扑运动员中间！晚餐桌上，主人将我安排在两名银行家中间，那两个人一直越过我大谈投资。sap [sth/sb] vtr (hit [sth/sb] with a sap)用警棍打；用短棒打sass [sb] vtr US, informal (be cheeky to [sb])对…说无礼的话；对…出言不逊Don't sass me, mister!satiate [sb/sth] vtr (satisfy: an appetite)使…吃饱；使…饱足；喂饱satirize [sth/sb], also UK: satirise [sth/sb] vtr (mock, ridicule)讽刺；讥讽The play satirizes modern politics.satisfy [sb] vtr (person)使…满意Harry's boss is very demanding; it's difficult to satisfy her.哈利的老板很苛刻：要让她满意可不容易。satisfy [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (relieve [sb] of doubt)消除…对…的疑虑The defendant satisfied the jury of his innocence.被告人消除了陪审团对他的疑虑。satisfy the requirements of [sth/sb] v expr (fulfil needs, expectations)满足要求This cheap computer will satisfy the requirements of most pensioners.savage [sb/sth] vtr (attack brutally)凶猛攻击The lion savaged the wildebeest.狮子对角马发起了凶猛攻击。savage [sth], savage [sb] vtr figurative (attack: with words)激烈抨击The critics savaged the director's latest film.save [sb] [sth] vtr (remove need)减少；避免A dishwasher will save you a lot of work.save [sb] vtr (convert to Christianity) (宗教)拯救, 挽救The missionaries came to save the villagers.save [sb] from [sth] v expr (rescue [sb] from [sth])将…从…救出The lifeguard saved the boy from drowning.save the blushes of [sb], save [sb]'s blushes v expr (avoid embarrassing [sb])免得…尴尬；使…免于受窘Samantha saved Ben's blushes by not mentioning who had broken the vase.save [sb]'s bacon v expr figurative, informal (rescue, help)助一臂之力；使摆脱困境Gudrun saved my bacon by lending me some money for the bus ticket.saw [sth/sb] vtr (cut with a saw)锯The carpenter sawed the plank to the right size. The magician sawed his assistant in half.木匠把木板锯成合适的尺寸。魔术师把助手锯成了两半。say [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (utter to)对某人说Rahul, say sorry to your brother.拉胡尔，快对弟弟道歉。say farewell, say farewell to [sb] v expr (say goodbye to [sb])道别, 说再见You should say farewell to him before he leaves.say goodbye, say goodbye to [sb], say good-bye to [sb] vi (bid [sb] farewell)道别；说再见Say goodbye to your cousin for me!say no to [sth/sb] v expr (refuse)拒绝；对…说不I'm going to have to say no to another piece of cake.say sorry to [sb] for [sth] v expr (apologize to [sb] for [sth] done)为某事向某人道歉say yes to [sb] v expr (give [sb] consent)同意The boss wouldn't let Wendy do that project, but when I asked, he said yes to me.say yes to [sb] v expr (accept [sb]'s invitation)接受...的邀请scald [sb/sth] vtr (burn with hot liquid)烫伤The boiling water splashed and scalded Mara's hand.scalp [sb] vtr historical (remove scalp)剥下…的头皮Some Native American tribes used to scalp their enemies.scam [sb] vtr (defraud)欺诈；诓骗The conman scammed a lot of people into investing in a fake company.那个骗子诓骗很多人投资了一家虚假公司。scan [sb] vtr (medicine: examine [sb] by machine) (医疗)扫描检查The clinic scans women for breast cancer.那家诊所为女性提供乳腺癌筛查服务。scandalize [sb], also UK: scandalise [sb] vtr (offend [sb] morally)冒犯…的道德观念The news of her granddaughter's pregnancy scandalized the old woman.scapegoat [sb] vtr figurative (blame for others)让…当替罪羊，让…背黑锅If it's your fault, you should take responsibility and not scapegoat someone else.如果是你的错，你就应该负起责任来，不要让别人背黑锅。scar [sb/sth] vtr (cause a scar)给...留下疤痕The bullet scarred Laura's leg.子弹给劳拉的腿留下了疤痕。scar [sb] vtr figurative (damage psychologically) (心理上的)创伤，伤痕His parents' neglect scarred the child.父母的忽视给孩子的心理留下了创伤。scare [sb] vtr (frighten)惊吓；使恐慌The sudden appearance of a face at the window scared Josh.窗户上突然出现一张脸，把乔希吓得够呛。scare the living daylights out of [sb], also US: scare the daylights out of [sb] v expr informal (frighten [sb])吓某人个半死；吓得某人魂不附体Did you have to jump out at me like that? You scared the living daylights out of me!be scared of [sth/sb] v expr (have a fear of)使害怕；使恐惧Magali was scared of fireworks.玛佳丽害怕烟火。scarify [sb] vtr (perform ritual cutting on)对…进行疤痕纹身scathe [sb] vtr rare, literary, literal (harm, wound)伤害，损害备注: Most commonly used now as the adjective "scathing"The blade merely scathed the soldier's arm.scathe [sth/sb] vtr rare, figurative (criticize harshly)严厉地批评, 尖刻地痛斥The critic scathed the play, causing it to flop.school [sb] vtr (educate)使…受教育She was schooled at one of the nation's best institutions.scoff at [sth/sb] vi + prep (mock, deride)嘲笑They scoffed at my proposal to improve the school.scold [sb] vtr (reprimand) (一般针对孩子)训斥，责骂Beth scolded Amy for going out in the rain without a coat.贝思因为艾米下雨天没有穿外套就出门而训斥了她。scoop [sb/sth] vtr informal (news: publish first) (新闻)抢先报导The news site scooped all its rivals with the sensational story.那家新闻网站抢在所有对手前面，首先报道了这条大新闻。scoop [sth/sb] up vtr + adv (lift, pick up)铲起Dog owners should scoop up their dog's mess and put it in the bin.狗主人应该把狗的粪便捡起来，扔进垃圾箱。scorch [sth/sb] vtr (burn)把…烧焦；把…烤焦The bottom of the pan got scorched in the fire.scorch [sb] vtr figurative, informal (criticize, scold)严厉批评；讽刺score with [sb] vi slang, figurative (have sex) (俚语)做爱, 性交Did you finally score with her last night?scorn [sb] vtr (reject [sb])对…不屑一顾，拒绝Linda wanted to be friends with the cool girls at school, but they scorned her.琳达想和学校里的酷女孩们叫朋友，但她们却对她不屑一顾。scour [sth] for [sth/sb] vtr + prep figurative (search all over)四处搜查某处寻找The police scoured the forest for the suspect, but they could not find him.scourge [sb] vtr historical (punish by whipping)鞭打Though they scourged her many times, she did not confess to the charges.虽然受到数次鞭打，她还是没有认罪。scowl at [sb] vi + prep (frown angrily)愤怒地皱眉；怒视；阴沉着脸Why are you scowling at me?你为什么跟我甩脸子？scrag [sb] vtr slang (strangle, hang)勒；掐…的脖子scratch [sb] vtr (chafe, irritate)让…觉得痒；使…发痒The label in this shirt is scratching me; I'll have to cut it out.这件衬衣上的标签让我觉得很痒，我得把它剪掉。screen [sth/sb] vtr figurative (protect)保护；庇佑The mother screened her children from TV violence.screen [sth/sb] vtr (shelter)保护；庇护The man screened the abandoned children from the cold.screen [sb] vtr (select and reject)选拔；筛选They screen applicants and only hire the best ones.他们筛选候选人，最后只会雇佣最优秀的几个。screen [sb/sth] for [sth] vtr + prep (test [sb/sth] to find [sth])为...而筛查screen-test [sb] vtr (audition [sb])试镜screw [sb] vtr vulgar, slang (have sex with) (粗俗用语)与…性交；把...睡了I think Jay screwed that girl last night.我猜杰昨天把那个女孩子睡了。screw [sb] into doing [sth] v expr figurative, informal (coerce)胁迫；威胁They screwed the hostage into giving them the names they wanted.screw [sb/sth] vtr figurative, informal (cheat)利用，欺骗The embezzler had screwed the system.scrounge off [sb] vi + prep informal (live at [sb] else's expense)白拿；白吃白喝Even though he's over thirty, Evan is still scrounging off his parents and living at their house.scrounge [sth] from [sb], scrounge [sth] off [sb] vtr + prep informal (beg for, obtain from others)索取Beware of Adam; he's always trying to scrounge money off people.scrub [sth/sb] vtr (rub to clean)擦洗；刷洗；擦净Lucy scrubbed the floor.露西把门擦洗干净了。scrub [sth/sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (rub with [sth] to clean)用...把...擦干净；用...把...抹干净Marc scrubbed his face with a flannel to remove the dirt.马尔克用一块法兰绒布把自己脸上的脏灰擦干净。scrutinize [sb/sth], also UK: scrutinise [sb/sth] vtr (examine closely)仔细检查；细看Let's scrutinize these figures and see if they add up.search [sth] for [sth/sb] vtr + prep (examine for)在…中仔细搜查Jessica searched her office for her keys.杰西卡在她的办公室中仔细搜寻自己的钥匙。search [sb] vtr (frisk)搜…的身；对...进行搜身The security guard searched everybody who entered the building.保安对每个进入大楼的人都进行了搜身。seat [sb] vtr (provide with seating)使…就座；给...安排座位We've not enough chairs to seat them.我们没有足够多的椅子来给他们安排座位。seat [sb] vtr ([sb]: install)使就任；使担当某职位He was seated as project manager.seclude [sth/sb] vtr (isolate, shut off)把…隔离开；使…孤立起来The hospital has secluded a number of patients who have possibly contracted the contagious disease.second [sb] vtr (assist, support)支持；辅助Jason wants to second his friend in the match.second [sb] vtr UK, often passive (military: transfer) (军事)调任He was seconded to Guam for four years.second [sb] vtr UK, often passive (worker: transfer)转职；借调Julie has been seconded to the accounts department for six months.second-guess [sb/sth] vtr mainly US (criticize after the fact)事后批评second-guess [sb/sth] vtr (anticipate the actions or intentions of)预测...的行动，推测...的意图section [sb] vtr UK (commit to mental institution)把…强行送往精神病院Charles was sectioned by his parents and spent ten years in an institution.sedate [sb/sth] vtr (tranquilize)给...注射镇静剂The veterinarian will sedate the dog before the operation.兽医会在手术前给狗注射镇静剂。seduce [sb] vtr (person: persuade to have sex)勾引；诱奸We had dinner and then she tried to seduce me.seduce [sb] vtr figurative (tempt)说服, 引诱, 吸引The candidate is trying to seduce voters with promises of lower taxes.see [sth/sb] vtr (observe)看；看见Have you ever seen such a big book?你见过这么大的书吗？see [sth/sb] vtr (make out)辨认出；看得出；看得到Can you see that hill in the distance?你能看得到远处那个山丘吗？see [sb] vtr (visit)看望；看视I'd like to go and see Aunt June this weekend.我想这周末去看看琼姨。see [sb] vtr (consult)咨询； (医生、律师等)看I need to see a doctor.我得去看看大夫了。see [sth/sb] vtr (visualize)想象出； (指在脑海中)看得见； (俚语)脑补出I can just see the look on his face!；see [sth/sb] vtr (regard as, consider)认为…是；把…看作I see her as a future prime minister.see [sb] vtr (date)与…约会We've been seeing each other for three weeks.see [sb] vtr (keep company with)与…交往；与…来往You've been seeing a lot of those boys lately, haven't you?see [sb] vtr (attend to)接待；接见；会见The doctor will see you now.see [sth/sb], see that vtr (notice)注意到；看到I see the miners have gone on strike again, according to the paper.see [sb] as [sth] v expr (consider [sb] to be [sth])把某人视为, 认为某人是The students see their teacher as a role model.学生将老师视为行为榜样。see [sth/sb] in a new light v expr figurative (fresh perspective)从一个全新的角度看Since they repainted the town hall I'm seeing it in a new light.see the back of [sb/sth] v expr figurative, informal (get rid of [sb/sth])摆脱；不愿见到see the last of [sb/sth] v expr informal (not encounter anymore)最后一次见到, 不会再见到see through [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (not be deceived)看穿，看透Mom can always see through your excuses.妈妈总是能看穿你的借口。see [sb] to the door v expr (show out)护送…到门口；将…送到门口Would you see Mrs. Barlow to the door, please?seed [sb] vtr (rank: a contestant)把…列为种子选手Wendy performed well in the competition, and was seeded for the next tournament.温蒂在比赛中表现出色，被列为下一场锦标赛的种子选手。seek [sb/sth] vtr (look, search for [sth], [sb])寻找, 搜寻The detective is seeking some clues to the crime.这个侦探在寻找犯罪的线索。segregate [sb] vtr (separate)分开；分离They've started segregating classes according to sex.seize [sth/sb] vtr (grab)抓住Nancy seized Edward's arm.南希抓住了爱德华的胳膊。seize [sth/sb] vtr (take by force) (物件)夺走, 抢走, 夺取； (地区、区域)攻占, 占领； (赃物、毒品、走私品等)缴获The army seized the town after several days of fighting.几天的战斗后，部队攻占了这个镇。seize [sb] vtr figurative, often passive (affect emotionally) (情绪)支配, 控制Seeing the conditions the family was living in, Tim was seized by sadness.select [sth/sb] vtr (choose from group)挑选；选择Given the choice between a red car and a blue car, Rachel selected the red one.雷切尔可以在红车和蓝车中选一辆，他选了红色的。sell [sth/sb] vtr figurative (promote, show to advantage)推销；促销In order to sell yourself in a job interview, self-confidence is key.在工作面试中，自信是自我推销的关键。sell [sb] down the river v expr figurative (betray)背叛某人；背弃某人semaphore [sb] vtr (send flag signal to [sb])向...发旗语semaphore [sb] vtr figurative (with other thing: signal to [sb])暗示；向...说明send [sth], send [sth] to [sb] vtr (cause to go)向...送出；向...发出；发送...给He sent the message to his friend.他把这信息发给了朋友。send [sb] vtr (compel to go)打发某人去；让某人去John's wife sent him to the store for milk.约翰的老婆打发他去商店买牛奶。send [sb] vtr US, slang, dated (delight)使高兴, 让人兴奋That movie really sends me.send [sb] away vi + adv (dismiss)解雇；遣散send [sb] packing v expr informal (make [sb] leave)赶走某人；轰走某人；让某人卷铺盖走人send [sb] round, US: send [sb] around vtr + adv (cause [sb] to visit a place)派某人过去send [sb] to sleep v expr (lull, make sleepy)使…有困意；使…昏昏欲睡Adam sang his daughter a lullaby to send her to sleep.send [sb] to sleep v expr figurative (bore) (形容枯燥)让…昏昏欲睡The professor's voice would send the class to sleep.senior to [sb] adj + prep (of higher rank)比…职位高As chief product manager, Paul is senior to me.保罗是产品主管，比我职位高。sensitivity to [sth/sb] n (receptiveness to) (指感知能力强)对…敏感Tom's sensitivity to other's feelings means he is always very tactful.汤姆对他人的情绪非常敏感，所以他总是很圆滑。sensitize [sb], also UK: sensitise [sb] vtr (make [sb] sensitive) (人)使...敏感The shocking incident sensitized Tina.sensitize [sb] to [sth], also UK: sensitise [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (make [sb] more sensitive to [sth])使...敏感；使意识到The experience sensitized the children to the reality of the world.sentence [sb] vtr (pronounce sentence)判处；判决；宣判The judge sentenced the convicted to thirty years in prison.法官判处罪犯监禁30年。separate [sb], separate [sb] and [sb] vtr (divide, segregate)分开；使分离The teacher separated the boys and the girls.老师将男女生分开。separate [sb] from [sb] vtr + prep (divide, segregate)分开；隔开We had to separate the boys from the girls in class.在班上我们得把女孩和男孩分开。separate [sb], separate [sb] and [sb] vtr (force apart)使分开；使隔离The referee separated the two fighting players.教练把两个打架的球员拉开。separate [sb] from [sth] vtr US (military: dismiss)遣散；开除；开除He was separated from the navy.separate out [sb/sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + adv (divide from the rest)将…从…中区分出来This test will separate out the good students from the bad.separated from [sb] adj + prep ([sb]: have ended relationship)与…分手He is separated from his third wife.sequester [sb] vtr (isolate)使隔绝；使隔离Due to the high-profile nature of the case, the judge decided to sequester the jury.sequestrate [sb] vtr (isolate)使与世隔绝serenade [sb] vtr historical (play a serenade for)为…演奏小夜曲The cowboy serenaded the beautiful woman.serenade [sb] vtr (sing or play music for)为…表演小夜曲The mariachi band serenaded the diners with traditional songs.serve [sb] vtr (help, work for)为…服务；为…工作People join the police force in order to serve their community.人们加入警察队伍是为了服务社区。serve [sth] to [sb] vtr (food: give, bring)把（食物等）提供给The waiters served roast beef and mashed potatoes to the diners.服务员们把烤牛肉和土豆泥提供给食客们。serve [sb] [sth] vtr (give, bring food to) (食物、饮料等)给…提供, 为…端上, 为…摆出She served the children their food.她给孩子们端上了食物。serve [sb] vtr (attend to: a customer) (客人)招待；接待The salesperson is serving another customer right now.销售员现在正在接待另一名客人。serve [sb] vtr (be a servant to)做…的仆人；服侍Alfred served Bruce Wayne loyally.阿尔弗莱德忠诚地服侍着布鲁斯·韦恩。serve [sb] vtr (fulfil the needs of)满足...的需要；实现...的需要Yes, this particular screwdriver will serve me fine.是的，这把螺丝刀能满足我的需要。serve, serve [sth] to [sb], serve [sb] [sth] vtr (law: hand over) (法律)送达（传票等）The policeman served a summons to the witness.serve [sth/sb] vtr (supply)服务于；供给Our company serves the Tri-State Area.serve [sb] [sth] vtr (law: hand over) (法律)向…传达（传票等）His lawyer has just served me a summons.serve [sth/sb] vtr (work for)为…工作；在…工作；为…服务She served the company well for twenty-five years.她为这家公司工作了25年。serve [sb] right vtr + adv ([sth] bad: be deserved) (指坏事)报应不爽；是..的报应I'm not surprised the dog bit you, with the way you keep teasing him; it serves you right!service [sb] with [sth] vtr (supply)为...供应；为...提供The company serviced them with office supplies.set [sb] [sth] vtr (assign [sb] [sth])分配；指派The teacher set his pupils several tasks.set [sb/sth] to [sth], set [sb/sth] on [sth] v expr (apply, start)让…开始…；让…着手…The boss set his employees to work on the project.老板让下属开始进行该项目。set a trap for [sb] v expr (ensnare, trick)为某人设下陷阱；给某人下套We set a trap for him to see if we were right about him stealing from the till.set [sb] back vtr + adv (hinder progress of)阻碍备注: A hyphen is used when the term is a nounIt really set me back when I lost my job.丢了工作，让我真的很受挫。set [sb] back [sth] vtr + adv (cost: a certain sum)花费This repair work is likely to set me back more than £500.这项修理服务可能需要花费500多英镑。set [sth] before [sb] vtr + prep (place in front of)置于…之前备注: Often used in the passive.At about 3 months, a baby begins to focus its eyes on objects set before him.He set the plate of cookies before his mother.set eyes on [sth/sb] v expr figurative (see [sth/sb])看见；见到set [sb] right v expr (correct [sb]'s mistaken idea)纠正set [sb] to work v expr (cause to start doing [sth])让（某人）着手工作The manager set the new employee to work filing invoices.set [sb] up with [sb], set up [sb] with [sb] v expr (get [sb] together with [sb])把...介绍给, 给...和...说媒, 给...和...牵红线Ed's sister tried to set him up with one of her friends, but they didn't hit it off.艾德的姐妹尝试为他与自己的一位朋友说媒，但是他们之间合不来。set [sb] up with [sth] v expr mainly US, informal (pay for drinks)替...付…的钱That generous woman set us all up with drinks last night.昨晚，那位大方的女士请我们大家喝酒。set [sb]'s teeth on edge v expr figurative (cause discomfort)让...感到不舒服； (比喻不适)让...牙根发酸settle accounts with [sb] v expr (pay debts)与…结清账目You need to settle accounts with us before we can deliver a new order.settle accounts with [sb] v expr US, informal (take revenge) (比喻)找…算账，找…清算I'm going to settle accounts with those thugs who beat me up.settle the score with [sb], pay off the score with [sb] v expr figurative (take revenge on [sb])找…算帐；向…报仇Alex dreamed up ways to settle the score with his enemies.The author wrote the scandalous book to settle the score with her one-time friends.settle with [sb] vi + prep (pay [sb] a bill or debt)还...的钱；settle with [sb] vi + prep (reach an agreement with [sb])与...达成协议settle with [sb] vi + prep (get your revenge with [sb])向...复仇sext [sb] vtr informal (send [sb] explicit text)给…发送性短信sexualize [sth/sb], also UK: sexualise [sth/sb] vtr (see in a sexual way)带性色彩地看待；从性的角度看待sexualize [sth/sb], also UK: sexualise [sth/sb] vtr (assign sexual significance to)使...有性的特征；使...有性别shackle [sb] vtr (put restraints on)给…戴上手铐；给…戴上枷锁Police shackled him and put him in the back of the van.shade [sb/sth] vtr (protect from sun)为…遮阴；为…挡光The trees shaded the garden.树木为花园遮阴。shade [sb/sth] from [sth] vtr + prep (protect from sun)为…遮挡阳光The parasol shaded the patio from the sun.阳伞为阳台投下了荫凉。shadow [sb] vtr (follow)跟随；尾随The detective shadowed the suspect.shadow [sb] vtr (be apprentice to)当…的学徒；当…的实习生Ken shadowed the chef for two years before working on his own.shadow [sb] vtr figurative (accompany to learn)跟着…学习Interns shadow different employees to learn their jobs.The little girl is shadowing her father at work today.shaft [sb] vtr figurative, vulgar, slang (have sex with) (意指发生性关系)睡；与…性交I heard Brian's shafting Marsha.我听说布莱恩在睡玛莎。shaft [sb] vtr figurative, vulgar, slang (cheat)欺骗Too late, Adrian realised the shopkeeper had shafted him.太晚了。阿德里安已经发现店主在骗他。shag [sb] vtr UK, vulgar, slang (have sex with)与…性交Apparently, Linda is shagging Rick.shake [sth] (at [sb]) vtr (brandish)向...挥舞；向...挥动He angrily shook a stick at them.shake [sb] into (doing) [sth] vtr figurative (prompt [sb])使动摇, 使改变主意This news will shake people into action.shake [sb] vtr figurative (disturb deeply)使震惊；扰乱；使非常烦恼This bad news will shake her.shake [sb/sth] vtr (cause to doubt)让...心生怀疑；动摇Scientific proof might shake his faith.shake [sb] vtr slang (elude)避免, 摆脱I can't shake the police!shake hands with [sb] v expr (greet [sb] by clasping hands)跟…握手It's really a pleasure to shake hands with you at last.终于和你握手了，我非常高兴。shake [sb] off vtr + adv figurative (evade: [sb] following)甩掉（跟踪者）Someone was following me, but I managed to shake him off.有人在跟踪我，不过我设法甩掉了他。shame [sb] vtr (disgrace)使丢脸；使蒙羞His actions shamed the family.他的行为让家族蒙羞。shame [sb] into [sth] v expr (motivate with shame)让某人因感到羞耻而做某事The preacher shamed the congregation into action.牧师让会众羞愧，因而采取行动。shame [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (motivate with shame)使蒙羞；使感到羞愧A barrage of criticism on social media shamed the actress into apologising for her comments.社交媒体上的批评铺天盖地，让这位女演员愧不可当，出面为自己的言论道歉。shame [sb] vtr (make ashamed)使感到羞愧His mother shamed him for leaving the toys out.shampoo [sb] vtr (wash [sb]'s hair)给…洗头The salon assistant shampooed the woman and gave her a scalp treatment.shanghai [sb] vtr slang (kidnap to work as a sailor)强行让...在海上服务备注: 用酒等使人失去知觉后将其绑架到船上当水手shanghai [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep slang, figurative (force)强迫, 胁迫shanghai [sb] into doing [sth] v expr slang, figurative (force to do [sth])强迫...做shank [sb] vtr slang (stab)捅；刺The gang member was arrested for shanking one of his rivals.share [sth] with [sb/sth] vtr + prep (use [sth] together)跟…共用…，与…合用…Kathy shares the house with her sister.凯茜跟妹妹共用那套房子。share [sth] with [sb/sth] vtr + prep (allow [sb] to use [sth])与…分享…Gary shared the toy with his brother.盖里与弟弟分享那个玩具。sharpen [sb]'s wits v expr (make smarter)使某人思维敏捷I find that doing crosswords sharpens my wits.shatter [sb] vtr figurative, often passive (shock, devastate)使震惊；使受到重大打击；击垮Nancy was shattered by her dad's revelation that he was not her biological father. The shock would be enough to shatter the nerves of just about anyone.shatter [sb] vtr informal, often passive (tire out)使筋疲力尽；使疲累不堪Brian was shattered by the long walk.shave [sb] vtr (remove facial hair from [sb])给…刮脸；为…修面The barber shaved Simon.理发师为西蒙刮脸。shell shock [sb], shell-shock [sb] vtr (act of war: cause trauma)使...患上炮弹休克shelter [sb/sth] vtr (protect)使…免受侵害；保护；庇护The hen shelters her chicks.shepherd [sth/sb] vtr figurative (guide like sheep)带领；护送The tour guide shepherded the group around the museum.导游带领着这群人参观了博物馆。shew [sth] to [sb], shew [sb] [sth] v expr archaic (show: demonstrate [sth] to [sb])向...演示；向...展示shield [sb], shield [sb] from [sth] vtr (protect physically)保护；保卫The wall shielded John from the wind.墙壁保护约翰不受寒风侵袭。shield [sb] vtr figurative (child, etc.: protect)保护；庇护Parents often want to shield their children.父母总想保护自己的孩子。shield [sb], shield [sb] from [sth] vtr figurative (protect [sb] from [sth])保护…；保护…不受…影响Nancy wants to shield her family from harm.南希想保护自己的家人免受伤害。shift [sb] vtr Ire, slang (kiss passionately)深情地吻shine [sth] on [sth/sb], shine [sth] at [sth/sb] vtr (direct light)把光照向，使照亮Shine the light on the corner.用手电照着那个角落。ship [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (send or post to) (货物等)把…发送给某人I requested that the company ship my order to my home address.我要求公司将我的订单发送至我的住家地址。ship [sb] vtr figurative (relocate)送…去别的地方工作His company shipped him to Richmond to open a new office.他被公司调去列治文，负责新办事处开设的工作。ship [sb] vtr (romantic relationship: support, endorse) (恋爱关系，恋情)支持, 赞同备注: mainly used about fictional relationships on TV showsI really ship those two; they're adorable together.我真的很赞同那俩人在一起，他们俩太合适了。shipwreck [sb/sth] vtr figurative, often passive (ruin, destroy)毁灭；摧毁The company was shipwrecked by its directors' careless spending.shirty with [sb] adj + prep UK, informal (irritable with)生...的气；对...不耐烦shoal of [sth/sb] n figurative, informal (group, collection)大群，大量A shoal of pots and pans littered the kitchen.shock [sb] vtr (emotional: upset) (情感)使震惊, 使骇异, 使愤慨The news of her father's death shocked her.父亲去世的消息让她非常震惊。shock [sb] vtr (scandalize) (丑闻等)震动, 震惊When the senator took off his trousers, he shocked the entire legislature.议员脱下裤子的那一刻，整个立法院都震惊了。shock [sb] vtr (electricity)电击shoo [sth/sb] vtr informal (chase, drive away)以嘘声赶走Aunt Lydia shooed us out of the kitchen while she was cooking dinner.shoo [sth/sb] away vtr + adv informal (chase, drive away)赶走shoot at [sth/sb] vi + prep (fire a gun at)射击；开枪射击The soldiers shot at the enemy.士兵们向敌人开枪射击。shoot [sb/sth] vtr (kill with gun, etc.)枪杀；射死Where did you shoot that deer?你是在哪里射杀了那匹鹿？shoot [sb/sth] in [sth] vtr + prep (wound by firing gun, etc.)射中；射伤The soldier was shot in the leg.士兵的腿被射伤了。shoot [sb] vtr (execute by gunfire)枪毙The prisoner was shot by the firing squad.那位囚犯被行刑队枪决了。shoot [sth/sb] vtr (take a photo of)给…拍照The fashion model allows only a few photographers to shoot pictures of her.那名时装模特只允许几个摄影师给她拍照。shoot a glance at [sb], dart a glance at [sb], cast a glance at [sb] v expr (look quickly at)瞟了某人一眼shoot [sb] a glance, cast [sb] a glance v expr (look quickly at)瞟了某人一眼shop [sb] vtr UK, slang (inform on) (俚语)告发；检举The thief was caught when his girlfriend shopped him to the police.short with [sb] adj + prep informal (abrupt, curt)简短的，短促的；简略的When I asked him if he could help, he was rather short with me.我问他能不能帮忙，他没多说什么。short [sb] vtr US, informal (cheat, shortchange)少付My company shorted me two days' pay this month.shortchange [sb] (US), short-change [sb] (UK) vtr (return insufficient money to) (找钱时)少找零钱shortchange [sb] (US), short-change [sb] (UK) vtr informal, figurative (cheat out of [sth], deprive of [sth])欺骗, 骗取short-list, shortlist vtr often passive (choose as finalist)将…列入决选名单The author was surprised when her debut novel was shortlisted for a literature award.shout at [sb] vi + prep (raise one's voice angrily at)冲着某人嚷嚷；冲着某人大叫大嚷，冲着某人大喊大叫If I don't shout at the children, they take no notice of me.我要是不冲着孩子们大喊大叫的话，他们就不会理我。shout [sb] [sth] vtr informal, UK, AU (buy drink, etc. for [sb])请…吃…；请…喝…Chris shouted Mark a beer.克里斯请马克喝了一杯啤酒。shove [sb/sth] vtr (move by pushing)猛推；用力推Helen shoved the chair out of her way.海伦用力地把挡路的椅子推开。show [sth] to [sb], show [sb] [sth] vtr (display)向…展示He showed his collection of postcards to his visitors.他向访客们展示自己收集的明信片。show [sb] how to do [sth] vtr (demonstrate)给...演示；通过示范给...教He showed his daughter how to tie her shoes.他给女儿演示如何系鞋带。show [sb] [sth] vtr (exhibit)展示；展出Can you show me the correct way to tie a reef knot?你能向我展示打平结的正确方法吗?show [sth] to [sb], show [sb] [sth] vtr (offer for sale) (以出售为目的)给…看, 展示The agent will show the house to interested buyers.show [sth] to [sb], show [sb] [sth] vtr (produce facts, evidence)向...出示；向...展示She showed them the statistics to help prove her point.show [sth] to [sb], show [sb] [sth] vtr (grant: favour, mercy)给予；赐予He showed him great mercy by not executing him.show [sb] to [sth], show [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (escort)领...到The waiter will show you to your table.The hostess showed her guests into the sitting room.show [sb] a clean pair of heels, show a clean pair of heels to [sb] v expr figurative, informal (competitors: leave behind)在竞争中胜过；在竞争中超越show [sb] around, UK: show [sb] round vtr + adv (guide round a new place)带...参观；领...四处看看Sally was asked to show her new classmate around.show [sb] around [sth], UK: show [sb] round [sth] vtr + prep (guide round a new place)领…参观The real estate broker showed the couple around the apartment.show consideration for [sb] v expr (exhibit respect for)表现出对…的尊重I try always to show consideration for old people.show consideration to [sb] vtr (be kind towards)关心；关照；照顾Were you not taught to show consideration to your elders?show respect for [sb/sth] v expr (show high regard)对…表现出敬意；对…表示尊重We train all our employees to show respect for the customers.show respect to [sb] v expr (be deferential)对…态度恭敬You need to show more respect to your father.show [sb] the ropes v expr (teach a newcomer how to do things)传授秘诀；教人做事诀窍show [sb] the way v expr (guide)给…指路The bell boy showed Lucy the way to her room.show [sb] the way to [sth] v expr (guide)给…指前往…的路Could you show me the way to the post office?shower [sb] with [sth] vtr (outpouring) (感情等)向...倾注His fans showered him with love after his latest win.shower [sth/sb] vtr (wet)浇湿；喷淋He sprayed the hose at the little girls and showered them with water.shower [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr (cover with [sth]) (彩色纸屑等)朝…扔；让...如雨般落在The photo showed the bride and groom showered with confetti.shower [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr figurative (bombard: with bullets) (子弹或炮弹等)阵雨般地落在The enemy was showering them with gunfire.shrive [sb] vtr Biblical, archaic (Christianity: take confession of) (基督教)恕…的罪The bishop shrived the sobbing woman.shroud [sth/sb] vtr figurative (cover, conceal [sth], [sb])笼罩Thick fog shrouded the mountain tops.浓雾笼罩着山顶。shroud [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (cover [sth], [sb] with [sth])用…遮住；覆盖Tim shrouded Daisy in a hooded cloak, so that she could pass unseen through the town.提姆用一件带兜帽的斗篷遮住黛西，好让她不被发现地穿过镇上。shroud [sb/sth] vtr (dead body: wrap)用裹尸布裹The undertaker shrouded the body.殡仪员用裹尸布将尸体裹起来。shuffle [sth/sb] vtr (employees: reassign jobs)改组The company is shuffling its staff in an effort to save jobs, but still cut costs.对了不裁员的情况下减少成本，公司正在进行员工重组。shun [sb] vtr (avoid [sb]) (故意不和某人见面)躲避，回避The whole class shunned Gavin when they found out what he'd done.发现盖文的所作所为后，全班都回避他。shunt [sth/sb] vtr figurative (move aside)将某人或某物转移到另外的地点The old man shunted the cart that was on the sidewalk.shush [sb] vtr informal (cause [sb] to be quiet)让…别作声；用嘘声让…安静The librarian shushed the noisy teenagers.shuttle [sth/sb] vtr (transport between two points)在两地往返运送There is a bus to shuttle people between the car park and the entrance to the theme park.有一趟公交车在停车场和主题公园入口之间往返运送乘客。sic [sth] on [sb], sick [sth] on [sb] v expr (urge dog to attack [sb]) (狗)命令…攻击If you don't get off my property I'm going to sic the dogs on you.sic [sth/sb] on [sb], sick [sth/sb] on [sb] v expr figurative (urge [sb] to pursue [sb])鼓动…纠缠, 派…攻击sic [sb], sick [sb] interj (command to dog) (对狗的指令)咬, 上Sick him, boy!be sick of [sth/sb] v expr informal (be weary or bored of [sth/sb])厌倦…的；对…感到厌烦的After all this snow, I am really sick of winter!下了这么多雪，我真的厌倦了冬天！be sick to death of [sth/sb] v expr figurative, informal (have had enough of)极度厌倦；极度厌烦sicken [sb] vtr figurative (disgust)使…恶心；令…厌恶The thought of confessing her mistake sickened Sandy.sideline [sb/sth] vtr figurative (push to one side)推到一边，边缘化Local news coverage was sidelined by the volcano eruption.sideline [sb] vtr (sports: not allow [sb] to play) (体育)让...停赛；使...退出比赛A knee injury sidelined the team's star player.sideswipe [sb] vtr US (hit from the side)侧面撞击；侧面打击sidetrack [sb] vtr figurative (divert)转移…的注意力, 使…分心, 岔开…的话题The scent of freshly baked brownies sidetracked Robert, and he forgot what he was talking about.sidle up to [sb/sth] v expr (move furtively)悄悄的走；侧身而行The cowboy sidled up to the bar and ordered a whiskey.siege [sth/sb] vtr (attack, assail)攻击；围攻The army sieged the fortress.sight [sth/sb] vtr (observe, spot)观测；观察；观赏After waiting an hour the tourists were delighted to sight dolphins.等待了一个小时，游客们终于得以观赏海豚了。sign [sb] vtr (hire, employ) (通过签约来雇佣)签下, 和…签约They signed the basketball star to a new contract.他们和这位篮球明星新签了一份合约。sign for [sb] vi + prep (sign on behalf of [sb] else)代表…签字Pass me the letter and I'll sign for him as he's not available just now.sign [sth] over to [sb] v expr (transfer legally to [sb])签字把...转让给...He signed over the house to his ex-wife and their children.sign [sb] up vtr + adv (enrol [sb])给…注册；为…报名They signed their children up at the local swimming pool.他们给孩子们注册了当地的游泳池。sign [sb] up for [sth] v expr (enrol [sb] for [sth])为…报名参加The mother signed her kids up for summer camp.母亲为孩子们报名参加夏令营。sign [sb] up to do [sth] v expr (enrol [sb] to do [sth])为某人报名做某事Amanda signed her mother up to do a six-week computer course for beginners.阿曼达为母亲报名参加一个为期六个月的电脑初学者课程。signal [sth] to [sb], signal to [sb] that vtr (communicate sign)向某人示意…Harry signalled to Jasmin that they should leave.亨利向加斯明示意该走了。silence [sb] vtr (make [sb] not talk)使…保持沉默，让…不说话，让…不发表看法Robert was about to speak, but Tom silenced him with a gesture.罗伯特正打算开口，但汤姆用手势示意他别说话。silhouette [sth/sb] vtr often passive (make appear in silhouette)使呈现轮廓The sunshine silhouetted the statue against the ground.sing the praises of [sth/sb], sing [sb/sth]'s praises v expr figurative (praise)赞美；称颂，赞颂single [sb] out for [sth], single out [sb] for [sth] v expr (give [sb] particular attention)单单…某人；唯独…某人Liam's classmates singled him out for bullying because he was shy.利亚姆的同学们单单欺负他，因为他比较害羞。sir [sb] vtr (use sir with)称呼…为先生Don't sir me! I'm not that old.sire [sb] vtr formal (father: a child)做...父亲The lord has sired sixteen children with his nine wives.sit [sb] vtr (cause to sit)使坐；让...坐She sat her baby in his high chair so that she could prepare the lunch.sit [sb] vtr (seat, provide seating)为…引座；安排…就坐The usher sat us in the front row.sit well with [sb], stand well with [sb] v expr colloquial (be accepted)适合；对...的胃口This situation doesn't sit well with me.size [sth/sb] vtr (sort by size)按大小分类；按高矮分类The teacher sized the students from shortest to tallest.size [sth/sb] vtr often passive (measure)测量；估算We need to get you sized for your bridesmaid dress.为了制作你的伴娘礼裙，我们需要测量你的身材尺寸。size [sth/sb] up for [sth] v expr (measure for clothing) (为穿衣)给...测量尺寸，估计...大小The tailor sized Morris up for his wedding suit.裁缝测量了莫里斯的尺寸来为他定制结婚礼服。sjambok [sth/sb] vtr S.Africa (beat with sjambok)用粗皮鞭抽打skank [sb] vtr informal (trick [sb])捉弄；欺骗；耍花招skin [sb] vtr figurative, slang (swindle)欺骗That market trader skins his customers.skin [sb/sth] alive vtr + adj (flay while living)活剥…的皮The Inquisition had prisoners skinned alive to make them confess to supposed sins.skin [sb] alive vtr + adj figurative (punish)严厉惩罚；严厉责罚My mum will skin me alive for losing my school bag.skite [sb/sth] vtr Scot (strike sharply)猛击skunk [sb] vtr US, slang (sport: keep from scoring) (游戏)使...得零分slam into [sth/sb] vi + prep (collide with, hit)砰地撞上The racing car spun off the track and slammed into the wall at high speed.赛车高速飞出车道，砰地撞上了墙。slam [sth/sb] vtr (hit forcefully)猛击；砰砰地撞击The waves slammed the shore.海浪拍击着沙滩。slam [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (hit forcefully against [sth])将…使劲推到...上；推得…撞上...She slammed him into the door and knocked the breath out of him.她将他使劲推到墙上，瞬间让他喘不上气来。slam [sb/sth] for doing [sth] v expr figurative, informal (criticize)因某人做了某事而对其大肆抨击The boss slammed Norma for getting the order wrong.老板因诺尔玛弄错了订单而对她大肆抨击。slam [sb/sth] for [sth] vtr + prep informal, figurative (criticize, attack verbally)为某事大肆抨击某人Henry slammed Daniel for his mistake.slam [sb] vtr (defeat thoroughly)大胜；彻底击败The home team slammed their opponents.slander [sb] vtr (attack with false words)诽谤；诋毁Helen was slandering Imogen, spreading false rumours about her.海伦肆意诽谤伊莫根，到处散布关于她的不实谣言。slap [sb/sth] vtr (hit with open hand) (针对人)给…一耳光，搧…一巴掌Wendy slapped Carl when she found out he'd been cheating on her.温迪发现卡尔一直欺骗自己后，搧了他一巴掌。slash [sth/sb] vtr (cut: physically)切开，割开；砍The burglar slashed the sofa cushions to see if there was anything hidden inside.窃贼把沙发垫子割开，看里面是否藏有什么东西。slate [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep mainly US, figurative, often passive (put on a shortlist) (提名)提名…为候选人；选定；预定This senator is slated for vice president in a few years.这位议员已获得内定，几年内就能成为副总统。slate [sb] to do [sth] v expr figurative, often passive (put on a shortlist)将…列入做…的候选人名单slate [sth/sb] vtr UK, informal, often passive (give a bad review)激烈抨击；严词批评The critics slated the author's latest novel.评论家们狠狠抨击了这位作者的最新小说。slather [sth/sb] with [sth], slather [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (cover thickly)为...涂上厚厚的Next I slather the slices of bread with butter and place them in the hot frying pan.Jane slathered her children in sunscreen.slather [sth] on/onto [sth/sb], slather [sth] on/onto [sth/sb] vtr + prep (apply thickly)在…厚厚地涂上I always slather aloe vera on bad sunburns.slaughter [sb/sth] vtr (kill many)屠杀During the Rwandan genocide, members of the Hutu majority slaughtered Tutsis.卢旺达种族灭绝期间，作为大多数族裔的胡图族成员大肆屠杀图西族人。slaughter [sb] vtr informal, figurative (defeat thoroughly) (体育运动)彻底打败The home team slaughtered their opponents.slay [sb/sth] vtr literary (kill)杀死；杀害The knight slew his enemy.slay [sb] vtr informal (delight or amuse)笑死…了；逗死…了"You slay me, Laura!" Tom said, laughing.sledge [sb] vtr UK, informal (cricket: taunt) (板球)粉刺挖苦The player sledged the bowler and left the field.sledge [sb] vtr AU, informal (insult)侮辱；冒犯The angry protesters sledged the company's owner and demanded higher wages.sledge [sth/sb] vtr UK (transport on a sledge)用雪橇搬运The rescue workers sledged supplies up the mountain in search of two lost skiers.sleep with [sb] vi + prep informal, euphemism (have sex with)和…睡觉；和…做爱；与...发生关系The young man did not want to sleep with anyone until he was married.那位年轻人在婚前不打算与任何人发生关系。sleep [sb] vtr (accommodate for sleeping)为…提供睡觉的地方Their holiday cottage will sleep eight people.他们的度假小屋中可以住八个人。slenderize [sb/sth], also UK: slenderise [sb/sth] vtr (make slimmer) (人)使苗条，使变得苗条； (物)使变得细长；slight [sb] vtr (snub)侮辱；怠慢Peter didn't like John and slighted him at every opportunity.彼得不喜欢约翰，一有机会就侮辱他。slime [sb], slime [sth] vtr (cover in slime)用粘土覆盖Tamsin took a handful of mud from the river bank and slimed Edgar's arm with it.slip [sb] [sth] vtr (give surreptitiously)偷偷给某人某物The grandmother slipped her grandson a sweet.Veronica's father slipped her a few dollars to pay for her night out.祖母偷偷给孙子了一颗糖。 // 维罗妮卡的爸爸偷偷给她塞了几美元，让她晚上出去玩儿的时候有钱花。slip of a [sb/sth] n (person: young, small, slim) (指人)小；小人；小家伙Bobby is just a slip of a boy.At 16, Jennie is still a slip of a thing and has no experience of the world of work.slip [sb] in vtr + adv informal, figurative (person: fit into schedule) (人)安排，插入I can slip you in this afternoon between my other appointments.slip [sb]'s mind v expr (be forgotten)不小心忘记；遗忘I was planning to go to the store, but it slipped my mind.slosh [sb] vtr UK (hit hard)猛击；重打Shut up or I'll slosh you!slug [sb/sth] vtr slang (hit with fist)用拳击；用拳猛击The boxer slugged his opponent.那位拳击手用拳猛击对手。slur [sb] vtr (insult, defame)污蔑；诋毁；诽谤Linda was angry about the way the newspapers had slurred her.受到新闻报刊诋毁，琳达非常愤怒。slut-shame [sb] vtr informal (criticize for perceived promiscuity)荡妇羞辱；荡妇耻辱smack [sb/sth] vtr (hit with open hand) (用掌)打，掴When a stranger pinched Wendy's bum, she turned around and smacked his face.有个陌生人捏温蒂的屁股，温蒂转身就打了他一耳光。smack [sb] vtr (strike: a child as punishment) (惩罚小孩)打，掴Some people think you should never smack children.有些人认为你绝对不该打孩子。smack [sb/sth] vtr (hit loudly)啪啪地打The falling apple smacked the roof of the house, before tumbling into the garden.smack into [sth/sb] prep informal (directly and forcefully into)直接撞上；猛然撞到…上I turned and ran smack into the door, breaking my nose and two teeth.smash [sth/sb] vtr (hit violently)猛烈撞击Philip had had enough of Edward's nasty remarks, so he smashed him.smash [sth/sb] vtr figurative (destroy, wreck)使破灭；使粉碎Linda told Nancy she had a terrible singing voice and smashed her dreams of becoming a pop star.smash [sth/sb] vtr (defeat, destroy)击败；摧毁The troops were ready to smash the enemy.smash [sth/sb] vtr figurative, informal (sports: defeat soundly) (体育)击溃The home team smashed the away team, winning 6-0.smear [sb] vtr figurative (lie to harm reputation of)诽谤；诬蔑The opposition party was clearly trying to smear the Prime Minister.smile on [sb/sth], smile upon [sb/sth] vi + prep (bless with good fortune) (幸运之神)向…微笑，给…好运God smiled upon us and gave us a good crop this year.今年，上帝向我们微笑，给了我们一个好收成。smile at [sb] vi + prep (give [sb] a smile) (对着人)冲…微笑，向…微笑It's magical when your baby smiles at you for the first time.当你的宝宝第一次冲你微笑时，那感觉太神奇了。smirch [sb/sth], besmirch vtr figurative (defame)诽谤, 造谣中伤smite [sb] vtr Biblical, archaic (kill, strike down) (尤用于《圣经》中)杀死The boy was afraid that God would smite him for lying.smite [sb/sth] vtr archaic (strike, hit)袭击, 打击, 重击Zeus smote the young soldier with a bolt of lightning.smitten with [sb], smitten over [sb] adj + prep (infatuated with)被…迷住；迷上；对…着迷He was smitten with the beautiful actress.他被那位美丽的女演员迷住了。smoke [sb] vtr slang (shoot with gun)开枪射击；开枪打The infamous gangster smoked two policemen that night.smooch with [sb] vi + prep informal (kiss romantically)接吻Apparently, Emma was smooching with John in the hallway.smooth the rough edges off [sb/sth] v expr figurative (refine)磨掉…的棱角；挫去…的锐气As soon as they were married she started trying to smooth the rough edges off him.smother [sb] vtr (asphyxiate)使窒息；使透不过气Karen was found guilty of smothering her husband.卡伦闷死了自己的丈夫，被判有罪。smother [sb], smother [sb] with [sth] vtr (with love, kisses, etc.) (以致于让人透不过气来)过多地给予Imogen's mother smothered her with attention.母亲的关注让伊莫金感到窒息。smother [sb] with kisses v expr figurative (kiss repeatedly)一通狂亲；亲得让人喘不过气来I just hate it when Aunt Gussie smothers me with kisses!snake [sb] vtr slang (attract [sb] else's partner) (比喻勾引已有伴侣的人)撬墙角, 挖墙角Sally tried to snake Amber's boyfriend last night.snap at [sb] vi + prep (speak sharply or angrily to)对...怒声呵斥；对…恶声恶气I know you're frustrated, but that doesn't give you an excuse to snap at me like that.我知道你很沮丧，但是这不能成为你对我那般怒声呵斥的借口。snare [sth/sb] vtr (get, obtain)谋得；巧妙取得Neil is trying to snare a rich wife.snare [sb] into doing [sth] vtr (manipulate into doing [sth])诱惑；诱入…圈套Pippa is trying to snare Ben into going to the party.snatch [sb] vtr informal (kidnap)绑架；绑走The man snatched Betty as she walked along the street in broad daylight.sneak [sb/sth] in vtr + adv ([sb], [sth]: bring in unseen)将…偷偷带入He hid the file in a birthday cake to sneak it in to the prisoner's cell.sneak up on [sb/sth] v expr (approach stealthily)偷偷地接近sneak up on [sb] v expr figurative (arrive unexpectedly)不期而至The deadline for the paper will sneak up on students who haven't read the syllabus.sneak up on [sb] v expr figurative (be unexpectedly successful)出其不意地That movie sneaked up on everyone; no one expected it to be so popular.sneer at [sth/sb] vi + prep (make scornful face at)嘲笑；讥笑；取笑Be careful about sneering at someone; your face could freeze that way.sneer at [sth/sb] vi + prep (show scorn or contempt for)蔑视；讥笑The spoiled child sneered at her poorer classmate's patched clothing.snipe at [sb] vi + prep (try to shoot)狙击；向某人射击The hidden assassin sniped at the president .snipe at [sb] vi + prep figurative (make petty criticisms of)批评某人；抨击某人Stop sniping at me when I'm trying to explain myself!snitch on [sb] vi + prep slang (inform on [sb])打…的小报告Pete snitched on his classmates when he saw them steal candy.snog [sb] vtr UK, informal (kiss passionately)激吻；热吻She snogged my boyfriend after I left the party.snooker [sb] vtr UK, figurative, slang (lead into a trap)欺诈, 骗…入圈套snooker [sb] vtr US, figurative, slang (fool, deceive)欺骗；哄骗The con man snookered me out of all the cash I had.snooker [sb] into doing [sth] v expr US, figurative, slang (deceive into doing)骗某人做某事Jeffrey snookered his younger brother into giving him his lunch money.snow [sb] vtr US, slang (deceive)骗得…的信任；用花言巧语说服We really snowed the police back there with that crazy story!我们还真用那个离谱的故事骗得警方的信任了！snow [sb] over vtr + adv US, slang (impress greatly)使…非常吃惊；给…留下极端深刻的印象The news that his ex-wife was getting remarried really snowed him over.snow [sb] under with [sth] v expr usually passive (overwhelm with work, etc)忙于...的；因为...忙得不可开交Sorry I haven't called; I've been snowed under with work.snub [sb] vtr (show disrespect: [sb])待慢；冷落Elizabeth thought Janet was her friend, but then Janet snubbed her by not inviting her to the party.snuggle up to [sb] v expr (curl up close to)依偎着；紧贴着Little Bess snuggles up to her favorite teddy bear when she naps.soak [sth/sb] vtr (immerse in liquid)浸湿；使浸透Robert soaked his stained shirt in a bowl of water.罗伯特把脏衬衣浸泡在一盆水中。soak [sb/sth] vtr (by rain)使湿透The sudden downpour soaked the spectators.突如其来的瓢泼大雨把让围观者淋成了落汤鸡。soak [sb], soak [sb] for [sth] vtr mainly US, figurative, informal (get money from)向…敲竹杠；向…征重税；向…乱开价Tamsin soaked Paul for ten dollars.soap [sth/sb] vtr (apply soap to)用肥皂擦洗，在…上打香皂Tom soaped his face, then rinsed it.汤姆先在脸上打上香皂，然后冲洗掉。sober [sb] vtr figurative (make serious)使清醒；使冷静The news of her friend's death sobered Katherine.socialize with [sb], also UK: socialise with [sb] vi + prep (interact with others)与…社交；与…交际The factory owner never socializes with his workers.socialize [sb], also UK: socialise [sb] vtr (child: teach to interact)使适应社会；使学会与人交往Public schools have a big responsibility to socialize children.sock [sb/sth] vtr informal (hit)猛击；痛打Josh socked the man who had insulted him on the jaw.乔希一拳打在侮辱他的那个男人的下巴上。sod [sth/sb] vtr UK, slang, vulgar (damn, screw)让…见鬼去吧；见鬼Sod this. I'm going home. You're firing me? Well sod you!sodomize [sb], also UK: sodomise [sb] vtr (perform anal sex)对…肛交；鸡奸soft on [sb], soft with [sb] adj + prep (not strict)对…温和；对…温柔The kids like her because she is soft with them.因为她对孩子们很温柔，所以孩子们也都喜欢她。soft on [sb] adj + prep informal, dated (fond of, attracted to) (指人)对...有感觉的；对...有好感的I think my brother's a little soft on you.我觉得我哥哥对你有些好感。soft soap [sb], soft-soap [sb] vtr figurative, informal (persuade, flatter)劝诱...；奉承..., 恭维...Truman felt that Churchill had tried to soft-soap him at Potsdam.a solace to [sb] n (source of comfort)安慰之物；慰藉之源Her late husband's many recordings are a solace to her.她的丈夫已经过世，但留下了许多唱片，给她以慰藉。solace [sb] vtr literary (console)安慰；慰藉When Irene was widowed, only the love of her children solaced her.solicit [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (ask [sb] for)就某事向某人请求The organization solicited funding for a new program from the mayor.solicit [sb] to do [sth] vtr + prep (persuade [sb] to commit crime) (生意)兜售；招揽The duke had solicited one of his servants to commit the theft.sool [sb] vtr Aus/NZ (urge [sb] on)唆使，煽动soot [sth/sb] vtr (cover with soot)用烟灰覆盖；用烟灰弄脏A weak flame had sooted the inside of the gas oven.煤气炉被微弱的火焰熏的都是烟灰。soothe [sb/sth] vtr (comfort, calm)安慰；抚慰Maggie did her best to soothe the crying child.麦琪尽力安慰那个哭泣的孩子。sop [sth/sb] vtr (soak, drench)使湿透The sudden burst of rain sopped the picnickers.sophisticate [sb/sth] vtr (make more refined)使复杂；使精巧We need to sophisticate the room before we have any visitors.sorrow for [sb] vi + prep literary (feel sad for)为某人悲伤, 为某人伤心The congregation sang the hymn 'O mother of sorrows, who sorrows for all'.教堂信众演唱了悲痛圣母颂歌。sorrow over [sth/sb] vi + prep literary (feel sad about)因为…悲伤, 因为…伤心This poor woman is sorrowing over the loss of her husband.这位可怜的女士为丈夫的去世悲痛不已。sound [sb] out about [sth] v expr figurative, informal (elicit [sb]'s opinion about [sth])探寻某人对某事的看法；打探某人对某事的观点He said he wanted to sound me out about his latest business idea.sour [sb] vtr figurative (embitter) (比喻)使…变得尖酸刻薄，使…变得充满怨恨Years of working in low-paid, unrewarding jobs had soured Gillian.连年累月地在一个低薪、没有回报的岗位工作，基利安变得尖酸刻薄。sour [sb] towards [sb/sth] vtr + prep figurative (embitter)使…对…充满怨恨Several bad relationships had soured Neil towards women.好几次糟糕的感情使尼尔对女性充满怨恨。spam [sb] vtr (send e-mail to)向…发垃圾电子邮件After I bought a book there they started spamming me.自从我在那里买了一本书后，他们就开始给我发垃圾邮件。spank [sb] vtr (hit as punishment) (惩罚)打…的屁股Ellen spanked her son when she found out he'd been bullying younger children at school.艾伦发现儿子在学校欺负比他小的孩子后，打了他的屁股。spank [sb] vtr (sexual hit) (性挑逗)拍打…的屁股Tom likes his partners to spank him.汤姆喜欢伴侣打他的屁股。spare [sb] [sth] vtr (afford to give: [sb] [sth])给某人抽出某物；给某人匀出某物Could you spare me five minutes of your time?你能给我匀出五分钟的时间吗？spare [sb] vtr (not kill)赦免；免…一死The chief spared his captives, because he admired their bravery in battle.spare [sb] vtr informal (do without: [sb]) (指人)抽出, 腾出Can you spare Emma for a few hours?；spare [sb] [sth] vtr (not impose)使…免于；使…避免Spare me your insincere flattery. I know you don't mean it.那些虚情假意的奉承话就免了吧。我知道你也就随口说说。spatter [sth/sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (splash, sprinkle with: liquid)把某物喷溅到...上； (指液体)将某物洒到...上The baby spattered the wall with soup.婴儿把汤洒在了墙上。speak to [sb] vi + prep (talk or converse with)与…谈话；和…说话She would happily speak to strangers at the bus stop.speak to [sb] vi + prep (consult)向…咨询It would be best to speak to your doctor before starting a rigid diet.speak very highly of [sb] v expr (say good things about [sb])赞扬；给某人很高的评价；对某人赞不绝口My son's teacher speaks very highly of him; she says he's a great student.speak well of [sb] v expr (praise)说…的好话You need your clients to speak well of you to their friends and acquaintances.speak with [sb] vi + prep (talk to, converse with)和…谈话；与…交谈It is always a pleasure to speak with my grandmother.I would like to speak with you before you go home.speak with [sb] vi + prep (consult)同…商量；向…咨询I would like to speak with my accountant before deciding.speaking of [sth/sb] adj + prep (staying on the subject of)谈起；说到；提到And speaking of Tom, how is he?spear [sth/sb] vtr (pierce with spear)用矛刺The hunter speared his prey.猎人刺穿了他的猎物。spell [sb] vtr (relieve)轮替；替换The new crew will spell the other workers.spellbind [sb] vtr (fascinate, entrance)使着迷；使入迷spend time with [sb] v expr (be in company of)与…共度时光I love spending time with my family.spiff [sth/sb] up, spiff up [sb/sth] vtr + prep US, informal (make attractive)使...有吸引力；装扮；打扮spike [sb] vtr (give alcohol or drugs without consent)偷偷掺入；偷偷加入spill [sb/sth] vtr (disgorge people/contents)使撒落，使散落；使下车，使下船The bag burst open and spilled its contents onto the ground. The car door opened suddenly and spilled Arthur onto the pavement.袋子爆开了，里面装的东西散落了一地。车门突然打开，亚瑟被甩到了人行道上。spill [sb] vtr (cause to fall out or off)使...摔下来；让...掉下来The car door opened suddenly and spilled Arthur onto the pavement.The horse bucked, spilling its rider.the spit of [sb] n mainly UK, informal (spitting image) (指长相相似的人)翻版； (指长相相似的人)一个模子里刻出来的That girl is the spit of her mother!那个女孩长得简直就是她母亲的翻版！spit [sth/sb] vtr (pierce, impale)穿透；刺穿The jouster spitted his rival on his lance.spit on [sth/sb] vi + prep figurative (feel contempt for)唾弃I spit on your stupid class system.spite [sb] vtr usually infinitive (desire to hurt [sb])恶意对待，刁难Of course you aren't a horrible person; Neil just said that to spite you because he knows everyone likes you more than him.你当然不是个让人讨厌的人；尼尔刚才说刁难你是因为他知道大家都更喜欢你而没那么喜欢他。splash [sb/sth] vtr (water, liquid: get on [sb])把（水、泥等）泼到…上；溅湿；溅脏The car splashed the pedestrian as it went through the puddle.汽车驶过水坑，溅了行人一身水。splatter [sth/sb] vtr (liquid: splash, spatter)溅上；迸上；洒在...上The car ran through a puddle and splattered me.那辆车开过一滩水，溅了我一身。split [sb/sth] vtr (people: divide)分裂；产生分歧The vote on fox hunting split the party 70-30.spoil [sb] vtr (children: indulge)宠坏；惯坏；溺爱Jack's parents give him everything he wants; they spoil him.杰克想要什么，他的父母就给他什么，把他宠坏了。spokesperson, spokesperson for [sb/sth] n figurative (representative)代言人He's suddenly become a spokesperson for the working poor.他突然成了贫苦人民的代言人。sponsor [sb] vtr (pay expenses for)资助；赞助The company sponsored the gifted student during his time at university.公司资助那位资优学生上大学。sponsor [sth/sb] vtr (advertise to support) (出于广告自己产品的目的)赞助A DIY store sponsors this home improvement programme on the TV.一家“自己动手”商店赞助了这一家居装修电视节目。spoof [sb] vtr (hoax, trick)戏弄；哄骗spook [sb] vtr (scare)吓；吓唬；使恐惧Falling house prices in the area have spooked residents.该地区房价下跌，让居民都很担心。spoon [sb] vtr (lie with [sb] like a spoon)像勺子般叠在一起spoon-feed [sb] vtr (give food by spoon)用匙喂某人The mother spoon-feeds her child.spoon-feed [sb] [sth] vtr (give food by spoon)用匙喂某人某物Erica spoon-feeds her daughter liquid vitamins.spoon-feed [sth] to [sb] vtr (give food by spoon)用匙将某物喂给某人The nurse has to spoon-feed medicine to the patient.spoon-feed [sb] vtr figurative (give information)填鸭式教育某人The police agent spoon-fed the reporter.spoon-feed [sb] [sth] vtr figurative (give information)将…填鸭般灌给某人The source spoon-fed the journalist secret information.spoon-feed [sth] to [sb] vtr figurative (give information)将…填鸭般灌给某人The informant spoon-fed leaked information to the reporter.spot [sb] [sth] vtr informal (lend)把...借给Hey man, can you spot me twenty dollars?哥们儿，能借我20美元吗？spot [sb] vtr (weightlifting) (健身时)监护；从旁保护备注: 指进行举重等训练时请人在一旁保护，以免训练者受伤Can you spot me while I do the bench press?spray [sth/sb] with [sth] vtr (apply a fine mist to)给…喷涂上…Patrick sprayed the table with polish.帕特里克往桌上喷了点光亮剂。spray [sth] on [sth/sb], spray [sth] onto [sth/sb] vtr (apply a fine mist to)将…喷洒在…上Helen sprayed the cleaning product on the windows.海伦将清洁剂喷在窗户上。spread-eagle [sb/sth] vtr (stretch out limbs)让...张开四肢spring [sth], spring [sth] on [sb] vtr (disclose)忽然向...宣布；突然向...公布She sprang the news on us.spring [sb] vtr informal (get released from prison) (非正式用语)使出狱；使...逃离监狱；帮助…越狱The criminal's friends have sprung him from prison.spur [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep figurative (lead to action)驱策；鞭驰；鼓舞Getting beaten in his latest race has spurred the athlete to greater efforts.最近比赛中的失败让这位运动员更加努力了。spur [sb] to do [sth] v expr figurative (prompt to take action)激励某人做某事，促使某人做某事；鞭策某人某事Reading about human rights abuses around the world spurred Dan to work for an NGO.丹读到世界各地侵犯人权的情况，这促使他为非政府组织工作。spurn [sb/sth] vtr (reject [sb/sth]) (尤指傲慢轻蔑地)拒绝；回绝Kate spurned Dan's romantic propositions.spy on [sb/sth] vi + prep (observe secretly)窥探；窥视The nosy neighbor loved to spy on the couple next door.那个好管闲事的邻居喜欢窥探隔壁那对夫妻的生活。spy on [sb/sth] vi + prep (carry out espionage on)刺探；对...从事间谍活动Mata Hari was tried and executed for spying on the French.马塔·哈里因为刺探法军情报而受到审判并被处决。squabble with [sb] vi + prep informal (quarrel, argue with)与…争论；和…争吵Julie was squabbling with her neighbour when I arrived.The children always squabble with each other about using the bicycle first.square [sth] with [sb] vtr informal (settle)扯平；互不相欠I won't feel better until I've squared things with my brother.squash [sth/sb] vtr (opposition, revolt) (暴乱、异议份子等)粉碎, 镇压, 平息The government squashed the rebellion.squash [sb] vtr (humiliate) (用羞辱性的话)把…说得无话可说，将…镇住The teacher squashed the student with a stinging retort.squeal to [sb] vi + prep figurative, slang (inform, tell [sb])向某人告密；向某人告发Jim didn't like what the other kids were doing, so he squealed to the teacher.吉姆不喜欢其他孩子的所作所为，所以他跑去向老师告状。squeeze [sth/sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (fit into a small space)塞进；挤进Nancy squeezed all her belongings into the car and set off for her new life.南希把自己所有的东西都塞进车里，启程开始了自己的新生活。squeeze [sb] vtr (hug tightly)用力拥抱；紧紧拥抱Henry caught hold of Amber and squeezed her.亨利抓住安布尔，用力拥抱她。squeeze [sb] out vtr + adv (exclude, push out)挤出；排出The party closed ranks against the rebel and squeezed her out.squeeze [sb] out of [sth] v expr (exclude, push out)将...排挤出My grandfather was squeezed out of his job when the new boss took over.squire [sb] vtr (escort, accompany)护卫；随从备注: Usually, it is a man who squires a woman.stab [sb] vtr (attack with [sth] sharp) (向某人)刺，戳，扎The mugger stabbed his victim when she refused to hand over her bag.受害人拒绝交出手提包，抢劫犯便刺伤了她。stab [sb] in the [sth] v expr (injure with [sth] sharp)刺在…的（某个部位）上The young man stabbed his victim in the leg.年轻人刺伤了受害人的腿。stab [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr (jab with finger, implement) (向某物)刺, 戳, 扎Oliver stabbed Adrian in the shoulder with his finger to emphasise his point.stab [sb] in the back v expr (wound [sb] in back with [sth] sharp) (本义)在某人背后捅刀子There was a fight outside the bar and a man was stabbed in the back.stab [sb] in the back v expr figurative (betray [sb]) (比喻)背叛某人，出卖某人，在某人背后捅刀子After all I've done to help him, he's stabbed me in the back.stab [sb] to death v expr often passive (kill [sb] by knife attack)捅死；刺死stabilize [sth/sb], also UK: stabilise [sth/sb] vtr (make stable, steady)使稳定；使稳固；使平稳The doctor was able to stabilize the patient's heart rate with medication.stabilize [sb], also UK: stabilise [sb] vtr (patient: make condition stable) (病人)使...状况稳定；使某人病情稳定下来Doctors have succeeded in stabilising him.stack [sth] against [sb] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (weight [sth] unfairly)使情况对…不利He realised sadly that the odds were stacked against him.stack the deck against [sb/sth], stack the cards against [sb/sth] v expr informal, figurative (put [sb], [sth] at a disadvantage)用作弊手段让...处于劣势stagger [sb] vtr usually passive (overwhelm, astound)犹豫；动摇Emily was staggered by her friend's kindness.艾米莉被朋友的善良打动了。stalk [sb/sth] vtr (animal: follow stealthily) (指动物)悄悄跟踪；潜随The cat stalked the mouse.猫悄悄跟在老鼠身后。stalk [sb] vtr (person: follow obsessively) (指人)悄悄跟踪；潜随Kirsty went to the police as her ex-boyfriend was stalking her.由于前男友尾随自己，科斯蒂去报警了。stall [sth/sb] vtr (block, impede)暂时阻止；拖住；拖延住；阻碍，妨碍，阻挠The minister was accused of trying to stall the peace talks.部长被指控试图妨碍和平谈判。stand [sth/sb] vtr (tolerate)容忍；忍受备注: Usually used where there is doubt, or with negatives.Tallinn is a beautiful city to visit, if you can stand the sub-zero temperatures.如果你能忍受低于零度的气候，那塔林这个城市就是个绝美的去处。stand [sb] [sth] vtr informal (treat, pay for)请某人的客做某事Will you stand me a drink?你能请我喝杯酒吗？stand guard over [sb/sth] v expr (watch over, protect)看守，守护stand [sb] in good stead v expr (be useful or beneficial to [sb])对某人有益, 给某人好处This car should stand you in good stead for ten years or so.stand in the way, stand in [sb]'s way v expr (be an obstruction)挡住去路；妨碍If that's what you've decided, go ahead. I won't stand in your way.stand next to [sb] v expr figurative (show solidarity with) (表团结)站在...旁She stood next to her husband throughout the whole time when his business affairs were under investigation.stand out against [sth/sb] v expr (oppose publicly)公开反对；公开异议stand up for [sb] v expr figurative (defend [sb])支持；拥护Johnston was a hero who stood up for his fellow captors without regard for his own safety.约翰斯顿是一个英雄，他不顾自身安危，为与他一同被捕的同伴挺身而出。star [sb] vtr (feature: a performer)由…主演；由...参演The new movie stars my favourite actor.stare at [sb/sth] vi + prep (gaze fixedly at)凝视着…；注视着…；目不转睛地看着…Agnes stared at the phone, willing it to ring.艾格尼斯目不转睛地看着电话，期待铃响。start [sb] doing [sth] vtr (cause to do [sth])使某人开始做某事Your words started me thinking.start [sb] vtr (sports: select [sb] to perform)让…参加比赛；让…上场The manager started his best pitcher.startle [sb/sth] vtr (surprise, alarm)使…大吃一惊，吓了…一跳；使…惊讶You really startled us, bursting in like that.你忽然那样冒出来，真是吓了我们一跳。starve [sb/sth] vtr (deny food to)使…挨饿The man was convicted of animal cruelty after he starved his dog for weeks.那个男人饿了自己的狗几周，被判犯有虐待动物罪。starve [sb/sth] of [sth] vtr + prep figurative (deprive of [sth])使…严重缺乏…The parents starved their children of affection.stay with [sth/sb] vi + prep (keep up)跟着；赶上The driver stayed with the lead car.stay away from [sth/sb] v expr (avoid, not go near)远离…；离…远点Stay away from me! I've got measles.离我远点！我得麻疹了。stay clear of [sb/sth] v expr (avoid)避开；避免；躲开Stay clear of him, he's a bad influence!stay clear of [sb/sth] v expr (keep a distance away from)远离；与…保持距离Stay clear of the fire line; only fire fighters are allowed past the yellow tape.stay [sb]'s hand, stay the hand of [sb] v expr literary (stop from acting)留手The king could have ordered the thief's execution, but mercy stayed his hand.stay in touch with [sb] v expr informal (keep in contact)保持联系；保持联络I still stay in touch with my best friend from childhood.我仍和儿时最好的朋友保持联系。stay out of the way of [sb], stay out of [sb]'s way v expr informal (avoid)离…远点；躲…远点You should stay out of the way of our boss today - he's in a bad mood.in [sb]'s stead expr formal (in [sb] else's place or position) (人)代替I told my mother I would attend the funeral in her stead.我告诉母亲会代替她出席葬礼。steal from [sth/sb] vi + prep (take illicitly from)从…偷走；偷走属于…的东西The employee had been stealing from the company for years before she was caught.这名雇员在被抓前已盗窃公司财物多年。steal [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (take [sth] illicitly from)从...盗取；从...窃取The little boy stole sweets from the corner shop.steal a glance at [sth/sb] v expr (look quickly, furtively at)偷偷地瞥…一眼；偷看…一眼She stole a glance at him when she thought he wasn't looking.steal [sb]'s thunder v expr (take attention from [sb])抢...的风头Harry was delighted when he passed his driving test, but his brother stole his thunder by getting engaged on the same day.steal [sb]'s thunder v expr (take credit for [sb]'s achievement)抢...的功劳；夺走...的荣誉Rachel was proud of the work she'd done, but her boss stole her thunder by announcing the results of her research as his own.steal the limelight from [sb] v expr figurative (take attention away)抢走...的风头steamroll [sth/sb] vtr figurative (overpower, crush)压倒，压垮，击败； (比喻)碾压steamroller [sb] vtr figurative (crush [sb]'s opposition)打败...steamroller [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep figurative (force [sb] into [sth])迫使...接受...steep [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (imbue with)使沉浸于The young man was steeped in the ideology of the radical group.那个年轻人沉浸于这个激进组织的意识形态中。steer [sb], steer [sb] toward [sth] vtr figurative (towards option)操纵, 控制, 引导Beth's parents steered her towards a career in finance.贝斯的父母引导她加入了金融业。stereotype [sb/sth] vtr (generalize about)对…形成模式化的观念；对…抱有成见Be careful that you don't stereotype the nursing profession too much.小心不要对护理行业抱有太多成见。sterilize [sb/sth], also UK: sterilise [sb/sth] vtr (make infertile)使无法生育，使失去生育能力，使绝育；使成不毛之地，使贫瘠It was discovered that the clinic sterilized many women without their consent.stick [sth] on [sth/sb], stick [sth] onto [sth/sb] vtr + prep informal (attach)粘住；粘贴Let me stick this notice on the board.让我把这个通知贴在布告板上。stick [sb] with [sth] vtr (lumber: with [sth] disagreeable) (令人不快的东西)把...强加给Harry's friends stuck him with the dinner bill.stick [sth/sb] vtr UK, informal (tolerate)忍受；容忍备注: Usually used where there is doubt, or with negatives.I don't think I can stick much more of this film; it's abysmal!我觉得自己不能再忍受这部片子了，它简直没完没了，烂透了！stick it to [sb] v expr slang (give [sb] harsh treatment)苛刻对待, 粗暴对待stiff [sb] vtr US, slang (fail to pay or tip)没给…钱；没给…小费stiff [sb] vtr US, informal (cheat, swindle [sb])欺骗…，骗…That guy stiffed me on that used car sale.stiff [sb] vtr US, informal (fail to tip)不给…小费I don't trust anyone who stiffs their server.stiff [sb] vtr US, informal (ignore, snub)不理…，不理睬…I thought my ex and I were still friends, but he stiffed me at the party.我本以为自己和前任还是朋友，不过派对上他根本不理我。stiff [sb] vtr US, figurative, informal (kill)杀The hitman was paid to stiff the mafia boss.stigmatize [sb/sth], also UK: stigmatise [sb/sth] vtr (disgrace, mark out)使受耻辱；使蒙羞Albinos were stigmatized for a long time because of superstition.stiletto [sb] vtr (stab with a stiletto)用匕首刺Another inmate stilettoed the mob boss yesterday evening.still [sb/sth] vtr (to silence)使寂静；使无声He stilled the crowd with his shocking speech.still [sth/sb] vtr (to calm)使平静；使镇定；使安静下来She stilled the excited children with a calming look.still [sth/sb] vtr (make motionless)使静止；使不动He stilled the camera before taking the shot.stimulate [sb] vtr (interest, motivate)刺激；使有兴趣；激发The children were stimulated by the educational television show.stimulate [sb] to [sth] vtr + prep (prompt)鼓舞；鼓励How is the government stimulating people to create jobs?stimulate [sb] to do [sth], stimulate [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (encourage)激励某人做某事The film stimulated the students into asking questions.sting [sb] vtr (insect: cause injury)蜇；叮The wasp stung Maggie on her foot.胡峰蛰了玛姬的脚。sting [sb] vtr figurative (hurt emotionally) (比喻，感情上)使痛苦，刺痛Jessica's words stung Dawn.杰西卡的话刺痛了道恩。stir [sth/sb] vtr (affect)打动；使感动The drama will stir the audience to tears.stir [sth/sb] vtr (provoke)激起；惹The boys stirred the sleeping dog by yelling.stir [sb] vtr (rouse)唤起；挑起The orator knew how to stir the crowd.stomp on [sth/sb] vi + prep (trample on)重踩；重踏；踩踏Some shoppers got stomped on in the rush to get into the store.人潮汹涌冲进商场，有些顾客被踩了。stone [sb] vtr (throw rocks at)向…扔石头；用石头砸Reports are coming in that two people have been stoned to death.stonewall [sb/sth] vtr figurative (put up resistance to)阻碍；妨碍The members of the club stonewalled Samantha after they found out that she betrayed them.a stooge for [sb] n pejorative (person: puppet for [sb]) (人)傀儡, 走狗The teachers appear to be stooges for the headmaster.stop [sb] doing [sth], stop [sb] from doing [sth] v expr (prevent, hinder)妨碍某人做某事；阻碍某人做某事The doorman stopped us from entering.门卫阻碍我们进入。stop [sb] doing [sth] v expr (prevent, forbid)禁止某人做某事；阻止某人做某事The teenager's parents stopped her going out to the pub.那个年轻人的父母禁止她去酒吧。stop [sb] vtr (interrupt)打断；中断Don't stop me while I'm talking.stop [sth/sb] vtr (prevent from proceeding)拦下；使停下来The border guards stopped the truck.stop [sb] vtr (sports: check) (体育运动)击败, 击退, 拦阻The player stopped his opponent against the boards.stop [sb] in his/her tracks v expr figurative (halt [sb])拦截；拦下straddle [sth/sb] vtr (sit with a leg on each side of)跨坐在…上，骑在…上The young man turned the chair backwards and straddled it.那个年轻人将椅子转过来，跨坐在上面。strafe [sb] vtr figurative (punish severely)严惩The boss strafed my coworker today for coming to work late again.straight-arm [sb], stiff-arm vtr (sport: fend off with stiff arm)直臂阻挡straiten [sb] vtr (restrict, constrain)限制strand [sb] vtr (leave, maroon)使搁浅；被困于Tom drove away, stranding Ian in the middle of nowhere.汤姆把依安丢在一个偏僻的地方，自己开车走了。strangle [sb/sth] vtr (kill by choking)扼死；勒死The serial killer prefers to strangle his victims.strangulate [sb/sth] vtr (asphyxiate by strangling)勒死，掐死strap [sb] vtr (strike with a strap)鞭打；用鞭子抽Bill's father strapped him regularly when he was a boy.strap [sb] down vtr + adv (restrain with straps) (人)用绳子固定The doctors strapped the patient down to keep him still.strap [sb] in vtr + adv (secure with a seatbelt)给…系上安全带Brian strapped the children in, before getting into the driver's seat.stream [sb] vtr UK (pupils: divide by ability) (学生)按照不同的程度给...分班；分流They stream the kids for maths at his school.他的学校按照不同的程度给孩子们分班上数学课。strengthen [sth/sb] vtr (make stronger)加强；巩固Tim added struts to strengthen the table.提姆给桌子安了支杆，加强桌子的稳定性。stress [sb] vtr (make tense, nervous)施加压力于；使...感到压力The prospect of having to undergo surgery stressed me.这次手术让我觉得很有压力。stretcher [sb] vtr (transport injured person)用担架抬送The paramedics stretchered Jack into the ambulance.strike [sth/sb] vtr (hit)打；击；打击The boxer struck his opponent.拳击手向对手打过去。strike [sth/sb] vtr (attack, hit)攻击；袭击The hurricane struck us without warning.飓风毫无预兆地袭击了我们。strike [sth/sb] vtr (crash into)碰撞；撞到The car struck the guardrail.这辆车撞上了护栏。strike [sth/sb] vtr (lightning: hit) (指闪电)击中Lightning struck the old tree during the storm.暴风雨期间，闪电击中了那棵老树。strike [sth/sb] vtr (bite) (用毒牙)咬，咬伤The snake struck his leg without warning.那条蛇毫无预兆地咬伤了他的腿。strike [sth/sb] vtr (fall on)照在…上；落在…上When light strikes an object, the wavelengths it reflects determine what colour that object will appear.strike [sb] as [sth] vtr + conj (give the impression)给人以…的印象；让…觉得His attitude really struck me as strange.strike [sb] vtr (surprise)让...意外；让...猝不及防He was struck by the news of his cousin's death.strike [sb] as [sth] v expr (give the impression)给…留下…的印象Greg's story strikes me as an exaggeration.格雷格的故事给我留下了夸张的印象。strike a blow against [sth/sb] v expr (deal [sb/sth] a serious setback)打出一拳strike a blow for [sth/sb] v expr (do [sth] to support [sth/sb])支持strike [sth/sb] a ... blow v expr (hit)击打；冲击备注: Often used with: glancing, mighty, heavyThe baseball struck his head a glancing blow.strike a chord (with [sb]) v expr figurative (resonate with [sb]'s feelings)引起共鸣；引起同感His speech struck a chord with unemployed voters.strike [sb] dead vtr + adj (kill instantly)杀死某人strike [sb] down vtr + adv literary, figurative (afflict, kill) (疾病等)击垮，摧毁He was struck down tragically in the prime of life.strike [sb] down vtr + adv (person: knock to ground)击倒；撞倒A soldier struck Aelfric down with his sword.strip [sb] vtr (unclothe) (衣物)脱去, 脱光, 脱下Strip the baby and bathe him.脱光婴儿的衣服，给他洗澡。strip [sb] of [sth] vtr + prep (take away from)剥夺…的…，没收…的…The businessman was found guilty of fraud and the court stripped him of his assets.那个商人被判有诈骗罪，法院没收了他的财产。strip-search [sb] vtr (inspect without clothes)对…进行裸体搜查The US Marsals strip-searched the passenger who was suspected of carrying drugs.stroke [sth/sb] vtr (rub, caress)抚摸；轻抚；抚摩She stroked the cat's fur.她抚摩着猫的柔毛。strong-arm [sb] vtr (show aggression)对…用暴力；以暴力强制structure [sb/sth] into [sth] vtr (incorporate)使形成组织；构成We will structure experienced staff members into the unit.struggle with [sb] vi + prep (grapple physically with)与…搏斗The wrestler struggled with his opponent.stuck on [sb] adj slang, figurative (infatuated with [sb])迷恋某人；为某人神魂颠倒The girl was stuck on the blond guy.study [sth/sb] vtr (scrutinize)仔细查看；细究The committee will study the panel's findings.stuff [sth/sb] vtr UK, slang (expressing contempt, rejection)拒绝；放弃Alice lost her temper, and told her boss to stuff his poxy job.stultify [sb] vtr (dull the mind of)使…变得迟钝，使思维迟钝；使…显得愚蠢The professor's repetitive droning stultified the students.stumble against [sth/sb] vi + prep (bump into because of trip)偶然找到Ian lost his footing on the loose gravel and stumbled against the wall.stump [sb] vtr informal (baffle, puzzle)困住；难住The third question in the test completely stumped me. Greg tried to work out what he was looking at, but he was stumped.测验中的第三道题完全难住了我。格雷被难住了，解不开面前的困境。stump [sb] vtr (cricket: break wicket) (板球)使…出局The wicket-keeper stumped the batsman.stun [sb] vtr (blow to the head: daze)把…打昏The boxer stunned his opponent with a right hook.拳击手一记右勾拳将对手打昏了过去。stun [sb] vtr figurative (shock)使震惊；使目瞪口呆The news stunned Rachel.stun [sb/sth] vtr (daze with electric charge)电击stupefy [sb] vtr (stun, daze)使惊呆；使茫然stupefy [sb] vtr (astonish, shock)让...惊呆；让...目瞪口呆；让...瞠目结舌sub for [sb] vi + prep informal, abbreviation (be substitute for, stand in for) (substitute for的缩写形式)代替I often sub for the English teacher at the public school.subcontract [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (work: outsource)分包；转包The CDC subcontracted the project to a team of computer programmers.subcontract to [sb/sth] vi + prep (outsource work)转包给；分包给Our company does not subcontract to people living overseas.subdue [sth/sb] vtr (overpower)制服，降服Martha managed to subdue her attacker.The emergency services manage to subdue the inferno.玛莎设法制服了袭击她的歹徒。// 应急服务设法降服了火魔。subdue [sb] vtr (military) (军事)攻占, 降服The troops have subdued the rebel forces in the area.subject [sb] to [sth] vtr (make [sb] undergo [sth])使某人经受；使某人遭受；对某人进行The police subjected the suspect to an intense interrogation.警方对嫌疑人进行了高强度的审讯。subject [sb/sth] vtr (control, rule)使服从The country was subjected to the rule of emperors for several centuries.subjugate [sb] vtr (dominate, control)征服\\；降服The colonialists subjugated the native people for decades.sublet [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (rented property: sublease)转租We sublet our flat to a professor for the summer.submerge [sth/sb] vtr (immerse in liquid)浸没；浸入；泡入Make sure you submerge the dried mushrooms completely.submerge [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (immerse in liquid)把...浸入；浸没To soften the seaweed, submerge it in water for twenty minutes.submit to [sb/sth] vi + prep (surrender, yield)向…投降；向…屈服；听任Richard accepted that what he had done was wrong and submitted to his punishment without complaint.理查德承认自己的所作所为是不正确的，并且对于惩罚听之任之，毫无抱怨。subordinate [sth/sb] vtr (make secondary)使…列于次要地位；使…变得次要The company is under scrutiny for subordinating worker safety to their own financial interests.suborn [sb] vtr (law: bribe to lie under oath)收买；买通…作伪证Derek was arrested for attempting to suborn the victim's family.subserviant to [sb/sth] adj + prep (person, role: subordinate)打下手的；附属的She's subservient to her husband in all matters.subsidize [sth/sb], also UK: subsidise [sth/sb] vtr (fund)赞助；资助State governments subsidize education at all levels.substitute for [sb] vi + prep (replace in a job)代替；替代At this meeting, Mr Jones will be substituting for Mr Smith, who is off sick today.史密斯先生因病委托琼斯先生代为出席本次会议。substitute for [sb] vi + prep (as teacher)代课Mrs. Black substituted for our science teacher today.succeed [sb] vtr (come next, supersede) (顺序)接着, 紧随之后Frank will succeed his father as president of the company.succeed [sth/sb] vtr (follow)接着；一个接一个地出现As you drive along the coast, one beautiful view succeeds another.succor [sb/sth] (US), succour [sb/sth] (UK) vtr (help, aid)救助..., 帮助...suck [sb/sth] into [sth] vtr + prep (draw in by suction)把…吸进, 把…吸入A bird was sucked into the plane's jet engine.一只鸟被吸进了飞机的喷气发动机。suck [sb/sth] into [sth] vtr + prep (entice)引诱…进入, 把…诱入The conman sucked Bill into a trap.骗子把比尔诱入陷阱。suck [sb] vtr vulgar, slang (perform fellatio on)给…口交Did you get her to suck you last night?suck [sb] in vtr + adv informal, figurative (entice)吸引We were sucked in with promises of many prizes at the fair, but it was a disappointment.sucker [sb] into doing [sth] v expr slang, figurative (fool)欺骗某人做某事The boss suckered Jim into working overtime again.老板又骗得吉姆加班加点。sucker-punch [sb] vtr informal (punch unexpectedly)突然向...出拳；突然袭击suckle [sb] vtr (mother: breastfeed baby)给…喂奶；为…哺乳The mother was suckling her baby.suction [sb] vtr (clear airway of: patient)用吸痰管为…清理气道The first responder had to suction the patient multiple times to avoid hypoxia.sue [sb/sth] vtr (take legal action against)控告；起诉Ian sued his employers after his accident at work.伊恩在工作中发生意外事故后起诉了雇主。sue for [sb]'s hand v expr literary, dated (court, woo)向…求爱, 追求suffer [sth/sb] vtr literary (tolerate)容忍；忍耐I will not suffer any more of this behaviour!我绝不会再容忍这种行为了！suffer [sb] to do [sth] v expr archaic (allow) (古语)允许某人做某事，许可某人做某事She would not suffer him to plead his suit any further.suffocate [sb/sth] vtr (kill by depriving of oxygen)闷死；使窒息而死The murderer suffocated his victims.suggest that [sb] do [sth] v expr (propose)建议；提议I suggest that you apologize.我建议你道歉。suit [sb/sth] vtr (harmonize or be compatible with)与…搭；与...相配Yes, that dress suits you well.是的，那条裙子与你很相配。suit [sb] vtr (be OK with [sb])对...合适；方便于What time would suit you? We can go out to eat Friday night. How does that suit you?定在什么时间你比较方便？我们周五晚上可以出去吃饭，你方便吗？suit [sth/sb] vtr (adapt)使适合；使适应We can suit the training to fit your needs.我们可以使训练计划适合你的个人需求。suit [sb] down to the ground v expr informal (be ideal)非常适合；对...很理想suitable for [sb] adj + prep (appropriate for [sb])对某人合适的；适合某人的This movie is not suitable for young children because of the violence.由于有暴力画面，这部电影不适合小孩子看。suitable for [sb] adj + prep (compatible with [sb])与…相配的；和…和谐的He doesn't think his daughter's boyfriend is suitable for her.他不认为女儿的男朋友与她相配。summon [sb] vtr (call: a person)叫来，召唤； (法庭)传唤，传讯Jim summoned a doctor when his son's fever got worse.吉姆在儿子烧得更厉害时，叫来了医生。summon [sb] to appear, summons [sb] to appear v expr often passive (call to appear in court)传讯…出（庭）；传唤…出（庭）Karen has been summoned to appear before the High Court.凯伦已被高等法庭传讯出庭。superannuate [sb] vtr UK (pension off)使退休superintend [sth/sb] vtr (supervise)监督；监管superior to [sth/sb] adj + prep (better than)优于；强于；好于That car is superior to this one because it is more aerodynamic and more fuel-efficient.那辆车优于这一辆，因为它更符合空气动力学，同时也更省油。superior to [sb] adj + prep (of higher rank than)级别高于…的；职位高于…的Gerald is the manager, so he is superior to Robert, who is only the deputy manager.作为经理的杰拉尔德职位比只是副经理的罗伯特高。supersede [sb] vtr (succeed)接替…的职务The new mayor supersedes Mr Brown, who had been in office for over a decade.supersize [sb] vtr US, informal (serve extra-large portion to)为…提供超大分量supervise [sb] vtr (manage [sb])管理As the department manager, Jessie supervises a team of twelve workers.supervise [sb] vtr (watch over, mind [sb])监督；照看Someone ought to supervise the children while they're outside.supplant [sb/sth] vtr (replace, usurp)替换；取代The imposter deceived the royal court and eventually supplanted the king.supply [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (provide [sth] to [sb])把…提供给They supplied beer to the bar.他们把啤酒提供给那家酒吧。supply [sb/sth] vtr (provide with [sth])提供…给；为…提供We know they're taking drugs but we don't yet know who supplies them.我们知道他们在吸毒，但却不知道他们的供货商是谁。supply [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep (provide with [sth])为…提供They supplied him with the computer hardware.他们为他提供电脑硬件。supply [sth/sb] vtr (supplement)补充；增补They supply extra staff when firms are busier than usual.supply [sb] vtr UK (substitute)派…替代；派…暂替They supply short-term teachers when permanent staff are on leave.support [sb/sth] vtr (aid, back)援助, 资助, 赞助The government supported the aid organisation financially.政府为该援助组织提供财政支持。support [sb] vtr (family: provide for)赡养；供养；抚养The father supports the family with his earnings.父亲用自己的收入供养着全家。support [sb/sth] vtr (team: cheer for) (体育运动)拥护, 支持He supports the Yankees.他支持杨基队。support [sb] vtr (theater: perform with)为…做配角Two excellent unknowns were supporting the lead actor.两位出色的不知名演员正在为男主演做配角。support [sb] vtr (help emotionally) (感情上、道义上)支持，赞成His family supported him throughout his divorce.他离婚一事，家人全程支持。support [sb] vtr (music: be secondary act to) (音乐)担任...的助唱An acoustic guitarist is supporting the rock band on their tour of Europe.；support [sb] financially vtr (provide with money to live on)在经济上给予...支持I can no longer support you financially, so you'll need to get a job.supportive of [sth/sb] adj + prep (agreeing with, backing)支持…的Gareth's parents are always supportive of his choices.加雷斯的父母总是支持他的选择。surcharge [sth/sb] vtr (physically overload)使超载；使负重过多；使装载太多The extra traffic surcharged the bridge to the point where it was on the brink of collapse.surcharge [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative (overload)使超载, 使超负荷Dan's boss surcharged him with work.surfeit [sb] vtr formal, usually passive (overfill, satiate) (正式用语)使…饮食过量；使…过度沉溺The judge was surfeited with the lawyer's smug attitude.surname [sb] vtr (give surname to)给予…姓氏The Icelanders' way of surnaming their children is different from ours in Britain.冰岛人给予孩子姓氏的方式与我们英国不一样。surname [sb] vtr (address by surname)用姓氏称呼…，用姓称呼…Quit surnaming me. I answer to John, not Smith!别用姓氏称呼我。我的名字是约翰，不是史密斯！surpass [sth/sb] vtr (be greater than, exceed)超越，超过；优于；胜过The car's speed surpassed that of any vehicle Lydia had previously owned.这辆车的速度超过了莉迪亚以前曾有过的任何车辆的速度。surpass [sth/sb] vtr (be better than)超过；胜过；胜过This student surpasses all the others in his class.这名学生的成绩超过了班上其他人。surprise [sb] vtr (be unexpected)使惊讶；使诧异The sudden rain storm surprised us.突如其来的暴风雨让我们感到震惊。surprise [sb] by doing [sth] v expr (do [sth] unexpected)因做某事而让某人感到惊讶Ken surprised his wife by making her pancakes for breakfast.肯因为给老婆做了蛋烘糕作早餐而使她感到惊讶。surprise [sb] vtr (do [sth] nice for [sb])给…惊喜Tina is disappointed that her husband never surprises her.蒂娜因为丈夫从不给自己制造惊喜而失望。surprise [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (do [sth] nice for [sb])使…感到惊喜；给…惊喜We surprised her with flowers.我们送花给她，让她非常惊喜。surprise [sb] by doing [sth] v expr (do [sth] nice for [sb])通过做某事给某人惊喜The students surprised their teacher by throwing her a party.为了给老师一个惊喜，学生们为她举办了一场派对。surprise [sb] vtr (catch)当场捉住；抓个正着The police surprised the burglars with the money in their hands.surprise [sb] vtr (attack unexpectedly)突袭；突然袭击The enemy surprised them early in the morning.surrender [sth/sb] vtr (hand over, give up)交出；将...交给He surrendered his driver's license to the police.他将自己的驾驶执照交给了警察。surrender [sth/sb] vtr (military: relinquish, give up) (军队)交出；让出They surrendered the territory to the invaders.他们向敌人让出了自己的领土。surrogate [sb] for [sb] vtr + prep (put in place of)取代；替代surround [sth], surround [sb] vtr (police: encircle [sb] or [sth])包围, 围困The police surrounded the building.警察包围了那幢大楼。surround [sth], surround [sb] vtr (be all around)围绕；环绕We were surrounded by lush, leafy plants.我们被茂密的多叶植株所环绕。surround [sth/sb] vtr (be associated with)与...有联系；与...相关The circumstances surrounding this tragedy are still unclear.be surrounded by [sth/sb] v expr (have around you)被...包围；被...环绕；处于...的围绕之中；围满了It's a great comfort to be surrounded by friends and family.surveil [sb/sth] vtr (keep [sb/sth] under surveillance)对…实施监视survey [sth/sb] vtr (gather opinions)向…收集意见The newspaper surveyed 50,000 people to find out their opinions on modern issues.Ben surveyed the group to see where they wanted to go to lunch.报社向五万人收集了意见，调查他们对当代问题有何看法。// 本向小组收集了意见，看看他们午餐想去哪里吃。survive [sb] vtr usu passive (left living after [sb]'s death)活过；在…过世后继续活着；比…活得久The accident victim was survived by his wife and two children.suspect [sb] vtr (think guilty)怀疑某人（有罪）The police suspect the victim's husband, but they haven't found enough proof to arrest him.警方怀疑受害者的丈夫，不过还没有足够的证据逮捕他。suspect [sb] of [sth], suspect [sb] of doing [sth] vtr + prep (believe guilty of)怀疑某人犯有…（罪）I suspect Tom of stealing those stationery supplies.我怀疑是汤姆偷走了那些文具用品。suspend [sb] vtr often passive (expel from school)使休学；暂令停学He was suspended for smoking in the lavatory.suspend [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep often passive (expel from school)从…开除Jessica was suspended from school for starting a fight with another student.suspend [sb] vtr often passive (dismiss temporarily from job)停某人的职The CEO suspended three workers today who were suspected of stealing company supplies.suspend [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep often passive (dismiss temporarily from job)停某人某职The director suspended Mark from work pending an internal investigation.suspicious of [sb/sth] adj + prep (wary of)对…心存疑虑；怀疑The security guard became suspicious of a customer who was looking around nervously.保安对一位紧张环顾四周的顾客心生怀疑。sustain [sb] vtr (food, water: nourish)为…提供维持生命的养分，供养The vegetable garden provided enough food to sustain the whole family.菜园提供了足够的食物供养着全家人。swaddle [sb] vtr (baby: wrap up tightly)用襁褓包裹The midwife taught the new mother how to swaddle her baby.swamp [sth/sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (drench with, submerge in)把…浸入…；用…淹没…A wave crashed on the side of the dinghy and swamped it with ice-cold water.海浪打在小艇侧面，冰冷的海水将其淹没。swamp [sb/sth] with [sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (overload: with work, etc.) (工作等太多)不堪承受, 无法招架The translator's clients were swamping her with work and she had no time to do anything else.那位翻译的客户给了他许多工作，她忙得几乎没有时间做其他事。swarm with [sth/sb] vi + prep (be overrun with)成群；满是After the window had been open all day, the room was swarming with flies.swat [sth/sb] vtr (hit swiftly)猛拍Rhonda swatted her son's bottom when he said a bad word.swat [sth/sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (hit swiftly with [sth])用…猛拍Mary swatted Ken with a newspaper.swathe [sth/sb] vtr often passive (wrap up) (用布等)包, 裹, 覆盖The patient's ankle was tightly swathed to prevent movement.swathe [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep often passive (wrap up)把…裹在…里；把…包在…里The baby was swathed in soft blankets.swathe [sth] around [sth/sb] vtr + prep (wind, wrap around) (用布等)包, 缠She swathed the long scarf around her neck.sway [sth/sb] vtr (rock [sth] from side to side)摇, 摇晃A gentle wind swayed the palm trees.一阵微风摇晃着那棵棕榈树。sway [sth/sb] vtr (opinion, beliefs: influence)使改变看法；使动摇Jessica was sure she was right, but in the end, Dawn's arguments swayed her and she changed her mind.一开始杰西卡坚信自己没错，但最后奥恩的论点让她的想法动摇，改变了心意。swear at [sb] vi + prep (use bad language towards, curse at)诅咒；咒骂；辱骂Children should not swear at their parents.孩子不应该辱骂自己的父母。sweet [sb] off their feet, sweep [sb] off his feet, sweep [sb] off her feet v expr (make [sb] fall in love with you)使...倾心；让...爱上自己sweep over [sth/sb] vtr + prep (pass over and submerge)没过；淹没sweep over [sb] vtr + prep figurative (strongly affect, overwhelm)压倒，压过；席卷sweep past [sb/sth], sweep by [sb/sth] vi + prep (move rapidly past [sth], [sb])掠过The cars swept past the front of the house.be sweet on [sb] v expr informal (be romantically interested in [sb])爱上sweet-talk [sb] vtr (persuade by flattery)奉承；谄媚；用甜言蜜语骗诱；给...说好话Whenever my daughter starts trying to sweet-talk me, I know she's after something.sweet-talk [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (persuade to do by flattery)用花言巧语哄...做...She was unable to sweet-talk her teacher into giving her a better grade.She batted her eyes at me and then sweet-talked me into buying her a new pair of shoes.swindle [sb] vtr (cheat, deceive)欺骗, 诈骗；骗取The antiques dealer swindled the old lady; he bought several valuable pieces of furniture from her for just £100.swindle [sb] out of [sth] v expr (take [sth] by deception)从某人手中骗走The con artists swindled the wealthy man out of his entire fortune.swing at [sb] [sth] vi + prep (attempt to hit)朝…打去The man swung at Harry, who ducked to avoid the punch.那个人朝哈利打去，哈利一个闪身，躲开了那一拳。swing [sth] at [sb] vtr + prep (attempt to hit with punch, blow)用…朝…打去，用…挥向…The drunk man swung a punch at me.醉汉用拳头朝我打过来。swinge [sb/sth] vtr archaic (flog, strike)鞭打swipe [sth/sb] vtr (hit with swinging blow)碰擦，刮蹭； (（用棍棒等）)击中，挥击The cricketer swiped the ball.那位运动员击中了球。switch [sb] vtr (whip, beat)击打；抽打；鞭打The father switched him because he had been really bad.swivel [sth/sb] vtr (rotate)使…转动；使…旋转Henry caught hold of Rick's arm and swivelled him to face the house.sworn to [sth/sb] adj + prep (bound by oath to [sth/sb])发誓要；向…发誓The priest considered himself sworn to God.I can't tell you; I'm sworn to secrecy.symbolize [sth/sb], also UK: symbolise [sth/sb] vtr (be a visual symbol of)成为…的象征；成为…的标志The sun figure symbolizes daytime or daylight.sympathetic to [sth/sb], sympathetic toward [sth/sb], also UK: sympathetic towards [sth/sb] adj + prep (showing understanding)对...谅解的；同情...的The teacher is sympathetic to the problems of her teenage students.老师对她十几岁学生所造成的问题表示谅解。sympathize with [sb], also UK: sympathise with [sb] vi + prep (understand [sb]'s feelings)同情I sympathize with anyone who has experienced the death of a spouse.tackle [sb] vtr (sports: bring to ground) (体育运动)擒抱摔倒The rugby player tackled a member of the opposing team, knocking him to the ground.橄榄球运动员擒抱摔倒了对手，将其撞倒在地。tackle [sb] vtr (soccer: attempt to get ball) (足球)阻截The football player tackled a member of the opposing team and succeeded in getting the ball away from him.足球运动员擒抱摔倒了对手，成功地抢过了球。tackle [sb] vtr (confront)与某人对峙Emily tackled her husband over his drinking.艾米丽因为丈夫饮酒而与他对峙。tag [sb] as [sth/sb] vtr + conj (identify: as) (比喻)给某人贴上…的标签；把某人叫作…At an early age, Karen's teachers tagged her as a troublemaker.小时候，凯伦的老师管她叫小捣蛋鬼。tag [sb/sth] vtr (on internet: label)给…加标签The blog writer tagged the post with several keywords.这名博主给帖子加了多个标签。tag [sb] vtr (touch in chasing game) (捉人游戏中)用手触碰而抓获John tagged Andrew, who then tagged Paula.tag [sb] vtr (fit with electronic tag)给…装上电子跟踪器The police tagged the convicted shoplifter to ensure he kept to his bail conditions.tag [sb] vtr US (give traffic ticket to)给…开罚单tail [sb/sth] vtr informal (follow) (非正式用语)跟随, 盯梢, 偷偷尾随；紧随…之后The spy tailed the official to find out whom he was working with.间谍偷偷尾随这位官员，想弄清楚他与谁一起工作。NEW：那条狗紧随主人之后跑了出去。tailgate [sb/sth] vtr informal (drive closely behind)紧跟...行驶A red car tailgated me all the way to the grocery store.tailor-made for [sth/sb] adj figurative (perfectly suited)为…量身打造的Jim has always loved trains, so his new job as a train driver is tailor-made for him.take [sth] to [sth/sb] vtr (transport, carry)将...带去；将...搬运到；把...带到He took the radio to his friend's house.他把收音机带到了朋友家里。take [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (snatch, confiscate)从...处夺走His friend took the TV from him.朋友从他的住处夺走了电视机。take [sb/sth] vtr (convey, transport)用车搭载；运送；运走Will you take me to the bus station?你能开车送我去公交车站吗？take [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep (confiscate)把…充公；没收The teacher took the magazine from the student.take [sb] vtr (arrest)逮捕；拘捕The police took the criminal without any problems.take [sb] vtr (admit, accept)招收；招入We only take the most intelligent students in this college.take [sb] vtr informal, figurative (cheat, rob) (非正式用语)欺骗, 哄骗；抢劫He realized that he had been taken when the camera he bought had no working parts inside.a take on [sth], [sb]'s take on [sth] n mainly US (version, interpretation)对…的讲述，对…的诠释；某人对…的讲述，某人对…的诠释This movie is the director's take on the classic love story.这部影片是导演对经典爱情故事的诠释。take a close look at [sth/sb], take a careful look at [sth/sb] v expr (examine, inspect [sth])仔细检查；仔细查看Before buying a used car, I take a careful look at the engine.take a crack at [sb] v expr slang (criticize [sb])尝试It's easy to take a crack at his new girlfriend- she's ugly, stupid, and unemployed.take a dig at [sb] v expr informal (criticize or attack verbally)批评，指责；口头攻击Sally's been taking digs at her colleagues, and they're not pleased about it.take a leaf out of [sb]'s book v expr figurative (follow [sb]'s example)效仿；学...的样子take [sb] a long time v expr (require much time for [sb] to do)需要某人花费很长时间；需要某人花很久I put the wardrobe together from a kit; it took me a long time!take [sb] a long time to do [sth] v expr (require much time of [sb])做某事需要某人花费很长时间；做某事需要某人花很久It has taken Graeme a long time to get over his divorce.take a look at [sth/sb] v expr informal (look casually at [sth/sb])看一看Zoe took a look at the clock and was surprised to see that it was already 5 p.m.佐伊看了看时钟，意外地发现已经下午5点了。take a look at [sth/sb] v expr informal (inspect, investigate [sth/sb])调查You should get a doctor to take a look at that rash.你应该找一个医生看看皮疹。take a peep at [sth/sb] v expr (quickly look at)瞥一眼；看一眼take a shine to [sb] v expr informal (take a liking to [sb])迷恋某人；对某人着迷She took a shine to him from the first time they met.take a shot at [sth/sb] v expr (fire at, try to hit [sth/sb])向...射击；朝...开枪When you see the target appear, aim your gun and take a shot at it. I took a shot at the deer, but I missed.看到目标出现时，端起枪瞄准，然后向目标射击。我朝那只鹿开了一枪，但没打中。take a stand against [sth/sb], make a stand against [sth/sb] v expr (maintain opinion against opposition)坚定反对...的立场Are you going to take a stand against the government's crackdown on the press?你是否打算坚定立场，反对政府对媒体的压迫？take a swing at [sb] v expr (try to hit [sb])挥拳出击take a swipe at [sb] v expr (aim a punch at)重击；猛掴I was so enraged by the paparazzo that I took a swipe at him.take a swipe at [sb] v expr figurative (criticize)批评, 抨击Critics have taken a swipe at the government's proposals, calling them unrealistic.批评家抨击了政府的议案，称其并不现实。take advantage of [sb/sth] v expr (exploit)占…的便宜People who run scams try to take advantage of gullible internet users.进行诈骗的人就是想要占容易上当受骗的网民们的便宜。take aim at [sth/sb] v expr (point a weapon at)瞄准I saw a sniper taking aim at us from a second-story window.take [sth/sb] along vtr + adv (take with you)带上；捎上If you're going to the swimming pool, your little brother's bored; why not take him along?take an interest in [sth/sb], show an interest in [sth/sb] v expr (show curiosity or concern)对…感兴趣My mother never took any interest in my hobbies.take [sb] at their word, take [sb] at his word, take [sb] at her word v expr (believe [sb] is speaking honestly)相信...的话；信任...说的take away [sb]'s innocence v expr euphemism (take [sb]'s virginity) (委婉语)夺走某人的童贞take away [sb]'s innocence v expr (disillusion)夺去某人的纯真；使某人不再抱有幼稚的想法take [sth/sb] by storm v expr (attack and conquer)攻下；攻占take [sth/sb] by storm v expr figurative (be a sudden success)风靡于...；在...中大获成功take [sb] by surprise v expr (surprise [sb])使…吃惊She took him by surprise when she suddenly ran into his room.take care of [sb/sth] v expr (tend)照顾I took care of my mother in the final months of her life.我照顾母亲临终前最后几个月。take [sb] for a ride v expr figurative, informal (deceive, fool [sb])欺骗某人；诈骗某人When he discovered his wallet was missing, he realized she'd taken him for a ride.take [sb] for a ride v expr (transport [sb] in a car)用汽车载某人；载某人一程He took her for a ride along the coast at sunset.take [sb/sth] for granted v expr (not value fully)认为…理所当然；想当然Children often take their parents for granted.孩子们常常认为父母的所作所为理所当然。take hold of [sth/sb] v expr (grasp, seize [sth])抓住；握住The horse wouldn't move so I took hold of the reins and pulled.那匹马不肯挪步，所以我抓住辔头拉动它。take [sth/sb] in hand v expr figurative (take control)控制，掌控take [sb] into care v expr UK (government: take custody of child)（政府）把（孩子）送到福利院或收养家庭照顾Due to obvious neglect, the child was taken into care and ultimately placed in a foster home.take issue with [sth/sb] v expr (disagree with)在…方面有分歧；向某人提出异议；与某人有分歧She took issue with his claim of innocence.take leave, take leave of [sb/sth] expr (go away from [sb/sth])向…告别take liberties with [sb] v expr ([sb]: be too familiar)对…举止冒昧；对…态度随便He had only just met her, but started to take liberties with her, touching and caressing her.take [sb]'s mind off [sth/sb] v expr informal (distract [sb] from thinking about [sth], [sb])使某人分心不想某事；让某人从某事中抽身take no notice of [sb/sth] v expr (pay no attention to, disregard)没注意到She took no notice of his antics.take notice of [sth/sb] v expr (pay attention)注意到He took notice of all the road signs but still got lost.take [sth] out on [sb/sth] v expr informal (inflict bad mood on [sb])对…出气；拿…当出气筒Don't take your anger out on your sister; she had nothing to do with it.take it out on [sb/sth] v expr informal (inflict bad mood on [sb])拿…出气Don't take it out on me just because you've had a bad day.take pity on [sb] v expr (show compassion, mercy to)同情The police took pity on the young girl and gave her a lift home.take precedence over [sth/sb] v expr (have priority over [sth/sb])优先于...；比...重要take [sth/sb] seriously vtr + adv (not interpret as a joke)严肃对待；把…当真Ruby took the man's threat seriously, and reported it to the police.take the mickey, take the mickey out of [sb/sth] v expr UK, slang (mock)取笑某人，拿...开玩笑take the piss out of [sb/sth] v expr UK, vulgar, figurative, slang (mock)嘲笑某人或某事take the wind out of [sb]'s sails v expr (kill [sb]'s motivation)让...失去动力take the words out of [sb]'s mouth, take the words right out of [sb]'s mouth v expr (say what [sb] else was going to say)完全同意某人的话；把某人想说的话说了出来take [sb] to task, bring [sb] to task v expr (reprimand, rebuke [sb])批评；责备take [sb] to task for [sth], bring [sb] to task for [sth] v expr (reprimand [sb] for [sth])因...而训斥...The coach took them to task for their poor performance.take [sb] to task for doing [sth], bring [sb] to task for doing [sth] v expr (reprimand [sb] for doing [sth])因...做了...而训斥take [sb] to the cleaners v expr figurative, slang (take all [sb]'s money) (俚语)榨干某人所有的钱take [sb] to the cleaners v expr figurative, slang (sports: defeat thoroughly) (俚语，指体育)碾压；让...大败take [sb] up on [sth] v expr (accept offer of)接受你关于…的提议You'll do the work for just £20? Great - I'll take you up on that offer!只要20英镑，你就愿意做这份工作？太好了，我接受你的提议！take vengeance on [sb], have vengeance on [sb] v expr (be avenged)报复Mark took vengeance on his old girlfriend by putting embarrassing pictures online.take [sb]'s breath away v expr figurative (astonish, stun)使震惊；使惊讶take your cue from [sb] v expr figurative (follow [sb]'s example)以某人为榜样take your hat off to [sb], take off your hat to [sb] v expr figurative, informal (respect, congratulate)向…脱帽致敬I take my hat off to the inventor of this amazing tool.take your pick of [sth/sb] v expr (choose any one of [sth] you like)从...随便挑；在...中任选Nick has done so well at university; he'll be able to take his pick of jobs.take [sb]'s word v expr (believe what [sb] says)相信某人说的Don't just take my word - look it up for yourself.take [sb]'s word for it, take [sb]'s word for that v expr (believe what [sb] says)相信某人的话taken with [sb/sth] adj + prep (like, be fond of)喜欢He was very taken with her after the dinner party.talk to [sb] vi + prep (speak to, address)与...说话She talks to her pets even though they can't respond.即便宠物没有办法回话，她也常对它们说话。talk with [sb] vi + prep (discuss [sth] with)与…讨论；与…商讨Can I talk with you a minute? I'll talk with my associates and get back to you.我能和你讨论一小会儿吗？我会与同事商讨，然后再回复你。talk about [sth/sb] vi + prep (discuss)讨论；谈论We talked about the film we had just seen.我们就刚看过的电影进行了讨论。talk to [sb] vi (address issue with [sb])跟…谈谈Vinnie's been giving you a hard time? Don't worry; I'll talk to him.维尼一直在找你麻烦？别担心，我会去跟他谈谈的。talk [sb] down from [sth] v expr figurative (dissuade from)说服The King's advisors tried to talk him down from his anger.国王的顾问们试图说服他平息怒火。talk [sb] into [sth] v expr (persuade)说服某人做某事；劝服某人接受某事Can I talk you into a coffee?我能说服你喝杯咖啡吗？talk [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (persuade to do [sth])说服某人做某事；劝服某人做某事She talked him into going to the cinema that night.她说服他那天晚上去电影院看电影。talk [sb] out of [sth] v expr (dissuade)劝服某人；劝某人回心转意talk [sb] out of doing [sth] v expr (dissuade from doing [sth])劝服某人不做某事I'm trying to talk her out of leaving school at 16.tame [sb] vtr figurative (make more tractable) (人)驯服；使…听话Ursula was a wild child who resisted her parents' efforts to tame her.厄休拉是个忤逆父母管教、肆意妄为的小孩。tan [sb]'s behind, tan [sb]'s backside vtr figurative, slang (whip, beat)狠狠揍…一顿；痛打…一顿Polly's father said he'd tan her backside if she was late home again.tan [sb]'s hide, whip [sb]'s hide v expr (beat [sb] as punishment)揍一顿tangle [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep often passive (trap, ensnare)使…陷入；使…卷入Freya is always tangling me in her schemes and I'm the one who gets in trouble!tantalize [sb], also UK: tantalise [sb] vtr (tease, torment [sb])撩拨；吊胃口； (使某人望而不及)折磨The children weren't allowed any of the freshly baked pie and the smell tantalized them.tap [sth/sb] vtr (poke, pat)轻敲；轻叩；轻拍；轻击Harry went up to Catherine and tapped her on the shoulder.哈利赶上凯瑟琳，轻轻拍了一下她的肩膀。tap [sb] vtr US, figurative (designate, single out)任命；指定；选定Senior figures in the party have tapped the young senator as a possible future president.tap [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep slang (money: borrow from) (尤指钱)向…索要, 借The teenager tapped her mother for £20.tap [sth/sb] vtr informal, abbreviation (wiretap, bug)搭线窃听；给...装窃听器Adrian suspected someone was tapping his calls.tap [sb]'s phone v expr (bug [sb]'s telephone)窃听某人的电话I think someone might have tapped my phone – it's making a funny noise.tape-record [sb/sth] vtr (audio)用录音带录音；tar and feather [sb] v expr (cover [sb] wtih hot tar and feathers)严厉惩罚某人；重罚某人tar [sb] with the same brush, tar [sb] with the same brush as [sb/sth] v expr (attribute same faults to)一竿子打翻一船人；认为某人（与其他人）是一丘之貉I know he's an awful person, but don't tar me with the same brush just because he's my brother!target [sth/sb] vtr (single out, aim at)瞄准；把…当目标They targeted the teen market with the new product.target [sb] vtr (try to influence [sb])以…为目标人群This advertisement for tobacco targets young people.这则烟草广告以年轻人为目标人群。target [sb] vtr (persecute or bully [sb])把…当作（欺负等）的目标Children who are smaller than their classmates may be targeted by bullies.个头比同班同学矮小的孩子们可能会成为霸凌者的欺负目标。Taser [sb], taser [sb] vtr ® (shoot with electric dart gun)电击某人；用电击枪打某人task [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (assign a task to)给…分配（任务）The lawyer tasked his assistant with the paperwork.那个律师给助手分配了文书工作。task [sb] with doing [sth] v expr (assign a task to)派任务给He was tasked with loading the data onto the computer system.他被派给了将数据载入计算机系统的任务。tattle on [sb] vi + prep US, informal, infantile (report [sb]'s misdeed)告密；打小报告tattoo [sb/sth] vtr (give a tattoo) (在人身上刺花纹)刺青；纹身This tattoo artist tattoos an average of six people every day.taunt [sb] vtr (tease, mock)嘲笑，嘲讽；戏弄，逗弄The little boy's classmates taunted him when he started wearing glasses.小男孩开始戴眼镜时，同学都嘲笑他。taunt [sb] vtr (provoke)招惹；故意刺激My cat Magali will leave people alone unless they taunt her.除非受到刺激，否则我的猫玛佳丽是不会主动攻击人的。taw [sb/sth] vtr archaic (flog)鞭打tax [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep (charge)指责He was taxed with neglecting his duties.tax [sb/sth] vtr (demand mental power of)消耗精力；费脑力These puzzles really tax my brain.taxi [sb], taxi [sb] to [sth] vtr (convey by car)用车送...；用车将…送到…Ellen taxied her friend across town so he could catch his train.The teenager's father was fed up with taxiing his daughter to all her friends' parties.teach [sb] vtr (educate)教育, 教；教授Lee hopes to teach young children.李先生希望能教幼儿。teach [sb] [sth] vtr (give instruction to [sb] in)教某人...Ben teaches high school kids French and Spanish.本教高中生法语和西班牙语。teach [sb] to do [sth], teach [sb] how to do [sth] v expr (instruct in technique)教某人做某事Dave is teaching his teenage daughter to drive a car.Who taught you how to skate?戴夫正在教他十几岁的女儿开车。是谁教你溜冰的？teach [sb] about [sth] vtr + prep (give knowledge of)教会某人...的知识；让某人了解某事The clinic teaches people about health issues.Sonoko taught me about Japanese food and culture.诊所教会大家关于健康问题的知识。teach [sb] a lesson v expr figurative (punish and deter [sb]) (比喻)给某人上课, 教训某人一顿The witch taught the prince a lesson by turning him into a frog.teach [sb] the basics of [sth] v expr (give [sb] elementary lessons in a subject)教某人基础课程We decided to teach them the basics of English.team [sb] with [sb] vtr (people: join in a team)与…组成团队I wish they hadn't teamed me with Rob. He's so slow!tear [sb] vtr figurative (distress)折磨, 使痛苦； (比喻折磨)撕碎I'm torn as to whether I should go or stay.tear [sth/sb] asunder, rend [sth/sb] asunder vtr + adv literary (split, separate)撕碎Unfaithfulness tore the couple asunder.tear [sb] away from [sth] v expr informal, figurative (remove from)将...带离...；将...从...拽走tear [sb] off a strip, tear a strip off [sb] v expr informal (berate, tell off)怒斥；痛骂tear [sb] to pieces v expr figurative, informal (criticize harshly)严厉斥责, 把…数落得体无完肤The critics tore my performance to pieces.tear [sb] to shreds, rip [sb] to shreds v expr figurative, informal (person: criticize harshly)严厉斥责，把…数落得体无完肤The boss lost his temper and tore his secretary to shreds.teargas [sb] vtr (subject to teargas fumes)对…使用催泪弹tease [sb] vtr (make fun of)戏弄；取笑I got teased at school because my hair looked funny.我在学校里被别人取笑，因为我的头发看起来很滑稽。tease [sb] vtr (annoy)使恼怒；招惹Stop teasing your little sister!不用再去招惹你妹妹了！tease [sb] vtr (tantalize)挑逗；撩拨She teased us with smells of roasted garlic and herbs.烤蒜和调料味挑逗着我们的鼻子。tease [sb] vtr (flirt with)挑逗…，和…调情Rachel is always teasing me but she never puts out.瑞秋总喜欢挑逗我，但从没有实际行动。telegraph [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (send by telegraph)发电报；发报In the 19th century, it became possible to telegraph messages to people across the Atlantic Ocean.telegraph [sb] vtr (contact by telegraph)发电报给；打电报给The communications officer tried desperately to telegraph the commander.telephone [sb] vtr slightly formal (call [sb])给…打电话；打电话给They telephoned us to tell us that they arrived home safely.telex [sb] vtr dated (send a fax to)发电传给Gretchen's boss asked her to telex a client.tell [sb] [sth] vtr (inform, convey)告诉；告知Tell me what he said. I finally told her what happened.告诉我他说了什么？我最终告诉了她发生了什么事。tell [sb] vtr (inform)告诉；报告If someone is bullying you, tell the teacher.如果有人欺负你，告诉老师。tell [sb], tell [sb] that vtr (with clause: announce)通知；向…宣布He told the whole school that he was leaving to become a rock musician.他向全校宣布，自己要离开学校，去做一名摇滚音乐人。tell [sb] [sth] vtr (reveal, divulge)向某人泄露某事；向某人透露某事We told them our secret.我们向他们透露了自己的秘密。tell [sb] [sth] vtr (recount: a story) (故事)讲，讲述Daddy, can you tell me a story?爸爸，你能给我讲个故事吗？tell [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (recount [sth] to [sb])向…讲述He told the story to his daughter.他向女儿讲述了那个故事。tell [sb] to do [sth] v expr (command, order)让某人做某事；嘱咐某人做某事；命令某人做某事He told her to clean her room.tell [sb] vtr (assure)使确信；使相信I have done all the work, I tell you.tell [sb] vtr (explain)向…解释；向…说明Tell me exactly how you came to this conclusion.tell [sb] vtr (report to)告诉；向…告状You've broken my toy car. I'm telling Mum!你弄坏了我的玩具车。我要去告诉妈妈！tell [sb] a secret, tell a secret to [sb] v expr (confide [sth] private to [sb])向...袒露秘密Once she told me her great secret, I wished I had never heard it. My neighbour likes to gossip - if you tell her a secret, the whole village knows by the end of the day!tempt [sb] vtr (attract, entice)吸引，引起某人的兴趣；引诱，诱惑Robert's colleagues knew he was on a diet, but they kept tempting him with cakes.罗伯特的同事明知道他正在节食，还一直用蛋糕来引诱他。tempt [sb] to do [sth] v expr (entice to do)吸引某人做某事；使某人有兴趣做某事Wendy's stories of her travels through India tempted Karen to go there herself.温蒂印度之旅的故事吸引着卡伦，让她也想亲自去一次。terminate [sb] vtr slang (kill)杀死, 行刺；终结The hit man terminated the witness.terminate [sb] vtr informal ([sb]: fire from job)解雇Management decided to terminate Paula; she'd made too many mistakes.terrify [sb] vtr (make very afraid)恐吓；使害怕The sudden sound of dogs barking terrified the little boy.terrorize [sb], also UK: terrorise [sb] vtr (fill with terror)恐吓；威胁；使...恐惧The extremists were terrorizing the population.terrorize [sb/sth], also UK: terrorise [sb/sth] vtr (frighten)使害怕；使惊吓；使...恐惧Billy thought it was funny to terrorize his younger sister.test [sb], test [sb] for [sth] vtr (perform medical check) (医疗)检测，因为…而对…进行化验The doctor tested Mark for TB.医生检测马克是否患上了结核病。test [sb], test [sb] on [sth] vtr (check knowledge)对…进行…方面的测试；考查…对于…方面的知识The teacher tested the students on what they had learnt that term.老师对学生们进行了当期所学知识方面的测试。testify against [sb] vi + prep (give evidence that incriminates)作出对…不利的证明Even though she knew her husband was guilty, she was unwilling to testify against him in the trial.text [sb] vtr (send an SMS message to)给…发短信I'll text you later to arrange a time to meet.thank [sb] vtr (express gratitude)感谢；对…表示感谢The bride graciously thanked the guests at the reception.新娘在接待处感谢出席婚礼的亲朋好友，举止雅致大方。thank [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep (express gratitude)表示感谢；道谢；谢谢Charlene thanked Scott for the flowers.Mike thanked Jane for helping him with his maths homework.查琳感谢斯科特送花给她。// 麦克感谢简帮他完成数学作业。thank [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep ironic (blame)责备, 责怪Who do we have to thank for this mess?thankful to [sb/sth] adj + prep (grateful to)感激；感谢I am thankful to my parents for everything they have done for me.我感谢父母为我做的一切。thanks to [sb/sth] prep (with the help of)在…的帮助下；多亏了Thanks to my good friend Ellen, I got to the airport on time.Thanks to the heavy curtains on my windows, I'm able to sleep even when the sun's shining.多亏了我的好朋友艾伦，我才能准时到达机场。 // 多亏了窗户前厚重的窗帘，即使外面阳光明媚，我也能安然入睡。thanks to [sb] prep (because of, due to)由于；因为Thanks to my son hogging the bathroom this morning, I was late for work.由于今早浴室被儿子霸占，我上班迟到了。the best thing about [sth/sb] n (greatest feature)最好的一点the likes of [sb] npl (person of a particular type)像…这样的人；同类型的人Opera is for sophisticated, rich people; it isn't for the likes of me.the same holds for [sth/sb] expr (this is also true of)对...也适用think about [sth/sb], think of [sth/sb] vi + prep (be preoccupied)想着He was saddened, and thought about her situation all the time.他心绪黯然，一直想着她的处境。think [sth/sb] ... vtr literary, formal (consider to be)认为；觉得The first time I met Charles, I thought him a vain man.think of [sth/sb] as [sth] v expr (consider to be)认为；当作；判定I think of him as my friend.我把他当作朋友。think of [sth/sb] vi + prep (take into account)考虑到；想到You can't leave me! Think of the children!你不能离开我！想想孩子们！think better of [sb] v expr (regard more highly)认为…更好I would think better of him if he was more easy-going.think highly of [sb/sth] v expr (hold in high regard)对…高度评价；对…评价颇高The boss seems to think highly of you.think little of [sb/sth] v expr (have poor opinion of)仍为...不好think the world of [sb] v expr informal (adore or admire greatly)崇拜, 非常喜欢He thinks the world of his children.think well of [sb] v expr (respect, admire)对…评价较好Amy's parents think well of her new boyfriend.thought to be [sth/sb] expr (believed or considered to be [sth])被认为是；是大家眼中的He was thought to be a good student, until he was caught with drugs.thousands of [sth/sb] adj (amounting to thousands)几千个的…There are thousands of different recipes to make soup.汤有几千种做法。thrash [sb] vtr (beat violently)重击；猛击I was thrashed regularly as a schoolboy.thrash [sb] vtr figurative, informal (defeat thoroughly) (比赛)打得落花流水, 重创The home team thrashed the visitors tonight, 75 to 30.thrash [sb] at [sth] vtr + prep figurative, informal (defeat thoroughly)在…上彻底打败某人Audrey thrashed Tania at tennis.a threat to [sth/sb] n (dangerous person)危害...的人The criminal was considered a threat to society.那个罪犯被认为是一个危害社会的人。threaten [sb] vtr (menace)恫吓；威胁She threatened me with a knife.她用一把刀子威胁我。thrill [sb] vtr (excite)使极为兴奋；使非常激动The feeling of the wind rushing by as his horse galloped beneath him thrilled Liam.骑马迎风飞奔的感觉让他非常激动。throttle [sb] vtr (choke, strangle)掐住…的脖子；使窒息；掐死The murderer throttled his victim.凶手掐死了受害者。；be through with [sb] v expr informal (end relationship with [sb])和…断绝关系After discovering her husband's affair, Monica decided she was through with him.莫妮卡发现自己的丈夫有婚外恋情，认为自己受够了，该离开他了。throw [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (hurl for [sb] to catch)把…扔给Steve threw the keys to Janet so that she could unlock the door.史蒂夫把钥匙扔给珍妮特，这样一来她就能把门打开了。throw [sb] [sth] vtr (hurl for [sb] to catch)把…扔给Throw me that towel, would you?能请你把那张毛巾扔给我吗？throw [sth] at [sth/sb] vtr + prep (hurl in the direction of)用…扔Johnny was told off for throwing a book at his brother.约翰尼因为用书扔自己的弟弟而受到责骂。throw [sth/sb] vtr (cause to move violently)猛烈地推The rough seas threw the ship from side to side.throw [sth/sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (cause to be in specific condition)使...陷入某种情况；导致...出现某种状况The process was thrown into disarray when the boss changed his mind.The protesters were thrown into a panic by the arrival of the police.老板改变了主意，流程因此陷入混乱。// 警察的出现让示威人群陷入慌乱之中。throw [sb] vtr (overwhelm)使迷惑不解；使不知所措The way he lost his temper totally threw me and I had to leave.throw [sb] vtr (confuse)使困惑；使糊涂The news threw him because it was not what he expected.throw [sb/sth] vtr (cause to fall)使倒下；使跌倒；使摔倒A collision with another skier threw Steven to the ground.throw [sb/sth] out of [sth] v expr (eject from) (物)把…扔出…，从…往外扔…； (人)把…扔出…，把…赶出…Train passengers must not throw rubbish out of the window.乘坐火车的乘客不得把垃圾扔出窗外。throw [sb] a curve ball, throw [sb] a curve v expr US, informal, figurative (do [sth] unexpected)出乎某人意料；做令某人意外的事throw [sb] a curve ball, throw [sb] a curve v expr US, informal, figurative (do [sth] misleading)做误导某人的事throw [sth] back in [sb]'s face v expr figurative (charge with past misdeeds)翻某人的旧账I wish you wouldn't throw that incident back in my face every time we have a row!throw [sth] back in [sb]'s face v expr figurative (reject spitefully)带有恶意地拒绝throw [sb] for a loop, knock [sb] for a loop v expr (upset, shock)非常震惊；大吃一惊The news of her brother’s death really threw Evie for a loop. Discovering his wife had been cheating on him with his best friend knocked Stuart for a loop.throw [sb] off center (US), throw [sb] off centre (UK) v expr figurative (disorient)使某人方寸大乱；使某人感到迷惘；使某人不知所措It threw me off center when my parents told me to pack my bags.throw [sb] to the wolves, throw [sb] to the lions v expr figurative (force [sb] into a dangerous situation)把…送上绝路；将...逼入险境throw [sb] and [sb] together vtr + adv (put in each other's company)使偶然凑到一起A lot of very different people were thrown together in the lifeboat.thrust [sth/sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (push into forcefully)将…用力插入；将…强行推入Rose wrote down the phone number and thrust the piece of paper into her bag.With a hard shove, Veronica thrust the intruder into a cupboard and locked the door while she waited for the police to come.萝丝记下电话号码，然后将那页纸用力塞入自己的包。// 维罗妮卡用力一推，将闯入者强行推入了一个壁橱，然后锁紧了门，等待警察到来。thrust [sth/sb] aside, thrust aside [sb/sth] vtr + adv figurative (dismiss, reject)否决，忽略The manager thrust all Polly's ideas aside at the meeting.thrust [sth/sb] away vtr + adv (push away)把...推开John tried to put his arm around Janet, but she thrust him away.thrust [sth/sb] out vtr + adv (push forwards, project)推出；伸出Wendy opened the window and thrust her head out to look at the view.thrust [sth/sb] out vtr + adv (eject forcefully)逐出；飞出Because he wasn't wearing a seatbelt, he was thrust out through the windshield in the accident.thump [sb] vtr (punch: [sb]) (对象为人)痛打, 狠揍, 重击If he comes toward you, thump him.他要来招你，你就狠狠揍他。thwart [sb] vtr (stop [sb] from doing [sth])阻碍某人（做到某事）；使受挫折James wanted the promotion, but Linda thwarted him by getting it herself.thwart [sb]'s plans v expr (prevent [sb] achieving [sth])破坏某人计划Mr. Richards thwarted Mr. Johnson's plans when he revealed new information on the project.ticket [sb] vtr (give a summons)对…发出传票；给...开罚单The policeman ticketed me for speeding.我开车超速，警察给我开了张罚款单。ticket [sb] vtr (sell tickets to [sb])卖票给Once I've ticketed you, you can enter.tickle [sb/sth] vtr (act to cause sensation)呵…的痒, 胳肢；使发痒The grass tickled Nina's bare feet as she carried her morning coffee to the table in the garden.妮娜将早上的咖啡端到花园中享用，草地让她的足下发痒。tickle [sth/sb] vtr figurative (amuse, entertain)逗乐；使...发笑Her husband's insistence on planting his onions in perfectly straight lines tickled Lydia.tickle [sb] vtr often passive (please, gratify)使高兴；使满足The old lady was tickled to be able to meet up with her childhood friend.tie [sb/sth] to [sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (connect, link)和…有关系, 和…有关联The politician had to resign because it was discovered that he was tied to the mafia.tie [sb] to [sth/sb] vtr figurative, often passive (restrict)限制, 约束, 束缚He is tied to the job by the golden handcuffs in his contract.tie [sb] down vtr + adv figurative (restrain, restrict [sb])限制tip [sb] vtr (give extra money)给…小费；付…小费It is customary to tip your waiter 15% in American restaurants.在美国餐馆，习惯上要给15%的小费。tip [sb] off to [sth], tip [sb] off about [sth] v expr often passive, informal (inform, warn)暗中向某人透露某事The informant tipped off the police about the planned drugs drop.线人向警方透露了计划的毒品交易。tip your hat to [sb] v expr (lift your hat to acknowledge [sb])向某人致敬The gentleman tipped his hat to the lady.tire [sb] vtr (make tired)让…感到疲惫；使…觉得累The hike had tired Agatha, so she went to bed early.徒步让阿加莎感到非常疲惫，所以早早就上床睡了。tire of [sth/sb] vi + prep (lose interest in)厌倦At first, Rose was very enthusiastic about the course, but she tired of it when she realised how much work she had to do.罗斯起初对这门课兴趣十足，但在意识到要付出多大努力时，就厌倦了。be tired of [sth/sb] v expr (have had enough of)对…厌倦；受够了I'm tired of his constant complaining.I'm tired of seeing hyphens used incorrectly.get tired of [sth/sb] v expr (start to be weary of)对...倦怠了；厌烦了...；做...累了The teacher was getting tired of having to tell her students to stop chatting.titillate [sb] vtr (tease, entice: esp. sexually)勾引；挑逗The racy scene in the film titillated the audience.titivate [sth/sb], tittivate [sth/sb] vtr (prettify)打扮；装扮title [sb] [sth] vtr (confer a title on)授予…头衔，给…冠上…头衔They titled her, "The Queen of Jazz".他们给她冠上“爵士女王”的头衔。love [sb] to distraction v expr (love madly)疯狂地爱着...to [sb]'s liking adj (suiting [sb]'s taste)如某人所愿I'm afraid the colour green is not to my liking; I prefer blue.to [sb]'s liking adv (in preferred way)合...口味地Choose a steak and we will cook it to your liking.to the best of my knowledge, to the best of [sb]'s knowledge expr (as far as I know)据我所知To the best of my knowledge, all of the coffee shops in the city close before 9:00 p.m.to the detriment of [sth/sb] prep (causing harm, damage)严重伤害；严重损害to [sb]'s credit expr (deserving praise)值得表扬某人；拜某人所赐toady to [sb] vi + prep pejorative (behave obsequiously to)拍某人马屁；对某人溜须拍马Don't trust a word that Frank says; he toadies to Kevin and will report everything you say.toast [sb/sth] vtr (honor with drink)给…敬酒；向…祝酒Let's toast the chairman.我们去给主席敬酒。tog [sb] up in [sth] v expr informal (dress, clothe) (非正式用语)让某人穿上toilet-train [sb], toilet train [sb] vtr (teach to use toilet)训练…上厕所tolerant of [sth/sb] adj (liberal, accepting of) (制度等)宽松的, 不苛刻的The standards here are tolerant of casual dress.ton of [sth/sb] n figurative, informal (large quantity)很多；大量I have a ton of work to do this week.我这周有许多工作。tongue [sb] vtr slang (French kiss)和…舌吻Sarah found it hard to concentrate on the film, because of the two teenagers tonguing each other in the row in front of her.由于坐在前排的两个年轻人在和彼此舌吻，所以萨拉觉得很难集中注意力观影。tonsure [sb] vtr (monk: shave head)给...削发；为...剃度too much for [sb] prep (overwhelming)超出…的能力之外，非…所能应付；超出…的忍耐范围之外Caring for six children was too much for the exhausted young mother.too much for [sb] prep (intolerable)超出…的能力之外，非…所能应付；超出…的忍耐范围之外Losing his wife was too much for him to bear.torment [sb] vtr (make suffer)折磨；烦扰；使痛苦Severe headaches have tormented her for years.torment [sb] vtr (child: pester, annoy) (儿童对家长等)纠缠, 烦扰Stop tormenting your sister while she's doing her homework.torture [sb/sth] vtr (inflict severe pain on) (肉体上)折磨, 拷打； (感情上、精神上)折磨, 使痛苦Prisoners claimed that the guards had tortured them.The man was found guilty of torturing his dog.toss [sb] vtr US, colloquial (sports: eject) (体育比赛时犯规)被罚出场touch [sb] vtr (enter into contact with)接触；碰；轻拍He touched her shoulder.他拍了拍她的肩膀。touch [sb] vtr (move emotionally)感动；触动；影响She was touched by the woman's life story.她被那女子的生平感动了。touch [sth/sb] vtr (be in contact with)与…接触The table touches the wall.touch [sth/sb] vtr (bring into contact)使邻接；使相触Move the sofa back so it touches the wall.touch [sb] vtr figurative (rival)比得上；及得上She can't touch you for efficiency. You are so reliable.touch [sb] vtr figurative (reach)联系上；联系到I asked him to talk to me about his problems, but wasn't able to touch him.touch [sb] vtr (harm)伤害；粗暴对待Don't you touch her or I will kill you!touch [sb] vtr (concern, affect)与…相关；影响Don't worry. This matter doesn't touch you.touch, touch [sb] for [sth] vtr (borrow money from)向…借钱He touched me for twenty pounds yesterday.touch base with [sb], touch bases v expr US, figurative, informal (make contact with [sb])接触, 联系, 联络Touch base with me in a few weeks so I can see how the project's coming along.过几周再联系我，我去看看项目的进展情况。tour [sb] vtr US (lead in tour)带领…观光；带领…游览She toured them around her hometown.tout [sth/sb] vtr (promote, publicize)宣传；给...做广告The manager was busy touting his band.toy with [sb/sth] vi + prep (treat frivolously) (玩弄感情)玩弄Alice said she loved Brian, but she was only toying with his affections.爱丽丝说她爱布莱恩，但其实她只是在玩弄他的感情。trace [sb] vtr (find)找到；追踪Police are trying to trace witnesses to the accident.警方正试图找到事故的目击证人。trace [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (find origin, originator)追踪…到…；顺着…追踪到…Karen finally traced the strange smell to the pile of clothes on her teenage daughter's bedroom floor.凯伦顺着那股奇怪的气味最终追踪到年轻女儿卧室地板上的一堆衣服。trace [sth] back to [sth/sb] v expr often passive (identify origin, owner)追溯；回溯The origins of Halloween can be traced back to the Celts.万圣节的起源可以追溯到凯尔特人。traceable to [sth/sb] adj + prep (originating with)可追溯至...的；源自...的The statement is traceable to a 16th century poet.track [sb] vtr figurative (hunt: person)追踪，追捕The detective had been tracking the criminal for months.侦探连续数月都在追踪罪犯。track [sth/sb] vtr (monitor route of)追踪，跟踪When you order from this website, you can track the shipment online.在这家网站购物，可以在线跟踪快递。track [sth/sb] vtr (monitor the progress of) (进展)跟踪The teacher tracked the student's progress.老师对该学生的进步进行了追踪调查。track [sb] vtr US (education: stream) (学生)根据成绩等把...分班He was tracked into the accelerated learning programme.track [sb/sth] vtr (trace: phone calls, caller) (电话、来电者)追查；追踪The detectives were not able to track the caller.侦探没能追踪到来电者。trade with [sb/sth] vi + prep (do business with)和…做生意；与…进行贸易I trade with him from time to time.我时不时地会与他进行贸易往来。trade [sth] with [sb], trade [sth] with [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep informal (exchange or swop [sth] with)与某人交换某物Jack traded the cow with a merchant for a handful of beans.杰克用那头牛与商人交换了一把豆子。traffic [sth/sb] vtr (sell illegally) (人口贩卖、毒品贩卖等)非法交易，非法买卖The gang had been trafficking drugs for years before they were caught.这个团伙持续贩毒多年后才落网。trail [sth/sb] vtr (drag behind)拖着…前进；将…拖在后面The plane was trailing a large banner.那架飞机拖着一面很大的旗帜前进。trail [sb/sth] vtr (follow, track)跟踪，追踪；跟在后面The hunters had been trailing the boar for hours.猎人们已经一连追踪了野猪好几个小时。trail behind [sb/sth] vi + prep (not go as fast as)跟随着；落后于On their walk, the older dog trailed behind the younger dog.trail behind [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (not do as well as)落后于...This company is trailing behind its competitors; its products just aren't as popular.train [sb] vtr (teach)教授某人；培训；训练We have someone new starting at work on Monday and I have to train her.周一会有新人上岗，我负责培训她。train [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (teach about [sth]) (某方面的知识)教某人…The instructor trained them in the use of the computer program.指导员教他们如何使用该电脑程序。train [sb] to do [sth] vtr + prep (person: teach to do)教某人做某事The coach trained her skaters to spin on one foot.教练教她的溜冰学员如何用单脚在冰面上旋转。train [sb] vtr (sports: coach) (体育运动)训练The coaches train the football players.trammel [sth/sb] vtr (restrain, hinder)束缚, 阻碍trample on [sb/sth], trample upon, trample over vi + prep figurative (treat roughly)践踏；伤害The high taxes trample on small business owners.trance [sb] vtr literary (put into hypnotic state)使陷入昏睡； (某人)催眠tranquilize [sb/sth] (US), tranquillize, tranquillise (UK) vtr (calm [sb] with drugs)用药物让…镇定；用药物让…安静transact business with [sb/sth] vtr (have commercial dealings with)与…进行交易；与…洽谈业务；和…做买卖Because of their lending practices, we do not transact business with that bank.transfer [sb] vtr often passive (convey [sb] to new place)使...转移，转移The prisoner was transferred to a maximum-security prison.该囚犯被转移到了一所最高安全级别的监狱。transfer [sb] vtr often passive (assign [sb] to new work location)调动，把…调到My boss is transferring me to the new office in San Francisco.我老板要把我调到旧金山的新办事处。transfer [sb] vtr (phone: pass to) (电话)转接Hold on the phone while I transfer you to our customer service department.我把您转接到客户服务部时，请不要挂电话。transfer [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (transmit)将…传递给He transferred all his knowledge to his replacement at work.transfer [sth] to [sb] vtr (law: change ownership to) (法律)转让, 让渡After two months, the house was transferred to the new owner.transfix [sb] vtr figurative (mesmerize, fascinate)使震惊；使惊呆The dancing flames transfixed the onlookers.transformation of [sth/sb] n (process of changing)转变的过程The transformation of the factory into a school took a year.transmit [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (data: send to [sb])发送…给The government transmitted an official message to its allies.transmit [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep (disease: spread)把…传染给The disease was transmitted to several patients in the hospital because the doctor's instruments were not completely clean.transplant [sth] into [sb/sth] vtr + prep (organ: transfer surgically)移植The surgeon transplanted a new lung into the patient's chest cavity.transplant [sb] vtr (people: relocate) (人)使迁居, 使迁移As a result of the war, many people were transplanted from their homes.transport [sb] vtr (provide transportation for) (乘客)运输，运送Every year, this airline transports hundreds of thousands of people to their holiday destinations.每年，这家航空公司将数十万人运送到他们的度假目的地。transport [sb] vtr figurative, usually passive (delight)使…狂喜；使…欣喜若狂Arriving at the top of the mountain, the young couple were transported by the glorious panorama that met their eyes.transport [sb] vtr historical, often passive (exile to penal colony)放逐；流放In the nineteenth century, British criminals were often transported to Australia.trap [sth/sb] vtr (catch, immobilize) (无法逃脱)困住, 困在He was trapped beneath a wall that had collapsed.他被困在一堵倒塌的墙下。trap [sb] vtr figurative (ensnare) (比喻)设计陷害，用计诱使He trapped me into a situation where I had to do his work for him.他用计诱使我陷入不得不替他工作的困境。trap [sb] vtr figurative, usu passive (catch)无法脱身I was trapped talking to him for two hours.我无法脱身，和他谈了两个小时。trash [sb/sth] vtr figurative, slang (criticize)评论；批评The critics trashed the director's latest movie.traumatize [sb], also UK: traumatise [sb] vtr (distress, upset [sb])使受精神创伤The events of 9/11 traumatized a lot of people.tread on [sb]'s toes, step on [sb]'s toes v expr figurative (encroach on [sb]'s territory) (因干预他人)惹恼；得罪The new employee trod on Gloria's toes when he sold some new products to her clients.treasure [sb] vtr (cherish, love [sb])珍爱某人；珍视某人Adam treasures Charlotte, so he's asked her to marry him.亚当珍爱着夏洛特，所以已经向她求婚了。treat [sb] vtr (behave towards)对待He treats her badly.他待她很差。treat [sb] vtr (pay, offer [sth] special)款待；请客Do you fancy going out for dinner tonight? I'll treat you!你今晚想要出去吃饭吗？我请客！treat [sb], treat [sb] to [sth] vtr (pay for [sb])款待；宴请；宴请She treated her friend to lunch. He treated her to a weekend at a spa.她请朋友吃中饭。他请她去一个水疗中心度周末。treat [sb] vtr (attempt to cure)治疗；医治The doctor treated the patient.这位医生为这个病人治过病。treat [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep often passive (show an attitude of)以…来对待某人Your elders deserve to be treated with respect.你应该带着尊重来对待长辈。treat [sb] harshly vtr + adv (be unfair or unkind to [sb])苛待某人；严厉对待某人The teacher treated her students very harshly when she screamed at them for talking during the lecture.tree [sb] vtr US, figurative (put in difficult position)让...陷入困境；把...置于困难之中trepan [sb] vtr (do surgery with a trepan)对...施环锯手术trepan [sb] vtr archaic (trap, cheat)陷害，欺骗trephine [sth/sb] vtr (remove bone section)在骨头上钻孔trespass against [sb/sth] vi + prep Biblical, formal (sin, transgress)越轨, 犯错, 违反规则You have trespassed against the rules of the church.triage [sb/sth] vtr (assess and prioritize)对...进行伤检分类It is my job to triage patients before they are treated.trick [sb] vtr (deceive)哄骗；欺骗I didn't want to buy the ticket -- I was tricked!我本不想买票的，可是被骗了！trick [sb] into [sth] vtr + prep (deceive into [sth])骗某人做某事Julia was tricked into marriage by a man who said he loved her when he was only after her money.那人说他爱茱莉亚，骗她结了婚，但他看重的只是茱莉亚的钱。trick [sb] into doing [sth] v expr (deceive into doing)骗某人做某事The scammer tricked Brian into handing over £400.诈骗者从布莱恩手中骗走了400英镑。trick [sb] out of [sth] vtr (cheat out of: money, etc.)欺诈；欺骗；哄骗The con man tricked the old lady out of her savings by pretending to work for a charity.犯罪分子假装成慈善机构员工，骗走了老妇人所有的积蓄。trifle with [sb/sth] vi + prep informal (treat frivolously)对…举止轻浮随便，玩弄，戏弄I wouldn't trifle with her if I were you. She has a nasty temper.我是你的话，就不会在她面前举止轻浮。要知道，她脾气可坏了。trigger [sb] vtr (cause emotional response) (导致情绪波动)让...生气；让...难过Please don't talk about that. It triggers me.别说了，我听着难过。trip [sb] vtr (make stumble)使跌倒；把…绊倒A bully tripped me in the hall.一个横行霸道的家伙在大厅里绊倒了我。troll [sb] vtr (video games: harass others) (游戏)给…捣乱，骚扰…The player was banned from the game for trolling others.由于恶意骚扰他人，那位玩家被游戏封禁了。troll [sb] vtr (bait other internet users) (网络)发帖引发…的论战, 发帖挑衅Bill spends a lot of time trolling conservatives on the Internet.比尔花费大量时间在网上发帖挑衅保守党。tromp [sb/sth] vtr US (roundly defeat)完胜；彻底击败trouble [sb] vtr (disturb, inconvenience)麻烦；烦扰I'm sorry to trouble you, but there is someone on the phone.抱歉打扰你，但有人要你听电话。trouble [sb] vtr (worry)使…忧虑；使…不安She was troubled by his spending habits.他的花钱习惯令她忧虑。trouble [sb] vtr (make waves in)使不安定；在...兴风作浪She troubled the usually calm committee with her new ideas.trouble [sb] vtr (afflict, cause pain)使遭受；使痛苦；折磨The athlete's Achilles tendon was troubling her.trouble yourself with [sth/sb] v expr (bother to attend to)自找…麻烦；给自己带来…麻烦Don't trouble yourself with the details, just read what's essential.trounce [sb] vtr (sport, competition: defeat) (体育运动、竞赛)完败, 彻底击败Without our star player, the other team completely trounced us.true (to [sb/sth]) adj (loyal) (对人或事)真诚的；忠诚的Yes, I trust him. He is a true friend.是的，我信任他，他是一位忠诚的朋友。trump [sth/sb] vtr (cards: take with a trump) (牌戏)出牌压过My eight trumped his jack.我的八压过他的杰克。trump [sb] vtr figurative (outdo)胜过；赢His performance trumped the singer who came before him.他的表现让之前那位歌手黯然失色。truss [sb/sth] vtr (tie up)捆；绑I learned how to truss a roast in my cooking class.truss [sth/sb] up, truss up [sth/sb] vtr + adv (tie up securely)缚紧，捆牢trust [sb] vtr (have confidence in)信任；信赖I trust my brother.我信任我的兄弟。trust [sb] to do [sth] v expr (rely on)依赖；依靠Dan trusts his girlfriend to help him.丹依赖于她的帮助。trust in [sb/sth] vi + prep (have faith in)相信；信任；依靠，倚靠"Trust in the Lord!" proclaimed the preacher.传道者说到：“当倚靠耶和华！”传道者说到：“当倚靠耶和华！”trust [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (entrust)委托；把…交托给I trust my life to you.我把自己的命交托给你了。try [sb] vtr (law: put on trial) (法律)审判, 审理He was being tried for murder.try [sb] vtr figurative (challenge)磨练；锻炼"Little things are sent to try us", as the saying goes.try [sb]'s patience, try the patience of [sb] v expr (become tiresome)考验某人的耐心；消磨某人的耐心tucker [sb] vtr US, slang (exhaust)使疲惫；使筋疲力尽tumble [sb] vtr dated, slang (have sex with)和…上床；turn [sb] vtr (upset)使心烦，使沮丧His words turned her, and she began to cry.turn [sb] vtr (influence)让...回心转意；让...改变观点Are you trying to turn me to your point of view?turn into [sth/sb] vi + prep (become)变成；变为She turned into a fine young woman.turn to [sb/sth] vi + prep (direct attention toward) (注意力)转移Let's turn to the agenda for next week's meeting.turn [sb] vtr slang (cause to change allegiance)使叛变, 使变节A foreign government turned one of our agents.turn a deaf ear to [sb/sth] v expr figurative (be unwilling to listen to)对...置之不理He needs to believe in himself and turn a deaf ear to his critics.turn against [sb] vi + prep figurative (become hostile to)与…敌对；敌视；转而反对The dog inexplicably turned against his owner and had to be put down.turn [sb] against [sb] vtr + prep (prejudice [sb] against [sb])让...敌视, 使...与...敌对；令...反对The family turned her against me.turn [sb] away vtr + adv (deny entry)把…拒之门外Turn them away at the gate.把他们关在门外。turn [sb/sth] loose vtr + adj (release, set free)释放；放出The dogs were making such a noise that I turned them loose in the paddock.turn [sb] off [sth/sb] v expr informal (cause to dislike)使某人对某物失去兴趣；使某人不再喜欢某物Getting drunk on whisky turned Ben off alcohol completely.喝威士忌喝醉，让本彻底对酒失去兴趣。turn out to be [sth/sb] v expr (be discovered to be)原来是；原是The man convicted of the crime turned out to be innocent.turn out to be [sth/sb] v expr (become)变成；成为Your son has turned out to be a hardworking young man; you must be proud of him.turn [sth/sb] over, turn over [sth/sb] vtr + adv (roll, flip over)把…翻过去；打翻；使…翻滚The chef turned the omelet over to gently brown the other side.那位厨师将煎蛋卷翻过来，将另一面煎至浅褐色。turn [sth/sb] over to [sb], turn over [sth/sb] to [sb] v expr (deliver, surrender [sth])把…交给…；把…移交给…She turned the money over to her boss.她把钱交给老板。turn the tables on [sb] vtr figurative (take revenge on)转而占…的上风I'd been badmouthing my colleague for months, in the hope of beating her to a promotion, but she turned the tables on me by telling the boss about all the paperwork I hadn't done.turn the tables on [sth/sb] vtr (reverse relative positions of)扭转…的局势turn to [sb] for help v expr (ask [sb] for assistance)向某人寻求帮助turn [sth/sb] to stone v expr (petrify, make into stone)使…石化The witch waved her wand and the fox turned to stone.turn your back on [sb/sth] vtr (abandon, reject)对…不屑一顾；背叛，抛弃；背叛；抛弃Shame on you for turning your back on your friends after such a small disagreement.tutor [sb] vtr (be a mentor to: a student)指导；为…提供指引Lecturers are expected to tutor students, in addition to their teaching and research duties.除了教学和研究工作外，教师还应当指导学生。tutor [sb] vtr (give private lessons to [sb])辅导…的功课，给…做家教，给…辅导功课When she was at university, Catherine made extra money by tutoring some schoolkids.上大学时，凯瑟琳通过给小学生辅导功课来赚外快。tutor [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (give private lessons in [sth]) (家庭教师)为（某人）提供（某方面的）私人辅导James tutors three teenagers in French.詹姆士为三名青少年提供法语私人辅导。twat [sb] vtr UK, vulgar, slang (hit, strike)打；袭击；给…一下狠的Jim twatted me round the head with the back of his hand.吉姆用手背狠狠地打了我的头一下。twist [sb]'s arm v expr figurative (force to do [sth])强迫...做某事twit [sb] vtr dated (criticize humorously)嘲笑；挖苦；讥讽The talk-show host twitted his guest mercilessly.two-time [sb] vtr (be unfaithful to [sb])对…不忠[sb]'s type n (person: attractive to [sb])…喜欢的类型，对…有吸引力的类型Sara's not my type; she's too serious.萨拉太过严肃认真，不是我喜欢的类型。typecast [sb] vtr (actor: give similar roles) (演员)选…反复扮演同一类角色The critics thought that the movie had typecast the actor, but he proved them wrong with his latest blockbuster.影评人认为那部电影让该演员定型了，但是他的最新卖座大片证明这些影评人都错了。typecast [sb] as [sth] vtr + conj (stereotype [sb]) (演员)选…反复扮演…角色The actress's appearance in several action movies early in her career has typecast her as a soldier.typical of [sth/sb] adj + prep (characteristic)…的特征；…的特色；…特有的That kind of bad behavior is typical of Ben.那种恶劣行径是本的一贯作风。tyrannize [sb], also UK: tyrannise [sb] vtr (oppress, rule)对…实施暴政；对…进行集权统治The authoritarian leader tyrannized the citizens of the country, restricting access to food and medicine.tyrannize over [sb], also UK: tyrannise over [sb] vi + prep (rule all-powerfully)对…进行集权统治；对…进行专制统治The way the ancient king tyrannized over his subjects is shocking to modern people.the umbrella of ([sth/sb]) n figurative (protection) (比喻)保护伞A number of singers work under the umbrella of this agency.好几名歌手都在这家中介的照应下工作。umpire for [sth/sb] vi + prep (tennis, etc.: act as referee)为…担任裁判Gus umpired for the Illinois High School Field Hockey Association.be unacquainted with [sb] v expr (not know [sb])和某人不熟；不熟悉某人unarm [sb] vtr (take arms from, disarm)解除…的武装unbalance [sb] vtr figurative (derange emotionally)使精神错乱The stress of working such long hours may have unbalanced the patient.unbeknown to [sb], unbeknownst adj + prep (without [sb]'s knowledge)不为人知；瞒着某人Unbeknown to his colleagues, Jake had decided to resign from his job.unbind [sth/sb] vtr (untie, unfasten)松开；解开The kidnapper unbound the rope tied around the hostage's hands.unblock [sb/sth] vtr (allow to contact again) (联系)解除阻止unbosom yourself to [sb] v expr literary (unburden yourself to [sb])向...吐露心事unbrace [sth/sb] vtr (remove support from)消除；放松unburden [sb/sth] vtr (relieve of [sth] heavy) (负担、负荷等)卸去，卸下We need to unburden the raft quickly before it sinks!unclothe [sb] vtr (undress)脱去...的衣服；剥去...的衣服undeceive [sb] vtr rare (disabuse of a mistaken idea) (罕见用法)使…明了真相；使…不再抱有错误想法under the aegis of [sth/sb], under the egis of [sth/sb] expr formal (guided or protected by) (正式用语)受…保护；在…庇护之下；受...支持的This child is now under the aegis of the court.under the auspices of [sb/sth] prep (being guided, protected by)在…支持之下；得到…的帮助或赞助under the authority of [sb/sth] expr (being guided by)经…批准，经…允许under the authority of [sb/sth] expr (within the control of)受…管辖；受...控制under the eyes of [sb] prep (observed)在…的眼皮底下；在…的监视之下Under the eyes of his tutor, James became the smartest kid in his school.under the leadership of [sb], under [sb]'s leadership expr (with [sb]'s management or guidance)在某人的领导下under [sb]'s nose, right under [sb]'s nose expr (in an obvious place)在你眼皮底下；当你的面underbid [sb] vtr (bid a lower amount than)出价低于；叫价比…低undercharge [sb] vtr (sell to for less than the price)低价卖出；低价售出；对…收取低价I bought a new sweater today, and I'm pretty sure they undercharged me by $10!undercut [sb] vtr (sell at a cheaper price than) (以低于竞争者的价码出售货物或提供服务)削价竞争, 廉价销售Large supermarkets can undercut small family-run shops.underestimate [sb] vtr (not think highly enough of) (人)低估，小看The boss underestimates Linda; she's capable of much more complicated jobs, if only he'd give them to her!老板低估了琳达，她有能力处理更复杂的工作，只是苦于老板不给她分派这样的工作罢了！underfeed [sb] vtr (malnourish)未给予…足够食物；让...营养不良undermine [sb] vtr figurative (weaken [sb]'s authority)暗中打击（别人）；暗中算计（他人）If I tell the kids they can't do something, please don't undermine me by letting them do it!如果我告诉孩子们不能做某事，请不要放任他们做那些事来暗中打击我！underpay [sb] vtr (give too low a wage to)支付给…过低的工资The trades union complains that factory owners underpay their workers.underrate [sth/sb] vtr (not esteem highly enough)低估；小看Many fans underrate Johnson as a player, but he has scored some important goals for the team.undersell [sb/sth] vtr (sell at a cheaper price than)贱卖；廉价出售The large supermarkets often undersell small local shops.understand [sb] to do [sth] v expr (infer)推断某人会做某事；推测某人做某事；猜想某人做某事When my husband says the food I've cooked is "interesting," I understand him to mean he doesn't like it.I understood John to be in Fiji, but I had it completely wrong; he was in Venezuela.understand [sb] vtr (comprehend [sb]'s meaning)明白...的意思Sorry, I don't understand you; could you speak more slowly.understand [sb] vtr (comprehend [sb]'s character, motivations)理解...的意图I don't understand you! How could you do something like that?understudy for [sb] vi (stand in for an actor)担任（某人的）预备演员As a young actor, Colin once understudied for Sir John Gielgud.undervalue [sth/sb] vtr (not appreciate enough)低估；小视The company undervalued Susan's work, so she found another job.underwhelm [sb] vtr informal (fail to impress)没能给...留下深刻印象The much-anticipated sequel ultimately seems to have underwhelmed most fans of the series.undo [sb/sth] vtr literary (lead to downfall)摧毁；毁灭；打垮The minister made one stupid mistake, but it undid him.undress [sb] vtr (remove clothes from)给…脱衣服；替…宽衣解带She was already asleep when I undressed her and put her to bed.unfamiliar (to [sb]) adj (not recognized)不熟悉的；陌生的The band started playing a tune that was unfamiliar to me.unfetter [sth/sb] vtr (unchain, set free)解放；释放unfriend [sb] vtr (unfollow on social media) (社交媒体)解除好友关系；取关unfrock [sb] vtr (Christianity: priest, etc.)解除…的圣职unhand [sb] vtr archaic (let go of) (古语)放开unhinge [sb] vtr figurative (derange)使思想混乱, 使精神失常, 使精神错乱The stress of this new job is beginning to unhinge me a bit.unhorse [sb] vtr (dislodge from horseback)使摔下马背unhorse [sb] vtr figurative (remove from a position of authority)推翻, 赶...下台； (比喻失势)让...落马unite with [sb/sth] vi + prep (join forces with)与…联合起来；和…团结起来The Anglican church invited the Methodist church to unite with them for Sunday worship.unite against [sth/sb] vi + prep (join forces to oppose)联合对抗；联合反抗All people should unite against the injustices of their government.unite [sb] in marriage, unite [sb] and [sb] in marriage vtr usually passive (join in marriage)将…结为夫妻The vicar united the couple in marriage.unkind to [sb/sth] adj + prep (not nice to)对…不好I hate seeing people being unkind to their pets.unloose [sb], unloose [sth], unloosen vtr (untie)解开, 松开unloose [sb], unloose [sth], unloosen vtr figurative (set free)释放, 放走unman [sb] vtr (emasculate)阉割unman [sb] vtr (cause to lose courage)使胆怯；使丧失勇气unmask [sb] vtr (remove mask from)除去...的面具；unmask [sb] vtr figurative (identity: reveal)亮出…的真实身份unmask [sb] vtr figurative (character: reveal)露出…的本来面目unmute [sb] vtr (video call: take off silent mode)解除静音；取消静音unmuzzle [sth/sb] vtr (remove muzzle)取下…的嘴套unnerve [sb] vtr (disturb or frighten)使气馁, 使丧失信心或勇气；使焦躁, 使慌乱The sound of exploding fireworks unnerved the dog.be unpopular with [sb] adj (out of favour with [sb])不受...喜欢的；不得...欢心的Would you ask him for me? I'm a little unpopular with him just now.unrelated to [sb] adj + prep (person: not family) (人)没有亲戚关系的, 非亲非故的People unrelated to patients may not visit in the morning.unseat [sb] vtr figurative (remove from office)开除；革除The Labour Party members unseated Wilson from his position as leader.unseat [sb] vtr (horse, cycle: throw [sb] off)把...摔下来unsettle [sb/sth] vtr (trouble, make uneasy)扰乱；使不安The recent series of burglaries in the neighbourhood has unsettled many local residents.unsex [sb] vtr literary (make unlike one's sex)去除性别特征unshackle [sth/sb] vtr (free, remove restraints from)释放；使…自由；解放unstrap [sb] vtr (unfasten restraints on)解开；除去…的束缚unstring [sb] vtr (person: unnerve, upset)使…烦恼，使…不安unsubscribe [sb] vtr (remove from a list, etc.)把某人从名单上移除I called the newspaper asking them to unsubscribe me, and they offered me a discount!unsubscribe [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep (remove [sb] from a list, etc.)把某人从…上移除I haven't received any more letters since I called and asked them to unsubscribe me from their mailing list.unsupportive of [sb/sth] adj + prep (not in agreement with)不同意，不赞成Tim was disappointed that his boss was unsupportive of his ideas to improve efficiency.untether [sb/sth] vtr figurative (free from constraint)将...解开untie [sth/sb] vtr (person, animal: set free)放开；使自由Someone untied the horses and they wandered off.untrue to [sb] adj + prep poetic (unfaithful to partner)对...不忠诚的Warren claimed that he'd never been untrue to his wife.unworthy of [sth/sb] adj + prep (not deserving [sth])配不上；不应得Adriana felt unworthy of the award.be up to [sb] adv + prep (be [sb]'s choice)取决于某人；在于某人； (指做决定、选择等)看某人的I don't care where we eat – it's up to you.我随便去哪里吃饭都可以——看你怎么选吧。be up to [sb] to do [sth] adv + prep (be [sb]'s responsibility)由…来…；由…负责…It's up to you to decide where we go tonight.由你决定今晚我们去哪里。up to par with [sth/sb] expr (at the same level as)与...标准一致；合乎...的标准upbraid [sb] vtr formal, often passive (reprimand)申斥；斥责；训斥The soldier was upbraided when he didn't follow orders.upbraid [sb] for [sth] vtr + prep formal (reprimand for)为某事训斥某人The headteacher upbraided the pupils for their rudeness.upbraid [sb] for doing [sth] v expr formal (reprimand for doing)为做了某事训斥某人The teacher upbraided Ginny for failing to learn her times tables.update [sb] vtr (give [sb] newest information)为…提供最新消息，告诉…最新进展We'll update you when your order is ready.Let's go for a drink at the weekend and I'll update you on all the latest news.我们会在您订单准备好的时候，为您提供最新消息。// 我们周末去喝一场吧，届时我会告诉你所有最新进展。upgrade [sb] vtr (promote to next level)升…的职；晋升；提拔The board decided to upgrade Elizabeth to manager.董事会决定提拔伊丽莎白，让她做经理。upgrade [sb] to [sth] vtr (better seat, hotel, etc.) (入住的酒店房型，机舱座位级别等)为某人升级成； (机舱座位升级)为某人升舱至The airline company upgraded Dan to business class.航空公司为丹升舱至商务舱。uphold [sth/sb] vtr (physically hold up) (向上抬)举起, 托起Oak beams uphold the ceiling and floor above.uplift [sb] vtr figurative (inspire, cheer) (情感)打气, 鼓舞The sermons are intended to uplift the congregation.uproot [sb] vtr figurative (persons: displace) (人)使迁离, 使离开家园The civil war uprooted thousands of people from their homes.upset [sb] vtr (disturb emotionally)使...心烦意乱；使...不安She upset him with her actions.她的行为让他心烦。upset [sb] vtr (disturb the health of)使...不适；使...不舒服I think that pizza upset my stomach.我想是那块比萨弄得我胃不舒服。upset [sb] vtr (defeat unexpectedly) (体育运动)意外击败, 意外打败The team from the small town upset the favourites, 2-1.这个来自小镇的球队出人意料地以 2-1击败了热门球队。upskill [sb] vtr (train)训练；培训upskirt [sb] vtr (take photo up clothing)偷拍...的裙底照片upstage [sb/sth] vtr (outdo, be more impressive than)盖过…的风头；抢…镜头；比…更吸引人The young actor upstages many of the more well-known stars in the film.upvote [sth/sb] vtr (click in approval)赞同；点赞urge [sb], urge [sb] to do [sth] vtr (encourage) (具积极性的)催促某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事；鼓励某人做某事；激励某人做某事Helen's teacher urged her to apply for a university place.海伦的老师催促她赶紧申请大学。urge [sth] upon [sb] vtr + prep (impress importance of)向…强调…The preacher urged the importance of helping the poor upon his congregation.牧师向教众强调帮助穷苦之人的重要性。use [sth/sb] as [sth] vtr + conj (put to a certain purpose)把…用作…，用…作为…The adder uses its tail as a lure.蝰蛇把它的尾巴用作诱饵。use [sb] vtr (exploit [sb]) (指对人的利用)利用She used him for what she wanted, and left him.usher [sb] vtr (walk [sb] to position) (引领宾客到座位上)引领, 领座The assistant ushered the visitor to the boss's office.usher [sb] in, usher in [sb] vtr + adv (escort inside)把…领入, 引入Brian's daughter preceded him as he ushered her in for her wedding.the usual, [sb]'s usual n (same drink as always)和平时一样的饮品；常点的饮品Dan asked the barkeeper for his usual.丹向酒店老板要了平时常点的酒。vaccinate [sb/sth] vtr (inoculate)给…注射疫苗；给…接种疫苗It is important to vaccinate the elderly because they are more vulnerable to the flu.vaccinate [sb/sth] against [sth] vtr + prep (inoculate against disease)给…接种疫苗；打疫苗Parents need to vaccinate their children against the measles.value [sb/sth] vtr (consider the importance of)重视；珍视Our company values its people.我们公司重视员工。van [sth/sb] vtr (move by van)用小货车搬运；运送The delivery company vanned the goods to the customer.vanquish [sb/sth] vtr literary (defeat)击败；战胜；征服The army vanquished the enemy.vault [sb/sth] vtr figurative (cause to achieve [sth])使…实现；使…获得His first movie vaulted him to fame.veil [sth/sb] vtr (cover with veil)以面纱遮掩，用面纱遮住The bride veiled her face.新娘用面纱遮住脸。venerate [sb/sth] vtr (revere, consider sacred) (对神)崇拜The Ancient Romans venerated the god of wine, Bacchus.venerate [sb] vtr (hold in high esteem)崇敬；敬仰Everyone loved and venerated the old man.ventilate [sb] vtr (put on an artificial respirator)给…装上呼吸机；给…供氧The doctor decided to ventilate the patient.ventilate [sb/sth] vtr UK, slang, dated (shoot) (过时俚语)射杀vest [sth] in [sb] vtr + prep usually passive (endow [sb] with authority) (以权威)赋予某人某物；将某物赐予某人The US Constitution vests power in the President to command the armed forces.vest [sb] with [sth] vtr + prep usually passive (endow [sb] with authority)赋予某人；授予某人The judge is vested with the authority to decide on the punishment that a guilty party should receive.vested in [sb/sth] adj + prep (power: invested, placed in) (权力等)被赋予给…，被授予给…，归于…Power to make such decisions is vested solely in the budget committee.只有预算委员会有权做出此类决定。vet [sb/sth] vtr (review and approve)调查；检查Government offices have to vet all new recruits carefully.vex [sb] vtr (annoy)使…生气；使…恼怒The child's constant complaints were beginning to vex Elizabeth.victimize [sb], also UK: victimise [sb] vtr (persecute, target as victim)使受害；迫害Identity theft victimizes people of all ages and income levels.vie with [sb] vi + prep (compete with [sb])与某人激烈竞争States vie with each other to attract various industries.vie with [sb] for [sth] v expr (compete)竞争Hundreds of candidates are vying for 30 seats in the assembly.vilify [sb] vtr (say bad things about)诽谤；中伤The media vilified the minister for being slow to deal with the crisis.vindicate [sb] vtr (clear from accusation) (嫌疑、指控等)澄清；证明…无辜The new evidence vindicated Richardson from the charge of murder.violate [sb] vtr formal or dated (sexually: rape) (正式或过时用语)奸污；污辱；强奸Women in the village reported that soldiers had violated them.visit [sb] vtr (go to see [sb])拜访, 看望, 访问, 在…作客My parents are coming to visit us.我父母会来看我们。visit [sb] vtr literary (afflict) (疾病)侵袭, 染上He was visited by a mysterious illness.visit with [sb] v expr (spend time with [sb])拜访；看望vituperate [sb] vtr (rebuke, criticize)辱骂；责骂；批评vote [sb] vtr (vote in: elect)投票选出They voted a woman into the presidency.vote against [sb/sth] vi + prep (register one's opposition to)投票反对I'm so angry at that politician that I will definitely vote against her at the next election.vote for [sth/sb] vi + prep (register one's approval of, elect)投票支持Who will you vote for in the upcoming election?vote [sb] out, vote out [sb] vtr + adv (remove from office by vote)选举中击败；使…出局vote [sb] out, vote out [sb], vote [sb] off, vote off [sb] vtr + adv (TV show, etc.: remove by vote) (电视节目等)让…出局；投票淘汰vouch for [sb] vi + prep (give support)担保；保证Harry vouched for Dan by lending him some money when he had a lot of debts.vouchsafe [sb] [sth] vtr formal (bestow, give [sth])给予某人某物；赐予某人某物；赋予某人某物'You may speak two thousand words, fair woman,' Falstaff said, 'and I will vouchsafe you the hearing.' - William Shakespearevouchsafe [sb] to do [sth] v expr formal (deign to allow [sth])恩准某人做某事；准许某人做某事If you would vouchsafe me to speak, I am sure I can explain all of this to your satisfaction.如果您准许我说话，我一定能给您一个满意的解释。wage [sb] vtr dated, rare (pay wages to)向…支付薪水，支付…工资wage war on [sb/sth] v expr (launch an attack)向...发动战争；向...宣战wait for [sb/sth] vi + prep (await)等待；等I'm waiting for someone special.我正在等一个特别的人。wait for [sb/sth] to do [sth] vi + prep (await [sth])等待…做…，等…做…We are going to wait for the office to open.我们要去等办公室开门。wait [sth] for [sb] vtr + prep US, informal (postpone, delay)为…推迟（开饭）Please wait lunch for me; I'll be there in a moment.请为我推迟午饭时间，我很快就到。wait on [sb/sth] vi + prep (await)等；等待Rachel was waiting on her brother's arrival.蕾切尔正在等她哥哥来。wake [sb] vtr (wake up, rouse)唤醒，叫醒，使…醒来，弄醒；使觉悟，引起，激发，使振作Will you wake me before you go to work?你上班之前叫醒我，好吗？ⓘ这句话不是该英语句子的翻译。 这场争论又激起了他们之间的旧怨。wake [sb] vtr (raise from the dead)使起死回生；使复活Jesus called out to the dead Lazarus and woke him.耶稣叫拉扎鲁斯，复活了他。wake [sb] up to v expr figurative (make aware of)使…意识到He woke her up to the joys of yoga.他让她发现了瑜伽的乐趣。waken [sb] vtr formal (cause to become awake)使醒来；使觉醒；使醒悟George wakened his brothers.walk [sb] vtr (help [sb] to walk)帮助某人行走The Boy Scout walked the elderly man across the street.童子军扶老人过了马路。walk [sb] vtr (accompany on foot)和…一起步行；陪…散步I'm going to walk my mother to the shop.我要陪我妈一起去商店。walk [sb] vtr (baseball: send to first base on balls) (棒球)保送The pitcher walked three batters in a row.投球手一连保送了三个击球。walk [sb] down the aisle v expr (lead bride to altar)领着新娘走向舞台On her wedding day, Joanna's father walked her down the aisle.walk out on [sb] v expr figurative (abandon, leave)抛弃某人；遗弃某人；离开某人Her boyfriend walked out on her when he discovered she was pregnant by another man.Julie walked out on her husband when things got tough.她的男朋友发现她怀孕的时候，他就抛弃了她。//当生活变得艰难时，朱莉便离她的丈夫而去。walk out with [sb] v expr UK, dated (date)和…谈恋爱The actress was reported to be walking out with a millionaire businessman.walk past [sth/sb] vi + prep (go by on foot)路过；经过walk [sb] through [sth] vtr + prep figurative (guide [sb])指导某人做某事；向某人示范某事This video will walk you through the process of creating an animated gif.walk up to [sb/sth] v expr (approach on foot)向…走去He walked up to me and told me how much he enjoyed my presentation.wallop [sb/sth] vtr informal (beat, thump)猛击；重击The batsman walloped the ball with all his strength.wank [sb] vtr UK, vulgar, slang (masturbate [sb])帮...手淫My girlfriend was wanking me when the building's fire alarm went off and we had to go outside.want [sb] to do [sth] v expr (would like [sb] to do)希望某人做某事I want you to tidy your room.我希望你整理整理自己的房间。want [sb] vtr (desire sexually) (性欲上)想要I want you so badly; when can we be alone?我太想要你了，我们什么时候才能独处啊？want [sb] vtr usually passive (police: be seeking)通缉Linda's friends were surprised when they found out she was wanted by the police.琳达的朋友们在发现她被警方通缉时十分惊讶。warm [sth/sb] vtr (make warm)使暖和；使温暖I'll warm some leftovers for lunch.我会热一些剩菜剩饭来做午饭。warm [sb] vtr figurative (fill with affection)使感到温暖Her sunny smile warms me each morning.warm to [sb] vi + prep figurative (person: grow fonder) (对人)开始喜欢，对…变得热情He was cold at first, but he soon warmed to the guests.warn [sb] [sth], warn [sb] that [sth] vtr (advise)提醒某人某事；告诫某人某事He warned me that the train might be late.他告诫我说火车可能会晚点。warn [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep (caution)告诫某人不要做某事；警告某人不要做某事He warned his son against that kind of behaviour.他警告自己的儿子不能那样做。warn [sb] vtr (admonish)警告；严正警告I'm warning you! If you do it one more time, I'll send you to bed.warn [sb] to do [sth] v expr (advise to)提醒某人做某事；建议某人做某事Patrick's parents warned him to be careful on his round the world trip. The doctor warned Jane not to overdo things before she was completely recovered.帕特里克的父母提醒他环球之旅的途中要小心。医生提醒简，完全康复之前不要过度劳累。warn [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep (advise of the dangers of: [sth])告诫某人提防某事I warned him against getting too drunk, but he wouldn't listen.wary of [sth/sb] adj + prep (not trusting [sb/sth])对…警觉的；对…提防的；小心…的Janice has taught her children to be wary of strangers.简妮丝教自己的孩子要提防陌生人。wash [sth] off [sth/sb] vtr + prep (remove with water)洗去；洗掉Mark washed the chocolate off his daughter's face.wassail [sb] vtr archaic (toast, salute)祝酒, 敬酒waste [sb/sth] vtr always passive (fail to be appreciated) (表示未得到赏识)白费She is wasted on him as he does not appreciate her fine qualities.waste [sb] vtr US, slang, figurative (kill)杀死, 除掉The gangster bragged that he had wasted the rival gang member.watch [sth/sb] vtr (observe)看...He watched the fight in the park.他在公园里看人打架了。watch [sth/sb] vtr (keep under observation)照顾；照看The nurses are watching the children.护士正在照看孩子。watch [sth/sb] vtr (keep under guard)看守；监守The guards have to watch the inmates.watch [sth/sb] vtr (contemplate)注视；凝视Janet is sitting in the park, watching the clouds.watch [sth/sb] vtr (oversee)监视；监管；监督The supervisor is watching our progress.waterboard [sb] vtr (torture with water) (水刑)让...坐水凳wave at [sb], wave to [sb] vtr + prep (gesture in greeting)向…挥手示意；向…挥手致意Brent waved at his sons as he approached the house.当布伦特要走到家门时，他向儿子挥们手示意。wave [sb] on, wave on [sb] vtr + adv (signal to move forward)挥手示意…前进，挥手示意…向前移动waylay [sb] vtr figurative (sidetrack, divert) (为了说话、打劫等)在途中拦住A neighbour had waylaid Lynn as she was leaving the house.weaken [sb] vtr (make [sb] weak) (人，生理上的)使…变得孱弱，使…变得衰弱； (人，思想上的)使…软弱，使…动摇The long illness weakened Stuart.长期生病让斯图尔特日渐衰弱。wean [sb] vtr UK (feed solids to a baby) (婴儿)喂...固体食物The mother has recently weaned the baby.wean [sb] off [sth] vtr + prep UK (stop feeding milk to a baby)使…断奶I gradually weaned the baby off breast milk.wean [sb] onto [sth] vtr + prep UK (feed a baby solids)断奶后给…喂固体食物It's usual to wean a baby onto solid food at about 6 months.wean [sb] vtr US (stop breastfeeding a baby) (婴儿)给...断奶The mother has been trying to wean her baby for weeks.wean [sb] vtr figurative (child: raise, bring up)抚养, 抚育wean [sb] off [sth] vtr + prep figurative, informal (break [sb]'s addiction) (恶习、不良习惯等)戒除Sarah weaned her husband off drugs and guided him towards a healthy diet.wean [sb] on [sth] vtr + prep figurative (accustom to [sth])使某人习惯于I was weaned on classic music and literature as a child.weary of [sth/sb] vi + prep (tire)厌倦I'm starting to weary of crime dramas. The TV schedules are full of them!我开始厌倦犯罪剧了。毕竟电视节目表全是它们。weary [sb] vtr (tire)使…疲倦不堪；使…疲惫The housework wearied Jane; she wished she could afford to hire a cleaner.wed [sb] vtr formal or dialect (get married to) (女嫁人)嫁, 嫁给； (男娶妻)娶, 迎娶Steve wed his childhood sweetheart.wed [sb] vtr formal or dialect (officiate at marriage of)为…举行婚礼；使…正式结婚The registrar wed the young couple.wedge [sth/sb] in, wedge in [sth/sb] vtr + adv (insert into tightly fitting space)插入；挤入；塞入There wasn't much space left in the boot, but Pippa managed to wedge the last bag in.weed [sth/sb] vtr figurative (eliminate)清除；除去；淘汰We need to weed all the poor performers from the company.我们需要开掉所有表现不佳的公司员工。weep for [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (mourn, grieve for)哀悼；悼念The nation wept for the terrorism casualties.weep for [sb/sth] vi + prep (shed tears for)为…哭泣；为…流泪Bill's family and friends went on weeping for him long after his funeral.weep over [sth/sb] vi + prep (shed tears about)因...哭泣；因...而哭Rose is such a sensitive child; she'll weep over any little thing.weigh [sth/sb] vtr (measure weight of)称重；称量Adam weighed the flour for the bread.亚当称了称做面包用的面粉重量。weigh on [sb/sth], weigh heavy on [sb/sth] vi + prep figurative (be heavy: on one's mind) (心理、精神)重压在，使…苦恼The problems at work weighed on Jessica's mind.weigh on [sb]'s conscience v expr (cause feelings of guilt)让...良心不安weigh [sth/sb] up against [sth/sb] v expr (compare, contrast)对比…和...Lucy weighed up the job she had been offered in New York against the one in Paris.露西将她在纽约得到的工作和在巴黎得到的工作做对比。weight [sb] with [sth] vtr (burden)给...施加...的压力；使…有...的负担Please don't weight me with all your problems.welcome to [sth/sb] adj + prep (may have [sth/sb])尽管用…，尽管拿走…I've only got a cheese sandwich, but you're welcome to it.You've been having an affair with my husband? You're welcome to him.我只有一个奶酪三明治，不过请尽管拿去吃。welcome [sb] vtr (greet gladly)欢迎We welcomed her to the party.我们欢迎她来参加聚会。well disposed, well disposed towards [sb/sth], well-disposed towards [sb/sth] adj (feeling favourable, sympathetic)对...有好感的，对...友好的备注: A hyphen is used when the adjective precedes the nounbe well in with [sb] v expr UK, informal (have a good relationship with [sb])与...关系好westernize [sth/sb], also UK: westernise [sth/sb] vtr (impose Western culture)欧化；西化The band embrace Japanese culture in their sound rather than trying to westernize it.这个乐队在自己的音乐中拥抱了日本文化，而不试图去西化它。whack [sth], whack [sb] vtr (hit)猛敲；重击The carpenter whacked the nail with the hammer.木匠用锤子重重地敲击钉子。whale [sb] vtr US, informal (beat, thrash)击打..., 猛击...what's up with [sth/sb] expr slang (what is happening to)出了什么事？I don't know what's up with Jane. This is the first time she hasn't been on time.wheedle [sb] vtr (flatter, coax)哄骗；甜言蜜语地欺骗Jack wheedled his sister until she agreed to go shopping with him.wheedle [sth] out of [sb] v expr (obtain by coaxing)从…那里骗取Denise eventually wheedled the truth out of Eric.whelm [sb/sth] vtr rare (engulf, overcome) (罕见用法)吞没，席卷，吞噬，压倒，压垮where [sb] is coming from expr figurative, informal (know, grasp: [sb]'s perspective, reasoning)某人的看法；某人的理由whet [sb]'s appetite, whet [sb]'s appetite for [sth] v expr figurative (make [sb] eager for [sth])吊起了某人的胃口；勾起了某人的兴致The city tour whetted our appetite for bigger adventures.whine about [sth/sb] vi + prep (complain about)因…嘀咕；就…发牢骚The children were whining about how hungry they were.孩子们嘀咕着自己有多饿。whip [sb/sth] vtr (beat, flog a person, animal)鞭打；鞭笞The cart driver whipped the horse to make it go faster.The slave owner whipped the slave for disobedience.马车车夫鞭打那匹马，想让马走快点。那位奴隶因为不听话受到了奴隶主的鞭笞。whip [sb] vtr informal, figurative (defeat [sb]: at sport, etc.) (体育运动)击败, 大败The other team really whipped us today!whip [sth] away from [sb] v expr (confiscate quickly)突然从...手里拿走...；突然从...手里没收...The teacher whipped the mobile phone away from the student and locked it in her desk.whip [sb] in, whip [sb] up vtr + adv (party members: summon)召集；召唤whip [sb] up into a frenzy v expr informal, figurative (enrage, overexcite)激起...至疯狂whip [sb] up into a frenzy of [sth] v expr informal, figurative (enrage, overexcite)激起...至疯狂The politician's speech whipped the crowd up into a frenzy of excitement.whirl [sth/sb] around vtr + adv (move in a circle)使…绕着…打转The knight whirled his sword around his head.whisk [sth/sb] vtr (move or transport quickly)快速运送；迅速将…带到A car whisked the politician to the embassy.whisper to [sb] vi + prep (talk softly to [sb])对某人低语；向某人窃窃私语The student leaned across the desk to whisper to her friend.那名学生斜倚在桌上跟她朋友窃窃私语。whisper [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (say softly to [sb])向某人低声说；把某事悄悄告诉某人The little boy whispered his secret to his mother.小男孩小声地告诉了妈妈自己的秘密。whisper, whisper to [sb] that vtr + prep (with clause: say softly to [sb])悄悄告诉某人；低声告诉某人Ellen whispered to Lucy that she was leaving.艾伦悄悄告诉露西她要离开了。whitewash [sb] vtr figurative (sports: defeat [sb] who fails to score) (体育比赛)横扫；全胜The home team whitewashed the visiting team 16-0.whop [sb] vtr US, informal (hit, strike) (非正式用语)痛打, 击打, 殴打, 重击whup [sb] vtr US, informal (beat)击打；猛抽whup [sb] vtr US, informal (defeat thoroughly)大胜；彻底击败be wild about [sb] adj + prep (love [sb] passionately)热爱；疯狂恋慕Lucas is wild about Carla and even proposed to her.卢卡斯疯狂恋慕着卡菈，甚至还向她求婚了。will [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (bequeath)将…遗赠给She didn't will anything to her family, and left her estate to charity.will [sb/sth] to do [sth] v expr (try to influence with thoughts)希望促成...做某事；希望...做某事；决意让...做某事He willed the plant to survive, but it withered in the drought.wimple [sb/sth] vtr (enfold, cover)围住...；盖住...win [sb] over to [sth] v expr informal (persuade of [sth]'s merits)战胜；把…争取过来；赢得…的支持Little by little we'll win you over to our political cause.逐步的，我们总会赢得你对我们政治动因的支持。win [sb]'s heart v expr figurative (endear yourself)赢得某人的心Our new neighbor's son won my heart when he raked up the leaves for us.win the affection of [sb], win [sb]'s affection v expr (seduce, make [sb] love you)赢得...的喜爱winch [sth/sb] vtr (move with a winch)用绞车吊拉；用卷扬机移动A helicopter winched the crew from the sinking boat.wind [sb] vtr usu passive (leave breathless)使…气喘吁吁；使…上气不接下气After so much running, the basketball player was winded and gasping for air.wind up in [sb]'s pocket, wind up in the pocket of [sb] v expr US, figurative, informal (be controlled) (比喻)落入…的口袋之中wine and dine [sb] v expr (treat to dinner and drinks)用美酒佳肴款待某人；拿好酒好菜招待某人He wined and dined her in an attempt to win her business.The Institute always wines and dines its visiting lecturers.wing [sth/sb] vtr (injure in arm or wing)打伤…的翅膀（或手臂）The bullet winged the bird, but didn't kill it.wink at [sb] vi + prep (blink one eye at)对某人眨眼示意；向某人使眼色When the handsome young man smiled and winked at her, Lucy began to blush.那位年轻帅哥微笑着向露茜眨了眨眼，露茜脸红了。winkle [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep UK (information: coerce from [sb]) (信息)挖出, 揭开The teacher tried to winkle the name of the offender from her students.winnow [sth/sb] out, winnow out [sth/sb] vtr + adv (exclude what is undesirable)筛选；遴选The selection process winnowed out those who were not up to the job.winnow [sth/sb] out, winnow out [sth/sb] vtr + adv (find what is desirable)选拔By sifting through the facts, the detective finally succeeded in winnowing out the truth.wipe the floor with [sb], mop the floor with [sb] v expr figurative, informal (easily defeat)轻松击败；轻松打败wish [sth], wish [sb] [sth] vtr (say, bid)祝愿He wished them all goodnight and went to bed.wish [sth] on [sb/sth], wish [sth] upon [sb/sth] vtr + prep (want [sb] else to have)希望…发生在…身上备注: Often used in negative sentences.Gout is very unpleasant; I wouldn't wish it on anyone.痛风很难受，我不希望它发生在任何人身上。wish [sb] [sth] vtr (hope [sth] for [sb])祝愿某人, 祝某人The teacher wished all her students good luck for their exam.I wish you well.老师祝愿她的学生们考试好运，金榜题名。// 我祝你一切安好。with an eye to [sth/sb] expr (in the hope of)为了；目的在于；着眼于She dressed in her best clothes with an eye to making him notice her.with compliments, with [sb]'s compliments, with the compliments of [sb] adv (free of charge, as a goodwill gesture)作为...谨赠；不吝赞扬with the aid of [sb/sth] prep (helped by [sb], [sth])在...的帮助下；在...的支持下with the help of [sth/sb] prep (assisted by)在…的帮助之下With the help of a wheelchair, I can get around just fine.wither [sb] vtr (humiliate, abash)使…羞愧不安；使…感到难堪Tom knew he had made a stupid comment when the professor, instead of answering, merely withered him with a look.woe betide [sb] expr figurative (bad things will happen to)某人会倒霉的，某人会大祸临头Woe betide you if you're late to work tomorrow.Woe betide Karen if she forgets my birthday again.wonder at [sth/sb] vi + prep (be amazed at)惊叹；感到惊奇He could not believe what he saw. He just wondered at it.他简直不能相信自己的亲眼所见，对其感到十分惊奇。woo [sb] vtr (court: a woman)向…求爱，追求George wooed his sweetheart with flowers and gifts.乔治用鲜花和礼物来向心爱的女子求爱。woo [sb] vtr figurative (attract: to new job) (以优厚工作条件来)招揽I heard the Smith corporation is trying to woo the CEO of Jones & Co.我听说史密斯公司正试图用优厚条件将琼斯公司的首席执行官招揽过来。work [sb] vtr (keep at work)使…工作；使…干活；让…加班The boss worked them until late into the night.work [sb] vtr (persuade)说服；劝服The minister worked the congregation into an exultant state.work for [sb] vi + prep informal (be OK with [sb])…对某人来说可以，…对某人而言可行I could meet you at 2 pm on Wednesday; does that work for you?我能够在周三下午2点见你，这个时间对你来说可行吗？work against [sb/sth] v expr (be detrimental to)对…不利work for [sb/sth] vi + prep (be employed by)为…工作；为…效力I work for the government.我为政府工作。work for [sb] vi + prep (do tasks or jobs for [sb])为…工作；受雇于Tom works for Mrs Pritchard, doing gardening and repair jobs.汤姆为普里查德夫人工作，从事园艺和修理工作。work for [sb] vi + prep informal (be suitable, convenient for [sb])对…来说方便I could meet with you at my office next Tuesday; does that work for you?下周二我可以在我的办公室与你见面，你方便吗？work with [sb] vi + prep (be a colleague of)与 ... 共事I have worked with Debbie for eight years now.work with [sth/sb] vi + prep (be an employee of)为...效力；任职于I work with the sales team.work with [sb] vi + prep (cooperate with)与...合作；与...协作Please work with your neighbors to lower crime in the neighborhood.get [sb] worked up, have [sb] worked up v expr informal (make overexcited, nervous) (非正式用语)让某人过分激动；让某人非常紧张The fast-approaching deadline had Veronica worked up.即将到来的截止日期让维罗妮卡非常紧张。worm [sth] out of [sb] v expr figurative (obtain sneakily)探得；窃取Peter was determined not to reveal his secret, but Emily eventually wormed it out of him.彼得本来决心保守秘密，但最终还是被艾米丽套出了话来。be worried about [sth/sb] v expr (be anxious about)对...感到焦虑；担心；为...而烦恼I was worried about my exam results, but I did well.我本来还担心自己的考试成绩，但我考得不错。worry about [sth/sb] vi + prep (be concerned or anxious about)担心；操心We're worried about your performance.I am worrying about increased unemployment in the country.我们很担心你的表现。 // 我国走高的失业率，让我担心不已。worry [sb] vtr (trouble, bother)使发愁, 使忧虑, 使担心I don't want to worry you, but he is failing the class.我不想让你担心，但他这门课却未及格。worry [sb], worry [sb] with [sth] vtr UK (harass)烦扰；骚扰I have told him to leave me alone, but he is still worrying me with phone calls.worse than [sth/sb] adv + prep (not as well as)比…差，比…还糟You can't possibly sing worse than me.你不可能唱得比我还差。worse than [sth/sb] adj + prep (more onerous in comparison)比…更艰巨，比…更繁重This project is worse than the last one.这个项目比之前那个更繁重。worse than [sth/sb] adj + prep (more unskillful in comparison)比…技术差，比…生涩That player is worse than me.那个玩家的技术比我差。worship [sb] vtr (God, saints)敬奉；信奉；崇拜Let us worship God.让我们敬奉神。worship [sb] vtr (think highly of)崇拜；敬重She worships her grandmother.worst [sb] vtr (defeat)击败, 战胜The English army worsted their enemy in a fierce battle.worthy of [sth/sb] adj + prep (deserving of, good enough to merit)值得的；应得的The parents insisted on meeting their daughter's new boyfriend, to see if he was worthy of her.The teacher is hardworking and worthy of her students' respect.wound [sb] vtr (injure, hurt)打伤；损伤；伤着；导致...受伤The bomb blast wounded a lot of people.爆炸导致许多人受伤。wound [sb] vtr figurative (hurt emotionally) (感情)伤害，使…受伤Mark's unkind words wounded Paul.马克不友好的言辞伤害了保罗。wow [sb], wow [sb] with [sth] vtr slang (amaze)赢得…的喝彩Dan wowed his colleagues with his presentation.丹的演示赢得了同事的喝彩。wrap [sb] in [sth] vtr + prep (envelop, clothe in [sth])用…包裹某人Emily wrapped her baby in a towel and put talc on his feet.艾米丽用毛巾裹着宝宝，在他的脚上抹上爽身粉。wrap [sb] around your finger, wrap [sb] around your little finger v expr figurative (be able to control [sb])轻易摆布他人wrap [sb] up in cotton wool, wrap [sb] in cotton wool v expr UK, figurative (be overprotective toward [sb])过度保护；娇惯wreak [sth] on [sb/sth] vtr literary, used in expressions (inflict) (伤害)造成The hurricane wreaked destruction on several coastal towns.wreath [sth/sb] in [sth] vtr + prep figurative, often passive (envelop in [sth])用…缭绕着；用…包围着；用…笼罩着Smog wreathed the city in a choking, yellow haze.呛人的黄色烟雾笼罩着城市。wrest [sth] from [sb/sth] vtr (pull away by force)强行取去；抢走The police officer managed to wrest the pistol from the gunman's hand.wrest [sth/sb] vtr (obtain by force)强行夺取；强夺；抢夺King Henry VIII seized his chance to wrest power away from Rome.wrestle [sb] vtr figurative (force: into submission)将…摔倒并使其不能动弹Police wrestled the man to the ground.警察将那个男人摔倒在地并扣住不让他动弹。wring [sb]'s heart v expr (make sad)令人心痛；让人伤心Seeing the victims of the disaster on TV wrung the hearts of many people.write [sth] to [sb] vtr + prep (communicate in writing)给某人写某物I'm going to write a letter to my friend.我要给朋友写封信。write to [sb] vi + prep (send [sb] a letter, email)给…写信，给…发邮件I wrote to my MP to ask her to back my campaign.我给我的议员写信，请她支持我竞选。write [sb] vtr US (send [sb] a letter, email)给…写信, 给…发邮件Will you write me while you're in Spain?你去西班牙后会给我写信吗？write back to [sb], write [sb] back v expr US (send a written reply to [sb]) (指以书面方式)给...回复，给...回函write [sb] off as [sth], write off [sb] as [sth] v expr figurative, informal (consider a failure)把…看作Alison's teachers had written her off as a failure.艾莉森的老师将她视作是失败者。wrong [sb] vtr (harm, do wrong to)伤害；对…做坏事；亏待The thief sought forgiveness from the people he had wronged.wrong-foot [sb] vtr (make [sb] lose balance) (比赛)打得某人手忙脚乱The tennis player hit a shot across the court that wrong-footed his opponent.wrong-foot [sb] vtr figurative (make [sb] appear wrong)使某人措手不及；使某人张皇失措The author wrong-footed critics when his book became a surprise bestseller.X-ray [sth/sb], x-ray [sth/sb] vtr (examine by radiograph)照X光The doctor will x-ray your leg to see if any bones are broken.yearn for [sth/sb] vi + prep (desire)渴望；想望I yearn for a home-cooked meal.yell at [sb/sth] vi + prep (shout angrily at)对...怒吼；对...喊叫Susan yelled at her dog but the barking continued.苏珊对她的狗怒吼，不过狗吠声没有停下。yes [sb] vtr (agree with [sb])对…称是；对…表示赞同Geoff's assistant yesses him and offers no ideas of his own.yield, yield to [sb] vi (allow to speak)让与发言权I yield to the esteemed senator from Colorado.the yoke of [sth/sb] n figurative (burden) (比喻)（处于）…的奴役之下，受…的束缚The employees found themselves under the yoke of a slave-driving boss.员工们发现，他们正受一名严苛残酷的老板的奴役。yoke [sb] to [sb] vtr + prep figurative (join together) (比喻)把…和…绑到一起，使…和…连结到一起Tim guessed his marriage yoked him to Jane for life.yuppify [sth/sb] vtr usually passive (make more upmarket)雅皮化zonk [sb/sth] vtr slang, dated (hit)击打；打 |
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Fahrenheit英汉词典共收录405868条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用汉语及英语词汇的翻译、用法及例句，是中英文学习的有利工具。